CN102893786A - Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts - Google Patents
Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102893786A CN102893786A CN2012104021262A CN201210402126A CN102893786A CN 102893786 A CN102893786 A CN 102893786A CN 2012104021262 A CN2012104021262 A CN 2012104021262A CN 201210402126 A CN201210402126 A CN 201210402126A CN 102893786 A CN102893786 A CN 102893786A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- strawberry
- fruit
- field
- furrow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture method for paddy-upland rotation of strawberries and water chestnuts to eliminate successive cropping obstacles. The method comprises the following steps: in the first ten-day period of March, building ridges at the periphery of a plastic film coated sunlight warm greenhouse, taking an organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, feeding water for ploughing and levelling to obtain a shallow water chestnut nursery pond; harvesting the strawberries, and ploughing and levelling a piece of field to obtain a flat rectangular piece of field; setting shallow water chestnuts 45 days after the shallow water chestnuts are sowed generally, transplanting the shallow water chestnuts to the prepared strawberry field, and inserting the shallow water chestnuts into soil for setting; and harvesting water chestnut stems and water chestnuts, applying an organic fertilizer or fermented farmyard manure serving as a base fertilizer, ploughing and ridging, transplanting strawberry seedlings, performing normal field management, and harvesting the strawberries. Facility strawberries are taken as an agricultural production main body, the water chestnuts are auxiliarily planted, the paddy-upland rotation is realized, successive cropping obstacles such as soil acidification and salinification, nutrient imbalance and serious soil-borne diseases and pests caused by successive plantation of strawberries in the facility strawberry field are delayed or eliminated, the utilization rate is improved, the shopping baskets of consumers are enriched, and the agricultural production benefit is further improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method, relate in particular to a kind of strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation cultivation method.
Background technology
The strawberry economic benefit is high, and the market competitiveness is strong, occupies an important position in modern plant.Along with the development of the industrialization of facility strawberry production, specialization, scale, become the pillar industry in the areas such as the yellow river of Donghai Area, Jiangsu, Jurong white rabbit, Fu Jia limit, Lishui.Because it is higher that the strawberry facility is moved cost, the production and application phase in year is long, add the arable land limited, facility continuous cropping phenomenon is very general, and this just causes the continuous cropping obstacle phenomenons such as the soil salinization, acidifying, nutrient imbalance and damage by disease and insect increase the weight of generally to occur, and main manifestations is that the generations such as soil-borne disease is withered, verticillium wilt are serious, growth is suppressed, vine growth and development is bad, lethality is up to 30%, and production declining 20%-50% brings about great losses to strawberry production.Continuous cropping obstacle serious threat the sustainable development of facility strawberry production, directly affect Yield of Strawberry and benefit, become bottleneck problems of some area restriction strawberry production sustainable developments.How the continuous cropping obstacles such as the effectively integrated control soil salinization, acidifying, nutrient imbalance and damage by disease and insect improve working condition, and the sustainable development of support facility strawberry production is more aobvious urgent.
At present, control strawberry continuous cropping obstacle has several method in the production: crop rotation, the rotation of crops, soil removal and replacement (soil moved in to improve the original), select the chemistry such as disease-resistant variety and Celfume or applying biological system to carry out soil disinfection.Strawberry specialty growing area is ploughed nervous, substantially can fall without ground; The soil removal and replacement workload is very large, and is unfavorable for the raising of soil fertility; The disease-resistant variety seed selection of multiresistance is very difficult; The Celfume Disinfection Effect is good, but toxicity is extremely strong, easily causes people and animals' injures and deaths, and environment is caused severe contamination, has forbidden in the world producing and using from January 1 calendar year 2001; Biologic product is subjected to the impact of amblent air temperature larger, and operation technique is high, and effect is difficult to control.
