CN106332629A - Planting method for high and stable yield of cowpeas - Google Patents
Planting method for high and stable yield of cowpeas Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 241000219977 Vigna Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 235000010726 Vigna sinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 206010033546 Pallor Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 10
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000021332 kidney beans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000422 nocturnal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001468872 Fumagospora capnodioides Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000545442 Radix Species 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZGBSOTLWHZQNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].S(O)(O)(=O)=O Chemical compound [Mg].S(O)(O)(=O)=O ZGBSOTLWHZQNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012567 medical material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000245240 Lonicera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- CZCSLHYZEQSUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].OB(O)O Chemical compound [Na].OB(O)O CZCSLHYZEQSUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000165940 Houjia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000013123 dwarf bean Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for high and stable yield of cowpeas. The planting method comprises the following steps: 1) carrying out seed treatment and seedling cultivation: selecting cowpea seeds which are large and plump in grains and free of diseases, pests and damage, blanching the cowpea seeds in hot water, and placing the cowpea seeds in a nutrient solution to be soaked; sowing the cowpea seeds in nursery seedling plates, covering the seeds with fine dung and dirt, and covering with mulching films, controlling daytime temperature and nighttime temperature, hardening seedlings after growing tidily for 4 to 5 days, and waiting for field planting when forming two leaves; 2) carrying out soil treatment and field planting: selecting soil which is deep in soil layer and convenient to drain and irrigate, and performing soil preparation before 10 to 15 days of the field planting; using high-ridge cultivation, and arranging multiple cultivation holes, wherein 2 to 3 seedlings are planted in each cultivation hole and sealed by mud, and the nutrient solution which is used once is sprayed around the cultivation holes; 3) carrying out field management. The planting method for the high and stable yield of the cowpeas can improve the yield and quality of the cowpeas and has good popularization values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation.It is more particularly related to a kind of stable high yield plantation side of Semen vignae sinensiss
Method.
Background technology
Semen vignae sinensiss, belong to pulse family Vigna annual herb plant.Semen vignae sinensiss are edible with green bean, and its nutrition is abundanter, can
Stir-fry and eat, cold and dressed with sauce, salting, processing pickles and dry in the sun fresh kidney beans are done.Semen vignae sinensiss all have extensive plantation in China various places, and not only area is big, model
Enclose wide, and generally like edible, become one of vegetables of summer and autumn.Yet with not conforming to of existing Semen vignae sinensiss implantation methods
Reason and not science, adverse weather conditions, seedling quality are inferior, science and disease pest harm are serious etc. for barren soil, cultivation management
Many reasons, lead to the Semen vignae sinensiss harvesting to yield poorly with of poor quality it is impossible to meet the market demand.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solution at least the above, and provide the advantage that at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss, it can improve the product of Semen vignae sinensiss
Amount and quality, the promotional value having had.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, there is provided a kind of stable high yield plantation side of Semen vignae sinensiss
Method, comprises the following steps:
1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select that grain is full greatly, no disease pest, unabroken cowpea seed, blanching and then rapid in 75～80 DEG C of hot water
Cooling, is placed in 25～30 DEG C of nutritional solution immersion 4～6h, drains, the nutrition after the seed after separating treatment and first use
Liquid, stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 10～20 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 10～20 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 25～30 weight portions
Flos Caryophylli and 25～30 weight portion Flos Loniceraes add immersion 2～3h in 100 weight portion water, turn and boil by slow fire extremely after boiling by intense fire
Liquid level is flushed with medical material surface, separates to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 30～40 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 4～6 parts sulfuric acid
Magnesium, 20～25 weight portion calcium nitrates, 1～2 part by weight of boric acid sodium, 1～2 weight portion zinc molybdate add in 100 weight portion water, then
Add medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave 2～3 kinds of point, covered seed, coverd with mulch film with thin muck, control temperature in the daytime
Degree 25～30 DEG C, 15～20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, remove mulch film after half seed is unearthed, control 20～25 DEG C of daytime temperature, night
Between 18～22 DEG C of temperature, Qi Miao seedling exercising after 4～5 days, formed two panels leaf when wait field planting；
2) soil treatment and field planting:
C, select that soil layer is deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, be colonized first 10～15 days site preparations, make railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m,
The ditch of deep 0.4m, soil conditioner is imbedded in ditch, earthing, to ditch depth 0.3m, applies weight than having for 1000～1500:40:20
The base manure that machine fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 20～30 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 10～20 weight portion needle mushroom dreg,
10～20 weight portion medicinal residues, 10～20 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 10～20 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 3～5 weight portion saws
End, 10～15 weight portion kieselguhr, 10～15 weight portion Maifanitums and 1～2 weight portion em microbial inoculum mixing stacking, into buttress
It is passed through air, controls temperature in buttress to be less than 60 DEG C, stacking, holding 28～35 days again, obtains final product after stirring in 7 days；
D, using high ridge cultivation arrange multiple cultivation caves, hill spacing 60～80cm, line-spacing 1.5～2m, 2～3 plants of every cave, soil
Sealing, the nutritional solution after first use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding；
3) field management:
E, final singling topdress weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer, final singling 21 for the first time in main root both sides 3～5cm trench digging in 14 days
It is that 5～10cm trench digging topdresses weight for the second time than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer in main root radius, and florescence in main root radius is
10～15cm trench digging third time topdresses weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, harvests for the first time, third time harvests
After fresh kidney beans main root radius be 10～15cm ditch the 4th time, the 5th time topdress weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:0.5:1, phosphate fertilizer,
Potash fertilizer；
F, sooty mould their early stage spray 800 times of carbendazols, and rust their early stage sprays 200 times of 50% sulfur suspending agent
Liquid, powdery mildew their early stage sprays 70% 500 times of liquid of first support wettable powder.
Preferably, the stable high yield implantation methods of described Semen vignae sinensiss, step 1) in a, the seed after separating treatment uses reed
Luxuriant growth gel coats, and is placed in cool environment and air-dries.
Preferably, the stable high yield implantation methods of described Semen vignae sinensiss, step 2) in c, molasses waste liquid is cane sugar manufacture mistake
The waste liquid producing in journey.
Preferably, the stable high yield implantation methods of described Semen vignae sinensiss, step 2) in c, Maifanitum is to air-dry more than 2 months
Granule after broken.
Preferably, the stable high yield implantation methods of described Semen vignae sinensiss, step 2) in c, stacking procedure is passed through sky into buttress
The amount of gas is 1l/min.
Preferably, the stable high yield implantation methods of described Semen vignae sinensiss, step 3) in e, after for the first time～five time is topdressed,
Herba Eichhorniae is laid on ditch.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect: soaks cowpea seed using nutritional solution, beneficial to germination with kill
It is attached to worm's ovum on kind of skin, pathogenic bacteria, using high-temperature sterilization " swollen seed " sowing, effect very well, need not broadcast front accelerating germination；Using soil
Modifying agent improves the trace element ratio of soil, changes Soil structure, fluffy soil, retain water and nutrients, and provide Semen vignae sinensiss growth must
Want microorganism；Using fixed quantity fertilising, utilization rate of fertilizer can be effectively improved, improve yield and the quality of fresh kidney beans, have good
Good application prospect.
Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, and part also will be by this
Invention research and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art with reference to description
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be noted that experimental technique described in following embodiments, if no special instructions, it is conventional method, institute
State reagent and material, if no special instructions, all commercially obtain.
