CN108684460A - Radix knoxiae cultural method - Google Patents
Radix knoxiae cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108684460A CN108684460A CN201810412788.5A CN201810412788A CN108684460A CN 108684460 A CN108684460 A CN 108684460A CN 201810412788 A CN201810412788 A CN 201810412788A CN 108684460 A CN108684460 A CN 108684460A
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- seedling
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- radix knoxiae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of radix knoxiae cultural methods, including, cup seedling will be obtained into propagating materials plantation to Light media cup, by transplanting after the domestication culture at cup seedling to crop field, after experience field management, overwinter management and spring vernalization, culture is until harvest;Wherein, the Light media cup is made using base-material, and the base-material includes the raw material of following parts by weight:60~70 parts of peat soil, 5~8 parts of coconut palm chaff, 5~8 parts of perlite, 4~5 parts of humic acid phosphate fertilizer, 10~15 parts of yellow mud, 6~8 parts of floating bead, 10~15 parts of charring rice husk.The present invention compared with the existing technology, can effectively avoid because transplanting and the problem of influence survival rate, it is overwintering to facilitate potato wedge Winter protection, improves spring bud ratio.The radix knoxiae end yield that method disclosed by the invention is cultivated significantly improves.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of radix knoxiae cultural method.
Background technology
Knoxia valerianoide (Knoxia valerianoides Thorel.) is Rubiaceae radix knoxiae category perennial herb
Medicinal plant is distributed in south China provinces and regions, alias radix knoxiae, the southern root of Beijing euphorbia, the purple root of Beijing euphorbia, vast halberd.Knoxia valerianoide medicinal effects
For root, there are diuresis, detumescence, dissipating bind and other effects, control chest and abdomen ponding, difficulty in urination and defecation, the diseases such as carbuncle sore tumefacting virus, cold sick subcutaneous nodule reuse also
Manic psychosis can be treated;It is not only the main ingredient of Chinese patent drug zijin troche and the leading production of Tianhe Pharmacy Industry Co., Ltd., Gulin's production
The main component of product " day and rheumatalgia-relieving plaster ".
For many years, required medicinal material relies on wild resource acquisition, however, due to the vegetation degeneration of Knoxia valerianoide Proterozoic, people
Work indiscriminate mining and serious waste and herbicide are widely used, and wild resource quantity is drastically reduced, in addition wild resource setting percentage and seed are sprouted
Hair rate is relatively low, and the speed of growth is slow, and natural crude drugs are far from meeting the needs of people.
Pan Jichang was early in 1989, i.e., by seed and root division progress introducing and planting, (Pan Jichang, radix knoxiae are introduced a fine variety
Cultivation technique);After 1993, many researchers carry out breeding to Knoxia valerianoide using biological technique method and obtain quantum jump
(Huang Hao, the research of Medical Plant Knoxia Valerianoides tissue cultures;Ling Zhengzhu etc., Knoxia valerianoide tissue cultures obtain regeneration plant;Chen Fang
It is clear etc., the tissue cultures of Medical Plant Knoxia Valerianoides;Qiu Anjing etc., the tissue cultures of radix knoxiae), but in the transplanting of tissue-cultured seedling
It is still to limit a bottleneck of artificial growth, transplanting survival rate highest only up to 88.36% (Huang Hao etc., red bud with cultivation survival rate
The research of Seedling in Euphorbia pekinensis transplantation technique).A kind of Knoxia valerianoide of disclosure of the invention that number of patent application is CN201510810887.5
Tissue-cultured seedling cultural method, compared with prior art, Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling transplanting survival rate that the cultural method obtains and most
For survival rate of plant 95% or more, the artificial cultivation scale survival rate for substantially efficiently solving Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling is low afterwards
Bottleneck problem.But in the method, it is that tissue-cultured seedling is directly transplanted on kind of planting-line, not only needs careful operation, but also
For the more demanding of kind of planting-line, when recycling kind planting-line, is cumbersome, and seedling needs to adapt to the ring of kind of planting-line again
Border, even if seedling can survive, often root is easy to addle and influence the growth in the coming year when overwintering.In the past in order to
Ensure yield, when artificial growth, usually needs to dig out potato root in winter, in room or in kiln, be embedded in ventilation, moistening sand or wood
It is planted in bits, plants potato root again to next year, it is larger that planting tube protects workload.Number of patent application is CN201510810887.5
Invention in, after sprout tumble occurs in radix knoxiae tissue-cultured seedling, with withered grass and rice straw mulching in plantation furrow face, until in spring next year, grow
The withered grass for planting furrow face and straw are thrown off after sprouting, recycle the step to the harvest of radix knoxiae medicinal material after 3~4 years, although
Certain effect is achieved, process is comparatively laborious, labor intensive;It is difficult to drain when rainwater is more simultaneously, leads to part
Although radix knoxiae can germinate, root makes potato wedge addle and then can not use because of excess moisture, final red bud
The harvest yield of root of Beijing euphorbia medicinal material still allows of no optimist.
Invention content
The advantages of present invention aim to address at least the above defects, and offer will illustrate later.
In order to realize object of the present invention and other advantages, now provide a kind of radix knoxiae cultural method, pass through by
Cup seedling is obtained into propagating materials plantation to Light media cup, by transplanting after the domestication culture at cup seedling to crop field, undergoes crop field
After management, overwinter management and spring vernalization, culture is until harvest.The injury to plant during transplanting is reduced, is conducive to second
Year fast-growth not only increases yield and also reduces manually.
In other words, the invention discloses a kind of radix knoxiae cultural methods, including:
Cup seedling will be obtained into propagating materials plantation to Light media cup, will be transplanted to big after the domestication culture at cup seedling
Field, after experience field management, overwinter management and spring vernalization, culture is until harvest;Wherein, the Light media cup uses base-material system
, the base-material includes the raw material of following parts by weight:60~70 parts of peat soil, 5~8 parts of coconut palm chaff, 5~8 parts of perlite, humic acid
4~5 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 10~15 parts of yellow mud, 6~8 parts of floating bead, 10~15 parts of charring rice husk.So that the Light media cup made is saturating
Gas performance is good, and can improve the organic matter, humus and micro organism quantity of soil, increases structure in soil group, improves soil
Fertility and quality, be that excellent environment is created in the growth of Knoxia valerianoide.
Preferably, the base-material, which is dispensed after mixing into non-woven bag, is made the Light media cup, then will system
At Light media cup on the blank panel of seedling culture frame, it is spare to cover film.It can be achieved the purpose that using non-woven bag moisture-proof, made
Moisture when proper rainwater is excessively full in planting site excessive cannot be spilt in matrix cup, while non-woven bag gas permeability
Good, be conducive to propagating materials is discharged matrix cup by moisture.
Preferably, the propagating materials is prepared by the following method:By Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling after hardening 30 days, wash
The culture medium for removing base portion, obtains seedling, and the seedling is the propagating materials.The culture medium for washing away base portion, prevents bacterium from growing
It gives birth to and leads to butt rot.
Preferably, it by the seedling replanting to the Light media cup, and sprays clear water and determines root, by spraying disinfection rear cover
Upper thin film moisturizing obtains into cup seedling.
Preferably, described to be specifically included at the domestication culture of cup seedling:The carrying out disinfection for the 3rd day at cup seedling is being obtained,
It sterilizes 1 time weekly later, sprays Water soluble fertilizer after 10 days, can be out of the garden after 90 days carries out transplanting field practice.
Preferably, the transplanting field practice includes the following steps:Planting site trench plow is turned over, exposure is spread after 10 days
Fertilizer, planting site rake carefully by fertilizer mixing and flatten furrow face, be 20cm by height, width is 1.5m furrow, carry out gutter and
Furrow form the crop field when being built with common brick;According to the specification of 10cm × 10cm will be after domestication culture at cup transplantation of seedlings to described
Crop field, earthing simultaneously spoon enough water and determine root and plant two rows of corns on furrow side.
Preferably, the field management includes the following steps:It protects within 1~7 day after the transplantation of seedlings to crop field at cup
Water moisturizing is normally managed and protected after 10 days, is poured after 25~30 days and is applied urea or composite fertilizer's aqueous solution.
Preferably, the overwinter management includes:Before winter temperature drops to 10 degree or less, covered with black plastic net
It is kept the temperature on crop field, and forbids artificial water drenching.Black plastic net absorbs heat on daytime and heats, and can play the effect of heat preservation at night
Fruit;Also facilitate draining to divulge information when rainwater is more, prevents from causing seedling butt rot because rainwater is accumulated on seedling.
Preferably, the spring vernalization includes:Stablize after 18 DEG C or more after next year temperature, throw off black plastic net,
It sprays EM bacterium solutions and carries out vernalization;And normal management culture after sprouting is grown, the 3rd year autumn or winter can harvest.
Preferably, the Light media cup is irrigated with potassium permanganate solution and is carried out disinfection for 1 day before transplanting;Described
Seedling is soaked in potassium permanganate solution before transplanting and sterilizes 5 minutes.Disease is reduced by the dual disinfection of plant and Light media cup
Harmful generation is ready for the domestication of subsequent hardening, while avoiding wound from not healing and occurring with regard to putrefactive phenomenon, and raising survives
Rate.
The condition of the hardening of the Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling is:It is covered with shady net and degree of shading is not less than the 70%, face of shady net
Color is green, the humidity in shady net is 80~100% and shady net in temperature be 25~28 DEG C;Simulation adverse circumstances give children
The seedling laundering period improves adaptability of the seedling to environment, improves the photosynthetic ability of seedling, promotes tissue-cultured seedling healthy and strong, finally reaches
To the purpose of tissue-cultured seedling transplant survival.The hardening carries out in tissue culture bottle, specially:The bottleneck for opening tissue culture bottle, is placed in room
Interior shady place 3 days, then it is statically placed in 30min in the magnetic field that intensity is 80 micro- teslas, then be placed in the infrared ray that wavelength is 900nm
20min carries out transition exercise, to enhance adaptability of the seedling to environment to seedling.
In the domestication culture at cup seedling, the Water soluble fertilizer is the mineral yellow corruption aqueous acid of 1~1.5wt ‰, not only right
Drought resisting plays an important role, moreover it is possible to improve plant stress-resistance ability, be effectively promoted bright red halberd growth.
Can be out of the garden at cup seedling before carrying out transplanting field practice to seedling spray on plants antitranspirant, the plant
Antitranspirant is aqueous solution of the powder-type antitranspirant after 6000~8000 times of dilutions, and plant transpiration resistant agent can close plant
Object surface pores, and the protective film of ultra-thin light transmission can be formed in diseases on plant stalk and blade face surface layer, effectively inhibit plant internal water
It is excessively rising, utmostly reduce and damaged caused by transplanting, arid and wind erosion, and delay to be metabolized, while reticular structure and its
Molecular gap has gas permeability, can ensure eupnea and the ventilation of plant, improves survival rate.
In the transplanting field practice, the broadcast application is specially:Every 667 square metres of planting sites spread fertilizer over the fields calcium magnesium phosphate
200kg and decomposed manure 1000kg.Required nutrition is provided for the growth of bright red halberd, reasonable broadcast application can not only fill nutrient
Foot supply, avoids wasting, at the same also avoid excessive Residual Fertilizer and caused by crop poisoning influence surviving for crop instead
Rate.
The EM bacterium solutions are using 0.5%EM fermentation dilutions.EM bacterium easily live and reproduce in the soil, so can be very fast
And the ecologic niche in soil is steadily occupied, the advantage group of beneficial microbial bacteria is formed, to control pathogenic microorganism
Breeding and invasion to crop, the effect of EM bacterium solutions after dilution are sufficient for fungi-proofing vernalization.
Advantages of the present invention:
1, Light media cup is made by mixing into base-material, not only meets the required nutritional ingredient of Knoxia valerianoide growth of seedling,
And the ventilation of Light media cup and permeable better performances, create good environment for the growth of Knoxia valerianoide seedling.
2, the domestication of Knoxia valerianoide seedling is directly to be carried out in Light media cup, promotes radix knoxiae children by spraying Water soluble fertilizer
Then the fast-growth of seedling root system will have been tamed into cup seedling direct transplantation to planting site, reduced during transplanting to plant
It injures and influences survival rate, and be conducive to the fast-growth of second year, not only increase yield and also reduce manually.
3, crop field arrangement is carried out by certain specification, being more conducive to Knoxia valerianoide, preferably absorption is supported during growth
Point, and ensure to have enough gaps between Knoxia valerianoide plant and can divulge information smooth and avoid potato wedge to meet each plant of seedling
It rots.
4, rational overwintering maintenance uses the mode of black plastic net covering instead to be kept the temperature, covers and open and is all very square
Just, ensure that while reducing artificial seedling cold winter not frost bitten and influence survival rate.
5, vernalization is carried out by spraying EM bacterium solutions, soil environment can be improved, and can effectively control pathogenic microorganism
Breeding and the invasion to crop, to promote Knoxia valerianoide seedling faster to play bud;Furthermore the metabolite of flora can also be by
Radix knoxiae seedling directly absorbs, and nutritional ingredient is provided for the growth of Knoxia valerianoide.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is done below further detailed
Describe in detail it is bright, to enable those skilled in the art that can implement according to this with reference to specification word.However, it is necessary to explanation, specification
In many details for listing just for the sake of making reader, to one or more aspects of the present invention, there are one thorough explanations, even if
The aspects of the invention can also be realized without these specific details.
Embodiment 1
A kind of domestication of Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling and implantation methods, specifically include following steps:
The making and sabot of step 1, Light media cup:Take 60 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of coconut palm chaff, 5 parts of perlite, humic acid phosphate fertilizer 4
Part, 10 parts of yellow mud, 6 parts of floating bead and 10 parts of charring rice husk mix, then the base-material mixed is dispensed into non-woven bag and is made
It is spare to cover film by manufactured Light media cup on the blank panel of seedling culture frame at Light media cup.
Step 2, the shady net of the green for being 70% by Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling shade density cover, and the humidity adjusted in shady net is
80%, temperature is 25 DEG C and carries out hardening 30 days, then washes away the culture medium of base portion, obtains seedling.
Step 3, tissue culture transplantation of seedlings to Light media cup:Light media cup described in step 1 is used into permanganic acid in 1 day before transplanting
Aqueous solutions of potassium irrigates disinfection, and the seedling of step 2, which is soaked in potassium permanganate solution, to be sterilized 5 minutes, is then transplanted to and is disinfected
Light media cup in, and spray clear water and determine root, thin film moisturizing is covered after spraying disinfection, obtains into cup seedling.
Step 4, domestication final-period management:It carries out second on day 3 at cup seedling to sterilize, sterilize 1 time weekly later, the 10th
The rotten sour Water soluble fertilizer of mineral yellow that 1wt ‰ is sprayed after it, can be out of the garden on the 95th day.
Step 5, crop field arrange and transplanting:Planting site trench plow is turned over, spreads fertilizer over the fields calcium and magnesium by every 667 square metres after exposure 10 days
Phosphate fertilizer 200kg and decomposed manure 1000kg, and planting site rake carefully by fertilizer mixing and is flattened into furrow face, by being highly
20cm, width are that 1.5m plays furrow, carry out gutter and in furrow when being built with common brick;Described in step 4 can be out of the garden at cup
Seedling is being transplanted to the aqueous solution for spraying the powder-type antitranspirant after 6000 times of dilutions before crop field to seedling, then according to
The specification of 10cm × 10cm is transplanted to crop field, and earthing 3cm simultaneously spoons enough water and determines root and plant two rows of corns on furrow side.
Step 6, field management:Transplanting must be retained moisturizing to 1~7 day behind crop field, normally be managed and protected after 10 days, 25~30
It is poured after it and applies urea.
Step 7, overwinter management:Before winter temperature drops to 10 degree or less Knoxia valerianoide seedling lodging, with black plastic net
It is covered on seedling and keeps the temperature, and forbid artificial water drenching.
Step 8, spring vernalization:Stablize after 18 degree or more after next year temperature, throws off black plastic net, spray 0.5%EM
The dilution that ferments carries out vernalization, grows normal management after sprouting, winter in third year harvest.
Embodiment 2
A kind of domestication of Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling and implantation methods, specifically include following steps:
The making and sabot of step 1, Light media cup:Take 70 parts of peat soil, 8 parts of coconut palm chaff, 8 parts of perlite, humic acid phosphate fertilizer 5
Part, 15 parts of yellow mud, 8 parts of floating bead and 15 parts of charring rice husk mix, then the base-material mixed packing is obtained Light media cup,
By obtained Light media cup on the blank panel of seedling culture frame, it is spare to cover film.
Remaining parameter is identical with embodiment 1, and technical process is also identical.
Comparative example 1
A kind of Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling cultural method, includes the following steps:
Step 1, site preparation play furrow:Planting site trench plow is turned over, exposure 3 days, calcium magnesium phosphate 200kg, decomposed is spread fertilizer over the fields per 667m2
1 000kg of organic fertilizer, rake is thin, mixing, flattens furrow face, is 15cm by height, and width is that 1.5m plays furrow, and is built with firebrick on furrow side
Side.
Step 2, mixed planting matrix prepare:On organic waste surface, sprinkling A liquid carries out complete fermentation compost, then sprays
B liquid, is sufficiently mixed and mixes thoroughly, wherein the organic waste is:Peat, jig saw sawdust and the matting that volume ratio is 1: 1: 0.6
Withered through crushing that fertilizer or volume ratio are 1: 1: 0.6 falls leaf branch, farmyard manure and barnyard manure, and it is 1 that the A liquid, which is mass ratio:
The solution that 150 carbendazol wettable powder and water are constituted, the B liquid be the compound probiotic stoste that volume ratio is 1: 300 and
The solution that water is constituted;Wherein, the raw material of the barnyard manure includes the chicken manure, cow dung and ferment through methane-generating pit that mass ratio is 1: 1: 3
Pig manure afterwards.
Step 3, kind planting-line prepare:In the furrow face mixed planting matrix that laying depth is 5cm successively from down to up, Yi Jihou
The thin river sand that degree is 3cm constitutes kind of a planting-line;
Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling is carried out hardening treatment by step 4.Wherein, the hardening treatment carries out in tissue culture bottle, specifically
For:Tissue culture bottle cap is opened, 30min under sunlight is placed in, is placed in indoor shady place 3 days, and by its in intensity be 80 micro- spies
30min is stood in this magnetic field drawn, 20min is stood in the infrared ray that wavelength is 900nm.
Step 5, tissue-cultured seedling transplanting:Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling is washed into root with C liquid, is 12cm by Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling by seeding row spacing
It is implanted on kind of planting-line so that the root of Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling is completely attached to the mixed planting matrix in kind planting-line, and is sprayed and determined
Root water, wherein the C liquid is the solution that the carbendazol wettable powder that mass ratio is 1: 350 and water are constituted.
It is managed and protected after step 6, transplanting:
Step A, 12 days after transplanting, it is 28 DEG C to control the temperature in greenhouse, relative humidity 65%, and illuminance is
1000lx;
After plantation 30 days, applies nutrient solution to Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling root, be specially:
A, the sponge ball of multiple a diameter of 1cm is placed in nutrient solution and is impregnated, until filling up the battalion in each sponge ball
Nutrient solution, wherein every 1 liter of nutrient solution places 100 sponge balls, the sponge ball is placed in refrigerator is iced in solid later
State;
B, the sponge ball that frost is handled in step a is placed in the heat-treated paraffin being in a liquid state so that described
Sponge ball is immersed in the paraffin of liquid, and is immediately taken out, and is cooled to room temperature, is obtained solid paraffin sponge ball, spare;
C, the paraffin sponge ball that step b is obtained is placed near Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling root, when cultivating the 5th day, is existed with needle
1/2 paraffin sponge ball surface stabs through-hole, and when cultivating the 20th day, through-hole is stabbed in other 1/2 paraffin sponge ball surface with needle;
Wherein, the nutrient solution includes potassium chloride, potassium phosphate and the deep sea water that mass ratio is 19: 20: 500.
Step B, after sprout tumble occurs in Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling, with withered grass, rice straw mulching in plantation furrow face, until spring next year, long
Go out after sprouting that the withered grass of furrow face will be planted, straw is thrown off, Knoxia valerianoide medicinal material harvests after recycling step B to 3 years.
Wherein, in stepb, the withered grass, the equal no disease and pests harm of the straw.
Cultivate 1000 plants of radix knoxiae seedling respectively by the method for embodiment and comparative example, respectively First Year, liang
The winter in year and third year compares the situation that survives of Knoxia valerianoide plant, the results are shown in Table 1:
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Comparative example 1 |
| First annual survival rate | 986 plants | 990 plants | 949 plants |
| Second annual survival rate | 980 plants | 982 plants | 800 plants |
| Third annual survival rate | 976 plants | 979 plants | 652 plants |
Data as obtained by table 1, it can be clearly seen that, the red bud of the method plantation gained of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is big
Halberd is influenced almost without by winter adverse circumstances, although and the method for comparative example 1 plants the radix knoxiae of gained first
The survival rate in winter in year is also relatively high, but the survival rate for having arrived plant after second year declines obviously.
After in third year, winter has counted plant survival condition, then harvest is planted by the method for embodiment and comparative example respectively
The radix knoxiae for training gained, the results are shown in Table 2:
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Comparative example 1 |
| The intact number of root tuber | 976 plants | 979 plants | 361 plants |
Pass through 2 the data obtained of table, it can be clearly seen that:The radix knoxiae of the method for embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 plantation gained
Not only survival rate is high, and the rotten situation of the obtained intact nothing of root tuber, the practical availability of radix knoxiae reaches 98%;And it is right
Although the radix knoxiae survival rate of the method plantation gained of ratio 1 is 65%, in the plant of survival, there is 45% plant
Potato wedge is rotten and can not use, and the practical availability of radix knoxiae is only 36%.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With.It can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely.It for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of radix knoxiae cultural method, which is characterized in that including:
Cup seedling will be obtained into propagating materials plantation to Light media cup, by transplanting after the domestication culture at cup seedling to crop field, warp
After going through field management, overwinter management and spring vernalization, culture is until harvest;
Wherein, the Light media cup is made using base-material, and the base-material includes the raw material of following parts by weight:Peat soil 60~70
Part, 5~8 parts of coconut palm chaff, 5~8 parts of perlite, 4~5 parts of humic acid phosphate fertilizer, 10~15 parts of yellow mud, 6~8 parts of floating bead, charring rice husk
10~15 parts.
2. radix knoxiae cultural method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by the base-material dispense after mixing to
The Light media cup is made in non-woven bag, it is standby then to be covered into film on the blank panel of seedling culture frame for manufactured Light media cup
With.
3. radix knoxiae cultural method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the propagating materials is made by the following method
It is standby:
By Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling after hardening 30 days, the culture medium of base portion is washed away, obtains seedling, the seedling is described numerous
Grow material.
4. radix knoxiae cultural method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that by the seedling replanting to the Light media
It in cup, and sprays clear water and determines root, thin film moisturizing is covered after spraying disinfection, obtains into cup seedling.
5. radix knoxiae cultural method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described at the specific packet of cup seedling domestication culture
It includes:
The carrying out disinfection for the 3rd day at cup seedling is being obtained, is sterilizing 1 time weekly later, Water soluble fertilizer is sprayed after 10 days, after 90 days
It can be out of the garden and carry out transplanting field practice.
6. radix knoxiae cultural method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the transplanting field practice includes following step
Suddenly:
Planting site trench plow is turned over, broadcast application after exposure 10 days, planting site rake carefully by fertilizer mixing and flattens furrow face, by being highly
20cm, width are that 1.5m plays furrow, carry out gutter and form the crop field when being built with common brick in furrow;According to 10cm × 10cm's
Specification will be after domestication culture at cup transplantation of seedlings to the crop field, earthing simultaneously spoons enough water and determine root and in furrow side plantation two rows
Corn.
7. radix knoxiae cultural method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the field management includes the following steps:
Water conservation moisturizing in 1~7 day after the transplantation of seedlings to crop field at cup, normally manages and protects after 10 days, is poured after 25~30 days and apply urine
Element or composite fertilizer's aqueous solution.
8. radix knoxiae cultural method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the overwinter management includes:In winter temperature
Before degree drops to 10 degree or less, it is covered on crop field and is kept the temperature with black plastic net, and forbid artificial water drenching.
9. radix knoxiae cultural method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the spring vernalization includes:Wait for next year gas
Temperature is stablized after 18 DEG C or more, and black plastic net is thrown off, and sprays EM bacterium solutions and carries out vernalization;And normal management is trained after growing sprouting
It supports, the 3rd year autumn or winter can harvest.
10. radix knoxiae cultural method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the Light media cup is 1 day before transplanting
It is irrigated and is carried out disinfection with potassium permanganate solution;The seedling is soaked in potassium permanganate solution before transplanting and sterilizes 5 minutes;
The condition of the hardening of the Knoxia valerianoide tissue-cultured seedling is:It is covered with shady net and degree of shading is not less than the color of 70%, shady net
Humidity in green, shady net be 80~100% and shady net in temperature be 25~28 DEG C;The hardening in tissue culture bottle into
Row, specially:The bottleneck of tissue culture bottle, shady place disposed within 3 days are opened, then is statically placed in the magnetic field that intensity is 80 micro- teslas
30min, then it is placed in 20min in the infrared ray that wavelength is 900nm;
In the domestication culture at cup seedling, the Water soluble fertilizer is the mineral yellow corruption aqueous acid of 1~1.5wt ‰;
What can be out of the garden steams seedling spray on plants antitranspirant, the Genes For Plant Tolerance before carrying out transplanting field practice at cup seedling
It is aqueous solution of the powder-type antitranspirant after 6000~8000 times of dilutions to rise agent;
In the transplanting field practice, the broadcast application is specially:Every 667 square metres of planting sites spread fertilizer over the fields calcium magnesium phosphate 200kg and
Decomposed manure 1000kg;
The EM bacterium solutions are using 0.5%EM fermentation dilutions.
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| CN114586624A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-07 | 云南中医药大学 | Efficient seedling raising method for euphorbia pekinensis seeds |
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