CN114586624A - Efficient seedling raising method for euphorbia pekinensis seeds - Google Patents
Efficient seedling raising method for euphorbia pekinensis seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN114586624A CN114586624A CN202210369550.5A CN202210369550A CN114586624A CN 114586624 A CN114586624 A CN 114586624A CN 202210369550 A CN202210369550 A CN 202210369550A CN 114586624 A CN114586624 A CN 114586624A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient seedling raising method for euphorbia pekinensis seeds, which comprises the following parts: 1) seed preparation: during collection, selecting mature and full seeds, and collecting one batch of mature seeds; picking up the fruit ears together, hanging the picked fruit in a ventilated place for preservation, removing impurities, kneading, and then cleaning and selecting clean seeds; 2) pretreatment of seeds: accelerating germination and then sowing; 3) water content management: watering on time to keep the humidity of a seedling raising field and ensure normal seedling emergence of the euphorbia pekinensis; 4) field management: after the euphorbia pekinensis sprouts, weeding is carried out by hands, so that the surface of the moist bed and an operation channel are clean and free of impurities; 5) intertillage management, fertilizing for 3-4 times in the whole growth period, cutting off the withered plants on the ground after the plants wither in winter, cleaning the field and cultivating soil by burning soil; 6) pest control, namely, a green control method is adopted to control the euphorbia pekinensis, the blight and the root rot; the invention solves the problems of difficult germination and low seedling rate of the euphorbia pekinensis seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to an efficient seedling raising method for euphorbia pekinensis seeds.
Background
The radix Knoxiae is root tuber of Knoxia valerianoides Thorel ex Pitard of Rubiaceae, and has effects of purging water, resolving fluid retention, relieving swelling and resolving hard mass. Can be used for treating edema, hydrothorax, abdominal dropsy, phlegm accumulation, cough and asthma due to adverse flow of qi, constipation, carbuncle, suppurative sore, and illness phlegm nodule. Hundreds of drugs on the market are produced by taking euphorbia as a raw material, such as Zijin troche (powder), saliva control pill, and the like. The market is always well sold and ascended, and wild resources in Yunnan, Guangxi and other provinces of the original production place are subjected to dozens of loads and large mining and excavation, and are imminent to exhaustion. However, related researches on the euphorbia pekinensis are limited, and a systematic improved variety breeding technology, a seedling breeding technical system and an introduction domestication cultivation technology are not formed. Especially, the research on the characteristics of the seeds, namely the dormancy breaking and seedling forming technology is blank.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an efficient euphorbia pekinensis seed seedling raising method, mainly aiming at euphorbia pekinensis seedling breeding difficulty, researches from aspects of fruit treatment, seed germination acceleration and pest control, and establishes an operation scheme to solve the defects caused in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an efficient seedling raising method for euphorbia pekinensis seeds comprises the following parts:
1) seed preparation: during collection, selecting mature and full seeds, and collecting one batch of mature seeds; picking up fruit clusters together, hanging the picked fruit clusters in a ventilated place for preservation according to the amount of about 5kg per part, removing impurities such as shells and the like from the air-dried fruit clusters, kneading, and then cleaning and selecting clean seeds;
2) pretreatment of seeds: accelerating germination and then sowing;
3) water content management: watering on time to keep the humidity of a seedling raising field and ensure normal seedling emergence of the euphorbia pekinensis;
4) field management: after the euphorbia pekinensis sprouts, weeding is carried out by hands, so that the surface of the moist bed and an operation channel are clean and free of impurities;
5) intertillage management, fertilizing for 3-4 times in the whole growth period, cutting off the withered plants on the ground after the plants wither in winter, cleaning the field and cultivating soil by burning soil;
6) and (4) pest control.
Preferably, in the part 1), dark yellow clusters of the caryopses are collected in batches within 8-10 months, the clusters are placed in a ventilated place for natural air drying (without exposure) by using a mesh bag, the caryopses are rubbed and kneaded after being dried, and seeds are selected and placed in the ventilated and dried place for later use.