Rice field-upland field rotation is that China working people sums up a kind of ecology that forms, efficient cropping system in long-term practice, and Wu Yuguang etc. (2005) think that vegetables and wet crop crop rotation are to improve the most economical effective approach of continuous cropping obstacle.Strawberry is mainly with taking turns as main with " careless boiled water rice " at present, Liu Ying (2009), Li Shifeng (2010) etc. successively publish an article, reported " strawberry---paddy rice " efficiency cultivation technology for high, He Shengmi (2005) etc. utilizes the aquatic alternative paddy rice such as long Ying shepherd's purse breeding time, arrowhead to carry out the rice field-upland field rotation in facilities vegetable base, and remarkable in economical benefits improves.But if carry out crop rotation with strawberry and paddy rice, the paddy rice benefit is relatively low on the one hand, can affect on the other hand the early stage field planting of facility strawberry, thereby affect the strawberry early yield, further affects economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the invention discloses a kind of strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation cultivation method.
The embodiment of the invention is achieved in that a kind of cultivation method of strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation elimination continuous cropping obstacles, and this cultivation method comprises following implementation step;
The first step: in conjunction with the strawberry cultivars characteristic, carry out by the end of August then field planting to mid-September, realize that strawberry from gathering before and after by the end of December then, finished at the beginning of 5 months next years; And in time remove strawberry, field ploughed pat, form flat furrow, middle with build the ridge all around, the ridge is higher than about 30 centimetres on flat furrow surface all around;
Second step: next year early March begin the Pregermination and seedling breeding of water caltrop, utilize the daylight warm type big shack of covered with plastic film, build stalk all around, make base manure with fertilizer, upper water is ploughed and is patted, and forms to be higher than 0.3～0.4 meter dark nursery pond in flat furrow surface; The shallow water water caltrop generally carries out field planting about 45 days after planting, 2～3 young plants are bundled into a branch of for subsequent use, it is transplanted to the strawberry plot of putting in order, with 0.6～0.8 meter of line-spacing, 0.6～0.8 meter of equal hill spacing, 2～3 strains of every cave are transplanted, and are inserted into field planting in the soil, then pour water to keeping 10～25cm water level;
The 3rd step: the water caltrop of gathering stalk, water caltrop be to early and middle ten days in August next year, apply fertilizer after water caltrop is gathered or the farmyard manure that ferments as base manure, plough ridging, prepare strawberry field planting and the production in the current year.
Further, field ploughed pat, form the flat furrow that fall " saying " shape.
Further, the nursery pond depth of water generally remains on 10～20cm, and the mode that adopts full railway carriage or compartment to disseminate is sowed 80～100 kilograms of per 667 square metres of sowing quantities.
Further, the field planting method of this cultivation method employing is:
Breeding is planted in choosing: should select flower bud differentiation early, cold-resistant, high yield, colory kind.Strawberry self-flowering fruiting power is strong, and one to two other pollinated variety of also can arranging in pairs or groups is to improve output;
Fertilising bedding: after water caltrop is gathered end, in conjunction with high-quality farmyard manure 2000kg-3000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer power (5: 5: the 2.5) 30kg-40kg that every mu of plowed soils becomes thoroughly decomposed, superphosphate 40kg.Plough later artificial or machine trench digging bedding, the high 20cm-30cm of furrow, furrow face width 60cm-80cm, furrow furrow width 30cm-40cm;
The production seedling is selected: select the stolon seedling of the well developed root system of being bred as maternal plant by virus-free healthy and strong plant, the new then pumping of stem rugosity more than 0.7 as the current year's production seedling;
Play transplantation of seedlings: Flower Bud Differentiation of Strawberry begins the phase, generally plays by the end of August transplantation of seedlings to mid-September; For promoting slow seedling, transplant that preferably being chosen at the cloudy day carries out, with rising with fortune with cultivation.Note in transit ventilation and heat, anti-extrusion, anti-tanning by the sun; Every ridge cultivation 2 row according to the size of seedling, are determined planting density by every mu of 6000 strain to 8000 strains, and spacing in the rows is about about 20cm; Make the root system full extension when planting in planting pit, the depth of planting is watered the real rear seedling heart of depositing in water and is advisable a little more than the soil table to banket; The attention orientation is planted, and is about to the crooked convex surface of rhizome section towards furrow ditch one side; In time water after the transplanting, heavy real to promote soil, accelerate alive of strawberry; Sooner or later water little water 1-2 2-3 days every days after being generally cultivation, and change later on 2-3 days into and water water one time, the furrow irrigation moisturizing, water is not gone up furrow, naturally falls dried, to keep the humidity of soil.
Further, the field management method of this cultivation method employing is:
Plastic mulching: select unregistered land film or black and white two facial masks, according to plant growth condition and temperature, determine the plastic film mulch time, generally about October 20, after the plastic film mulch immediately rupture of membranes carry seedling; Before beginning insulation, the mulch film two ends are fixed on the shoulder of railway carriage or compartment; After the insulation beginning, put down mulch film, cover the railway carriage or compartment ditch, full garden covers;
Topdress: before spreading, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 8kg, and the N-P-K content ratio is 15: 10: 15; First fruit expanding period with gather the initial stage, and each batch fruit expanding period is topdressed respectively later on, every mu of nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer 10kg; Dig up the roots outside outer the topdressing, should adopt fertilizer applicator, apply in conjunction with pouring water;
Water management: slight irrigation or filling form are carried out moisturizing under the employing mulch film; Usually pour water once every 7d-10d after the plastic mulching, irrigate with the 0.75kw water pump for every mu, the 1h-2h that at every turn pours water, can be observed the strawberry leaf margin morning next day the water droplet phenomenon;
Temperature treatment: begin to cover canopy film insulation during 16 ℃ of left and right sides of mean temperature of air, be generally at the beginning of late October to 11 month; When ambient temperature is about to drop to 0 ℃, in time cover with hut or middle canopy and carry out Double insulating; When temperature further reduces, cover other insulation materials at hut again, such as straw screen or mat, without preventing cloth etc.; When temperature of shed surpasses when temperature required, the canopy film should in time be started aeration-cooling;
Humidity control in the facility plastic greenhouse: regulate humidity in the facility by taking off the membrane cover film; At the insulation initial stage, humidity is controlled at 85%-90% in the canopy; In flowering stage, the interior humidity of canopy is controlled at about 40% and is advisable; Fruit and maturing stage, humidity can be controlled in 60%-70%;
Plant and flower and fruit management: in time extract dead leaf, Lao Ye, stolon and cripetura stem paraclade; 5-6d puts into honeybee before blooming, and puts a beehive with 0.5 mu of ground and is advisable; Must guard against the spray medicine during putting honeybee, need before the spray medicine, beehive to be moved on to outside the canopy, again beehive is moved in the canopy in a week behind the spray medicine; The whole florescence all can be carried out flower thinning, and fruit thinning should begin expanding stage at young fruit and carry out, and in time removes senior flower and senior fruit, should dredge malformed fruit and sick wormed fruit during the growth result;
The extermination of disease and insect pest: according to the policy of " putting prevention first integrated control ", with kill pathogen, worm is former attaches most importance to, take cultural control as the basis, chemical control is the auxiliary control of carrying out the strawberry damage by disease and insect; Diseases of Strawberry mainly contains: virus disease, anthracnose, powdery mildew, gray mold, snake eye disease, zonate spot, verticillium wilt; Insect pest mainly contains: tetranychid, chafer, aphid, prodenia litura; When using Agro-chemicals control, should note using method and the safety interval of medicament;
Strawberry is gathered: according to different determining different harvest maturity season, December to mid-February, be advisable with ninety percent ripe gathering, gather with medium well in 3 to April; Gather with medium well May; Fruit maturity determines according to fruit face colouring degree, and it is seven, eight, ninety percent ripe that the fruit face colouring is respectively when reaching 70%, 80%, 90%.
Further, guarantee that temperature of shed is not less than 5 ℃, the concrete insulation of each growth period requires as follows: the insulation initial stage: 28 ℃-30 ℃ of daytimes, 12 ℃-15 ℃ of nights; During aobvious flower bud: 25 ℃-28 ℃ of daytimes, 10 ℃-15 ℃ of nights, flowering stage: 23 ℃-25 ℃ of daytimes, 8 ℃-10 ℃ of nights; Fruit and maturing stage: 20 ℃-25 ℃ of daytimes, 6 ℃-8 ℃ of nights.
The invention discloses a kind of strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation cultivation method, not only can delay or eliminate because soil acidification, salinization, nutrient imbalance, soil that strawberry causes are planted in facility strawberry plot year after year and pass the continuous cropping obstacles such as damage by disease and insect is serious, and having improved land utilization rate, economic benefit increases.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cultivation method flow chart that continuous cropping obstacles is eliminated in the strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The first step: in conjunction with the strawberry cultivars characteristic, carry out by the end of August then field planting to mid-September, carry out flower and fruit management, rich water regulation and control, the extermination of disease and insect pest etc. according to facility strawberry forcing culture basic demand, realize that strawberry from gathering before and after by the end of December then, finished, and in time remove strawberry at the beginning of 5 months next years, field ploughed pat, the flat furrow that form " saying " shape, middle with build the ridge all around, the ridge is higher than about 30 centimetres on flat furrow surface all around.
Second step: next year early March begin Pregermination and seedling breeding, utilize the daylight warm type big shack of covered with plastic film, build stalk all around, make base manure with fertilizer, upper water is ploughed and is patted, and forms to be higher than 0.3～0.4 meter dark nursery pond in flat furrow surface.The nursery pond depth of water generally remains on 10～20cm, and the mode that adopts full railway carriage or compartment to disseminate is sowed 80～100 kilograms of per 667 square metres of sowing quantities.The shallow water water caltrop generally carries out field planting after planting about 45 days, 2～3 young plants are bundled into a branch of for subsequent use, and it is transplanted to the strawberry plot of putting in order, with 0.6～0.8 meter of line-spacing, and 0.6～0.8 meter of equal hill spacing, 2～3 strains of every cave are transplanted, and are inserted into field planting in the soil.Then pour water to keeping 10～25cm water level;
The 3rd step: the water caltrop of gathering stalk, water caltrop be to early and middle ten days in August next year, apply fertilizer after water caltrop is gathered or the farmyard manure that ferments as base manure, plough ridging, prepare strawberry field planting and the production in the current year.
Embodiment of the invention specific embodiments is as follows:
(1) field planting
1, breeding is planted in choosing
Should select flower bud differentiation early, cold-resistant, high yield, colory kind.Strawberry self-flowering fruiting power is strong, and one to two other pollinated variety of also can arranging in pairs or groups is to improve output.
2, fertilising bedding
After water caltrop is gathered end, in conjunction with high-quality farmyard manure 2000kg-3000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer power (5: 5: the 2.5) 30kg-40kg that every mu of plowed soils becomes thoroughly decomposed, superphosphate 40kg.Plough later artificial or machine trench digging bedding, the high 20cm-30cm of furrow, furrow face width 60cm-80cm, furrow furrow width 30cm-40cm.
3, producing seedling selects
The stolon seedling of the well developed root system that selection is bred as maternal plant by virus-free healthy and strong plant, the new then pumping of stem rugosity more than 0.7 is as the current year's production seedling.
4, play transplantation of seedlings
Flower Bud Differentiation of Strawberry phase beginning (generally by the end of August to mid-September) is played transplantation of seedlings.For promoting slow seedling, transplant that preferably being chosen at the cloudy day carries out, with rising with fortune with cultivation.Note in transit ventilation and heat, anti-extrusion, anti-tanning by the sun.
Every ridge cultivation 2 row according to the size of seedling, are determined planting density by every mu of 6000 strain to 8000 strains, and spacing in the rows is about about 20cm.Make the root system full extension when planting in planting pit, the depth of planting is watered the real rear seedling heart of depositing in water and is advisable a little more than the soil table to banket.The attention orientation is planted, and is about to the crooked convex surface of rhizome section towards furrow ditch one side.
In time water after the transplanting, heavy real to promote soil, accelerate alive of strawberry.Sooner or later water little water 1-2 2-3 days every days after being generally cultivation, and change later on 2-3 days into and water water one time, the furrow irrigation moisturizing, water is not gone up furrow, naturally falls dried, to keep the humidity of soil.
(2) field management
1, plastic mulching
Select unregistered land film or black and white two facial masks, according to plant growth condition and temperature, determine the plastic film mulch time, generally about October 20, after the plastic film mulch immediately rupture of membranes carry seedling; Before beginning insulation, the mulch film two ends are fixed on the shoulder of railway carriage or compartment; After the insulation beginning, put down mulch film, cover the railway carriage or compartment ditch, full garden covers.
2, topdress
Before spreading, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (15: 10: 15) 8kg; First fruit expanding period with gather the initial stage, and each batch fruit expanding period is topdressed respectively later on, every mu of nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer (15: 10: 15) 10kg.Dig up the roots outside outer the topdressing, should adopt fertilizer applicator, apply in conjunction with pouring water.
3, water management
Slight irrigation or filling form are carried out moisturizing under the employing mulch film.Usually pour water once every 7d-10d after the plastic mulching, irrigate with the 0.75kw water pump for every mu, the 1h-2h that at every turn pours water, can be observed the strawberry leaf margin morning next day the water droplet phenomenon.
4, temperature treatment
Begin to cover canopy film insulation during 16 ℃ of left and right sides of mean temperature of air, be generally at the beginning of late October to 11 month.When ambient temperature is about to drop to 0 ℃, in time cover with hut or middle canopy and carry out Double insulating.When temperature further reduces, cover other insulation materials at hut again, such as straw screen or mat, without preventing cloth etc.When temperature of shed surpasses when temperature required, the canopy film should in time be started aeration-cooling.
Guarantee that as far as possible temperature of shed is not less than 5 ℃, the concrete insulation of each growth period requires as follows: the insulation initial stage: 28 ℃-30 ℃ of daytimes, 12 ℃-15 ℃ of nights; During aobvious flower bud: 25 ℃-28 ℃ of daytimes, 10 ℃-15 ℃ of nights, flowering stage: 23 ℃-25 ℃ of daytimes, 8 ℃-10 ℃ of nights; Fruit and maturing stage: 20 ℃-25 ℃ of daytimes, 6 ℃-8 ℃ of nights.
5, humidity control in the facility plastic greenhouse
Regulate humidity in the facility by taking off the membrane cover film.At the insulation initial stage, humidity is controlled at 85%-90% in the canopy; In flowering stage, the interior humidity of canopy is controlled at about 40% and is advisable; Fruit and maturing stage, humidity can be controlled in 60%-70%.
6, plant and flower and fruit management
In time extract dead leaf, Lao Ye, stolon and cripetura stem paraclade.5-6d puts into honeybee before blooming, and puts a beehive with 0.5 mu of ground and is advisable.Must guard against the spray medicine during putting honeybee, need before the spray medicine, beehive to be moved on to outside the canopy, again beehive is moved in the canopy in a week behind the spray medicine.The whole florescence all can be carried out flower thinning, and fruit thinning should begin expanding stage at young fruit and carry out, and in time removes senior flower and senior fruit, should dredge malformed fruit and sick wormed fruit during the growth result.
7, the extermination of disease and insect pest
According to the policy of " putting prevention first integrated control ", with kill pathogen, worm is former attaches most importance to, take cultural control as the basis, chemical control is the auxiliary control of carrying out the strawberry damage by disease and insect.Diseases of Strawberry mainly contains: virus disease, anthracnose, powdery mildew, gray mold, snake eye disease, zonate spot, verticillium wilt; Insect pest mainly contains: tetranychid, chafer, aphid, prodenia litura.When using Agro-chemicals control, should note using method and the safety interval of medicament.
8, strawberry is gathered
According to different determining different harvest maturity season, December to mid-February, be advisable with ninety percent ripe gathering, gather with medium well in 3 to April; Gather with medium well May.Fruit maturity determines according to fruit face colouring degree, and it is seven, eight, ninety percent ripe that the fruit face colouring is respectively when reaching 70%, 80%, 90%.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the cultivation method of a strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation elimination continuous cropping obstacles is characterized in that, this cultivation method comprises following implementation step;
The first step: in conjunction with the strawberry cultivars characteristic, carry out by the end of August then field planting to mid-September, realize that strawberry from gathering before and after by the end of December then, finished at the beginning of 5 months next years; And in time remove strawberry, field ploughed pat, form flat furrow, middle with build the ridge all around, the ridge is higher than about 30 centimetres on flat furrow surface all around;
Second step: next year early March begin the Pregermination and seedling breeding of water caltrop, utilize the daylight warm type big shack of covered with plastic film, build stalk all around, make base manure with fertilizer, upper water is ploughed and is patted, and forms to be higher than 0.3～0.4 meter dark nursery pond in flat furrow surface; The shallow water water caltrop generally carries out field planting about 45 days after planting, 2～3 young plants are bundled into a branch of for subsequent use, it is transplanted to the strawberry plot of putting in order, with 0.6～0.8 meter of line-spacing, 0.6～0.8 meter of equal hill spacing, 2～3 strains of every cave are transplanted, and are inserted into field planting in the soil, then pour water to keeping 10～25cm water level;
The 3rd step: the water caltrop of gathering stalk, water caltrop be to early and middle ten days in August next year, apply fertilizer after water caltrop is gathered or the farmyard manure that ferments as base manure, plough ridging, prepare strawberry field planting and the production in the current year.
2. strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, field is ploughed pat, and forms the flat furrow that fall " saying " shape.
3. strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the nursery pond depth of water generally remains on 10～20cm, and the mode that adopts full railway carriage or compartment to disseminate is sowed 80～100 kilograms of per 667 square metres of sowing quantities.
4. strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the field planting method that this cultivation method adopts is:
Breeding is planted in choosing: should select flower bud differentiation early, cold-resistant, high yield, colory kind.Strawberry self-flowering fruiting power is strong, and one to two other pollinated variety of also can arranging in pairs or groups is to improve output;
Fertilising bedding: after water caltrop is gathered end, in conjunction with high-quality farmyard manure 2000kg-3000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer power (5: 5: the 2.5) 30kg-40kg that every mu of plowed soils becomes thoroughly decomposed, superphosphate 40kg.Plough later artificial or machine trench digging bedding, the high 20cm-30cm of furrow, furrow face width 60cm-80cm, furrow furrow width 30cm-40cm;
The production seedling is selected: select the stolon seedling of the well developed root system of being bred as maternal plant by virus-free healthy and strong plant, the new then pumping of stem rugosity more than 0.7 as the current year's production seedling;
Play transplantation of seedlings: Flower Bud Differentiation of Strawberry begins the phase, generally plays by the end of August transplantation of seedlings to mid-September; For promoting slow seedling, transplant that preferably being chosen at the cloudy day carries out, with rising with fortune with cultivation.Note in transit ventilation and heat, anti-extrusion, anti-tanning by the sun; Every ridge cultivation 2 row according to the size of seedling, are determined planting density by every mu of 6000 strain to 8000 strains, and spacing in the rows is about about 20cm; Make the root system full extension when planting in planting pit, the depth of planting is watered the real rear seedling heart of depositing in water and is advisable a little more than the soil table to banket; The attention orientation is planted, and is about to the crooked convex surface of rhizome section towards furrow ditch one side; In time water after the transplanting, heavy real to promote soil, accelerate alive of strawberry; Sooner or later water little water 1-2 2-3 days every days after being generally cultivation, and change later on 2-3 days into and water water one time, the furrow irrigation moisturizing, water is not gone up furrow, naturally falls dried, to keep the humidity of soil.
5. strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the field management method that this cultivation method adopts is:
Plastic mulching: select unregistered land film or black and white two facial masks, according to plant growth condition and temperature, determine the plastic film mulch time, generally about October 20, after the plastic film mulch immediately rupture of membranes carry seedling; Before beginning insulation, the mulch film two ends are fixed on the shoulder of railway carriage or compartment; After the insulation beginning, put down mulch film, cover the railway carriage or compartment ditch, full garden covers;
Topdress: before spreading, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 8kg, and the N-P-K content ratio is 15: 10: 15; First fruit expanding period with gather the initial stage, and each batch fruit expanding period is topdressed respectively later on, every mu of nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer 10kg; Dig up the roots outside outer the topdressing, should adopt fertilizer applicator, apply in conjunction with pouring water;
Water management: slight irrigation or filling form are carried out moisturizing under the employing mulch film; Usually pour water once every 7d-10d after the plastic mulching, irrigate with the 0.75kw water pump for every mu, the 1h-2h that at every turn pours water, can be observed the strawberry leaf margin morning next day the water droplet phenomenon;
Temperature treatment: begin to cover canopy film insulation during 16 ℃ of left and right sides of mean temperature of air, be generally at the beginning of late October to 11 month; When ambient temperature is about to drop to 0 ℃, in time cover with hut or middle canopy and carry out Double insulating; When temperature further reduces, cover other insulation materials at hut again, such as straw screen or mat, without preventing cloth etc.; When temperature of shed surpasses when temperature required, the canopy film should in time be started aeration-cooling;
Humidity control in the facility plastic greenhouse: regulate humidity in the facility by taking off the membrane cover film; At the insulation initial stage, humidity is controlled at 85%-90% in the canopy; In flowering stage, the interior humidity of canopy is controlled at about 40% and is advisable; Fruit and maturing stage, humidity can be controlled in 60%-70%;
Plant and flower and fruit management: in time extract dead leaf, Lao Ye, stolon and cripetura stem paraclade; 5-6d puts into honeybee before blooming, and puts a beehive with 0.5 mu of ground and is advisable; Must guard against the spray medicine during putting honeybee, need before the spray medicine, beehive to be moved on to outside the canopy, again beehive is moved in the canopy in a week behind the spray medicine; The whole florescence all can be carried out flower thinning, and fruit thinning should begin expanding stage at young fruit and carry out, and in time removes senior flower and senior fruit, should dredge malformed fruit and sick wormed fruit during the growth result;
The extermination of disease and insect pest: according to the policy of " putting prevention first integrated control ", with kill pathogen, worm is former attaches most importance to, take cultural control as the basis, chemical control is the auxiliary control of carrying out the strawberry damage by disease and insect; Diseases of Strawberry mainly contains: virus disease, anthracnose, powdery mildew, gray mold, snake eye disease, zonate spot, verticillium wilt; Insect pest mainly contains: tetranychid, chafer, aphid, prodenia litura; When using Agro-chemicals control, should note using method and the safety interval of medicament;
Strawberry is gathered: according to different determining different harvest maturity season, December to mid-February, be advisable with ninety percent ripe gathering, gather with medium well in 3 to April; Gather with medium well May; Fruit maturity determines according to fruit face colouring degree, and it is seven, eight, ninety percent ripe that the fruit face colouring is respectively when reaching 70%, 80%, 90%.
6. strawberry water caltrop rice field-upland field rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, guarantees that temperature of shed is not less than 5 ℃, and the concrete insulation of each growth period requires as follows: the insulation initial stage: 28 ℃-30 ℃ of daytimes, 12 ℃-15 ℃ of nights; During aobvious flower bud: 25 ℃-28 ℃ of daytimes, 10 ℃-15 ℃ of nights, flowering stage: 23 ℃-25 ℃ of daytimes, 8 ℃-10 ℃ of nights; Fruit and maturing stage: 20 ℃-25 ℃ of daytimes, 6 ℃-8 ℃ of nights.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210402126.2A CN102893786B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210402126.2A CN102893786B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102893786A true CN102893786A (en) | 2013-01-30 |
| CN102893786B CN102893786B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
Family
ID=47566508
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210402126.2A Expired - Fee Related CN102893786B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102893786B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103444426A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 句容市植保植检站 | Efficient ecological planting and breeding method for greenhouse strawberries |
| CN103843565A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-11 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | High ridge for planting strawberries and planting method |
| CN103960017A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-06 | 吴江市同里镇生元水八仙蔬菜专业合作社 | Water chestnut cultivation method |
| CN105917945A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-07 | 杨建冬 | Method for planting strawberries in greenhouse |
| CN107047019A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-18 | 陈育财 | A kind of introduction and cultivation method of New Strawberry Variety |
| CN109089781A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-28 | 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 | A kind of strawberry water-saving irrigation cultural method |
| CN111742796A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-10-09 | 海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Method for improving soil by rotation of leafy vegetables and aquatic vegetables in paddy field and dry field and detection method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102283007A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2011-12-21 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Strawberry-water spinach paddy and dry field rotation cultivation method |
| CN102523902A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-04 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | High yield cultivation method for interplanting strawberries and melons |
| CN102550276A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-11 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | Method for interplanting strawberry with tomato and cabbage |
| CN102550278A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-11 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | High-yield method for interplanting strawberry with corn |
-
2012
- 2012-10-22 CN CN201210402126.2A patent/CN102893786B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102283007A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2011-12-21 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Strawberry-water spinach paddy and dry field rotation cultivation method |
| CN102523902A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-04 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | High yield cultivation method for interplanting strawberries and melons |
| CN102550276A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-11 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | Method for interplanting strawberry with tomato and cabbage |
| CN102550278A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-11 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | High-yield method for interplanting strawberry with corn |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 佚名: "草莓与水生蔬菜轮作栽培技术现场观摩交流会在溧水植物基地召开", 《江苏省农业科学院HTTP://HOME.JAAS.AC.CN/ARTICLE/NEWS/201207/5440》 * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103444426A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 句容市植保植检站 | Efficient ecological planting and breeding method for greenhouse strawberries |
| CN103444426B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-07-22 | 句容市植保植检站 | Efficient ecological planting and breeding method for greenhouse strawberries |
| CN103843565A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-11 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | High ridge for planting strawberries and planting method |
| CN103843565B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-07-15 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | High ridge for planting strawberries and planting method |
| CN103960017A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-06 | 吴江市同里镇生元水八仙蔬菜专业合作社 | Water chestnut cultivation method |
| CN105917945A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-07 | 杨建冬 | Method for planting strawberries in greenhouse |
| CN107047019A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-18 | 陈育财 | A kind of introduction and cultivation method of New Strawberry Variety |
| CN109089781A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-28 | 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 | A kind of strawberry water-saving irrigation cultural method |
| CN111742796A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-10-09 | 海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Method for improving soil by rotation of leafy vegetables and aquatic vegetables in paddy field and dry field and detection method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102893786B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102283007B (en) | " strawberry-swamp cabbage " rice field-upland field rotation cultivation method | |
| CN102227996B (en) | Three-dimensional planting method of kiwi fruit trees and tea trees | |
| CN103262736B (en) | High-efficiency production-increasing codonopsis pilosula cultivation method | |
| CN104126396B (en) | A kind ofly breed the method for apple Qiaoization clone roundleaf Malus spectabilis from root anvil seedling | |
| CN102893786B (en) | Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts | |
| CN102919045A (en) | Fructus momordicae high-yield cultivation technology allowing fructus momordicae to be planted one time and harvested two times in year | |
| CN105594412A (en) | Cultivation method of edible chrysanthemum flowers | |
| CN103461049A (en) | Protective cultivation technique for rice | |
| CN102960138A (en) | Cultivation method of cress | |
| CN105532237A (en) | Standardization planting technology of cold-highland-area aconitum vilmorimianum kom | |
| CN101185394A (en) | High quality high-efficiency cultivation method for imperial crown watermelon | |
| CN103283554B (en) | Method for landscaping by utilizing sweet persimmon trees | |
| CN107896862A (en) | A kind of greenhouse strawberry High efficiency and high quality cultivation technology | |
| CN103503688A (en) | Artificial cultivation method for traditional Chinese medicine himalayan teasel root | |
| CN105960976A (en) | Early sowing potato planting method | |
| CN105145232A (en) | Excellent and labor-saving train cultivation method for figs | |
| CN108575589B (en) | Method for realizing continuous crop rotation of four crops by integrating water, fertilizer and pesticide in sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN104969766A (en) | Method for planting strawberry | |
| CN108713435A (en) | A kind of cultural method of organic tea | |
| CN109757274B (en) | High-yield and high-efficiency transplanting method for momordica grosvenori tissue culture seedlings | |
| CN109874627A (en) | A kind of Spring Peanut Biodegradable mulch trickle irrigation implantation methods | |
| KR20160136196A (en) | Growing methods of Saururus chinensis Baill as an alternative crop of hot pepper cultivated in rural, mountainous and remote areas near rivers or lakes | |
| CN108401808A (en) | Greenhouse watermelon and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method | |
| CN105660080A (en) | Large-scale mint cultivation method | |
| CN104686136A (en) | Cut-flower paeonia rockii cultivating and flower cutting method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150422 Termination date: 20151022 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |