CN114946326B - Sprouting and seeding method for seed of bergamot tree - Google Patents
Sprouting and seeding method for seed of bergamot tree Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
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- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
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Abstract
The application provides a germination accelerating and seeding method of a fragrant fruit tree seed, which comprises the following steps: s1, sterilizing freshly collected seeds of the bergamot trees; s2, soaking the seed of the bergamot tree by using the seed soaking agent A, and then, sand-storing for 30-45 days at the temperature of 4-5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C after sand storage for 30-45 days at 10-15 ℃, and sand storage for 30-45 days at 4-5 ℃; s3, culturing the seed of the bergamot tree treated by the S2 with a nutrient solution, and sprouting the seed after culturing for a period of time; s4, sowing the germinated seed of the bergamot tree to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to be 1000-3000 lx by adopting a sunshade net. The method can not only improve the vitality of the seed of the bergamot tree, but also shorten the germination time and improve the germination rate.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a germination accelerating and seeding method for a fragrant fruit tree seed.
Background
The bergamot tree (Emmenopterys henryi Oliv.) is a companion tree species in deciduous broadleaf forests or evergreen deciduous broadleaf mixed forests in the subtropical middle mountain or low mountain areas of China, and most of the branches grow scattered although the distribution range is wide. The fragrant fruit tree is not only suitable for landscaping and garden appreciation, but also has the characteristics of good texture, beautiful color and patterns and easy processing, is an excellent wood for carving, decoration, furniture and the like, and has higher economic value.
However, the natural updating capability of the bergamot trees is poor, and the fruit trees are increasingly reduced due to factors such as barren forestation and random cutting and deforestation. Among them, the reason for the poor natural renewal capacity of the bergamot trees is as follows: firstly, flowering and fruiting can be carried out only when the flowering and fruiting reach more than 30 years old, and the fruiting can be carried out only once every 2-4 years; secondly, the seed grains of the seed of the fruit tree are small, the weight is light, the thousand seed weight is about 0.5g, the nutrition accumulation of the seed is less, the weight skin is thin, the natural life is short, and the germination force of the seed is low. Therefore, in order to protect the rare or endangered species, population data is expanded, and research on the propagation technology of the bergamot trees is necessary.
Seed longevity refers to the time that the viability of a whole population of seeds has significantly declined, with half having lost germination capacity entirely. Studies show that the seed of the bergamot tree is stored under normal temperature, and the life is kept for about one year, but the life of the seed is gradually reduced from the beginning of storage along with the increase of the storage time, and the germination rate is directly reduced to about 32% from the beginning of 72%, or even lower. The life of the seed of the bergamot tree is short under normal temperature storage, and the population development of the bergamot tree is directly influenced. Therefore, attempts were made to maintain the viability of the seed of the bergamot tree using cryopreservation, as shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 germination of seed of Melissa officinalis under three temperature treatments
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the germination rate of the seed of the Melissa officinalis was reduced under the storage condition of 5℃but the vitality of the seed of the Melissa officinalis was remarkably maintained under the storage condition of 5℃compared with the storage condition of normal temperature and-5 ℃. However, the germination rate of 58% is still unfavorable for the population quantity expansion of the bergamot tree, so how to improve the vitality of the bergamot tree seeds is still a problem to be solved urgently.
At present, the propagation research of the bergamot trees mainly focuses on cutting cultivation and tissue cultivation, and the germination accelerating cultivation of the bergamot tree seeds is relatively less. For example, li Tiehua and the like are used for analyzing and researching the germination conditions of the fruit tree seeds under different light intensity conditions, and the money collar and the like are used for researching the germination conditions and embryo development conditions of the fruit tree seeds under different light and temperatures. However, the germination time of the seed of the bergamot tree is relatively long only by changing the temperature and the illumination, and the germination is stopped after 15 days from the 5 th day after the cultivation, and the total germination time is about 15 days. However, the germination time of the seed of the bergamot tree is too long, which is not beneficial to large-scale planting of the bergamot tree. Therefore, the germination accelerating conditions of the bergamot trees need to be studied to shorten the germination time and improve the germination rate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application aims to provide a germination accelerating and seeding method for the seed of the bergamot tree, which can not only improve the vitality of the seed of the bergamot tree, but also shorten the germination time and improve the germination rate.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows.
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the fruit tree seeds comprises the following steps:
s1, sterilizing freshly collected seeds of the bergamot trees;
s2, soaking the sterilized seed of the bergamot tree with the seed soaking agent A, and then sand-storing for 30-45 days at the temperature of 4-5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C after sand storage for 30-45 days at 10-15 ℃, and sand storage for 30-45 days at 4-5 ℃;
s3, culturing the seed of the bergamot tree treated by the S2 with a nutrient solution, and sprouting the seed and growing seedlings after a period of culture;
s4, transplanting the fragrant fruit tree seedlings to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to be 1000-3000 lx by adopting a sunshade net.
Further, in S1, the specific method of the disinfection treatment is as follows:
soaking the freshly collected seed of the bergamot tree in water for 2-4 h, soaking the seed in trisodium phosphate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10% for 20-30 min, filtering, and cleaning with water to remove disinfectant to obtain the bergamot tree seed.
Further, in S2, the seed soaking agent a is formulated as follows: 0.1-0.5 mmol/L salicylic acid, 10-15 mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent.
Further, in S2, the seed soaking agent B is formulated as follows: 1-5 mmol/L ABA, 0.01-0.03 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent.
Further, in S2, the seed soaking agent C is formulated as follows: 1 to 1.5mmol/L gibberellin, 0.1 to 0.5mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
In S2, the water content of the sand used in the sand storage process is 10-15%, and the sand is turned once every 2-3 days, and then sprayed with moisture.
Further, in S3, the culture conditions are: the culture temperature is controlled at 25+/-2 ℃, the illumination intensity is 1000-2000 lx, and the illumination time is 12-18 h/day.
In the step S3, the nutrient solution is prepared by adding an EM fermentation water extract into a 1/2MS mother solution and uniformly mixing; wherein, the volume ratio of the 1/2MS mother liquor to the EM fermentation water extract is 1-5: 1.
furthermore, the preparation method of the EM fermentation water extract comprises the following steps:
pulverizing fungus chaff, spraying moisture, keeping the water content at 55-65%, spraying EM bacterial liquid on the surface of the fungus chaff, covering a film with holes, fermenting at room temperature for 3-5 days, and obtaining a fermentation substrate after fermentation is completed; adding the fermentation substrate into water, heating and extracting at 60-70 ℃, and filtering to obtain an EM fermentation water extract;
wherein, the dosage ratio of the fungus chaff to the EM fungus liquid is 100g: 3-5 mL; the dosage ratio of the fermentation substrate to the water is 15-25 g:100mL.
In the step S4, the matrix used by the seedbed is composed of humus soil, perlite and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 3: 1-2: 2, mixing.
Further, in S4, the method further includes: spraying compound growth liquid on the young fruit tree seedlings to promote the growth of the young fruit tree seedlings; the preparation method of the composite growth solution comprises the following steps:
leaching the fallen leaves of the bergamot tree by using 50-70% ethanol solution at normal temperature after decomposition to obtain an extract A;
pulverizing willow branch, extracting with water at 50-60deg.C to obtain extractive solution B;
mixing the extracting solution A and the extracting solution B to obtain the composite growth solution.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
1. the application can delay the pre-germination of the seed of the bergamot tree by the combination of the three seed soaking agents, can maintain the vitality of the seed of the bergamot tree in the sand hiding process, is beneficial to the subsequent rapid promotion of the germination of the seed, shortens the germination time and improves the germination rate.
2. According to the application, the EM fermentation water extract is added into the MS mother liquor, so that nutrients are provided for seed germination, the germination rate and the vitality index are improved, the germination time is shortened, and the growth of seedling root systems is promoted.
3. The application is used for promoting the growth of seedlings by matching the extractive solution after the fallen leaves of the bergamot trees are decomposed with the willow branch extractive solution.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the fruit tree seeds comprises the following steps:
s1, disinfection treatment
Soaking fresh collected seed of the bergamot tree with water 10 times of the weight of the seed for 3h, soaking the seed with trisodium phosphate solution 10% in percentage by mass 10 times of the weight of the seed for 30min, filtering, and washing with water for 4 times to remove disinfectant.
S2, low Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.4mmol/L salicylic acid, 12mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 3mmol/L ABA, 0.02mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.2mmol/L gibberellin, 0.3mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with the seed soaking agent A, and then sand-storing for 40 days at the temperature of 5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C after sand storage at 15 ℃ for 40 days, and sand storage at 5 ℃ for 40 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 12%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
S3, seed germination
The preparation method of the EM fermentation water extract comprises the following steps:
pulverizing fungus chaff, spraying moisture, keeping the water content at 60%, spraying EM bacterial liquid on the surface of the fungus chaff, covering a film with holes, fermenting at room temperature for 4 days, and obtaining a fermentation substrate after fermentation is completed; adding the fermentation substrate into water, heating and extracting at 65 ℃, and filtering to obtain an EM fermentation water extract; wherein, the dosage ratio of the fungus chaff to the EM fungus liquid is 100g:4mL; the dosage ratio of the fermentation substrate to the water is 20g:100mL.
The nutrient solution is prepared by adding an EM fermentation water extract into a 1/2MS mother solution and uniformly mixing; wherein, the volume ratio of the 1/2MS mother liquor to the EM fermentation water extract is 4:1.
culturing the seed of the bergamot fruit tree treated by the S2 with a nutrient solution, controlling the culture temperature at 25+/-2 ℃, the illumination intensity at 1900lx and the illumination time at 15 h/day; after a period of cultivation, the seeds germinate and seedlings emerge.
S4, transplanting seedlings
Transplanting the fragrant fruit tree seedlings to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to 2000lx by adopting a sunshade net. The matrix used by the seedbed is composed of humus soil, perlite and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 3:1:2, mixing.
Spraying compound growth liquid on the young fruit tree seedlings to promote the growth of the young fruit tree seedlings; the preparation method of the composite growth solution comprises the following steps:
the fallen leaves of the bergamot trees are decomposed and then mixed with 65% ethanol solution according to the weight ratio of 1g: extracting 50ml at normal temperature to obtain extract A; willow branches are crushed according to 1g: extracting 50ml of water at 55deg.C to obtain extract B; extracting solution A and extracting solution B according to the volume ratio of 1: and 1, mixing to obtain the composite growth solution.
Example 2
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the fruit tree seeds comprises the following steps:
s1, disinfection treatment
Soaking fresh collected seed of the bergamot tree with water 10 times of the weight of the seed for 4h, soaking the seed with trisodium phosphate solution 10% in percentage by mass 10 times of the weight of the seed for 20min, filtering, and washing with water for 5 times to remove disinfectant.
S2, low Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.5mmol/L salicylic acid, 10mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 1mmol/L ABA, 0.01mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1mmol/L gibberellin, 0.1mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with the seed soaking agent A, and then storing the seed in sand at 4 ℃ for 45 days; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C after sand storage at 15 ℃ for 45 days, and sand storage at 4 ℃ for 45 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 15%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
S3, seed germination
The preparation method of the EM fermentation water extract comprises the following steps:
pulverizing fungus chaff, spraying moisture, keeping the water content at 65%, spraying EM bacterial liquid on the surface of the fungus chaff, covering a film with holes, fermenting at room temperature for 5 days, and obtaining a fermentation substrate after fermentation is completed; adding fermentation substrate into water, heating and extracting at 70deg.C, and filtering to obtain EM fermentation water extract; wherein, the dosage ratio of the fungus chaff to the EM fungus liquid is 100g:5mL; the dosage ratio of the fermentation substrate to the water is 25g:100mL.
The nutrient solution is prepared by adding an EM fermentation water extract into a 1/2MS mother solution and uniformly mixing; wherein, the volume ratio of the 1/2MS mother liquor to the EM fermentation water extract is 5:1.
culturing the seed of the bergamot fruit tree treated by the S2 with a nutrient solution, controlling the culture temperature at 25+/-2 ℃, the illumination intensity at 2000lx and the illumination time at 18 h/day; after a period of cultivation, the seeds germinate and seedlings emerge.
S4, transplanting seedlings
Transplanting the fragrant fruit tree seedlings to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to 3000lx by adopting a sunshade net. The matrix used by the seedbed is composed of humus soil, perlite and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 3:1:2, mixing.
Spraying compound growth liquid on the young fruit tree seedlings to promote the growth of the young fruit tree seedlings; the preparation method of the composite growth solution comprises the following steps:
the fallen leaves of the bergamot trees are decomposed and then mixed with 70% ethanol solution according to 1g: extracting 50ml at normal temperature to obtain extract A; willow branches are crushed according to 1g: extracting 50ml of water at 60 ℃ to obtain an extract B; extracting solution A and extracting solution B according to the volume ratio of 1: and 1, mixing to obtain the composite growth solution.
Example 3
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the fruit tree seeds comprises the following steps:
s1, disinfection treatment
Soaking fresh collected seed of the bergamot tree with water 10 times of the weight of the seed for 2h, soaking the seed with trisodium phosphate solution 10% in percentage by mass 10 times of the weight of the seed for 30min, filtering, and washing with water for 3 times to remove disinfectant.
S2, low Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.1mmol/L salicylic acid, 15mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 5mmol/L ABA, 0.03mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.5mmol/L gibberellin, 0.5mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with the seed soaking agent A, and then sand-storing for 30 days at 4 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B, sand-storing at 10deg.C for 30 days, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C, and sand-storing at 4deg.C for 30 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 10%, and the sand is turned once every 2 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
S3, seed germination
The preparation method of the EM fermentation water extract comprises the following steps:
pulverizing fungus chaff, spraying moisture, keeping the water content at 55%, spraying EM bacterial liquid on the surface of the fungus chaff, covering a film with holes, fermenting at room temperature for 3 days, and obtaining a fermentation substrate after fermentation is completed; adding fermentation substrate into water, heating and extracting at 60deg.C, and filtering to obtain EM fermentation water extract; wherein, the dosage ratio of the fungus chaff to the EM fungus liquid is 100g:3mL; the dosage ratio of the fermentation substrate to the water is 15g:100mL.
The nutrient solution is prepared by adding an EM fermentation water extract into a 1/2MS mother solution and uniformly mixing; wherein, the volume ratio of the 1/2MS mother liquor to the EM fermentation water extract is 1:1.
culturing the seed of the bergamot fruit tree treated by the S2 with a nutrient solution, controlling the culture temperature at 25+/-2 ℃, the illumination intensity at 1000lx and the illumination time at 12 h/day; after a period of cultivation, the seeds germinate and seedlings emerge.
S4, transplanting seedlings
Transplanting the fragrant fruit tree seedlings to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to be 1000lx by adopting a sunshade net. The matrix used by the seedbed is composed of humus soil, perlite and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 3:2:2, mixing.
Spraying compound growth liquid on the young fruit tree seedlings to promote the growth of the young fruit tree seedlings; the preparation method of the composite growth solution comprises the following steps:
the fallen leaves of the bergamot trees are decomposed and then mixed with 50% ethanol solution according to the weight ratio of 1g: extracting 50ml at normal temperature to obtain extract A; willow branches are crushed according to 1g: extracting 50ml of water at 50deg.C to obtain extract B; extracting solution A and extracting solution B according to the volume ratio of 1: and 1, mixing to obtain the composite growth solution.
Example 4
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the fruit tree seeds comprises the following steps:
s1, disinfection treatment
Soaking fresh collected seed of the bergamot tree with water 10 times of the weight of the seed for 3h, soaking the seed with trisodium phosphate solution 10% in percentage by mass 10 times of the weight of the seed for 30min, filtering, and washing with water for 4 times to remove disinfectant.
S2, low Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.3mmol/L salicylic acid, 13mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 4mmol/L ABA, 0.02mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.1mmol/L gibberellin, 0.2mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the bergamot tree with the seed soaking agent A, and then sand-storing for 30-45 days at the temperature of 4 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B, sand-storing at 12deg.C for 35 days, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C, and sand-storing at 4deg.C for 35 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 13%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
S3, seed germination
The preparation method of the EM fermentation water extract comprises the following steps:
pulverizing fungus chaff, spraying moisture, keeping the water content at 60%, spraying EM bacterial liquid on the surface of the fungus chaff, covering a film with holes, fermenting at room temperature for 5 days, and obtaining a fermentation substrate after fermentation is completed; adding the fermentation substrate into water, heating and extracting at 65 ℃, and filtering to obtain an EM fermentation water extract; wherein, the dosage ratio of the fungus chaff to the EM fungus liquid is 100g:4mL; the dosage ratio of the fermentation substrate to the water is 22g:100mL.
The nutrient solution is prepared by adding an EM fermentation water extract into a 1/2MS mother solution and uniformly mixing; wherein, the volume ratio of the 1/2MS mother liquor to the EM fermentation water extract is 3:1.
culturing the seed of the bergamot fruit tree treated by the S2 with a nutrient solution, controlling the culture temperature at 25+/-2 ℃, the illumination intensity at 1800lx and the illumination time at 16 h/day; after a period of cultivation, the seeds germinate and seedlings emerge.
S4, transplanting seedlings
Transplanting the young fruit tree seedlings to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to 2200lx by adopting a sunshade net. The matrix used by the seedbed is composed of humus soil, perlite and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 3:1:2, mixing.
Spraying compound growth liquid on the young fruit tree seedlings to promote the growth of the young fruit tree seedlings; the preparation method of the composite growth solution comprises the following steps:
the fallen leaves of the bergamot trees are decomposed and then are treated by 60 percent ethanol solution according to 1g: extracting 50ml at normal temperature to obtain extract A; willow branches are crushed according to 1g: extracting 50ml of water at 55deg.C to obtain extract B; extracting solution A and extracting solution B according to the volume ratio of 1: and 1, mixing to obtain the composite growth solution.
Comparative example 1
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the example 1, but is different in that S2 is lower than Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.4mmol/L salicylic acid, 12mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 3mmol/L ABA, 0.02mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with the seed soaking agent A, and then sand-storing for 40 days at the temperature of 5 ℃; after sieving, the seed of the bergamot tree is soaked in the seed soaking agent B, and is stored in sand at 15 ℃ for 40 days.
The water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 12%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
Comparative example 2
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the example 1, but is different in that S2 is lower than Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 3mmol/L ABA, 0.02mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.2mmol/L gibberellin, 0.3mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with a seed soaking agent B, after sand storage for 40 days at 15 ℃, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with a seed soaking agent C, and then sand storage for 40 days at 5 ℃;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 12%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
Comparative example 3
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the example 1, but is different in that S2 is lower than Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.4mmol/L salicylic acid, 12mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.2mmol/L gibberellin, 0.3mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with the seed soaking agent A, and then sand-storing for 40 days at the temperature of 5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C, and sand storing at 5deg.C for 40 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 12%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
Comparative example 4
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the example 1, but is different in that S2 is lower than Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.4mmol/L salicylic acid, 12mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 3mmol/L ABA, 0.02mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.2mmol/L gibberellin, 0.3mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with a seed soaking agent B, and then sand-storing for 40 days at 5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent A, sand storing at 15deg.C for 40 days, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C, and sand storing at 5deg.C for 40 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 12%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
Comparative example 5
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the example 1, but is different in that S2 is lower than Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.4mmol/L salicylic acid, 12mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 3mmol/L ABA, 0.02mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.2mmol/L gibberellin, 0.3mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with the seed soaking agent A, and then sand-storing for 40 days at the temperature of 5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B after sand storage at 15 ℃ for 40 days, and sand storage at 5 ℃ for 40 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 12%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
Comparative example 6
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the example 1, but is different in that S2 is lower than Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.4mmol/L salicylic acid, 12mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 3mmol/L ABA, 0.02mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.2mmol/L gibberellin, 0.3mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with a seed soaking agent B, and then sand-storing for 40 days at 5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent A after sand storage at 15 ℃ for 40 days, and sand storage at 5 ℃ for 40 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 12%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
Comparative example 7
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the example 1, but is different in that S2 is lower than Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.4mmol/L salicylic acid, 12mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 3mmol/L ABA, 0.02mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.2mmol/L gibberellin, 0.3mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with a seed soaking agent C, and then sand-storing for 40 days at 5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent A after sand storage at 15 ℃ for 40 days, and sand storage at 5 ℃ for 40 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 12%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
Comparative example 8
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the example 1, but is different in that S2 is lower than Wen Shacang
The formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.4mmol/L salicylic acid, 12mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 3mmol/L ABA, 0.02mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent. The formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1.2mmol/L gibberellin, 0.3mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent.
Soaking the sterilized seed of the fruit tree with a seed soaking agent C, and then sand-storing for 40 days at 5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent A, sand storing at 15deg.C for 40 days, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B, and sand storing at 5deg.C for 40 days;
the water content of the sand used in each sand storage process is 12%, and the sand is turned once every 3 days, and is subjected to spray wetting treatment.
Comparative example 9
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the embodiment 1, and is different in that S3, the seed germinates
The nutrient solution is prepared by adding water into 1/2MS mother solution and uniformly mixing; wherein, the volume ratio of the 1/2MS mother solution to the water is 4:1.
culturing the seed of the bergamot fruit tree treated by the S2 with a nutrient solution, controlling the culture temperature at 25+/-2 ℃, the illumination intensity at 1900lx and the illumination time at 15 h/day; after a period of cultivation, the seeds germinate and seedlings emerge.
Comparative example 10
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the embodiment 1, and is different in that S4, the seedling transplanting
Transplanting the fragrant fruit tree seedlings to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to 2000lx by adopting a sunshade net. The matrix used by the seedbed is composed of humus soil, perlite and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 3:1:2, mixing.
Spraying compound growth liquid on the young fruit tree seedlings to promote the growth of the young fruit tree seedlings; the preparation method of the composite growth solution comprises the following steps:
the fallen leaves of the bergamot trees are decomposed and then mixed with 65% ethanol solution according to the weight ratio of 1g: extracting 50ml at normal temperature to obtain extract A; mixing the extracting solution A and water according to the volume ratio of 1: and 1, mixing to obtain the composite growth solution.
Comparative example 11
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the embodiment 1, and is different in that S4, the seedling transplanting
Transplanting the fragrant fruit tree seedlings to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to 2000lx by adopting a sunshade net. The matrix used by the seedbed is composed of humus soil, perlite and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 3:1:2, mixing.
Spraying compound growth liquid on the young fruit tree seedlings to promote the growth of the young fruit tree seedlings; the preparation method of the composite growth solution comprises the following steps:
willow branches are crushed according to 1g: extracting 50ml of water at 55deg.C to obtain extract B; mixing the extracting solution B and water according to the volume ratio of 1: and 1, mixing to obtain the composite growth solution.
Comparative example 12
The germination accelerating and seeding method of the seed of the bergamot tree is basically the same as the method in the embodiment 1, and is different in that S4, the seedling transplanting
Transplanting the fragrant fruit tree seedlings to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to 2000lx by adopting a sunshade net. The matrix used by the seedbed is composed of humus soil, perlite and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 3:1:2, mixing.
1. Observing germination condition of seeds
The germination conditions of the seeds of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 9 were observed and are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 germination of seed treated differently
Germination rate = number of germinated seeds/number of seeds tested) ×100%;
as can be seen from the results in Table 2, compared with comparative examples 1 to 9, the germination time of the seeds in examples 1 to 4 is relatively short and the germination rate is generally over 89%, so that it is demonstrated that the application can delay the early germination of the seed of the bergamot tree and maintain the vigor of the seed of the bergamot tree in the sand storage process by combining the three seed soaking agents, thereby being beneficial to the subsequent rapid promotion of the germination of the seed, shortening of the germination time and improvement of the germination rate. As can be seen from comparative examples 4 to 8, the order of the three seed-soaking agents of the present application cannot be arbitrarily changed, mainly because the three seed-soaking agents act differently at different stages. The seed soaking agent A mainly plays a role in promoting seed after-ripening in the initial stage, and is beneficial to shortening germination time in the later stage. The seed soaking agent B has the functions of inhibiting the premature germination of seeds and keeping the vigor of the seeds. The seed soaking agent C has the functions of effectively relieving dormancy, and is helpful for accumulating active enzymes in seeds when inhibiting the seeds from germinating in advance, shortening germination time in the later period and improving germination rate.
2. Observing the growth condition of seedling root system
The seedling root system development of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 12 was observed and shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 root development of different treated seedlings
As can be seen from the results in Table 3, the methods of examples 1 to 4 according to the present application are capable of significantly improving the growth of the underground portion of seedlings, with a significant increase in root length and root weight of seedlings on the surface, as compared with comparative examples 1 to 12.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.
Claims (6)
1. The germination accelerating and seeding method for the fruit tree seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, sterilizing freshly collected seeds of the bergamot trees;
s2, soaking the sterilized seed of the bergamot tree with the seed soaking agent A, and then sand-storing for 30-45 days at the temperature of 4-5 ℃; sieving, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent B, soaking the seed of the fruit tree with seed soaking agent C after sand storage for 30-45 days at 10-15 ℃, and sand storage for 30-45 days at 4-5 ℃;
the formula of the seed soaking agent A is as follows: 0.1-0.5 mmol/L salicylic acid, 10-15 mmol/L calcium chloride, and water as solvent; the formula of the seed soaking agent B is as follows: 1-5 mmol/LABA, 0.01-0.03 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water as solvent; the formula of the seed soaking agent C is as follows: 1 to 1.5mmol/L gibberellin, 0.1 to 0.5mmol/L indoleacetic acid, and water as solvent;
s3, culturing the seed of the bergamot tree treated by the S2 with a nutrient solution, and sprouting the seed after culturing for a period of time; the nutrient solution is prepared by adding an EM fermentation water extract into a 1/2MS mother solution and uniformly mixing; wherein, the volume ratio of the 1/2MS mother liquor to the EM fermentation water extract is 1-5: 1, a step of;
s4, sowing the germinated seed of the bergamot tree to a seedbed for cultivation, and adjusting the illumination intensity of the seedbed to be 1000-3000 lx by adopting a sunshade net.
2. The germination accelerating and seeding method for fruit tree seeds according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the specific method of the disinfection treatment is as follows:
soaking the freshly collected seed of the bergamot tree in water for 2-4 h, soaking the seed in trisodium phosphate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10% for 20-30 min, filtering, and cleaning with water to remove disinfectant to obtain the bergamot tree seed.
3. The germination accelerating and seeding method for fruit tree seeds according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the water content of the sand used in the sand storage process is 10-15%, and the sand is turned once every 2-3 days, and then sprayed with moisture.
4. The germination accelerating and seeding method for fruit tree seeds according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the EM fermented water extract is as follows:
pulverizing fungus chaff, spraying moisture, keeping the water content at 55-65%, spraying EM bacterial liquid on the surface of the fungus chaff, covering a film with holes, fermenting at room temperature, and obtaining a fermentation substrate after fermentation is completed; adding the fermentation substrate into water, heating and extracting at 60-70 ℃, and filtering to obtain an EM fermentation water extract;
wherein, the dosage ratio of the fungus chaff to the EM fungus liquid is 100g: 3-5 mL; the dosage ratio of the fermentation substrate to the water is 15-25 g:100mL.
5. The germination accelerating and seeding method for the fruit tree seeds according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the matrix used in the seedbed is composed of humus soil, perlite and garden soil according to a volume ratio of 3: 1-2: 2, mixing.
6. The method for germination and seeding of fruit tree seeds according to claim 1, wherein in S4, further comprising: spraying compound growth liquid on the young fruit tree seedlings to promote the growth of the young fruit tree seedlings; the preparation method of the composite growth solution comprises the following steps:
leaching the fallen leaves of the bergamot tree by using 60-70% ethanol solution at normal temperature after decomposition to obtain an extract A;
pulverizing willow branch, extracting with water at 50-60deg.C to obtain extractive solution B;
mixing the extracting solution A and the extracting solution B to obtain the composite growth solution.
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| CN108684460A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-23 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Radix knoxiae cultural method |
| CN113099934A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 广东海洋大学 | Technology for improving soil fertility and benefit of clausena lansium orchard |
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| CN103460921A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-25 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Emmenopterys henryi pollution-free planting method |
| CN108684460A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-23 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Radix knoxiae cultural method |
| CN113099934A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 广东海洋大学 | Technology for improving soil fertility and benefit of clausena lansium orchard |
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