Preferably, in the part 2), pregermination is carried out about 10 days before sowing, seeds and coconut coir are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:20, the mixture is kept wet, the mixture is placed in a dark place, the pH value is 6.0-6.5, the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the mixture is treated for about 25 days, and the mixture needs to be turned over once about 2 days in the period, so that the matrix is kept loose; sowing can be carried out when 80% of radicles are exposed out of the seed coats by about 1 mm; 5kg of dosage per mu, sowing in a broadcasting manner, wherein during sowing: the seeds and the coconut chaff are sowed on surfaces according to standard seed quantity, then the coconut chaff with the thickness of about 0.5cm is covered to keep water, and the pine wool is covered to preserve moisture and heat with the thickness of 2cm, and the water is poured in a watering mode.
Preferably, in the part 3), the seedling raising land is watered by adopting a spraying mode between nine to ten points every Monday, Friday and morning, the spraying time is 5min, and the soil humidity of the seedling raising land is kept at 25%; after summer, water was sprayed into the greenhouse before 10 am every day to maintain the humidity in the greenhouse while keeping the ventilation state in the greenhouse.
Preferably, the part 5) is applied with 1 st fertilizer when the height of the seedling is 15cm, then applied with 1 time every 40 days, and applied with 3-4 times in the whole growth period, wherein the fertilizer is decomposed by 30t/hm of farmyard manure2Or decomposed peanut bran or tung bran diluted water fertilizer 22.5t/hm2。
Preferably, in the part 6), the measures for preventing and treating the euphorbia pekinensis, the blight and the root rot are green, the bacillus subtilis and the fulvic acid are used for combined application after sowing, the blight, the rest root rot and the blight are prevented and treated, and the fulvic acid (2-6 percent) can effectively stimulate the growth of the bacillus subtilis and effectively improve the viable count in the fermentation product.
The beneficial effect of adopting above technical scheme is: through researches on fruit treatment, seed germination acceleration and pest control, the problems of difficult germination and low seedling rate of euphorbia pekinensis seeds are solved, the euphorbia pekinensis seedling breeding technical specification is established, and the method has important significance for promoting and improving standardization and normalization of euphorbia pekinensis planting.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.
To solve the problems of difficult germination and low seedling rate of euphorbia kansuensis seeds, the following researches are carried out.
Firstly, the characteristics of the euphorbia pekinensis seeds are needed to be known, the seeds are fine, 1.67mm in length, 0.87mm in diameter and 0.43g in thousand kernel weight, the germination rate of the seeds scattered naturally on the ground is less than 1%, and the seeds are propagated very slowly. According to the observation of preliminary experiments, the germination rate of fully developed and mature seeds can reach 20-50%, while the germination rate of incompletely developed and insufficiently developed seeds is less than 5%.
The method comprises the steps of collecting mature fruits in a batch when the mature periods of euphorbia kansuensis seeds are inconsistent, collecting the mature fruits in the first ten days of 7 months to the first 11 months, selecting the mature and full seeds which are yellow or tawny and fall immediately after bumping from the ears during collection, collecting the ears together, hanging the collected fruits in a ventilated place for preservation according to the amount of about 5kg per part, removing impurities such as shells and the like from the air-dried ears, and winnowing the clean seeds.
Uniformly mixing the seeds and the coconut chaff according to the mass ratio of 1:20, keeping the mixture moist (preferably, the mixture can not be extruded to produce water), placing the mixture in a dark place (keeping out of the sun), keeping the temperature at 25-28 ℃ for about 10 days, and enabling the radicle to break through the seed coat (about 1mm of 80 percent of the radicle is exposed out of the seed coat), thus seeding.
Study on water absorption characteristics of euphorbia kankinensis seeds
When seeds germinate, the first process is water absorption. The seed soaks the back and makes the seed coat expand, soften, can make more oxygen permeate through inside the seed coat gets into the seed, and carbon dioxide permeates through the seed coat simultaneously and discharges, and the physical state of the inside changes, and the seed can only start the activity of a series of enzymes after must absorbing sufficient moisture, and the seed can germinate.
In 2h, the euphorbia seeds absorb water rapidly, the water absorption rate reaches 98.57%, 2-4h is a slow water absorption period, the water absorption rate is about 133.05%, and the water absorption is almost stopped after 8 h. The water absorption time of the psammosilene tunicoides seeds is about 8 hours, and the water absorption rate reaches 131.12%.
River sand, filter paper, coconut chaff and the like are selected to investigate the germination bed suitable for the euphorbia pekinensis to germinate, the germination rates of the coconut chaff and the river sand are obviously high, and the euphorbia pekinensis seeds break through the seed coats after 10 days and expose hypocotyls under the condition of keeping 60-70% of humidity. And the germination rate and the germination time of the filter paper begin to break through the seed coat until 15 days later, and the embryonic axis is exposed. The coconut chaff and river sand are comprehensively considered to be the most suitable germinating bed for the euphorbia pekinensis.
According to the observation of 12h of illumination-12 h of dark culture, 24h of illumination and 24h of darkness, the germination rate of the culture in 24h of darkness is obviously higher than that of the other two treatments. Therefore, it is suitable to treat the seeds in the dark. In addition, we found that the euphorbia pekinensis seeds and the humus soil are mixed in the field in spring sowing (3 months) and then are kept at a certain humidity (60% -70%), the seeds can break through seed coats and start to germinate in about 10 days, and the seeds cannot germinate in autumn sowing (10 months), supposedly: the euphorbia pekinensis seeds have the after-ripening phenomenon, and after the after-ripening is finished, the seeds are easy to germinate under the proper temperature condition, and the illumination influence is small.
According to the climatic characteristics of a planting base (Chuxiong): when the local area begins to frost after entering 11 months, the low temperature is low, the plants generally enter a dormancy stage, and the plants are sown in 9 months, 11 months, 2 months and 3 months in the next year by combining the germination characteristics of the euphorbia kansuensis seeds, and the growth conditions are compared, so that the euphorbia kansuensis sown in 2 months, 3 months and 4 months in the next year has better growth vigor in the next year, high germination rate (more than 85 percent) and large underground root tubers. In contrast, the euphorbia pekinensis sowed in 9 and 11 months has extremely low germination rate (less than 5%) due to low temperature after seed maturation and sowing, which may be related to low temperature after seed maturation and sowing.
Accelerating germination about 10 days before sowing, uniformly mixing the seeds and coconut chaff according to the mass ratio of 1:20, keeping the mixture moist (preferably, the mixture is not extruded to generate water), placing the mixture in a dark place (in a dark place), and sowing the mixture when the radicle starts to break through the seed coat after about 10 days at the temperature of 25 ℃.
Accelerating germination before sowing about 10 days, uniformly mixing the seeds and coconut chaff according to the mass ratio of 1:20, keeping the mixture moist (preferably, water is not extruded), placing the mixture in a dark place (in dark), keeping the temperature at 25 ℃, and allowing the radicle to break through the seed coat after about 10 days, thus sowing.
The euphorbia helioscopia is a photophobic plant, is suitable for growth under low shading degree, avoids water accumulation and is not drought-enduring. The seedling raising field is arranged in the greenhouse, so that watering is needed on time to keep the humidity of the seedling raising field and ensure that the euphorbia pekinensis can normally emerge. And watering the seedling raising land by adopting a spraying mode between nine to ten points every monday, wednesday and friday morning, wherein the spraying time is about 5min, so that the soil humidity of the seedling raising land can be kept about 25%, and the normal seedling emergence and the normal growth of seedlings of the euphorbia kansuensis can be ensured. After summer, the humidity in the greenhouse is reduced, the euphorbia pekinensis is not beneficial to growth, water is sprayed in the greenhouse to keep the humidity in the greenhouse before 10 o' clock every day, water cannot be sprayed in the noon, and meanwhile, ventilation is kept in the greenhouse.
In midsummer, the temperature is very high, the temperature of the euphorbia pekinensis leaf surface can be as high as about 40 ℃, the transpiration effect is strong, meanwhile, the water evaporation is fast, the root system needs to continuously absorb the water, and the loss of the leaf surface transpiration is supplemented. If cold water is poured at this time, although water is added to the pot soil, the temperature of the soil is suddenly lowered, and the root hairs are stimulated by low temperature, so that the normal absorption of water is immediately hindered.
At this time, because the euphorbia pekinensis is not prepared in vivo and leaf pores are not closed, water loses the balance of supply and demand, leaf surface thin changes from a tense state to wilting, plants generate physiological drought, leaves are scorched, and the death of the whole plants can be caused in severe cases. Therefore, the watering in summer is preferably performed in the morning and at the evening.
After the euphorbia pekinensis emerges, weeds grow along with the euphorbia pekinensis, and the euphorbia pekinensis is removed before the euphorbia pekinensis grows to affect the growth of the euphorbia pekinensis (see that the weeds are removed). When the weeds are pulled out, only manual pulling is needed, and the roots of the euphorbia pekinensis seedlings cannot be injured when the weeds are pulled out due to small seedlings and shallow roots, so that the surface of a soil moisture bed and an operation channel are clean and free of weeds, the weeds and the euphorbia pekinensis are prevented from competing for nutrients, and the use of chemical herbicides is forbidden.
Applying fertilizer for the 1 st time when the height of the seedling is 15cm, applying fertilizer for the 3-4 times in the whole growth period at intervals of 1 time after 40d, and applying decomposed farmyard manure for 30t/hm2Or decomposed peanut bran or tung bran diluted water fertilizer 22.5t/hm2. And (5) properly earthing up in combination with fertilization to prevent the plants from lodging. After the plants wither in winter, the withered plants on the ground are cut off, the field is cleaned, and soil is filled by burning fire.
In the actual process of euphorbia pekinensis production, the euphorbia pekinensis has good growth of diseases and insect pests, the diseases and the insect pests are few, the diseases and the insect pests mainly comprise southern blight, spot blight, root rot and the like, the insect pests are also few, and the main discovered pests are cutworms and chafer.
Regarding the control measures of the euphorbia pekinensis, the blight and the root rot, green control is adopted, the bacillus subtilis and the fulvic acid are used in a combined mode after sowing, the blight, the rest root rot and the blight are controlled, the fulvic acid (2% -6%) can effectively stimulate the growth of the bacillus subtilis, the viable count in the fermentation product is effectively improved, and the control effect is realized due to the traditional control; and pesticide residue can be reduced, and green prevention and control can be realized.
Aiming at severe symptoms, the following medicaments are adopted for preventing and treating.
Southern blight of Euphorbia
(1) Major symptoms of jolkleaf euphorbia
Sclerotium disease of the genus euphorbia, is caused by infection of the deuteromycotina, neat sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. The germs mainly harm the roots of the euphorbia pekinensis, the stems and leaves on the ground in the early stage of disease attack are wilted at high temperature in noon, then the stem is dried to die, and the stem is easy to pull up; the early stage of the scab of the root is dark brown, oval or unplanned, white spun silk-like hyphae are coated on the scab along with the enlargement of the scab, and the hyphae cover the whole root surface when the scab is serious; rapeseed-like sclerotia are formed on the surface of the hypha in the later period of the disease, the primary part is grey white, and the color is gradually changed into dark brown; the roots become color and soft rot, and diseased tissues are fibrous. When the weather is wet, the hypha layer can spread to the soil around the diseased plant to form dark brown and rapeseed-like sclerotia.
(2) The occurrence characteristics of the Kigelia root sclerotium disease
The bacteria live through the winter in the soil or on the disease roots by mycelium or sclerotium, the mycelium can survive for 1 to 2 years in the soil generally, and the sclerotium can survive for 5 to 6 years in the soil. The plant diseases can be caused at 10-40 ℃, and the optimal temperature for the diseases is 25-35 ℃. When the temperature is proper in the next year, sclerotium germinates to generate new mycelia, the mycelia grow and spread in the soil to infect the roots of the euphorbia pekinensis, and pathogenic bacteria are spread in the soil along with surface water flow. The germs are fond of high temperature and high humidity, so the euphorbia pekinensis frequently occurs in high temperature and rainy seasons, generally, the euphorbia pekinensis starts to develop in the first ten days of 6 months, the disease is in the peak period when the temperature rises to about 30 ℃ in 7-8 months, and the disease stops at the end of 9 months. The disease is easy to occur in acid to neutral soil and sandy soil, and the disease is serious in continuous cropping land.
(3) Knoxia sclerotium disease prevention and treatment measure
And (3) reasonably performing rotation: in the fields with serious southern blight, crop rotation is carried out for 2-3 years, and the crops with southern blight are not easy to occur, but not suitable for crops such as Chinese yam, rehmannia root, rape, peanut and the like.
And (3) preventing and treating by using a medicament: the 12.5 percent diniconazole wettable powder is used for 1000 times liquid for root irrigation at the initial stage of disease incidence, or 40 percent Fuxing missible oil 6000-fold 8000-fold liquid and 80 percent mancozeb wettable powder 600-fold 800-fold liquid are selected for spray prevention and control. Spraying every 10-15 days for 2-3 times.
Leaf blight of Euphorbia
(1) Major symptoms of red euphorbia leaf blight
The mycosis of the euphorbia maculata is caused by the Septoria citricola. The main harm to the leaves is that the old leaves usually attack the disease first and often attack the disease from the leaf tip or the leaf margin; round brown oil stain-shaped small spots appear on leaves at the early stage of disease attack, and disease spots are enlarged or healed with each other at the later stage to form middle gray, brown oval or unplanned disease spots, which can cause dry leaves and death in severe cases. When the weather is moist, dark small specks (conidia) appear on the lesion.
(2) The occurrence characteristics of the knoxia root leaf blight
The pathogenic bacteria can live through the winter by the mycelium which is latent in the seed coat, and can also live through the winter on the disease plant residue. The bacteria in the seed coat can survive for more than a year. The disease can be caused at 8-32 ℃, and the optimal disease temperature is 20-25 ℃. Under proper conditions, the germs form conidiophores and conidia on seed coats and disease plant residues, the conidia are mainly spread by wind and rain, and the germ-carrying seeds can be spread in a long distance. Conidia germinate to generate germ tubes, and invade the body from stomata of leaves or directly penetrate the epidermis. After invasion, hyphae spread and develop in the host cells, finally symptoms are expressed, and conidiophores and conidia are generated on the lesion spots for secondary infection. The important factors influencing the occurrence of the spot blight are cold and high-humidity climatic conditions. In 7-9 months, the disease is serious in rainy days and can spread and spread rapidly.
(3) Control measure for euphorbia pekinensis leaf spot blight
Seed disinfection: the seed carrying bacteria is the main primary infection source of the euphorbia pekinensis spot blight, the seed disinfection is the key measure for preventing and treating the spot blight, the seeds can be soaked in warm water at 48-50 ℃ for 30min, and the seeds are continuously stirred during soaking, so that the seeds are uniformly heated.
Cleaning a field: after seedlings are poured out in winter, dry stems and leaves in the field and fallen leaves on the ground are removed, and the seedlings are taken out of the garden and burnt out in a centralized way.
And (3) preventing and treating by using a medicament: the liquid of 1: 200 Bordeaux, the 800 times liquid of 50 percent carbendazim wettable powder 500-fold and the 600 times liquid of 65 percent zineb wettable powder are selected for spraying prevention and control in the early stage of disease attack. Spraying every 10-15 days for 2-3 times.
Root rot of knoxia root
(1) Root rot of Euphorbia
After the infection of germs, the root system gradually becomes yellow brown and decays, no new root occurs at the root, and the root bark becomes brown and decays. The leaves on the overground part become yellow and scorched and wilted, so that the whole plant dies and the leaves are dry.
(2) Knoxia root rot prevention and control measure
Finding out a diseased plant, timely pulling out the diseased plant, taking the diseased plant out of the base, and spreading quicklime around the diseased plant; in the initial stage of disease development, any one of 75% chlorothalonil 600-fold liquid, 25% metalaxyl 600-fold liquid, 70% mancozeb 600-fold liquid and 80% carbendazim 500-fold liquid is selected for root irrigation, and irrigation is carried out for 1 time from 7d to 10d, and prevention and treatment are carried out for 2 to 3 times.
Insect pest scarab
(1) Chief complaints
Gnawing euphorbia root and tuber or seedling, which are main underground pests. The mature larva cocoons and pupates underground. When the chafer bites the leaves, the leaves are incised and caved, and the leaves are eaten when heavy, only the veins are remained, which affects the growth of the euphorbia rubra.
(2) Prevention and treatment method
When the adult happens and is damaged, the stem of the euphorbia pekinensis is knocked and shaken by utilizing the pseudodeath property of the adult, and the adult is shaken and collected and eliminated in time; trapping and killing adults by using a lamp at night; spraying 1000-fold liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable solution, or 1500-fold liquid of 10% imidacloprid, or 3000-fold liquid of 20% pyrethrin on leaves of 6-7 months.
Gecko insect pest
(1) Chief complaints
The stem and the rhizome of the euphorbia pekinensis are eaten to cause the euphorbia pekinensis to form irregular pits or fall, and an old larva can damage a plurality of seedlings and cause seedling shortage.
(2) Prevention and control method
Trapping, killing and preventing: by utilizing the strong phototaxis of the imagoes and the special preference of the imagoes to the sugar-vinegar liquid, the imagoes are trapped and killed by arranging a black light lamp and a sugar-vinegar basin in the field. And (3) preventing and treating by using a medicament: 2.5 percent of deltamethrin emulsifiable solution 1000 times and 50 percent of phoxim emulsifiable solution 1500 times, and the mixture is sprayed or irrigated to roots.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An efficient seedling raising method for euphorbia pekinensis seeds is characterized by comprising the following parts:
1) seed preparation: during collection, selecting mature and full seeds, and collecting one batch of mature seeds; picking up fruit clusters together, hanging the picked fruit clusters in a ventilated place for preservation according to the amount of about 5kg per part, removing impurities such as shells and the like from the air-dried fruit clusters, kneading, and then cleaning and selecting clean seeds;
2) pretreatment of seeds: accelerating germination and then sowing;
3) water content management: watering on time to keep the humidity of a seedling raising field and ensure normal seedling emergence of the euphorbia pekinensis;
4) field management: after the euphorbia pekinensis sprouts, weeding is carried out by hands, so that the surface of the moist bed and an operation channel are clean and free of impurities;
5) intertillage management, fertilizing for 3-4 times in the whole growth period, cutting off the withered plants on the ground after the plants wither in winter, cleaning the field and cultivating soil by burning soil;
6) and (4) pest control.
2. The method for efficiently culturing the seedlings of the euphorbia pekinensis seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the part 1), clusters with dark yellow glumes in color are collected in batches within 8-10 months, the clusters are placed in a ventilation place through a mesh bag and naturally dried (the clusters cannot be exposed to the sun) until the clusters are dried, the fruits are kneaded, and the seeds are cleaned and placed in the ventilation and drying place for later use.
3. The method for efficiently culturing the seedlings of the euphorbia pekinensis seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the part 2), germination is accelerated about 10 days before sowing, the seeds and coconut coir are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:20, the mixture is kept wet, the mixture is placed in a dark place, the pH value is 6.0-6.5, the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the mixture is treated for about 25 days, and the mixture needs to be turned over about 2 days in the period, so that the matrix is kept loose; sowing can be carried out when 80% radicles are exposed out of the seed coats by about 1 mm; 5kg of dosage per mu, sowing in a broadcasting mode, and sowing in a broadcasting process: the seeds and the coconut chaff are sowed on surfaces according to standard seed quantity, then the coconut chaff with the thickness of about 0.5cm is covered to keep water, and the pine wool is covered to preserve moisture and heat with the thickness of 2cm, and the water is poured in a watering mode.
4. The euphorbia pekinensis seed efficient seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein in the part 3), the seedling raising land is watered by spraying every monday, wednesday and friday in the morning from nine to ten points, the spraying time is 5min, and the soil humidity of the seedling raising land is kept at 25%; after summer, water was sprayed into the greenhouse before 10 am every day to maintain the humidity in the greenhouse while keeping the ventilation state in the greenhouse.
5. The euphorbia pekinensis seed efficient seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the part 5) is applied with 1 st fertilizer when the height of the euphorbia pekinensis seeds is 15cm, then applied with 1 time every 40d, and applied with 3-4 times in the whole growth period, wherein the fertilizer is decomposed farmyard manure 30t/hm2Or decomposed peanut bran or tung bran diluted water fertilizer 22.5t/hm2。
6. The euphorbia pekinensis seed efficient seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein in the part 6), regarding the control measures of euphorbia pekinensis, blight and root rot, green control is adopted, after sowing, a bacillus subtilis and fulvic acid combined drug is adopted to control the blight and other root rot and blight, and fulvic acid (2% -6%) can effectively stimulate the growth of bacillus subtilis, effectively increase the number of viable bacteria in a fermentation product, improve the disease control efficiency of the bacillus subtilis and stimulate the growth of euphorbia pekinensis seedlings.
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| CN116808097A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-09-29 | 云南中医药大学 | Euphorbia pekinensis extract with hypoglycemic activity and application thereof |
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