<embodiment 1>
A kind of stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss, comprise the following steps:
(1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select that grain is full greatly, no disease pest, unabroken cowpea seed, blanching and then cold rapidly in 75 DEG C of hot water
But, be placed in 25 DEG C of nutritional solution immersion 4h, drain, the nutritional solution after the seed after separating treatment and first use, separate at
Seed after reason is coated with Aloe gel, is placed in cool environment and air-dries, stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 10 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, the 10 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 25 weight portion Flos Caryophyllis and 25
Weight portion Flos Lonicerae adds in 100 weight portion water soaks 2h, turns slow fire boiling to liquid level and flush with medical material surface after boiling by intense fire,
Separate to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 30 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 4 parts sulfuric acid magnesium, 20 weight portion calcium nitrates, 1 weight portion boron
Sour sodium, 1 weight portion zinc molybdate add in 100 weight portion water, are subsequently adding medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave 2 kinds of point, covered seed, coverd with mulch film with thin muck, control daytime temperature 25
DEG C, 15 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, remove mulch film after half seed is unearthed, control 20 DEG C of daytime temperature, 18 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, Qi Miao 4
Seedling exercising after it, forms and waits field planting during two panels leaf；
(2) soil treatment and field planting:
C, selection soil layer are deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, are colonized first 10 days site preparations, make railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m, depth
The ditch of 0.4m, soil conditioner is imbedded in ditch, earthing, to ditch depth 0.3m, applies weight than the fertilizer for 1000:40:20, mistake
The base manure that calcium phosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 20 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 10 weight portion needle mushroom dreg, 10 weight portions
Medicinal residues, 10 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 10 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 3 weight portion sawdusts, 10 weight portion kieselguhr, 10 weight
Part Maifanitum and 1 weight portion em microbial inoculum mixing stacking, wherein, molasses waste liquid is the waste liquid of generation during cane sugar manufacture；Wheat
Meal stone is the granule after air-drying more than 2 months broken；It is passed through air into buttress, the amount being passed through air is 1l/min, controls in buttress
Temperature is less than 60 DEG C, and after stirring in 7 days, stacking, holding 28 days again, obtains final product；
D, using high ridge cultivation arrange multiple cultivation caves, hill spacing 60cm, line-spacing 1.5m, 2 plants of every cave, soil seal, by one
Nutritional solution after secondary use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding；
(3) field management:
E, final singling topdress weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer, final singling 21 for the first time in main root both sides 3～5cm trench digging in 14 days
It topdresses weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer in main root radius for the second time for 5cm trench digging, and florescence is 10cm in main root radius
Trench digging third time topdresses weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, harvest for the first time, third time harvest after fresh kidney beans
Ditch the 4th time, the 5th time for 10cm in main root radius and topdress weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:0.5:1, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer；For the first time～
After 5th time is topdressed, Herba Eichhorniae is laid on ditch；
F, sooty mould their early stage spray 800 times of carbendazols, and rust their early stage sprays 200 times of 50% sulfur suspending agent
Liquid, powdery mildew their early stage sprays 70% 500 times of liquid of first support wettable powder.
<embodiment 2>
A kind of stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss, comprise the following steps:
(1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select that grain is full greatly, no disease pest, unabroken cowpea seed, blanching and then cold rapidly in 80 DEG C of hot water
But, be placed in 30 DEG C of nutritional solution immersion 6h, drain, the nutritional solution after the seed after separating treatment and first use, separate at
Seed after reason is coated with Aloe gel, is placed in cool environment and air-dries, stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 20 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, the 20 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 30 weight portion Flos Caryophyllis and 30
Weight portion Flos Lonicerae adds in 100 weight portion water soaks 3h, turns slow fire boiling to liquid level and flush with medical material surface after boiling by intense fire,
Separate to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 40 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 6 parts sulfuric acid magnesium, 25 weight portion calcium nitrates, 2 weight portion boron
Sour sodium, 2 weight portion zinc molybdates add in 100 weight portion water, are subsequently adding medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave 3 kinds of point, covered seed, coverd with mulch film with thin muck, control daytime temperature 30
DEG C, 20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, remove mulch film after half seed is unearthed, control 25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 22 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, Qi Miao 5
Seedling exercising after it, forms and waits field planting during two panels leaf；
(2) soil treatment and field planting:
C, selection soil layer are deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, are colonized first 15 days site preparations, make railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m, depth
The ditch of 0.4m, soil conditioner is imbedded in ditch, earthing, to ditch depth 0.3m, applies weight than the fertilizer for 1500:40:20, mistake
The base manure that calcium phosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 30 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 20 weight portion needle mushroom dreg, 20 weight portions
Medicinal residues, 20 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 20 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 5 weight portion sawdusts, 15 weight portion kieselguhr, 15 weight
Part Maifanitum and 2 weight portion em microbial inoculum mixing stackings, wherein, molasses waste liquid is the waste liquid of generation during cane sugar manufacture；Wheat
Meal stone is the granule after air-drying more than 2 months broken；It is passed through air into buttress, the amount being passed through air is 1l/min, controls in buttress
Temperature is less than 60 DEG C, and after stirring in 7 days, stacking, holding 35 days again, obtains final product；
D, using high ridge cultivation arrange multiple cultivation caves, hill spacing 80cm, line-spacing 2m, 3 plants of every cave, soil seal, will once
Nutritional solution after use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding；
(3) field management:
E, final singling topdress weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer, final singling 21 days for the first time in main root both sides 5cm trench digging in 14 days
Weight topdress for the second time than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer in main root radius for 10cm trench digging, florescence main root radius be 10～
15cm trench digging third time topdresses weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, harvests for the first time, third time harvests fresh kidney beans
It is being that 10～15cm ditches the 4th time, the 5th time and topdresses weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:0.5:1, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in main root radius afterwards；
After for the first time～five time is topdressed, Herba Eichhorniae is laid on ditch；
F, sooty mould their early stage spray 800 times of carbendazols, and rust their early stage sprays 200 times of 50% sulfur suspending agent
Liquid, powdery mildew their early stage sprays 70% 500 times of liquid of first support wettable powder.
<embodiment 3>
A kind of stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss, comprise the following steps:
(1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select that grain is full greatly, no disease pest, unabroken cowpea seed, blanching and then cold rapidly in 78 DEG C of hot water
But, be placed in 28 DEG C of nutritional solution immersion 5h, drain, the nutritional solution after the seed after separating treatment and first use, separate at
Seed after reason is coated with Aloe gel, is placed in cool environment and air-dries, stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 15 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, the 15 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 28 weight portion Flos Caryophyllis and 28
Weight portion Flos Lonicerae adds in 100 weight portion water soaks 2h, turns slow fire boiling to liquid level and flush with medical material surface after boiling by intense fire,
Separate to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 35 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 5 parts sulfuric acid magnesium, 22 weight portion calcium nitrates, 2 weight portion boron
Sour sodium, 2 weight portion zinc molybdates add in 100 weight portion water, are subsequently adding medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave 3 kinds of point, covered seed, coverd with mulch film with thin muck, control daytime temperature 28
DEG C, 18 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, remove mulch film after half seed is unearthed, control 22 DEG C of daytime temperature, 20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, Qi Miao 5
Seedling exercising after it, forms and waits field planting during two panels leaf；
(2) soil treatment and field planting:
C, selection soil layer are deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, are colonized first 12 days site preparations, make railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m, depth
The ditch of 0.4m, soil conditioner is imbedded in ditch, earthing, to ditch depth 0.3m, applies weight than the fertilizer for 1250:40:20, mistake
The base manure that calcium phosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 25 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 15 weight portion needle mushroom dreg, 15 weight portions
Medicinal residues, 15 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 15 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 4 weight portion sawdusts, 12 weight portion kieselguhr, 12 weight
Part Maifanitum and 1 weight portion em microbial inoculum mixing stacking, wherein, molasses waste liquid is the waste liquid of generation during cane sugar manufacture；Wheat
Meal stone is the granule after air-drying more than 2 months broken；It is passed through air into buttress, the amount being passed through air is 1l/min, controls in buttress
Temperature is less than 60 DEG C, and after stirring in 7 days, stacking, holding 30 days again, obtains final product；
D, using high ridge cultivation arrange multiple cultivation caves, hill spacing 70cm, line-spacing 1.8m, 3 plants of every cave, soil seal, by one
Nutritional solution after secondary use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding；
(3) field management:
E, final singling topdress weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer, final singling 21 days for the first time in main root both sides 4cm trench digging in 14 days
Weight topdress in main root radius for 8cm trench digging for the second time than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer, florescence opens for 12cm in main root radius
Ditch third time topdresses weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, harvest for the first time, third time harvest after fresh kidney beans
Main root radius is ditched the 4th time, the 5th time for 12cm and is topdressed weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:0.5:1, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer；For the first time～the
After five times are topdressed, Herba Eichhorniae is laid on ditch；
F, sooty mould their early stage spray 800 times of carbendazols, and rust their early stage sprays 200 times of 50% sulfur suspending agent
Liquid, powdery mildew their early stage sprays 70% 500 times of liquid of first support wettable powder.
<comparative example>
Select that grain is full greatly, no disease pest, unabroken cowpea seed, using traditional cultivation method, make to ratio.
<exterior quality test>
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example | |
| Bean length (cm) | 62 | 60.8 | 63.2 | 53.6 |
| Diameter (cm) | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.83 |
| Meat thickness (cm) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| Single bean weight (g) | 32.2 | 31.5 | 33.0 | 28.6 |
| Young pod color | Light green | Light green | Light green | Light green color |
<output statistics>
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example | |
| Average product (kg) | 52 | 50 | 56 | 45 |
| Equivalent per mu yield (kg) | 1733.33 | 1666.67 | 1866.67 | 1500 |
| Compare comparative example amplification (%) | 15.56 | 11.11 | 24.44 |
<disease-resistant statistics>
The root rot of fresh kidney beans of embodiment 1～3 production, rust, droop morbidity are less, have high anti-ability.
<promoting test>
Using the method for embodiment 3, carry out regional testing within 2015, the individual plant number that bears pods reaches 15.8, Pod Bearing Percentage 80.2% is put down
All plant heights 285cm, the average product of spring Semen vignae sinensiss is 2002.1 kilograms/667m2, autumn Semen vignae sinensiss average product is 1923.6 public affairs
Jin/667m2, promotion efficiency should be increased.
Number of devices described herein and treatment scale are used to simplify the explanation of the present invention.To the application of the present invention,
Modifications and variations will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted to listed in description and embodiment
With, it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore under the general concept being limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention does not limit
In specific details with shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss are it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) seed treatment and nursery:
A, select that grain is full greatly, no disease pest, unabroken cowpea seed, blanching and then cold rapidly in 75～80 DEG C of hot water
But, it is placed in 25～30 DEG C of nutritional solution immersion 4～6h, drain, the nutritional solution after the seed after separating treatment and first use,
Stand-by；
The preparation method of nutritional solution is: by 10～20 weight portion Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 10～20 weight portion Radixs Stemonae, 25～30 weight portion fourths
Fragrant and 25～30 weight portion Flos Loniceraes add in 100 weight portion water soaks 2～3h, turns and boil by slow fire to liquid after boiling by intense fire
Face is flushed with medical material surface, separate to obtain medicinal residues and medicinal liquid, stand-by, by 30～40 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 4～6 parts sulfuric acid magnesium,
20～25 weight portion calcium nitrates, 1～2 part by weight of boric acid sodium, 1～2 weight portion zinc molybdate add in 100 weight portion water, Ran Houjia
Enter medicinal liquid, mix homogeneously, obtain final product；
B, sowing in seedlings nursing plate, every cave 2～3 kinds of point, covered seed, coverd with mulch film with thin muck, control daytime temperature 25
～30 DEG C, 15～20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, remove mulch film after half seed is unearthed, control 20～25 DEG C of daytime temperature, night temperature
18～22 DEG C of degree, Qi Miao seedling exercising after 4～5 days, formed and during two panels leaf, wait field planting；
2) soil treatment and field planting:
C, selection soil layer are deep, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage, are colonized first 10～15 days site preparations, make railway carriage or compartment width 1m, furrow width 0.5m, depth
The ditch of 0.4m, soil conditioner is imbedded in ditch, earthing, to ditch depth 0.3m, applies weight than organic for 1000～1500:40:20
The base manure that fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, carbamide are formed, ditch is filled and led up by earthing；
The preparation method of soil conditioner is: by 20～30 weight portion molasses waste liquids, 10～20 weight portion needle mushroom dreg, 10～
20 weight portion medicinal residues, 10～20 weight portion Hami melon vine powder, 10～20 weight portion Green Gram Seeds, 3～5 weight portion sawdusts, 10
～15 weight portion kieselguhr, 10～15 weight portion Maifanitums and 1～2 weight portion em microbial inoculum mixing stacking, are passed through sky into buttress
Gas, controls temperature in buttress to be less than 60 DEG C, and after stirring in 7 days, stacking, holding 28～35 days again, obtains final product；
D, using high ridge cultivation arrange multiple cultivation caves, hill spacing 60～80cm, line-spacing 1.5～2m, 2～3 plants of every cave, soil seal
Mouthful, the nutritional solution after first use is sprayed at cultivation cave surrounding；
3) field management:
E, final singling 14 days topdress weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer for the first time in main root both sides 3～5cm trench digging, and final singling 21 days exists
Main root radius is that 5～10cm trench digging topdresses weight for the second time than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:1, potash fertilizer, florescence main root radius be 10～
15cm trench digging third time topdresses weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1.5:1:1.5, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, harvests for the first time, third time harvests fresh kidney beans
It is being that 10～15cm ditches the 4th time, the 5th time and topdresses weight than the nitrogenous fertilizer for 1:0.5:1, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in main root radius afterwards；
F, sooty mould their early stage spray 800 times of carbendazols, and rust their early stage sprays 200 times of liquid of 50% sulfur suspending agent,
Powdery mildew their early stage sprays 70% 500 times of liquid of first support wettable powder.
2. the stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that step 1) in a, after separating treatment
Seed with Aloe gel coat, be placed in cool environment air-dry.
3. the stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that step 2) in c, molasses waste liquid is
The waste liquid producing during cane sugar manufacture.
4. the stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that step 2) in c, Maifanitum is wind
Granule after dry more than 2 months broken.
5. the stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that step 2) in c, stacking procedure to
The amount being passed through air in buttress is 1l/min.
6. the stable high yield implantation methods of Semen vignae sinensiss as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that step 3) in e, for the first time～the
After five times are topdressed, Herba Eichhorniae is laid on ditch.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107251735A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-10-17 | 界首市民杰种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of high-yield high-quality cowpea |
| CN107459387A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-12-12 | 北京农学院 | A kind of soya seeds germination nutrient solution |
| CN109006311A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 南宁致侨农业有限公司 | The implantation methods of long bean high yield |
| CN109006310A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 南宁致侨农业有限公司 | The method for enabling long bean volume increase disease resistance using Chinese drugs agentia |
| CN109729804A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 丽水学院 | A kind of long cowpea nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balanced fertilization method |
| CN113748790A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-07 | 常德市农林科学研究院 | Cultivation method for relieving greenhouse cowpea blight |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798017A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Method for planting cowpeas |
-
2016
- 2016-08-22 CN CN201610703641.2A patent/CN106332629A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798017A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Method for planting cowpeas |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107251735A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-10-17 | 界首市民杰种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of high-yield high-quality cowpea |
| CN107459387A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-12-12 | 北京农学院 | A kind of soya seeds germination nutrient solution |
| CN107459387B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2023-04-07 | 北京农学院 | Soybean seed germination nutrient solution |
| CN109006311A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 南宁致侨农业有限公司 | The implantation methods of long bean high yield |
| CN109006310A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 南宁致侨农业有限公司 | The method for enabling long bean volume increase disease resistance using Chinese drugs agentia |
| CN109729804A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 丽水学院 | A kind of long cowpea nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balanced fertilization method |
| CN113748790A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-07 | 常德市农林科学研究院 | Cultivation method for relieving greenhouse cowpea blight |
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