CN102550278A - High-yield method for interplanting strawberry with corn - Google Patents
High-yield method for interplanting strawberry with corn Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-yield method for interplanting strawberry with corn includes: slightly pulling tissue-cultured detoxicated strawberry seedlings out of bottles; cleaning away root medium; airing the seedlings; placing the seedlings in a seedling tray with medium filled holes according to hole planting; transplanting seedlings according to row spacing 1.5m and plant spacing 0.8m when each tissue culture seedling grows 4-5 leaves; controlling daytime temperature to be 15-20 DEG C and night temperature to be 8-10 DEG C during the period of from germination to budding; controlling cold injury in the whole growth period and preventing spindling of plants due to high temperature or poor ventilation; strengthening management to prevent high temperature and high humidity; timely removing diseased leaves and diseased fruits to evidently relieve disease damage and controlling gray mold; and preventing high humidity, excessive fertilizer, high density and spindling, and keeping good ventilation. Fruits which are more than 70% colored can be harvested once every one or two days, and harvested when no water drop exists in a greenhouse before temperature rising, or at the nightfall.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of strawberry cover and plant the fertile culture of maize method.
Background technology
Fragaria perennial root perennial evergreen herbaceous plant, it is strong to have adaptability, plant is short and small, growth cycle is short, breeding rapidly, characteristic such as cost is low.Strawberry is prone to cultivation, can yield positive results then, and output is high, and listing early, and is good in economic efficiency.Generally per mu yield value then reaches 3 ~ 40,000 yuan, and net profit is peasant's " short, flat, fast " road of getting wealth also at 2 ~ 30,000 yuan.Because strawberry is bright in colour, unique flavor, sour-sweet can day, fragrant succulence, nutritious, be rich in multivitamin and amino acid, be loved by the people.It is main with the greenhouse by solar heat cultivation that present grass is suddenly produced many,
The purpose of greenhouse by solar heat cultivation is to impel strawberry precocious, realizes anti-season production, satisfies the market demand of producing dull season.Be to improve the yield and quality of strawberry, carried out the strawberry detoxication and tissue culture and grown seedlings and the research of nuisanceless production supporting technology, the susceptible rate of plant drops to 2% from original 30%.Greenhouse strawberry is last September, field planting in the middle ten days; Late October covering with plastic film and horticultural covering film, strawberry begins to gather by the end of November, next year adopts the interplanting mode to plant special corns such as sweet corn, waxy corn on strawberry canopy protection ground by the end of February-3 month; Mid or late April treats that milpa is long behind certain altitude; Remove burring poison plant, neither can influence the normal growth of strawberry, make full use of the greenhouse effect of strawberry booth simultaneously again; Shorten the maturing stage sweet, waxy corn, can increase substantially planting benefit sweet, waxy corn.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is realized by the following technical programs:
(1) grow seedlings: the strawberry stolon shoot tip meristem of drawing materials is a culture materials, in the desinfection chamber, earlier with 70% alcohol disinfecting 30s; With 0.1% mercuric chloride sterilization, 6 ~ 8min, wash repeatedly 6 ~ 8 times with sterile water at last again, fully remove residual mercuric chloride; After peelling off bract of stem apex outermost layer; In this horizontal partial application in bract trace place, middle choose small growing point rapidly with dissecting needle in crosscut then, also can directly squeeze out growing point.With MS is minimal medium, sugaring 15 ~ 30g, agar 6g, the basic element of cell division 0.25 ~ 1.0mg, auximone 0.05 ~ 0.1mg.Bottle graft is gone into one and is connect material, and at 2 ~ 10 ℃, intensity of illumination 1500 ~ 20002lx, light application time 12h every day, group training detoxification strawberry bottle outlet is carried seedling gently, cleans the root medium, dries moisture, and hole pressing is planted in the seedling-cultivating tray that installs matrix; Matrix is for respectively 1/3 formulated with turfy soil, humic bark, perlite, and in matrix, admixes dry chicken manure, stalk end and cake fertilizer.
(2) refining seedling: the strawberry seedling is grown on root media, root of hair, when root length is 0.5 ~ 1cm, opens bottle cap; In bottle, replenish a spot of sterile water with little sprayer; Cover bottleneck with film or glass then, continue to place culturing room to cultivate 5 days, under natural daylight, took exercise 3 ~ 4 days;
(3) transplant: during tissue cultivating seedling 4-5 leaf, seedling is pressed line-spacing 1. 5 m, spacing in the rows 0. 8 m plant; Nafusaku with 5 ~ 10 mg/kg before transplanting soaked root 2 ~ 6 hours, and is obvious to the hestening rooting effect, helps planting the back and becomes to live and growth.Before the field planting, in conjunction with ploughing deeply per 666. 7m
2Execute the fertilizer 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure and soya-bean cake fertilizer are best, and add superphosphate 100kg, potassium sulphate 30kg; Leveling rake is thin, support ridger then, and about the high 20cm in ridge, ridge face width 55cm; The wide 25cm of furrow carries out when watering field planting water after large-ridge double-row is planted and planting root unfolded placing in the cave, insert carefully then on, compacting; Mention seedling gently, make root system and on combine closely, water normal root water after planting immediately 1 time, amount is unsuitable excessive.
(3) Temperature and Humidity Control: rudiment to squaring period, day temperature should be controlled at 15 ~ 20 ℃, and at 8 ~ 10 ℃ of nights, the whole growth phase will prevent freeze injury, more will prevent to cause plant excessive growth because of temperature drift or improper ventilation; The fruit expanding period temperature is to be controlled at 20 ~ 25 ℃ daytime, 6 ~ 8 ℃ of nights.Relative moisture can be controlled in 60% ~ 70%;
(4) rich water control: every mu of sealing fertilizer consumption 20kg, after the water dissolving, interval 7 ~ 10d left and right sides Shi Yici; The urea that general 7 ~ 10d foliage-spray is one time 0.3% ~ 0.5%; 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium phosphate,monobasic, 0.1% ~ 0.3% boric acid, 0.03 % manganese sulphate or multi-component composite fertilizer or farm chemical for increasing yield, organic nutrient solution for cultivating such as 2003; To improve fruit weight and sugar content, make fruity more delicious;
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest: strengthen management, prevent hot and humidly, in time remove the disease leaf, sick fruit can obviously alleviate disease, prevents and treats gray mold, prevent high humidity, many fertile, overstocked, excessive growth, the maintenance well-ventilated.Prevent and treat and can spray 1:1:200 bordeaux mixture, Polyoxin, Sukeling, iprodione etc. before gray mold is bloomed, their early stage can spray 10% generation high-moisture shot agent 1000 ~ 1500 liquid or 1000 times of liquid of more than 50% mould clear pulvis; Prevent and treat bud blight, prevent high humidity, too much pour water, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, can spray Polyoxin squaring period; Leaf spot can be preceding in spending, adopt back spray 1200 times of liquid of 50% iprodione wetting powder or 1000 times of liquid of Pola peace; Root rot can be used 800 times of liquid irrigating roots of 30% compound carbendazim; Powdery mildew can be sprayed three ketone, alkene mile alcohol, and per 666. 7m2 of also available 45% chlorothalonil smoke once use the lkg smoked kill.
(6) flower and fruit thinning: dredge to remove senior the flower that is prone to female sterile, extract sick fruit with
Too much young fruit;
(7) gather: reaching 70% when fruit color can gather, and receive 1 time at a distance from 1 ~ 2 day; Collecting time to select in the greenhouse anhydrous drip to high temperature and arrive before, or gather at dusk.
(8) maize planting: the spacing in the rows of corn is 18 ~ 22cm, digs the live or transplanting in cave, and seed manure is made in live field every mu of NPK of executing 25kg prior to seeding; After emerging, in time open mulch film, water and execute light night soil and keep a full stand of seedings; Seedling length is to 3 leaves 1 seedling in the heart, 5 leaf phase final singlings, and a young plant is stayed in every cave, behind the shallow intertill and clean tillage, every 667m
2Execute urea 10kg, when plant grows to the 9-10 leaf,, urea 20kg is executed in per 667 expansions, potassium chloride l5kg, and plant is topdressed 1 time before taking out hero again, and urea and each 10Kg of potassium chloride are executed in per 667 expansions.
Embodiment
Below will carry out detailed description to the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment has been merely explanation the present invention, rather than in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.
(1) grow seedlings: the strawberry stolon shoot tip meristem of drawing materials is a culture materials, in the desinfection chamber, earlier with 70% alcohol disinfecting 30s; With 0.1% mercuric chloride sterilization, 6 ~ 8min, wash repeatedly 6 ~ 8 times with sterile water at last again, fully remove residual mercuric chloride; After peelling off bract of stem apex outermost layer; In this horizontal partial application in bract trace place, middle choose small growing point rapidly with dissecting needle in crosscut then, also can directly squeeze out growing point.With MS is minimal medium, sugaring 15 ~ 30g, agar 6g, the basic element of cell division 0.25 ~ 1.0mg, auximone 0.05 ~ 0.1mg.Bottle graft is gone into one and is connect material, and at 2 ~ 10 ℃, intensity of illumination 1500 ~ 20002lx, light application time 12h every day, group training detoxification strawberry bottle outlet is carried seedling gently, cleans the root medium, dries moisture, and hole pressing is planted in the seedling-cultivating tray that installs matrix; Matrix is for respectively 1/3 formulated with turfy soil, humic bark, perlite, and in matrix, admixes dry chicken manure, stalk end and cake fertilizer.
(2) refining seedling: the strawberry seedling is grown on root media, root of hair, when root length is 0.5 ~ 1cm, opens bottle cap; In bottle, replenish a spot of sterile water with little sprayer; Cover bottleneck with film or glass then, continue to place culturing room to cultivate 5 days, under natural daylight, took exercise 3 ~ 4 days;
(3) transplant: during tissue cultivating seedling 4-5 leaf, seedling is pressed line-spacing 1. 5 m, spacing in the rows 0. 8 m plant; Nafusaku with 5 ~ 10 mg/kg before transplanting soaked root 2 ~ 6 hours, and is obvious to the hestening rooting effect, helps planting the back and becomes to live and growth.Before the field planting, in conjunction with ploughing deeply per 666. 7m
2Execute the fertilizer 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure and soya-bean cake fertilizer are best, and add superphosphate 100kg, potassium sulphate 30kg; Leveling rake is thin, support ridger then, and about the high 20cm in ridge, ridge face width 55cm; The wide 25cm of furrow carries out when watering field planting water after large-ridge double-row is planted and planting root unfolded placing in the cave, insert carefully then on, compacting; Mention seedling gently, make root system and on combine closely, water normal root water after planting immediately 1 time, amount is unsuitable excessive.
(3) Temperature and Humidity Control: rudiment to squaring period, day temperature should be controlled at 15 ~ 20 ℃, and at 8 ~ 10 ℃ of nights, the whole growth phase will prevent freeze injury, more will prevent to cause plant excessive growth because of temperature drift or improper ventilation; The fruit expanding period temperature is to be controlled at 20 ~ 25 ℃ daytime, 6 ~ 8 ℃ of nights.Relative moisture can be controlled in 60% ~ 70%;
(4) rich water control: every mu of sealing fertilizer consumption 20kg, after the water dissolving, interval 7 ~ 10d left and right sides Shi Yici; The urea that general 7 ~ 10d foliage-spray is one time 0.3% ~ 0.5%; 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium phosphate,monobasic, 0.1% ~ 0.3% boric acid, 0.03 % manganese sulphate or multi-component composite fertilizer or farm chemical for increasing yield, organic nutrient solution for cultivating such as 2003; To improve fruit weight and sugar content, make fruity more delicious;
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest: strengthen management, prevent hot and humidly, in time remove the disease leaf, sick fruit can obviously alleviate disease, prevents and treats gray mold, prevent high humidity, many fertile, overstocked, excessive growth, the maintenance well-ventilated.Prevent and treat and can spray 1:1:200 bordeaux mixture, Polyoxin, Sukeling, iprodione etc. before gray mold is bloomed, their early stage can spray 10% generation high-moisture shot agent 1000 ~ 1500 liquid or 1000 times of liquid of more than 50% mould clear pulvis; Prevent and treat bud blight, prevent high humidity, too much pour water, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, can spray Polyoxin squaring period; Leaf spot can be preceding in spending, adopt back spray 1200 times of liquid of 50% iprodione wetting powder or 1000 times of liquid of Pola peace; Root rot can be used 800 times of liquid irrigating roots of 30% compound carbendazim; Powdery mildew can be sprayed three ketone, alkene mile alcohol, and per 666. 7m2 of also available 45% chlorothalonil smoke once use the lkg smoked kill.
(6) flower and fruit thinning: dredge to remove senior the flower that is prone to female sterile, extract sick fruit with
Too much young fruit;
(7) gather: reaching 70% when fruit color can gather, and receive 1 time at a distance from 1 ~ 2 day; Collecting time to select in the greenhouse anhydrous drip to high temperature and arrive before, or gather at dusk.
(8) cultivation of corn: the spacing in the rows of corn is 18 ~ 22cm, digs the live or transplanting in cave, and seed manure is made in live field every mu of NPK of executing 25kg prior to seeding; After emerging, in time open mulch film, water and execute light night soil and keep a full stand of seedings; Seedling length is to 3 leaves 1 seedling in the heart, 5 leaf phase final singlings, and a young plant is stayed in every cave, behind the shallow intertill and clean tillage, every 667m
2Execute urea 10kg, when plant grows to the 9-10 leaf,, urea 20kg is executed in per 667 expansions, potassium chloride l5kg, and plant is topdressed 1 time before taking out hero again, and urea and each 10Kg of potassium chloride are executed in per 667 expansions.
Claims (9)
1. a strawberry interplanting corn high-yielding non-pollution cultivation method comprises the cultivation of strawberry cultivating and corn, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) grow seedlings: group training detoxification strawberry bottle outlet, carry seedling gently, clean the root medium, dry moisture, hole pressing is planted in the seedling-cultivating tray that installs matrix;
(2) refining seedling: the strawberry seedling is grown on root media, root of hair, when root length is 0.5 ~ 1cm, opens bottle cap; In bottle, replenish a spot of sterile water with little sprayer; Cover bottleneck with film or glass then, continue to place culturing room to cultivate 5 days, under natural daylight, took exercise 3 ~ 4 days;
(3) transplant: during tissue cultivating seedling 4-5 leaf, seedling is pressed line-spacing 1. 5 m, spacing in the rows 0. 8 m plant, and field planting is preceding with 5 * 10
-6Methyl soaks root system 2h, wipes out the old root of part black, imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 10 ~ 15kg;
(4) Temperature and Humidity Control: rudiment to squaring period, day temperature should be controlled at 15 ~ 20 ℃, and at 8 ~ 10 ℃ of nights, the whole growth phase will prevent freeze injury, more will prevent to cause plant excessive growth because of temperature drift or improper ventilation; The fruit expanding period temperature is to be controlled at 20 ~ 25 ℃ daytime, 6 ~ 8 ℃ of nights.
2. relative moisture can be controlled in 60% ~ 70%;
(5) rich water control: every mu of sealing fertilizer consumption 20kg, after the water dissolving, interval 7 ~ 10d left and right sides Shi Yici; The urea that general 7 ~ 10d foliage-spray is one time 0.3% ~ 0.5%; 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium phosphate,monobasic, 0.1% ~ 0.3% boric acid, 0.03 % manganese sulphate or multi-component composite fertilizer or farm chemical for increasing yield, organic nutrient solution for cultivating such as 2003; To improve fruit weight and sugar content, make fruity more delicious;
(6) extermination of disease and insect pest: strengthen management, prevent hot and humidly, in time remove the disease leaf, sick fruit can obviously alleviate disease, prevents and treats gray mold and powdery mildew, prevent high humidity, many fertile, overstocked, excessive growth, the maintenance well-ventilated.
3. (7) flower and fruit thinning: dredge and remove senior the flower that is prone to female sterile, extract sick fruit and too much young fruit;
(8) gather: reaching 70% when fruit color can gather, and receive 1 time at a distance from 1 ~ 2 day; Collecting time to select in the greenhouse anhydrous drip to high temperature and arrive before, or gather at dusk.
4. the cultivation of (9) corn: the spacing in the rows of corn is 18 ~ 22cm, digs the live or transplanting in cave, and seed manure is made in live field every mu of NPK of executing 25kg prior to seeding; After emerging, in time open mulch film, water and execute light night soil and keep a full stand of seedings; Seedling length is to 3 leaves 1 seedling in the heart, 5 leaf phase final singlings, and a young plant is stayed in every cave, behind the shallow intertill and clean tillage, every 667m
2Execute urea 10kg, when plant grows to the 9-10 leaf,, urea 20kg is executed in per 667 expansions, potassium chloride l5kg, and plant is topdressed 1 time before taking out hero again, and urea and each 10Kg of potassium chloride are executed in per 667 expansions.
5.2. a kind of strawberry cover as claimed in claim 1 is planted the fertile culture of maize method, it is characterized in that: admix cultivation matrix with turfy soil, humic bark, the dry chicken manure of each 1/3 preparation matrix nutrition soil of perlite, stalk end and cake fertilizer mixing, or per 666.7 m
2Execute chicken manure 5 000 kg that become thoroughly decomposed, urea 30 kg, superphosphate 50 kg, potassium sulphate 50 kg plough deeply, flatten, harrow thin.
6. a kind of strawberry cover as claimed in claim 1 is planted the fertile culture of maize method, it is characterized in that: gray mold: guarantee ventilation and penetrating light in the ranks, reduce humidity.
7. chemical control can use 400 ~ 600 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder to spray, or 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800-1000 times liquid sprays, or 300-500 times of liquid of 50% captan wetting powder sprays, and from the sick rational application of fertilizer of powder, avoids nitrogen application too much.
8. chemical control can be with 25% triadimefon 3000-5000 times liquid before blooming, or 1500 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder spray, and begins to spray medicine before buddingging, and spray in every 5-7 days 1 time connects and sprays 3-4 time.
9. a kind of strawberry cover as claimed in claim 1 is planted the fertile culture of maize method, it is characterized in that: before the field planting, execute the fertilizer 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed in conjunction with ploughing deeply per 666. 7m2; Chicken manure and soya-bean cake fertilizer are best, and add superphosphate 100kg, potassium sulphate 30kg; Leveling rake is thin, and support ridger then is about the high 20cm in ridge; Ridge face width 55cm, the wide 25cm of furrow carries out and waters field planting water after large-ridge double-row is planted.
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102805001A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-05 | 中农齐民(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Organic prevention and control method for facility strawberry pest and disease damage |
CN102870589A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-01-16 | 金陵科技学院 | Method for preventing strawberry young-seedling from being damaged by high temperature, high humidity and high light |
CN102893786A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 南京绿星农业科技有限公司 | Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts |
CN103329802A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-02 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业发展有限公司 | Pollution-free high-yield planting method for strawberries |
CN104222660A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 张可池 | Pig feed additive capable of improving immunity of pig |
CN104871801A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-02 | 尚志市百草王人参种植有限公司 | Novel planting method of ginseng and corn |
CN105794584A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-07-27 | 刘玉峰 | Potted fruit tree, soft-seed pomegranate and chrysanthemum three-crop interplanting method in greenhouse planting |
CN106134726A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 全椒县大墅镇司圣友家庭农场 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of interplanting strawberries spring maize |
CN107188699A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-22 | 安徽健禾农业开发有限公司 | A kind of open country implantation methods of interplanting strawberries corn |
CN107750855A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-03-06 | 淮南市益农瓜果产销服务有限公司 | A kind of pest control method during strawberry cultivating |
CN110731214A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-31 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for efficiently preventing and treating strawberry virus diseases by early insect prevention method |
CN110810165A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 阜阳市农业科学院 | Green production and crop rotation technical method for fresh corn and strawberries |
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Cited By (13)
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CN102805001A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-05 | 中农齐民(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Organic prevention and control method for facility strawberry pest and disease damage |
CN102805001B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-12-25 | 中农齐民(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Organic prevention and control method for facility strawberry pest and disease damage |
CN102893786A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 南京绿星农业科技有限公司 | Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts |
CN102870589A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-01-16 | 金陵科技学院 | Method for preventing strawberry young-seedling from being damaged by high temperature, high humidity and high light |
CN103329802A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-02 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业发展有限公司 | Pollution-free high-yield planting method for strawberries |
CN104222660A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 张可池 | Pig feed additive capable of improving immunity of pig |
CN104871801A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-02 | 尚志市百草王人参种植有限公司 | Novel planting method of ginseng and corn |
CN105794584A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-07-27 | 刘玉峰 | Potted fruit tree, soft-seed pomegranate and chrysanthemum three-crop interplanting method in greenhouse planting |
CN106134726A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 全椒县大墅镇司圣友家庭农场 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of interplanting strawberries spring maize |
CN107188699A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-22 | 安徽健禾农业开发有限公司 | A kind of open country implantation methods of interplanting strawberries corn |
CN107750855A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-03-06 | 淮南市益农瓜果产销服务有限公司 | A kind of pest control method during strawberry cultivating |
CN110731214A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-31 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for efficiently preventing and treating strawberry virus diseases by early insect prevention method |
CN110810165A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 阜阳市农业科学院 | Green production and crop rotation technical method for fresh corn and strawberries |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |