CN106034898A - Planting method of bergamot - Google Patents
Planting method of bergamot Download PDFInfo
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- CN106034898A CN106034898A CN201610367134.6A CN201610367134A CN106034898A CN 106034898 A CN106034898 A CN 106034898A CN 201610367134 A CN201610367134 A CN 201610367134A CN 106034898 A CN106034898 A CN 106034898A
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- branch
- fructus citri
- citri sarcodactylis
- fertilizer
- soil
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention provides a planting method of bergamot, wherein the planting method belongs to the field of agricultural planting technology. The method comprises the steps of soil improvement, breeding, planting and field management. The field management comprises water/fertilizer management, insect disease control, branch trimming and winter warm-keeping. The soil improvement comprises selecting a planting land with sufficient sunshine and deeply turning up the soil at one year before planting; sunning the deeply turned-up soil by 3-4 months, breeding gooses on the planting land by 3-6 months, and applying an organic fertilizer on the planting land as the base fertilizer. The branches are trimmed according to a three-three-system layering principle, namely the number of the branches is controlled through trimming so that the number of newly grown branches is at most three. The winter warm-keeping comprises covering the root part of the bergamot by means of Artemisia argyi branches or straws in December to February each year and compacting the surface of the Artemisia argyi branches or straws by means of clay. The planting method can realize fruiting of the bergamot in four seasons of one year, thereby improving output of the bergamot, and furthermore can ensure relatively high medicinal value of the bergamot.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to the implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis.
[background technology]
Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, ancient title flies the stalks of rice, wheat, etc., has another name called Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, Folium vilicis Negundo, Bergamot, belongs to the evergreen dungarunga of Rutaceae both citrus or filling
Wood.Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis originates in the nations of China and India, is a kind of famous and precious fruit flowers and medicinal plants, Ye Shi China famous sight fruit flowers it
One.During Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis Winter Solstice ripe, fruit is bronze-colored, and fragrance attacks people, not only has the highest ornamental value, and is a kind of strong
Stomach, the Chinese medicine regulated the flow of vital energy.Drink with the leaf of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, flower, fruit infusing drugs in wine of making tea, have the merit of regulating qi-flowing for strengthening spleen, preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, relaxing muscles and tendons to promote blood circulation
Effect.Therefore the popularizing planting of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis has higher economic worth and social meaning.
But people plant Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, owing to too devoting exclusive attention to output thus lavishment chemical fertilizer and pesticide, although necessarily at present
Improve the Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis supply in market in degree, but the medical value of product but can not be protected, such as Hesperidin
Content is continuous downward trend.It addition, chemical fertilizer and indiscriminate use of pesticide also result in the salinization of soil of soil and harmful substance at Buddhist
Residual in hands Citrus chachiensis Hort., the fruiting period of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis reaches as high as 30 years, but uses chemical fertilizer and can only obtain high yield several leading year, subsequently planting
Yield but can not gradually step up.
[summary of the invention]
The goal of the invention of the present invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, it is provided that the implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, passes through
The aspects such as improvement, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the pruning of branch and the winter warming to soil effectively control management, it is achieved Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis
Citrus chachiensis Hort. the most all bears fruit, and promotes the yield of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, and can guarantee that the medical value that Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis is higher.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, including soil improvement, breeds, plants and the step of field management, described field
Management includes the management of liquid manure, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the pruning of branch and winter warming, wherein:
Described soil improvement is to select sun-drenched planting site, and machine is ploughed deeply in use the previous year in plantation, and soil is deep
Turning over, ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 30-40cm；Soil after ploughing deeply tans by the sun 3-4 month, plays sterilizing and removes the effect of weeds, so
After put in a suitable place to breed on planting site goose 3-6 month, the benefit one putting goose in a suitable place to breed is the weeds that goose can be allowed to search for food on planting site, it is ensured that follow-up
Not endangered by weed seed, two is to allow goose excrement go back to field, and output non-harmful crops weeds dish becomes the feedstuff of goose, then
The goose of output high-quality；Soil improvement is additionally included in planting site application of organic fertilizers as base manure；
Described water and fertilizer management is to use fertilizer respectively to topdress once in flower early stage, florescence, fruiting period, fruit picking phase；
The pressure Seedling principle pruning the employing three thirds of described branch, i.e. by pruning the quantity controlling branch, makes every branch
The branch number newly sent is up to 3, makes the external branch of branch thus expands tree crown, makes full use of photosynthesis；
Described winter warming be use the annual 12-2 month Folium Artemisiae Argyi branch, Caulis et Folium Oryzae or improving straw mulching at Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis root, and
With earth in Folium Artemisiae Argyi branch, Caulis et Folium Oryzae or straw superficial compaction.
Further, the pressure Seedling principle of the described three thirds is by pruning the quantity controlling branch, is specially when trunk is raw
After long generation branch, at most retain 3 more healthy and stronger branches as one-level branch by pruning；Divide when the growth of one-level branch produces
After Zhi, by pruning at most 3 more healthy and stronger branches of reservation as two grades of branchs, then the quantity of two grades of branchs is up to 9；When
After two grades of branch growths produce branch, by pruning 3 more healthy and stronger branches of reservation as three grades of branchs, then the number of three grades of branchs
Amount up to 27.
Further, described breeding uses cuttage or grafting.
Further, after the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is discovery disease, uses Predatory Mites to throw in and carry out on Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant
Preventing and treating.
Further, after the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is discovery disease, it is sprayed at Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis initially with azadirachtin insecticide
Control insect population number on blade, then use Predatory Mites input to prevent and treat on Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant.Insect is solved by Predatory Mites
Harm, be avoided that and use excess fertilizer, it is ensured that Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis is not polluted by pesticide.
Further, described fertilizer is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: corn straw 200-300 part, awns
Pit 50-80 part, walnut shell 30-50 part, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 30-50 part, Folium Querci Mongolicae 10-25 part, Bombyx mori L. 150-200 part, wormcast
100-150 part, mixing mushroom bran 150-200 part, filter mud of sugar refinery 70-110 part, brown sugar 3-5 part, decomposition agent 16-25 part, enzymatic microorganism
28-50 part, diethylamino ethanol caproate 2-3 part；Wherein, described decomposition agent is by potassium molybdate 40-by weight percentage
50%, sodium citrate 9-25%, ammonium nitro-humate 12-16%, Gypsum Fibrosum 8-12%, boric acid 6-9%, MAP 3-5% mix
Conjunction forms；Described mixing mushroom bran is to utilize astragalus root dregs, Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis medicinal residues, manioc waste, rice chaff, cotton seed hulls, quick lime according to weight
Than the by-product after culturing edible fungus after mixing for 1:1:2-3:3-4:4-5:0.2-0.3；Described fertilizer is as the use of base manure
Amount is every mu of 1800kg, is every strain 8-10kg as the usage amount topdressed.
Further, described enzymatic microorganism be mass ratio be the nitrogen-fixing bacteria of 1:1:1:1:1, dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, nitrobacteria, light
Close antibacterial, bacillus subtilis.
Further, above-mentioned fertilizer uses following methods to prepare:
(1) by shredding corn stalk to length less than 5cm, the then moisture content of adjusting corn straw by the way of water spray
To 48-55%；By Semen Mangiferae indicae, walnut shell boiling water boiling 0.5-1 hour；Filter mud of sugar refinery is air-dried to water content be 40-50%；
(2) after enzymatic microorganism and brown sugar being dissolved by suitable quantity of water with regulation moisture content after corn straw, Fructus Mangifera Indicae after boiling
Walnut shell after core, boiling, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Folium Querci Mongolicae, Bombyx mori L., wormcast, mixing mushroom bran, air-dry after filter mud of sugar refinery, decomposition agent mixes
Close uniformly, obtain premix；
(3) premix is piled on concrete floor the fertile heap of high 1.5-2.0m, covers with gunnysack and carry out on Fei Dui surface
Fermentation；
(4) keeping the temperature in fertile heap at 60-65 DEG C in sweat, humidity is 45-50%, enters when heap temperature is more than 65 DEG C
Row turning or spray cooling, after fermenting 21-28 days, one time fermentation terminates；Then during turning, add caproic acid lignocaine
Ethanol ester mix homogeneously, subsequently ferment in second time 2-4 days below 40 DEG C, obtain Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plantation fertilizer special for organic.
Further, in described water and fertilizer management, the employing following methods that topdresses of fruit picking phase is carried out: at the two edge Buddhists of plant
The drip excavation of hands tree crown is wide 40 centimetres, and the ditch of deep 40 centimetres returns with the soil dug out after every strain organic fertilizer 8-10 kilogram
Fill out.
Now illustrating the fertilizer in the present invention, the mixing mushroom bran in fertilizer is to utilize astragalus root dregs, Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis medicine
Slag, manioc waste, rice chaff, cotton seed hulls, quick lime are according to the by-product after culturing edible fungus after certain weight ratio mixing, at edible fungi
During growth, slightly solubility macromolecular compound contained by raw material is become simple soluble nutrient by mycelium decomposition, can
To be effectively improved the nutrient absorbed by crops, this mixing mushroom bran content of organic matter is up to more than 35%, is that straw is straight
Connect 3 times of also field.The growth of the also field energy Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis preferably of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis medicinal residues, with the addition of the mixed vaccine of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis medicinal residues and astragalus root dregs
After bran is manured into soil, the most only soil increases the nutrients such as organic matter and N P and K, improves the physicochemical property of soil further, promotes
Agron and the formation of granule group and conversion, improve soil water-retaining performance and soil fertility, moreover it is possible to improves the anti-of plant
Condition of disease power, reduces sickness rate, makes Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis increase production.
During biofermentation, due to the difference of raw material, the microbial population required for its degraded is the most different, the battalion in the present invention
Foster raw material is mainly corn straw, Semen Mangiferae indicae, walnut shell, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Folium Querci Mongolicae, Bombyx mori L., wormcast, mixing mushroom bran, sugar refinery filter
Mud, although be provided with the microbial population of certain kind and quantity in wormcast, mixing mushroom bran, but these raw materials are directly mixed
When fermenting, fermenting speed is slow, and decomposes not exclusively, by the applicant's great many of experiments, then with the addition of above-mentioned decomposition agent it
After, greatly accelerate the speed of decomposition and the conversion of nutrient.And decomposition agent is different, the speed of decomposition and the conversion of nutrient are the most not
With.The decomposition agent of the present invention is one group of raw material in the applicant's achievement in research with preferable effect, and this group catalyst can be one
Determine to promote in degree breeding and the development of microorganism, thus accelerate rotting of straw and other nutritional labelings, make in each raw material
Contained slow nutritional labeling major part is converted into available nutrient, and the conversion of nutrient substance can be made more complete, and without upper
Stating decomposition agent to carry out compost and compare, the content of organic matter of compost can be made to improve 32.5%, N, P, K content is respectively increased 13.2%,
16.9%, 22.5%, and the beneficial microbe such as B. mucilaginocus, actinomycetes can be trained for a certain area, increase activity beneficial organism in compost
Quantity.
In this fertilizer, Semen Mangiferae indicae and walnut shell are difficult to degrade, with accelerating its degradation speed, adding of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae after decocting in water
Adding and fertilizer can be made more fluffy, breathability is more preferable, and Folium Querci Mongolicae also has effect of diseases prevention, and diethylamino ethanol caproate is growth
Regulator, promotes root system development, not only scalable plant growing compounding with fertilizer but also play potentiation.
It addition, applicant have also found that, the raw material of compost is further added by a number of enzymatic microorganism, utilize enzymatic microorganism with
The complementation of flora in system, can make to heat up faster during fermentation, and the temperature at 30cm below about 60 hours Fei Dui surfaces of compost is just
Can be warming up to 60 DEG C, the natural law of one time fermentation can be foreshortened to about 25 days by 33-35 days, and the enzymatic microorganism added is mass ratio
It is best results for the nitrogen-fixing bacteria of 1:1:1:1:1, dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, nitrobacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis.
In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention has been carried out effectively at the aspect such as improvement, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the pruning of branch and winter warming of soil
Control management, wherein the improvement of soil uses and ploughs deeply weeding of being exposed to the sun, supports goose weeding and goose muck field and with fertilizer as base
Fertilizer, by sufficient time and effective way, changes the harmful effect that farmland is scrubbed through chemical fertilizer and pesticide, makes in soil organic
Matter is recovered, and is planting site fertile soil, basis that pest and disease damage is few.The process of topdressing is also adopted by fertilizer, and the most to fertilize.Branch
The pressure Seedling principle pruning the employing three thirds of bar, can make the external branch of branch, expands tree crown, makes full use of photosynthesis.Additionally this
The bright warming measure also focusing on winter.Traditional plantation typically can only be in spring, fall flowering result.And the present invention is arranged by above-mentioned
The common cooperation executed and effect so that the finger citron tree of plantation is the most all born fruit, promote the yield of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, and ensure Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis
The medical value that Citrus chachiensis Hort. is higher.
2, the present invention have studied the fertilizer of special formulation, can be universally used in the base manure of soil and follow-up topdressing, and changes organic
Fertile select plurality of raw materials and develop suitable leaven and decomposition agent is formulated, having of raw material used essentially naturally occurring
Machine waste material, cooperate between various nutritions, ratio moderate, be suitable for Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis growth demand, it is possible to increase the life of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis
Long speed, changes the ecological environment of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis rhizosphere, is prone to Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis Root Absorption simultaneously, has strong root of improving the soil, and reconciles soil acid
Basicity, decomposes and is not easily decomposed the nutrient fixed in soil, and in suppression soil, the breeding of noxious bacteria, applies to the reason of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis
Think fertilizer, while improving Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis yield, energy successive elimination pollution by chemical fertilizer, reduces being excessively used of chemical fertilizer and causes many negative effects
Should, such as soil property pollution, environmental pollution etc.；So that Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis reaches nuisanceless degree, better ensure that the drug effect of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis is worth.Logical
Crossing the cooperation of the various means of the present invention, can make the content of hesperidin in Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis dry product is about 0.121%, is national standard
4 times of 0.030%.
[detailed description of the invention]
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, mainly includes soil improvement, breeds, plants and the step of field management, wherein,
Field management includes the management of liquid manure, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the pruning of branch and winter warming, method particularly includes:
First carry out the improvement of soil, select sun-drenched planting site, use in the previous year of plantation and plough deeply machine by soil
Earth is ploughed deeply, and ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 30-40cm；Soil after ploughing deeply tans by the sun 3 months, plays sterilizing and removes the effect of weeds,
Then putting goose on planting site in a suitable place to breed 6 months, the benefit one putting goose in a suitable place to breed is the weeds that goose can be allowed to search for food on planting site, it is ensured that follow-up
Not endangered by weed seed, two is to allow goose excrement go back to field, and output non-harmful crops weeds dish becomes the feedstuff of goose, then
The goose of output high-quality；Soil improvement is additionally included in planting site application of organic fertilizers as base manure；
Then cuttage or grafting is used to carry out the breeding of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis Seedling；Seed after breeding is implanted in the planting site after improvement
In soil；
The management of liquid manure to be paid close attention to during Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant strain growth, the management topdressed is in flower early stage, florescence, result
Phase, fruit picking phase use fertilizer respectively to topdress once；Wherein, the employing following methods that topdresses of fruit picking phase is carried out: on the both sides of plant
Drip along Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis tree crown excavates wide 40 centimetres, the ditch of deep 40 centimetres, with the soil dug out after every strain organic fertilizer 8-9 kilogram
Backfill.After the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is discovery disease, uses Predatory Mites to throw in and prevent and treat on Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant.
The branch of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant can not be allowed to growth, in order to avoid branch is too much, part branch can not receive the illumination of abundance, shadow
Ringing and bear fruit, the applicant has formulated the pressure Seedling principle of the three thirds, i.e. by pruning the quantity controlling branch, makes every branch newly send
Branch number be up to 3, make the external branch of branch thus expand tree crown, make full use of photosynthesis；It is to work as trunk during concrete pruning
After growth produces branch, at most retain 3 more healthy and stronger branches as one-level branch by pruning；When the growth of one-level branch produces
After branch, by pruning at most 3 more healthy and stronger branches of reservation as two grades of branchs, then the quantity of two grades of branchs is up to 9；
After the growth of two grades of branchs produces branch, retain 3 more healthy and stronger branches as three grades of branchs by pruning, then three grades of branchs
Quantity is up to 27.
When winter temperature is too low, general Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis can stop yielding positive results, and the present invention is by three thirds pressure Seedling principle and ties
Close winter warming measure, Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis can be made to yield positive results in the winter time, winter warming measure be use the annual 12-2 month Folium Artemisiae Argyi branch,
Caulis et Folium Oryzae or improving straw mulching are at Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis root, and with earth in Folium Artemisiae Argyi branch, Caulis et Folium Oryzae or straw superficial compaction.
Wherein base fertilizer and the fertilizer used that topdresses are prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: corn straw 200 parts, awns
Pit 50 parts, walnut shell 30 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 30 parts, Folium Querci Mongolicae 10 parts, Bombyx mori L. 150 parts, wormcast 100 parts, mixing mushroom bran 150
Part, filter mud of sugar refinery 70 parts, 3 parts of brown sugar, decomposition agent 16 parts, enzymatic microorganism 28 parts, diethylamino ethanol caproate 2 parts；Wherein, described
Decomposition agent is by potassium molybdate 40%, sodium citrate 25%, ammonium nitro-humate 16%, Gypsum Fibrosum 10%, boron by weight percentage
Acid 6%, MAP 3% mix；Described mixing mushroom bran is to utilize astragalus root dregs, Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis medicinal residues, manioc waste, rice chaff, cotton
Seed shell, quick lime are by-product after culturing edible fungus after 1:1:2:3:4:0.2 mixing according to weight ratio；Wherein, enzymatic microorganism is
Mass ratio is the nitrogen-fixing bacteria of 1:1:1:1:1, dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, nitrobacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis.Described organic
The fertile consumption as base manure is every mu of 1800kg, is every strain 8-9kg as the usage amount topdressed.
The preparation method of this fertilizer is as follows:
(1) by shredding corn stalk to length less than 5cm, the then moisture content of adjusting corn straw by the way of water spray
To 48%；By Semen Mangiferae indicae, walnut shell boiling water boiling 0.5 hour；Filter mud of sugar refinery is air-dried to water content be 40%；
(2) after enzymatic microorganism and brown sugar being dissolved by suitable quantity of water with regulation moisture content after corn straw, Fructus Mangifera Indicae after boiling
Walnut shell after core, boiling, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Folium Querci Mongolicae, Bombyx mori L., wormcast, mixing mushroom bran, air-dry after filter mud of sugar refinery, decomposition agent mixes
Close uniformly, obtain premix；
(3) premix is piled on concrete floor the fertile heap of high 1.5m, covers with gunnysack and ferment on Fei Dui surface；
(4) keeping the temperature in fertile heap at 60 DEG C in sweat, humidity is 45%, carries out turning when heap temperature is more than 65 DEG C
Or spray cooling, after fermenting 21 days, one time fermentation terminates；Then during turning, add diethylamino ethanol caproate mix
Close uniformly, ferment in second time 4 days below 40 DEG C subsequently, obtain Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plantation fertilizer special for organic.
Embodiment 2
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, mainly includes soil improvement, breeds, plants and the step of field management, wherein,
Field management includes the management of liquid manure, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the pruning of branch and winter warming, method particularly includes:
First carry out the improvement of soil, select sun-drenched planting site, use in the previous year of plantation and plough deeply machine by soil
Earth is ploughed deeply, and ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 30-40cm；Soil after ploughing deeply tans by the sun 4 months, plays sterilizing and removes the effect of weeds,
Then putting goose on planting site in a suitable place to breed 3 months, the benefit one putting goose in a suitable place to breed is the weeds that goose can be allowed to search for food on planting site, it is ensured that follow-up
Not endangered by weed seed, two is to allow goose excrement go back to field, and output non-harmful crops weeds dish becomes the feedstuff of goose, then
The goose of output high-quality；Soil improvement is additionally included in planting site application of organic fertilizers as base manure；
Then cuttage or grafting is used to carry out the breeding of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis Seedling；Seed after breeding is implanted in the implantation body after improvement
In soil；
The management of liquid manure to be paid close attention to during Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant strain growth, the management topdressed is in flower early stage, florescence, result
Phase, fruit picking phase use fertilizer respectively to topdress once；Wherein, the employing following methods that topdresses of fruit picking phase is carried out: on the both sides of plant
Drip along Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis tree crown excavates wide 40 centimetres, the ditch of deep 40 centimetres, and after every strain organic fertilizer 9-10 kilogram, use is dug out
Earthen backfill.After the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is discovery disease, it is sprayed on Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis blade control insect population initially with azadirachtin insecticide
Number, then use Predatory Mites input to prevent and treat on Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant.Solved the harm of insect by Predatory Mites, be avoided that and execute
With excess fertilizer, it is ensured that Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis is not polluted by pesticide.
The branch of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant can not be allowed to growth, in order to avoid branch is too much, part branch can not receive the illumination of abundance, shadow
Ringing and bear fruit, the applicant has formulated the pressure Seedling principle of the three thirds, i.e. by pruning the quantity controlling branch, makes every branch newly send
Branch number be up to 3, make the external branch of branch thus expand tree crown, make full use of photosynthesis；It is to work as trunk during concrete pruning
After growth produces branch, at most retain 3 more healthy and stronger branches as one-level branch by pruning；When the growth of one-level branch produces
After branch, by pruning at most 3 more healthy and stronger branches of reservation as two grades of branchs, then the quantity of two grades of branchs is up to 9；
After the growth of two grades of branchs produces branch, retain 3 more healthy and stronger branches as three grades of branchs by pruning, then three grades of branchs
Quantity is up to 27.
When winter temperature is too low, general Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis can stop yielding positive results, and the present invention is by three thirds pressure Seedling principle and ties
Close winter warming measure, Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis can be made to yield positive results in the winter time, winter warming measure be use the annual 12-2 month Folium Artemisiae Argyi branch,
Caulis et Folium Oryzae or improving straw mulching are at Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis root, and with earth in Folium Artemisiae Argyi branch, Caulis et Folium Oryzae or straw superficial compaction.
Wherein base fertilizer and the fertilizer used that topdresses are prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: corn straw 300 parts, awns
Pit 80 parts, walnut shell 50 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 50 parts, Folium Querci Mongolicae 25 parts, Bombyx mori L. 200 parts, wormcast 150 parts, mixing mushroom bran 200
Part, filter mud of sugar refinery 110 parts, 5 parts of brown sugar, decomposition agent 25 parts, enzymatic microorganism 50 parts, diethylamino ethanol caproate 3 parts；Wherein, institute
Stating decomposition agent is by potassium molybdate potassium molybdate 50%, sodium citrate 9%, ammonium nitro-humate 16%, Gypsum Fibrosum by weight percentage
12%, boric acid 9%, MAP 4% mix；Described mixing mushroom bran be utilize astragalus root dregs, Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis medicinal residues, manioc waste,
Rice chaff, cotton seed hulls, quick lime are by-product after culturing edible fungus after 1:1:3:4:5:0.3 mixing according to weight ratio；Wherein, ferment
Element bacterium be mass ratio be the nitrogen-fixing bacteria of 1:1:1:1:1, dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, nitrobacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis.Institute
Stating fertilizer as the consumption of base manure is every mu of 1800kg, is every strain 9-10kg as the usage amount topdressed.
The preparation method of this fertilizer is as follows:
(1) by shredding corn stalk to length less than 5cm, the then moisture content of adjusting corn straw by the way of water spray
To 55%；By Semen Mangiferae indicae, walnut shell boiling water boiling 1 hour；Filter mud of sugar refinery is air-dried to water content be 50%；
(2) after enzymatic microorganism and brown sugar being dissolved by suitable quantity of water with regulation moisture content after corn straw, Fructus Mangifera Indicae after boiling
Walnut shell after core, boiling, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Folium Querci Mongolicae, Bombyx mori L., wormcast, mixing mushroom bran, air-dry after filter mud of sugar refinery, decomposition agent mixes
Close uniformly, obtain premix；
(3) premix is piled on concrete floor the fertile heap of high 2.0m, covers with gunnysack and ferment on Fei Dui surface；
(4) keeping the temperature in fertile heap at 65 DEG C in sweat, humidity is 50%, carries out turning when heap temperature is more than 65 DEG C
Or spray cooling, after fermenting 28 days, one time fermentation terminates；Then during turning, add diethylamino ethanol caproate mix
Close uniformly, ferment in second time 2 days below 40 DEG C subsequently, obtain Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plantation fertilizer special for organic.
By the cooperation of the various means of the present invention, dry product made by plantation gained Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, and content of hesperidin therein is
About 0.121%, it is 4 times of national standard 0.030%；And use embodiment 1 and 2 kind of finger citron tree planted can hang throughout the year
Really, Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis dry product 600Kg can be produced per year for every mu, and existing implantation methods, the yield of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis dry product only has every mu of 300Kg.
Described above is the detailed description for the preferable possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is not limited to this
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, all should belong to
In the contained the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an implantation methods for Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, including soil improvement, breeds, plants and the step of field management, and described field is managed
Reason includes the management of liquid manure, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the pruning of branch and winter warming, it is characterised in that:
Described soil improvement is to select sun-drenched planting site, uses in the previous year of plantation and ploughs deeply machine by soil deep tillage, deeply
Turning over the degree of depth is 30-40cm；Soil after ploughing deeply tans by the sun 3-4 month, then puts in a suitable place to breed on planting site goose 3-6 month, then in plantation
Ground application of organic fertilizers is as base manure；
Described water and fertilizer management is to use fertilizer respectively to topdress once in flower early stage, florescence, fruiting period, fruit picking phase；
The pressure Seedling principle pruning the employing three thirds of described branch, i.e. by pruning the quantity controlling branch, makes every branch newly send out
The branch number gone out is up to 3, makes the external branch of branch thus expands tree crown, makes full use of photosynthesis；
Described winter warming is to use Folium Artemisiae Argyi branch, Caulis et Folium Oryzae or improving straw mulching at Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis root the annual 12-2 month, and using mud
Soil is in Folium Artemisiae Argyi branch, Caulis et Folium Oryzae or straw superficial compaction.
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pressure Seedling principle of the described three thirds
It is by pruning the quantity controlling branch, specially after trunk growth produces branch, more healthy and stronger by pruning at most reservation 3
Branch as one-level branch；After the growth of one-level branch produces branch, make by pruning at most 3 more healthy and stronger branches of reservation
Be two grades of branchs, then the quantity of two grades of branchs is up to 9；After two grades of branch growths produce branch, retain 3 by pruning
More healthy and stronger branch is as three grades of branchs, then the quantity of three grades of branchs is up to 27.
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described breeding uses cuttage
Or grafting.
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is
After finding disease, use Predatory Mites to throw in and prevent and treat on Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant.
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is
After finding disease, it is sprayed on Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis blade control insect population number initially with azadirachtin insecticide, then uses Predatory Mites to throw in
Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plant prevents and treats.
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described fertilizer be by with
The raw material of lower weight portion is prepared from: corn straw 200-300 part, Semen Mangiferae indicae 50-80 part, walnut shell 30-50 part, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae
30-50 part, Folium Querci Mongolicae 10-25 part, Bombyx mori L. 150-200 part, wormcast 100-150 part, mixing mushroom bran 150-200 part, sugar refinery filter
Mud 70-110 part, brown sugar 3-5 part, decomposition agent 16-25 part, enzymatic microorganism 28-50 part, diethylamino ethanol caproate 2-3 part；Its
In,
Described decomposition agent is by potassium molybdate 40-50%, sodium citrate 9-25%, ammonium nitro-humate 12-by weight percentage
16%, Gypsum Fibrosum 8-12%, boric acid 6-9%, MAP 3-5% mix；
Described mixing mushroom bran is to utilize astragalus root dregs, Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis medicinal residues, manioc waste, rice chaff, cotton seed hulls, the quick lime to be according to weight ratio
By-product after culturing edible fungus after 1:1:2-3:3-4:4-5:0.2-0.3 mixing；
Described fertilizer is every mu of 1800kg as the consumption of base manure, is every strain 8-10kg as the usage amount topdressed.
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described enzymatic microorganism is that mass ratio is
The nitrogen-fixing bacteria of 1:1:1:1:1, dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, nitrobacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis.
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described fertilizer uses with lower section
Method prepares:
(1) by shredding corn stalk to length less than 5cm, then by the way of water spray, the moisture content of adjusting corn straw is extremely
48-55%；By Semen Mangiferae indicae, walnut shell boiling water boiling 0.5-1 hour；Filter mud of sugar refinery is air-dried to water content be 40-50%；
(2) after enzymatic microorganism and brown sugar suitable quantity of water being dissolved with regulation moisture content after corn straw, Semen Mangiferae indicae after boiling, boil
Walnut shell after system, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Folium Querci Mongolicae, Bombyx mori L., wormcast, mixing mushroom bran, air-dry after filter mud of sugar refinery, decomposition agent mixing all
Even, obtain premix；
(3) premix is piled on concrete floor the fertile heap of high 1.5-2.0m, covers with gunnysack and ferment on Fei Dui surface；
(4) keeping the temperature in fertile heap at 60-65 DEG C in sweat, humidity is 45-50%, turns over when heap temperature is more than 65 DEG C
Heap or spray cooling, after fermenting 21-28 days, one time fermentation terminates；Then during turning, add hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol
Ester mix homogeneously, subsequently ferment in second time 2-4 days below 40 DEG C, obtain Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis plantation fertilizer special for organic.
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in described water and fertilizer management, the fruit picking phase
Topdress and use following methods to carry out: wide 40 centimetres at the drip excavation of the two edge finger citron trees hats of plant, deep 40 centimetres
Ditch, with the earthen backfill dug out after every strain organic fertilizer 8-10 kilogram.
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| CN108464211A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-31 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of bletilla inoculation method rich in various trace elements |
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