CN105284478A

CN105284478A - One-step cultivation method for Camellia oleifera bud-stock light matrix grafting container seedlings

Info

Publication number: CN105284478A
Application number: CN201510798061.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺友德
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Xupu Fengyuan Agriculture And Forestry Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-11-19
Filing date: 2015-11-19
Publication date: 2016-02-03
Anticipated expiration: 2035-11-19
Also published as: CN105284478B

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of plant seedling breeding, in particular to a one-step cultivation method for Camellia oleifera bud-stock light matrix grafting container seedlings. The method comprises seedbed preparation, seedling transplantation and incubation management after seedling transplantation. The seedbed preparation comprises the steps of shadow sprinkler system construction, seedbed establishment, overall disinfection, nutrition frame placement and matrix disinfection, the seedling transplantation comprises the steps of sludge preparation, matrix treatment, seedling transplantation, spraying disinfection, rodenticide placement and film covering, and the incubation management after seedling transplantation comprises the steps of complementation and moisture retention, spraying cooling, film-peeling protection, and film and shadow net removal. The present invention aims to provide a one-step cultivation method for Camellia oleifera bud-stock light matrix grafting container seedlings, the conventional method is changed, and a centralized and refined management process is adopted, so that the graft survival rate and seedling growth speed are improved, and then the afforestation efficiency is improved, and the economic effect is increased.

Description

A kind of one-step method breeding method of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant seedling propagation technique field, particularly relate to a kind of one-step method breeding method of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling.

Background technology

Oil tea is the distinctive high-grade woody edible oil material seeds of China, is called the large woody oil tree species in the world four with olive, oil palm and coconut.In order to ensure national grain and oil safety, the whole nation had started the climax of Devoting Major Efforts To Developing camellia oleiferaindustry in recent years.But owing to being subject to the restriction of seedling quality, oil tea survival rate then of afforesting is unsatisfactory, cause after-culture task to increase the weight of, manage and protect difficulty increasing, some places be even absorbed in low to afforestation motility rate by seedling quality difference, managed and protected by low to abandon to losing the confidence of afforestation motility rate, abandoned managing and protecting the uncultivated helpless predicament proved an abortion comprehensively by losing the confidence, dampened the enthusiasm that the whole society develops oil tea.So carry out technological break-through innovation, cultivate oil tea high quality seedling, disposable survival rate is brought up to more than 85%, alleviate after-culture and manage and protect difficulty, strengthen developer's confidence, realize exploitation a slice, a slice of growing into forest, take effect a slice, become guarantee national camellia oleiferaindustry exploitation Shao Zouwan road, cut the waste, the problem of sustainable health development faces a key and urgency.

Cultivate oil tea high quality seedling, one is to utilize improved seeds scion to carry out Nurse seed grafting, and two is to adopt Light media non-woven container to carry out one-step method cultivating seedlings.The former technology comparative maturity, but the latter or new things.In recent years, there is no the research of this respect abroad, domestic forestry experimental center, subtropics, forest-science academy of China, Jiangxi, Hangzhou Xiaoshan Ning Wei town Tian Fenghua lumberyard, forest-science academy of Hubei Province etc., all " oil tea Light media non-woven fabrics mesh bag Nurse seed grafting container seedling one-step method breeding method " is studied, but poor effect, main existence two problems: one is that graft survival rate is very low, only has 10-20%; Two is that growth is poor, although some units have brought up to about 70%, 1 year raw height of seedling graft survival rate on average only have 3 cm, quite a few does not grow young sprout.Trace it to its cause: one is that seedling medium (comprising matrix formulations and preparation method thereof) problem does not reach a standard, and two is that breeding method does not reach a standard.

The one-step method of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling is cultivated, and is that the oil-tea sprout anvil grafting seedling just grafted the first tenday period of a month in May is grafted directly in Light media non-woven container and cultivates.And to guarantee that grafting mouth fully heals and fringe bud takes out the tip, Nurse seed grafting seedling needs to be enclosed in nearly 3 months high temperature seasons in the first tenday period of a month the first tenday period of a month to 8 in May in plastics bow canopy to be cultivated.This at long-time, high temperature, high humidity and the method for cultivating nursery stock under the adverse circumstances of isolating oxygen is a kind of unprecedented challenge, existing breeding method is more traditional, more extensive, seldom there is method innovation, there is no intensive and fine-grained management program, therefore result in the defects such as the low and long seedling speed of graft survival rate is slow yet.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of one-step method breeding method of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling, change conventional method, adopt intensive and hypervisor that is that become more meticulous, improve the speed of graft survival rate and long seedling, and then improve the efficiency of afforestation, increase economic benefits.

In order to realize above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of one-step method breeding method of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling, and it comprises the cultivating and managing after seedbed preparation, bud transplantation of seedlings and bud transplantation of seedlings;

Seedbed prepares to comprise the steps:

1., sprinkling irrigation system of shading construction: system skeleton all adopts and crosses zinc stainless steel tube and build up, height 3 meters, column horizontal spacing 6 meters, longitudinal pitch 4 meters; The shower nozzle that range is 2 meters is laid by 1.5 × 1.5 meters of spacing; The obscurity 80 ~ 85% of shading screen;

2., erection seedbed: the seedbed of wide 1 meter put up by the fragment of brick balanced by three row, and pavement is wide 50 centimetres, sets up 4 seedbeds between two transverse upright;

3., pasteurised completely: one deck quicklime powder progress high strength disinfection is spread comprehensively to the ground such as seedbed, pavement, drain ditch, road of nursery garden;

4., matrix frame puts: be placed in length and width being respectively the matrix frame transversely compact of 50 centimetres and 30 centimetres specifications on seedbed that fragment of brick puts up, 2 frames are just put in width direction, seedbed, and longitudinally every meter pendulum 3.3 frames, put 6.6 frames for every square metre so altogether; Matrix frame is placed on the built on stilts seedbed of fragment of brick, 4-6 centimetre above ground level;

5., matrix sterilization: the liquor potassic permanganate with 0.1% irrigates a matrix, by the clear water amount being three times in liquor potassic permanganate after hour, divides 2 ~ 3 drip washing matrix;

Bud transplantation of seedlings comprises the steps:

1., make mud: clean clear water is added yellow soil several times, repeatedly mixes, mix while add water, guarantee that the mud made must very silk fabric, can not be excessively rare; When mud makes, add that to join subacidity superphosphate and every gram containing bacterium number be the microbial bacterial agent of 200,000,000 respectively in the ratio of yellow soil weight 1%;

2., matrix treatments: before bud transplantation of seedlings, adopt trophism root-growing agent, growth regulating root-growing agent and prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable medical fertilizer liquid slowly to drench process to matrix;

3., bud transplantation of seedlings: first insert a dark 5.5-6.5cm vesicle with the chopsticks of bamboo let or sharpening in bag containing soilless substrate central authorities during transplanting, the grafting bud shoot root portion of the sufficient mud of band is unfolded and puts into cave, then bud seedling is buttressed on the other hand, bamboo let enters matrix from bag containing soilless substrate edge oblique cutting by another hand, then presses matrix with bamboo let and extract after center position is ajusted;

4., powder-spreading and sterilizing: employing concentration is that the clean all very bactericidal agent of Chinese Marine University's development of 28-32% carries out a prophylactic disinfection the germ that anvil bud, fringe bud, operating personnel and instrument may bring seedbed into;

5., raticide is thrown in: below built on stilts seedbed, throw in raticide;

6., epiphragma: first prop up shed bow every the bamboo chip that 1 meter of use 2.3 meters is long, then whole seedbed covers film, then surrounding is compressed with soil, forbids to leak gas;

Cultivating and managing after bud transplantation of seedlings comprises the steps:

1., mending-leakage moisturizing: in 30 days after bud transplantation of seedlings epiphragma, arrange special messenger to look into patrol a bow film every day, and mend crack and eye that bow film produces because of various factors;

2., mist cooling: when temperature is at 31 DEG C ~ 33 DEG C, spraying per hour 20 minutes, stops 40 minutes; When temperature is at 34 DEG C ~ 36 DEG C, spraying per hour 30 minutes, stops 30 minutes; When temperature 37 DEG C with time, spraying per hour 40 minutes, stops 20 minutes, simultaneously also will bow film two open ventilation;

3., take off film to manage and protect: at transplanting epiphragma after 30 days, grafting bud seedling tentatively heals, will once take off film every 10 days to manage and protect, spray the nitrogen of quick dissolved, quick effect, phosphorus, potassium macroelement fertilizer join simultaneously execute in, the mineral fertilizer such as trace and rare earth element, biological active fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer and the prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of Kang Yuan oasis board; And removed by the rudiment secateurs wherein produced, weeds are pulled out;

4., remove bow film and shading screen: at the beginning of 8 months, opened at film canopy cover two, again film is all removed after spending 2 ~ 3 days; At the beginning of 9 months, select more than three days continuous overcast and rainy weather, shading shed is removed.

Preferably, take off film and manage and protect in step, first three time to be taken off film to manage and protect executed macroelement concentration be the 0.1%, four time is 0.2% later, and the macroelement concentration executed after taking off film is completely 0.5%; And when 6 fertilisings of the first two month, many nitrogen fertilizer applications, appropriate potassium application, Shaoshi or do not execute phosphate fertilizer, can change into leaf bud by bud effectively.

Preferably, matrix used comprises major ingredient and auxiliary material, and major ingredient is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: pine bark 35-45%; Peat 26-34%; Oil tea cake fertilizer 8-12%; Sawdust powder 6-8%; Yellow soil 4-6%; Charcoal or charing husk 4-6%; Ox or chicken manure 2-4%; The auxiliary material contained in the matrix of every cubic metre comprises 1.8-2.2kg urea; 1.8-2.2kg slow-release compound fertilizer; 1.8-2.2kg mineral fertilizer; The prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of 1.8-2.2kg.

Preferably, described major ingredient is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: pine bark 40%; Peat 30%; Oil tea cake fertilizer 10%; Sawdust powder 7%; Yellow soil 5%; Charcoal or charing husk 5%; Ox or chicken manure 3%.

Preferably, the auxiliary material contained in the matrix of every cubic metre comprises 2kg urea; 2kg slow-release compound fertilizer; 2kg mineral fertilizer; The prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of 2kg.

Preferably, pine bark used is the Masson Pine Bark after pulverizing and sieving, and particle diameter is 3-6mm.

Preferably, mineral fertilizer is " auspicious field " board mineral fertilizer, and it contains the 50 multi mineral prime elements such as phosphorus, potassium, silicon, calcium, boron, zinc, iron, selenium, barium, bromine, arsenic, mercury.

Preferably, prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable is the prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of Kang Yuan oasis board, containing 80 multiple beneficial bacterial classifications in the six large class floras such as Bifidobacterium, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, saccharomycete.

Preferably, the preparation method of matrix comprises the steps:

1., weigh, adopt meausring apparatus to take the raw material of corresponding amount according to formula;

2., mix, 4 kinds of raw materials such as pine bark powder step 1. taken, oil tea cake fertilizer, sawdust powder, ox or chicken manure are by mixing and stirring;

3., auxiliary material adds, by step 2. batch mixing obtain 80% of mixed material weight measure clean spring, urea step 1. taken again and prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable raw material dissolve or are mixed in spring, are then watered equably by spring and are sprinkled upon in 4 kinds of mixed materials, and Jiao Sa limit, limit is stirred;

4., ferment, the stockpile 6 kinds of mixed materials that 3. step obtains being piled 80-100 centimetre high carries out aerobic fermentation in indoor, when in piling, central temperature reaches 65 DEG C, the windrow piling same height with forklift turning cooling again continues aerobic fermentation, repeat 3-4 time with this way, until heap in central temperature and indoor temperature basically identical, namely complete fermentation;

5., complete batch mixing, the peat not needing to ferment step 1. taken, yellow soil, charcoal or charing husk, slow-release compound fertilizer and mineral fertilizer raw material mix with the 6 kinds of raw material kneading mills completing fermentation, and by the sieve of aperture 0.6mm, removed slightly long raw material or foreign matter;

6., pack is shaped, adopt the LKY-II type container for plant growth forming machine-s of forest-science academy of Shandong Province development, 11 kinds of mixed materials are loaded non-woven fabrics mesh bag, and makes diameter 4.5-5.5cm, the Light media container for plant growth made of nonwoven material of height 10-12cm is for subsequent use, obtains the special Light media of camellia seedling.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1, change conventional method, adopt intensive and hypervisor that is that become more meticulous, improve the speed of graft survival rate and long seedling, and then improve the efficiency of afforestation, increase economic benefits.

2, growing-seedling period is short.Take one-step method to cultivate, from cultivate to going out garden afforestation (from the first tenday period of a month in May to early November), only need 6 months, compared with naked of traditional land for growing field crops nursery (from the first tenday period of a month in May to Second Year early November), shorten one-year age;

3, nursery stock is lightweight.Every strain container seedling weight only has about 80g, and compared with the container seedling (every strain about 350g) taking soil as main matrix with tradition, weight decreases 77%.Be convenient to seedling transportation and afforestation of going up a hill;

4, survival rate of seedling is high, yield per unit area is high.Average graft survival rate reaches 90.2%, and the strain of seedling amount 392 is produced in every square metre of clean seedbed, and every mu of gross area produces seedling amount 170,000 strain (seedbed availability calculates by 65%), thus realizes camellia seedling by the revolutionary change of traditional field seedling raising to scale factorial seedling growth.

5, seedling quality is good.The nursery stock of life in 6 months, mean height 13.8 ㎝, the highest strain reaches 50 ㎝, and average leading thread 0.25 ㎝, the most slightly reaches 0.41 ㎝, and average tip of a root number 1529, reaches at most 2018.The fraction of the year of general, average survival rate reaches more than 95%, and the especially big high temperature and drought of 2013 fraction of the year, average survival rate still reaches more than 85%.Extend season of planting, be all the suitable time of planting of going up a hill from early November then to Second Year the first tenday period of a month in May simultaneously;

6, purposes is wide.This achievement, although for camellia seedling, to the factorial seedling growth of all crops and forest, all there is reference and reference function.Adopt the method to cultivate the crops young plants such as more than 20 kind of rare tree and cotton, capsicum, tomato, paddy rice such as nanmu, sweet osmanthus, Chinese yew, Schima superba, all achieve good effect.

7, saved a large amount of high-quality to plough.The method nursery does not need soil, can nursery in the mountain region of the exposed abandoned location of industry and mining of soil layer ridge Pu rock and the poor ridge of soil, without the need to taking good farmland.Hunan the whole province cultivates nearly 100,000,000 strains of oil tea nursery stock every year, and every per mu yield seedling 40,000 strain calculates, and take good farmland every year and reach 2500 mu, as entirely adopted the method nursery, light camellia seedling one, the whole province can save high-quality every year and plough 2500 mu.

8, the putting of matrix frame, can realize air root relief, prevent shoot root from stretching into surface soil, guarantee that whole root system all grows in matrix container bag.

9, in matrix disinfecting process, adopt clear water drip washing 2-3 time being three times in liquor potassic permanganate, potassium permanganate liquid can be washed away, avoid herbicide carryover and the rising of matrix EC value.

10, make in sludge process, add in the ratio of yellow soil weight 1% that to join subacidity superphosphate and every gram containing bacterium number be the microbial bacterial agent of 200,000,000, one is to promote that the bud seedling after transplanting early is taken root, and two is can recover as early as possible repeatedly to sterilize drip washing and destroyed Tiny ecosystem is put down micro-because of matrix.

The processing mode of the 3. bud transplantation of seedlings of the step 11, in bud transplantation of seedlings step, can guarantee bud shoot root portion and matrix close contact, just need not water normal root water by conventional practice again after transplanting.Because at this moment water normal root water the valuable medicine fertilizer just having applied matrix before to be washed away.

12, powder-spreading and sterilizing step, can make the bud seedling after transplanting can diseases prevention and fungi-proofing before taking off film and managing and protecting.

13, there is mouse to stay in below medium of seedling bed frame more, throw in the impact that raticide can eliminate the plague of rats.

14, mending-leakage moisturize steps, can solve gas leakage hidden danger of ventilating in time, guarantees the damp condition required for the healing of bud seedling.

15, diseases prevention innovation: is nontoxic physical measure, it is disease-resistant that mainly fully fermentation substrate generation high temperature kills germ, scientific formula ensures that matrix air capacity of soils strengthens improving activity of root system; Two is nutrition supply balanced measures, in matrix formulations, mainly devise every cubic metre of 2.0 kilograms of mineral fertilizers, while watering at every turn and executing N P and K macroelement fertilizer, suitably spray moderate-element fertilizer such as state's light and execute its spirit etc. with many and trace element fertilizer such as state's light, nursery stock healthy growth is guaranteed by nutrition supply balance, activate the inherent disease-resistant gene of nursery stock, strengthen resistance against diseases; Three be microecological balance measure mainly devise in matrix formulations every cubic metre of 2.0 kilograms of prebiotic composite bacteria agent capables, water at every turn execute N P and K macroelement fertilizer while, do not forget to spray prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable as the prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of Kang Yuan oasis board etc., mainly in order to keep Medium Culture microecological balance, a large amount of natural antibiosis material of a large amount of beneficial microbe bacterial classification group and generation thereof is utilized to reach the object engulfing and suppress germ.

16, fertilising innovation: have employed with nanometer chelating, space flight, all kinds of fertilizer of the state-of-the-art technology production both at home and abroad such as active matter extraction, mainly comprise: N P and K high-load, highly dissoluble formula fertilizer, medium trace element is fertile, useful and rare earth element is fertile, all-round mineral fertilizer (containing 50 multi mineral prime elements), alga fertilizer, by humic acid, amino acid, organic nano potassium, brassin, polysaccharide, the composite high-energy of the multiple high active substance such as kinase composition is fertile, by light and bacterium, azotobacter, Antagonistic Fungi, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, actinomycetes, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, molten potassium bacterium etc. 10 belong to the composite biological fertilizer etc. of 80 multiple-microorganism bacterial classification compositions, rest on a scientific basis rigorous spirit, the fertilizer practice that the applicable oil tea Light media seedling one-step method of autonomous innovation is cultivated, solve nutrient that matrix itself exists extremely the nutrient element that exists of shortage problem, conventional fertilizers and fertilizer practice not entirely, the problem such as function singleness, Chi Xiao, poor efficiency.Both ensure that the healthy growth of nursery stock, and in turn enhanced the resistance (namely resisting the abilities such as heat, cold, drought, flood, fertile poisoning, damage by disease and insect) of nursery stock, effectively improve survival rate of seedling and amount of growth.

17, select more than three days continuous overcast and rainy weather, shading shed is removed, can ensure that rainfall is plentiful, be conducive to cultivating strong sprout

18, the matrix that the present invention is all, not only nontoxic but also comprehensive nutrition, pH value is 6.2, EC value is 1.04mS/cm, and binomial key index is suitable for oil-tea sprout growth.

19, matrix cost is low, because matrix weight is light, be shaped so pack can be carried out with machine, specification is diameter 4.5cm, the container for plant growth filling Light media of height 10cm is produced originally only has about 0.12 yuan, and cost is 1/2nd of the container for plant growth of main matrix with soil less than tradition, because traditional container for plant growth will lean on artificial pack, do not comprise the matrix expenses such as soil, light manually packs cost will 0.1 yuan.

20, pine bark is Masson Pine Bark, through pulverizing and sieving, and particle diameter 3-6mm, its stable in physicochemical property, not perishable, be applicable to the forest seedling growth in more than 1 year cycle; Peat, is a kind of atmospheric swamp ground product formed through several thousand, has the advantage such as aseptic, nontoxic, light weight, water holding, fertilizer conservation, favourable microbial activities, use safety; Oil tea cake fertilizer, enrich containing large, middle and trace element, wherein nitrogen exists with protein form, avoids the harm of nitrite ion, to crop root safety.The brassin simultaneously contained extremely is conducive to the growth of crop; Sawdust powder, mainly ventilate, permeable, lightweight, raw material is conveniently easy to get, and price is low; Yellow soil is the cubsoil picking up from surface layer less than 20 centimetres, without courses of infection, be rich in simultaneously various in, trace mineral element, can partly make up educate that Medium Culture is big or middle without earth culture, the shortage of trace mineral element is with not enough; Charcoal or charing husk.Mainly utilize its very strong adsorption capacity, strengthen matrix preserve moisture and fertility and liquid manure slow-release function; Ox or chicken manure, mainly the macroelement content such as N P and K is many, and exists with low molecule organic, is convenient to Crop and utilizes and microbe survival and breeding; Urea is mainly that pine tree powder and sawdust powder reduce C/N ratio, for its fermentable provides sufficient nitrogenous source; Much slow-release compound fertilizer, mainly provide the macroelement such as N P and K for crop more for a long time; Mineral fertilizer, use " auspicious field " board mineral fertilizer, it contains the 50 multi mineral prime elements such as phosphorus, potassium, silicon, calcium, boron, zinc, iron, selenium, barium, bromine, arsenic, mercury, fundamentally solves problem that is big or middle when educating without earth culture, trace mineral element famine; Prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable, uses the prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of Kang Yuan oasis board, containing 80 multiple beneficial bacterial classifications in the six large class floras such as Bifidobacterium, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, saccharomycete.One is used to fully ferment to pine bark, oil tea cake fertilizer, sawdust powder, ox or chicken manure etc.; two is that these microorganisms can produce multiple natural antibiosis material; and can divide and ooze and synthesize organic acid, multiple enzyme and physiological activator; extremely be conducive to strengthening disease-resistant, the worm of crop, heat, the ability such as dry, wet; the harm to crop root such as nitrite anions, poisonous and too much salt ion also produced in decomposable asymmetric choice net suppression fertilising process, is just conducive to the quick healthy growth of nursery stock.

Embodiment

For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, elaborate below to the specific embodiment of the present invention.Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention.But the present invention can implement to be much different from other modes described here, those skilled in the art can when without prejudice to doing similar improvement when intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public concrete enforcement.

It is below specific embodiment.

Embodiment 1:

An one-step method breeding method for oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling, it comprises the cultivating and managing after seedbed preparation, bud transplantation of seedlings and bud transplantation of seedlings;

Seedbed prepares to comprise the steps:

1., sprinkling irrigation system of shading construction: system skeleton all adopts and crosses zinc stainless steel tube and build up, height 3 meters, column horizontal spacing 6 meters, longitudinal pitch 4 meters; The shower nozzle that range is 2 meters is laid by 1.5 × 1.5 meters of spacing; The obscurity 80% of shading screen;

4., matrix frame puts: be placed in length and width being respectively the matrix frame transversely compact of 50 centimetres and 30 centimetres specifications on seedbed that fragment of brick puts up, 2 frames are just put in width direction, seedbed, and longitudinally every meter pendulum 3.3 frames, put 6.6 frames for every square metre so altogether; Matrix frame is placed on the built on stilts seedbed of fragment of brick, 4 centimetres above ground level;

5., matrix sterilization: the liquor potassic permanganate with 0.1% irrigates a matrix, by the clear water amount being three times in liquor potassic permanganate after hour, divides 3 drip washing matrix;

Bud transplantation of seedlings comprises the steps:

3., bud transplantation of seedlings: first insert a dark 5.5cm vesicle with the chopsticks of bamboo let or sharpening in bag containing soilless substrate central authorities during transplanting, the grafting bud shoot root portion of the sufficient mud of band is unfolded and puts into cave, then bud seedling is buttressed on the other hand, bamboo let enters matrix from bag containing soilless substrate edge oblique cutting by another hand, then presses matrix with bamboo let and extract after center position is ajusted;

4., powder-spreading and sterilizing: employing concentration is that the clean all very bactericidal agent of Chinese Marine University's development of 32% carries out a prophylactic disinfection the germ that anvil bud, fringe bud, operating personnel and instrument may bring seedbed into;

5., raticide is thrown in: below built on stilts seedbed, throw in raticide;

4., remove bow film and shading screen: at the beginning of 8 months, opened at film canopy cover two, again film is all removed after spending 2 days; At the beginning of 9 months, select more than three days continuous overcast and rainy weather, shading shed is removed.

Its mesostroma it comprise major ingredient and auxiliary material, major ingredient is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: the Masson Pine Bark particle 35% of particle diameter 6mm; Peat 34%; Oil tea cake fertilizer 8%; Sawdust powder 8%; Yellow soil 6%; Charcoal or charing husk 6%; Ox or chicken manure 3%; The auxiliary material contained in the matrix of every cubic metre comprises 1.8kg urea; 2.2kg slow-release compound fertilizer; The auspicious field of 1.8kg " board mineral fertilizer; The prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of 2.2kg Kang Yuan oasis board.

The preparation method of matrix, it comprises the steps:

4., ferment, the stockpile 6 kinds of mixed materials that 3. step obtains being piled 80 centimetres high carries out aerobic fermentation in indoor, when in piling, central temperature reaches 65 DEG C, the windrow piling same height with forklift turning cooling again continues aerobic fermentation, repeat 3-4 time with this way, until heap in central temperature and indoor temperature basically identical, namely complete fermentation;

6., pack is shaped, adopt the LKY-II type container for plant growth forming machine-s of forest-science academy of Shandong Province development, 11 kinds of mixed materials are loaded non-woven fabrics mesh bag, and makes diameter 4.5cm, the Light media container for plant growth made of nonwoven material of height 10cm is for subsequent use, obtains the special Light media of camellia seedling.

Embodiment 2:

Seedbed prepares to comprise the steps:

1., sprinkling irrigation system of shading construction: system skeleton all adopts and crosses zinc stainless steel tube and build up, height 3 meters, column horizontal spacing 6 meters, longitudinal pitch 4 meters; The shower nozzle that range is 2 meters is laid by 1.5 × 1.5 meters of spacing; The obscurity 85% of shading screen;

4., matrix frame puts: be placed in length and width being respectively the matrix frame transversely compact of 50 centimetres and 30 centimetres specifications on seedbed that fragment of brick puts up, 2 frames are just put in width direction, seedbed, and longitudinally every meter pendulum 3.3 frames, put 6.6 frames for every square metre so altogether; Matrix frame is placed on the built on stilts seedbed of fragment of brick, 6 centimetres above ground level;

5., matrix sterilization: the liquor potassic permanganate with 0.1% irrigates a matrix, by the clear water amount being three times in liquor potassic permanganate after hour, divides 2 drip washing matrix;

Bud transplantation of seedlings comprises the steps:

3., bud transplantation of seedlings: first insert a dark 6.5cm vesicle with the chopsticks of bamboo let or sharpening in bag containing soilless substrate central authorities during transplanting, the grafting bud shoot root portion of the sufficient mud of band is unfolded and puts into cave, then bud seedling is buttressed on the other hand, bamboo let enters matrix from bag containing soilless substrate edge oblique cutting by another hand, then presses matrix with bamboo let and extract after center position is ajusted;

4., powder-spreading and sterilizing: employing concentration is that the clean all very bactericidal agent of Chinese Marine University's development of 28% carries out a prophylactic disinfection the germ that anvil bud, fringe bud, operating personnel and instrument may bring seedbed into;

5., raticide is thrown in: below built on stilts seedbed, throw in raticide;

4., remove bow film and shading screen: at the beginning of 8 months, opened at film canopy cover two, again film is all removed after spending 3 days; At the beginning of 9 months, select more than three days continuous overcast and rainy weather, shading shed is removed.

Its mesostroma it comprise major ingredient and auxiliary material, major ingredient is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: particle diameter: the Masson Pine Bark particle 40% of 5mm; Peat 30%; Oil tea cake fertilizer 10%; Sawdust powder 7%; Yellow soil 5%; Charcoal or charing husk 5%; Ox or chicken manure 3%; The auxiliary material contained in the matrix of every cubic metre comprises 2kg urea; 2kg slow-release compound fertilizer; The auspicious field of 2kg " board mineral fertilizer; The prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of 2kg Kang Yuan oasis board.

The preparation method of matrix, it comprises the steps:

4., ferment, the stockpile 6 kinds of mixed materials that 3. step obtains being piled 90 centimetres high carries out aerobic fermentation in indoor, when in piling, central temperature reaches 65 DEG C, the windrow piling same height with forklift turning cooling again continues aerobic fermentation, repeat 3-4 time with this way, until heap in central temperature and indoor temperature basically identical, namely complete fermentation;

6., pack is shaped, adopt the LKY-II type container for plant growth forming machine-s of forest-science academy of Shandong Province development, 11 kinds of mixed materials are loaded non-woven fabrics mesh bag, and makes diameter 5cm, the Light media container for plant growth made of nonwoven material of height 11cm is for subsequent use, obtains the special Light media of camellia seedling.

Embodiment 3:

Seedbed prepares to comprise the steps:

1., sprinkling irrigation system of shading construction: system skeleton all adopts and crosses zinc stainless steel tube and build up, height 3 meters, column horizontal spacing 6 meters, longitudinal pitch 4 meters; The shower nozzle that range is 2 meters is laid by 1.5 × 1.5 meters of spacing; The obscurity 82% of shading screen;

4., matrix frame puts: be placed in length and width being respectively the matrix frame transversely compact of 50 centimetres and 30 centimetres specifications on seedbed that fragment of brick puts up, 2 frames are just put in width direction, seedbed, and longitudinally every meter pendulum 3.3 frames, put 6.6 frames for every square metre so altogether; Matrix frame is placed on the built on stilts seedbed of fragment of brick, 5 centimetres above ground level;

Bud transplantation of seedlings comprises the steps:

3., bud transplantation of seedlings: first insert a dark 6cm vesicle with the chopsticks of bamboo let or sharpening in bag containing soilless substrate central authorities during transplanting, the grafting bud shoot root portion of the sufficient mud of band is unfolded and puts into cave, then bud seedling is buttressed on the other hand, bamboo let enters matrix from bag containing soilless substrate edge oblique cutting by another hand, then presses matrix with bamboo let and extract after center position is ajusted;

4., powder-spreading and sterilizing: employing concentration is that the clean all very bactericidal agent of Chinese Marine University's development of 30% carries out a prophylactic disinfection the germ that anvil bud, fringe bud, operating personnel and instrument may bring seedbed into;

5., raticide is thrown in: below built on stilts seedbed, throw in raticide;

4., remove bow film and shading screen: at the beginning of 8 months, opened at film canopy cover two, again film is all removed after spending 2.5 days; At the beginning of 9 months, select more than three days continuous overcast and rainy weather, shading shed is removed.

Its mesostroma it comprise major ingredient and auxiliary material, major ingredient is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: particle diameter: the Masson Pine Bark particle 45% of 3mm; Peat 26%; Oil tea cake fertilizer 8%; Sawdust powder 6%; Yellow soil 5%; Charcoal or charing husk 6%; Ox or chicken manure 4%; The auxiliary material contained in the matrix of every cubic metre comprises 2.2kg urea; 1.8kg slow-release compound fertilizer; The auspicious field of 2.2kg " board mineral fertilizer; The prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of 1.8kg Kang Yuan oasis board.

The preparation method of matrix, it comprises the steps:

4., ferment, the stockpile 6 kinds of mixed materials that 3. step obtains being piled 100 centimetres high carries out aerobic fermentation in indoor, when in piling, central temperature reaches 65 DEG C, the windrow piling same height with forklift turning cooling again continues aerobic fermentation, repeat 3-4 time with this way, until heap in central temperature and indoor temperature basically identical, namely complete fermentation;

6., pack is shaped, adopt the LKY-II type container for plant growth forming machine-s of forest-science academy of Shandong Province development, 11 kinds of mixed materials are loaded non-woven fabrics mesh bag, and makes diameter 5.5cm, the Light media container for plant growth made of nonwoven material of height 12cm is for subsequent use, obtains the special Light media of camellia seedling.

Checking:

By the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 obtain grafting container seedling and carry out adding up and carry out Transplanting Test in Huaihua City Chenxi County, its average graft survival rate 90.2%, 1 year raw seedling (actual is 6 months) mean height 13.8 ㎝, the highest strain reaches 50 ㎝, average leading thread 0.25 ㎝, the most slightly reach 0.41 ㎝, average tip of a root number 1529, reaches at most 2018; The fraction of the year of general, average survival rate reaches more than 95%, and the especially big high temperature and drought of 2013 fraction of the year, average survival rate still reaches more than 85%; Be very effective and ripe.

It should be noted that, in this article, term " comprises ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability, thus make to comprise the process of a series of key element, method, article or equipment and not only comprise which key element, but also comprise other key elements clearly do not listed, or also comprise by the intrinsic key element of this process, method, article or equipment.

Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above example just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, should be understood that, due to the finiteness of literal expression, and objectively there is unlimited concrete structure, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvement, retouching or change can also be made, also above-mentioned technical characteristic can be combined by rights; These improve retouching, change or combination, or the design of invention and technical scheme are directly applied to other occasion without improving, and all should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. an one-step method breeding method for oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling, is characterized in that, it comprises the cultivating and managing after seedbed preparation, bud transplantation of seedlings and bud transplantation of seedlings;

Seedbed prepares to comprise the steps:

4., matrix frame puts: be placed in length and width being respectively the matrix frame transversely compact of 50 centimetres and 30 centimetres specifications on seedbed that fragment of brick puts up, 2 frames are just put in width direction, seedbed, and longitudinally every meter pendulum 3.3 frames, put 6.6 frames for every square metre so altogether;

Matrix frame is placed on the built on stilts seedbed of fragment of brick, 4-6 centimetre above ground level;

Bud transplantation of seedlings comprises the steps:

5., raticide is thrown in: below built on stilts seedbed, throw in raticide;

2. the one-step method breeding method of a kind of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, taking off film manages and protects in step, first three time to take off film, and to manage and protect executed macroelement concentration be 0.1%, 4th time is 0.2% later, and the macroelement concentration executed after taking off film is completely 0.5%; And when 6 fertilisings of the first two month, many nitrogen fertilizer applications, appropriate potassium application, Shaoshi or do not execute phosphate fertilizer, can change into leaf bud by bud effectively.

3. the one-step method breeding method of a kind of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, matrix used comprises major ingredient and auxiliary material, and major ingredient is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: pine bark 35-45%; Peat 26-34%; Oil tea cake fertilizer 8-12%; Sawdust powder 6-8%; Yellow soil 4-6%; Charcoal or charing husk 4-6%; Ox or chicken manure 2-4%; The auxiliary material contained in the matrix of every cubic metre comprises 1.8-2.2kg urea; 1.8-2.2kg slow-release compound fertilizer; 1.8-2.2kg mineral fertilizer; The prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of 1.8-2.2kg.

4. the one-step method breeding method of a kind of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described major ingredient is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage: pine bark 40%; Peat 30%; Oil tea cake fertilizer 10%; Sawdust powder 7%; Yellow soil 5%; Charcoal or charing husk 5%; Ox or chicken manure 3%.

5. the one-step method breeding method of a kind of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the auxiliary material contained in the matrix of every cubic metre comprises 2kg urea; 2kg slow-release compound fertilizer; 2kg mineral fertilizer; The prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of 2kg.

6. the one-step method breeding method of a kind of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, pine bark used is the Masson Pine Bark after pulverizing and sieving, and particle diameter is 3-6mm.

7. the one-step method breeding method of a kind of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, mineral fertilizer is " auspicious field " board mineral fertilizer, and it contains the 50 multi mineral prime elements such as phosphorus, potassium, silicon, calcium, boron, zinc, iron, selenium, barium, bromine, arsenic, mercury.

8. the one-step method breeding method of a kind of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable is the prebiotic composite bacteria agent capable of Kang Yuan oasis board, containing 80 multiple beneficial bacterial classifications in the six large class floras such as Bifidobacterium, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, saccharomycete.

9. the one-step method breeding method of a kind of oil-tea sprout anvil Light media grafting container seedling according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of matrix comprises the steps: