CN103843565B - High ridge for planting strawberries and planting method - Google Patents
High ridge for planting strawberries and planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103843565B CN103843565B CN201410083696.9A CN201410083696A CN103843565B CN 103843565 B CN103843565 B CN 103843565B CN 201410083696 A CN201410083696 A CN 201410083696A CN 103843565 B CN103843565 B CN 103843565B
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Abstract
The invention provides a high ridge for planting strawberries and a planting method. A ridge body of the high ridge for planting the strawberries extends along an east-west direction, a ridge body mulch covers the ridge body, a drip irrigation zone (tube) is laid on a ridge surface, the north side of the ridge body is high and the south side of the ridge body is low, the south side of the ridge is arc-shaped, the inclination of the ridge surface is greater than 0 degree and not more than 10 degrees, the width of the ridge surface in a horizontal direction is 60 cm, and the height of the ridge is 30-40 cm. Two rows of the strawberries are planted on the high ridge for planting the strawberries in a T-shaped manner, so that farm operation is more convenient and labor-saving, the strawberries are advanced in mature period, high in yield and good in quality, and the fruits have continuous stubbles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture field, specifically, relate to a kind of strawberry cultivating high ridge and implantation methods.
Background technology
Rapidly, the main greenhouse by solar heat facility that adopts is planted, and cultivated area 8000 mu, producing strawberry 1,500 ten thousand kilograms per year, is the important industry of suburb of Beijing increasing peasant income in Beijing area Strawberry industry development.
The plantation of strawberry greenhouse by solar heat adopts north-south high ridge cropping pattern usually, and line-spacing 80 ~ 90 centimetres, furrow width 25 centimetres, ridge is high 30 ~ 40 centimetres, furrow face width 40 centimetres.Strawberry adopts duplicate rows T-shaped to plant, respectively distance 10 centimetres, limit, ridge, both sides, spacing in the rows 16 ~ 20 centimetres, line-spacing 20 centimetres.During strawberry field planting, outwards, fruit hangs down in both sides, ridge the back of a bow.1 or 2 irrigate bands (pipe) are installed in every ridge.
Utilize north-south high ridge plantation strawberry, strawberry light is relatively more even, but when farming operation and harvesting, often move around position, wastes time and energy, and inconvenient machinery carries out doing the operation such as furrow, laxative.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of strawberry cultivating high ridge and implantation methods.
In order to realize the object of the invention, first the present invention provides a kind of strawberry cultivating high ridge, and the ridge body of described high ridge prolongs east-west direction and extends, and ridge body is coated with ridge body mulch film, face, ridge is equipped with irrigate band (pipe), body north side, ridge is high, and southern side is low, and southern side, ridge is arc, ridge plane inclination is greater than 0 degree, be less than or equal to 10 degree, face, ridge horizontal direction width is 60 centimetres, and ridge is high 30 ~ 40 centimetres.
As preferably, face, ridge, described high ridge north side is high 40 centimetres, and face, ridge, southern side is high 30 centimetres, and face, ridge horizontal direction wide is 60 centimetres, and on ridge, height of formation difference is the inclined-plane of 10 centimetres.
As preferably, 2 irrigate bands (pipe) are laid in face, body ridge, each ridge.
As preferably, the row spacing between the body of described ridge is 1.1 ~ 1.2 meters.
Present invention also offers a kind of strawberry cultivation method, by the field planting of strawberry duplicate rows T-shaped on aforementioned high ridge, distance 10 centimetres, limit, ridge, both sides respectively, the back of a bow is all towards southern side, and north side strawberry result is in ridge central authorities, and southern side strawberry fruit hangs down in southern side, ridge.Be called thing high ridge south orientation resulting schema.For avoiding strawberry to contact mulch film, reducing the generation causing gray mold because of ridge area water, laying straw or plastic septum in face, ridge.
Further, establish 2 irrigate bands (pipe) during plantation, be placed on the north side of two row strawberries respectively, distance 5 centimetres, rhizome portion.
Further, before strawberry field planting, carry out site preparation and fertilization, after strawberry field planting, carry out daily management, supplementary pollination, temperature and humidity management, water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest;
Wherein, described site preparation and fertilization is: every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields the farmyard manure 3000 kilograms ~ 5000 kilograms that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed or spreads fertilizer over the fields organic commercial fertilizer 800 kilograms ~ 1500 kilograms according to the description of product, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 30 kilograms ~ 40 kilograms, superphosphate 30 kilograms ~ 40 kilograms makees base fertilizer, with the dark rotary tillage of rotovator.
Wherein, described strawberry field planting is: select kind pure, healthy and strong, without damage by disease and insect, there are more than 4 functional leafs, thick more than 0.8 centimetre of new stem, the seedling of well developed root system.Remove the Lao Ye on seedling, sick leaf and stolon, the wide-spectrum bactericide such as use Amici to reach after arrangement is to seedling disinfection.Then duplicate rows T-shaped field planting, hunchbacked all towards southern side, spacing in the rows 20 centimetres.Accomplish " deeply not burying the heart, shallow not crab rooting ", water sufficient field planting water afterwards.
Wherein, described daily management is: in strawberry process of growth, should remove stolon, Lao Ye and sick leaf in time.Need to intertill before overlay film after slow seedling.While intertillage is loosened the soil, should note repairing strawberry ridge, ensure the smooth of the complete and face, ridge of strawberry ridge type.After plant poppyhead sequence pumping, according to space between plants and strawberry growing way, each plant is chosen 1 ~ 2 good lateral bud in sturdy and direction and retains, and remaining is all extractd.The phase of yielding positive results will note flower and fruit thinning.Arrange inflorescence, make flower and fruit fully see light, and keep ventilating.For avoiding strawberry to contact mulch film, reducing the generation causing gray mold because of ridge area water, laying straw or plastic septum in face, ridge.
Wherein, described supplementary pollination is: one week before flowering, be placed on by beehive in the middle part of greenhouse, and bee numbers is advisable with strain strawberry honeybee.
Wherein, described temperature and humidity management is: at strawberry nutrition vegetative stage, remains on 26 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C daytime, controls night at 15 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C; After plant buddings, daytime temperature remains on 25 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, controls night at 8 DEG C ~ 12 DEG C; Enter the florescence, remain on 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C daytime, control night at 8 DEG C ~ 10 DEG C; Fruit expanding period, remains on 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C daytime, controls night at 6 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C; The fruit harvest phase, remain on 20 DEG C ~ 23 DEG C daytime, control night at 5 DEG C ~ 7 DEG C.Temperature and Humidity Control by button canopy film, covering film, add a cover thermal insulation quilt and regulating tuyere realizes.
Wherein, described water and fertilizer management is: adopt the Integration of Water into Fertilizer to carry out water and fertilizer management.Liquid manure is applied by drip irrigation.The water management of strawberry is principle with " dry and not non-irrigated, wet and not flooded ".Water according to weather condition, soil class and plant growing way.Base fertilizer is based on fertilizer and the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, and topdress based on nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (selection full water soluble fertilizer), supplements trace element fertilizer in right amount.After poppyhead sequence is buddingged, poppyhead sequence fruit starts to turn and expands in vain, imposes before and after fruit harvesting, within every about 10 ~ 14 days, topdresses once or imposes depending on strawberry growing way later at fruiting period.
Wherein, the described extermination of disease and insect pest is: Diseases of Strawberry mainly contains powdery mildew, gray mold, anthracnose and root rot.Insect pest mainly contains aphid, two spotted spider mite and thrips.Policy that the extermination of disease and insect pest is followed " put prevention first, integrated control ", preferentially selects cultural control, physical control and biological control method, scientifical use chemical control.
Further, when ambient temperature is down to 8 DEG C ~ 10 DEG C, cover canopy film, covering film afterwards, when ambient temperature is down to about 5 DEG C, adds a cover thermal insulation quilt, prevents emergent frost from producing harm to strawberry.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention by improving ridge type, ridge body bearing of trend and cultivation method, have the strawberry fruit maturing stage in advance, the advantage of high, the continuous stubble of quality better, fruit of output.East and West direction extends ridge body, and farming more convenient operation such as making strawberry split leaf, prune, gather is more laborsaving, and has effect of going sightseeing preferably.The angle of inclination in face, ridge also improves the illumination condition of north side strawberry fruit, avoids southern side strawberry to the shading of north side fruit, and Yield of Strawberry comparatively improves 8% ~ 30% without face, inclination ridge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of strawberry cultivating raised bed cultivate canopy in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the ridge body side cutaway view of strawberry cultivating high ridge of the present invention;
Wherein: 1-is ridge body; 2-is ridge body mulch film; 3-is irrigate band (pipe).
Fig. 3 is the overall structure schematic diagram of strawberry cultivating raised bed cultivate canopy described in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the ridge body side cutaway view of comparative example 1 strawberry cultivating high ridge of the present invention.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1 thing high ridge south orientation resulting schema strawberry cultivating high ridge
Cultivation greenhouse is provided with rear wall and frame, the ridge body (see figure 1) that 4 row east-west directions extend is provided with in greenhouse, row spacing 1.1 ~ 1.2 meters, face, ridge horizontal direction wide is 60 centimetres, and north side, face, ridge is high, southern side is low, face, ridge, north side is high 40 centimetres, face, ridge, southern side is high 30 centimetres, and on ridge, height of formation difference is the inclined-plane of 10 centimetres, and inclined-plane does flat, avoid ponding, the gradient is about 10 degree.Southern side, ridge is arc, avoids fruit branch to fracture, and ridge body is coated with ridge body mulch film, and face, ridge is equipped with the north side that 2 irrigate bands (pipe) are placed on 2 row strawberries respectively, distance rhizome portion 5 cm (see figure 2).The field planting of strawberry duplicate rows T-shaped, respectively distance 10 centimetres, limit, ridge, both sides, the back of a bow is all towards southern side, and north side strawberry result is in ridge central authorities, and southern side strawberry fruit hangs down in southern side, ridge.The strawberry per mu yield of this plantation high ridge and implantation methods is adopted to be 1756 kilograms.
Face, comparative example 1 thing high ridge ridge resulting schema strawberry cultivating high ridge
Cultivation greenhouse is provided with rear wall and frame, the ridge body (see figure 3) that 4 row east-west directions extend is provided with in greenhouse, row spacing 1.1 ~ 1.2 meters, ridge face width 60 centimetres, ridge is high 30 ~ 40 centimetres, ridge body is coated with ridge body mulch film, face, ridge is equipped with the inner side that 2 irrigate bands (pipe) are placed on strawberry ridge, respectively distance strawberry rhizome portion 5 cm (see figure 4).The field planting of strawberry duplicate rows T-shaped, respectively distance 10 centimetres, limit, ridge, both sides, the back of a bow is all towards in ridge, and strawberry result is on face, ridge.The strawberry per mu yield of this plantation high ridge and implantation methods is adopted to be 1621 kilograms.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a strawberry cultivating high ridge, it is characterized in that, the ridge body (1) of described high ridge extends along east-west direction, ridge body is coated with ridge body mulch film (2), face, ridge is equipped with irrigate band (3), body north side, ridge is high, and southern side is low, and southern side, ridge is arc, ridge plane inclination is greater than 0 degree, be less than or equal to 10 degree, face, ridge horizontal direction width is 60 centimetres, and ridge is high 30 ~ 40 centimetres.
2. strawberry cultivating high ridge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, face, ridge, described high ridge north side is high 40 centimetres, and face, ridge, southern side is high 30 centimetres, and face, ridge horizontal direction wide is 60 centimetres, and on ridge, height of formation difference is the inclined-plane of 10 centimetres.
3. strawberry cultivating high ridge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 2 irrigate bands are laid in face, body ridge, each ridge.
4. strawberry cultivating high ridge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the row spacing between the body of described ridge is 1.1 ~ 1.2 meters.
5. a strawberry cultivation method, is characterized in that, by the field planting of strawberry duplicate rows T-shaped on the high ridge described in any one of Claims 1 to 4, distance 10 centimetres, limit, ridge, both sides respectively, the back of a bow is all towards southern side, and north side strawberry result is in ridge central authorities, and southern side strawberry fruit hangs down in southern side, ridge.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, is equipped with straw or plastic septum in face, ridge, avoids strawberry to contact mulch film.
7. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, if 2 irrigate bands, is placed on the north side of two row strawberries respectively, distance 5 centimetres, rhizome portion.
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| CN201410083696.9A CN103843565B (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | High ridge for planting strawberries and planting method |
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| CN104380988A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-04 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | Greenhouse strawberry water and fertilizer integral fertilizer applying method |
| BE1022306B1 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-03-15 | A.I.R.T. Bvba | METHOD FOR PROCESSING FULL GROUND |
| CN104823624A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-08-12 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Hygienized strawberry cultivating method |
| CN105165301A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-12-23 | 太仓市孙桥三苏草莓生产专业合作社 | Culture method for pollution-free milky strawberries |
| CN105284395A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-03 | 周祖彪 | Strawberry planting method |
| CN106212002A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of improve Radix Notoginseng comprehensive benefit use water method |
| CN107873422A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-06 | 松潘蓝迦梅朵农业科技有限责任公司 | In the method for highlands production high-quality summer strawberry |
| CN108076985A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-29 | 河南中威高科技化工有限公司 | Strawberry is colonized method for transplanting |
| CN113068576A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 北京天润园农业发展有限公司 | Strawberry planting and cultivating method |
| CN113079975B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-10-25 | 中国农业大学 | Greenhouse tomato opportunistic east-west planting method |
| CN115486333A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-20 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Open field strawberry small slope seedling management and control method |
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