CN114175977B - Cultivation method of tomatoes in sunlight greenhouse - Google Patents
Cultivation method of tomatoes in sunlight greenhouse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114175977B CN114175977B CN202111499337.8A CN202111499337A CN114175977B CN 114175977 B CN114175977 B CN 114175977B CN 202111499337 A CN202111499337 A CN 202111499337A CN 114175977 B CN114175977 B CN 114175977B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- planting
- row
- plant spacing
- plants
- sunlight greenhouse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for cultivating tomatoes in a sunlight greenhouse, and belongs to the technical field of vegetable facility cultivation. The invention mainly adopts a ridge double-row staggered planting, which comprises the following steps: the initial plant spacing in the first row of field planting is 47-49cm, 3-4 plants are taken as a plant spacing unit, and the plant spacing is reduced to 43-45cm, 39-41cm, 35-37cm and 31-33cm in sequence; the initial plant spacing during the second row planting is 49-51cm, 3-4 plants are taken as a plant spacing unit, and the plant spacing is reduced to 44-46cm, 39-41cm, 34-36cm and 29-31cm in sequence. The cultivation method of the invention has the advantages that the tomatoes have different plant distances in the same furrow and are staggered in two rows, so that short and weak illumination in winter in the north can be fully utilized by the plants; by properly shortening the distance between the tomatoes which are close to the front slope of the greenhouse, the photosynthesis of the plants is successfully increased under the condition of no extra artificial supplementary lighting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable facility cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of tomatoes in a sunlight greenhouse.
Background
With the continuous expansion of the agricultural area of vegetable facilities in China, vegetable facility agriculture mainly comprising greenhouses and sunlight greenhouses in northern areas also becomes a main mode for increasing the yield and enriching the wealth of vast growers. Particularly in winter and in northern areas, the winter is cold, the outdoor minimum temperature reaches minus 35 ℃, agricultural production cannot be carried out, the market price of the vegetables produced out of season by taking the sunlight greenhouse as a main body is high, and higher economic benefit can be obtained. With the continuous improvement of living standard, people increasingly need high-quality vegetables while meeting the requirements of basic vegetables in winter.
The tomatoes have high nutritive value and rich vitamins, are vegetables which can be eaten fresh or cooked, are widely planted, are main vegetables planted in a solar greenhouse in winter, and are particularly popular among people as fruits in winter. The production of high-quality tomatoes in a solar greenhouse in the north in winter is severely limited by climatic conditions, which include: little sunlight, low temperature, etc. Insufficient illumination, short illumination time, limitation of plant photosynthesis, and serious influence on plant growth, plant yield and fruit quality.
Reasonably changes the existing winter sunlight greenhouse tomato cultivation mode, and needs to make a more suitable winter sunlight greenhouse tomato cultivation method in the weak light period to improve the yield and quality of tomatoes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for cultivating tomatoes in a sunlight greenhouse, so that short and weak illumination in winter in the north is fully utilized by tomato plants, and the quality and yield of the tomatoes can be improved without additional artificial light supplement.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for cultivating tomatoes in a sunlight greenhouse adopts one-bed double-row staggered planting, and comprises the following steps: the initial plant spacing in the first row of field planting is 47-49cm, 3-4 plants are taken as a plant spacing unit, and the plant spacing is reduced to 43-45cm, 39-41cm, 35-37cm and 31-33cm in sequence; the initial plant spacing during the second row planting is 49-51cm, 3-4 plants are taken as a plant spacing unit, and the plant spacing is reduced to 44-46cm, 39-41cm, 34-36cm and 29-31cm in sequence.
Preferably, the double-row staggered planting in one furrow is as follows: the initial planting distance in the first row of field planting is 48cm, 3 plants are taken as a planting distance unit, and the planting distances are reduced to 44cm, 40cm, 36cm and 32cm in sequence; the initial planting distance in the second row planting is 50cm, 3 plants are taken as a planting distance unit, and the planting distances are reduced to 45cm, 40cm, 35cm and 30cm in sequence.
Preferably, the planted tomatoes are four-leaf one-heart-stage seedlings.
Preferably, the row spacing of the two fixed planting rows is 38-42cm.
Preferably, the sunlight greenhouse is a single-slope sunlight greenhouse with front slope coverage and three walls on three sides.
Preferably, the planting distances are sequentially reduced from the wall of the sunlight greenhouse along the direction of the slope.
Preferably, before the planting, 30-40 kg/mu of lime nitrogen is adopted to disinfect sunlight greenhouse soil and/or the sulfur or chlorothalonil is adopted to fumigate and disinfect.
Preferably, decomposed manure is applied to each mu of land before planting by 4.0-4.5m 3 6-8kg of urea, and 28-32cm deep ploughing soil for ridging.
More preferably, the ridge width is 110-125cm, and the ridge height is 14-17cm.
Preferably, the temperature of the sunlight greenhouse is kept at 33-35 ℃ after the tomatoes are planted, 15-18 ℃ at night and 24-27 ℃ in the daytime after the tomatoes are released.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a tomato cultivation method suitable for a sunlight greenhouse in a weak light period in winter in the north, which comprises the following steps: the tomatoes are planted in the same field in a planting mode with different plant distances and two staggered rows, so that the short and weak illumination in winter in the north can be fully utilized by tomato plant seedlings, the plants are good in growth vigor, the fruit setting rate is high, and the fruit quality is good; by properly shortening the distance between the tomatoes close to the front slope of the greenhouse, the photosynthesis of the plants is successfully increased under the condition of no extra artificial light supplement, strong seedlings are cultivated, and the plant diseases and insect pests are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention discloses a schematic diagram of a cultivation method of tomatoes in a sunlight greenhouse.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for cultivating tomatoes in a sunlight greenhouse, which mainly adopts a planting mode of one-bed double-row planting, staggered row planting and gradual plant spacing shortening.
The solar greenhouse in the northern part of winter can realize the overwintering production of tomatoes, the tomatoes are generally sown and grown in the middle and the top ten days of 8 months, and the tomato blight of the solar greenhouse in winter is serious. The invention preferably selects the tomato variety resisting the blight as the main cultivated variety. As an alternative embodiment, the present invention selects the mini tomato variety "golden imperial" as the main cultivar.
Low temperature, low light, is a major factor limiting solar greenhouse production in northern winter. The northern winter sunlight greenhouse of the invention refers to a front slope coverage single slope sunlight greenhouse with three walls, and comprises a single slope plastic film greenhouse, a single slope glass greenhouse and the like. The invention preferably selects a single-slope plastic film greenhouse, further preferably selects a PO film as a front slope plastic film, the PO film has good heat preservation and high light transmittance, the heat preservation roller blind is covered at night, the double-layer heat preservation cotton structure in the roller blind quilt can ensure that the night temperature of the sunlight greenhouse is not lower than 10 ℃, and the east, west and north surfaces are walls to maintain the night temperature.
According to the method, before field planting, 30-40 kg/mu of lime nitrogen is preferably adopted to disinfect sunlight greenhouse soil and/or sulfur or chlorothalonil is adopted to fumigate and disinfect the sunlight greenhouse soil; further preferably, soil disinfection and fumigation disinfection are carried out together; more preferably, the dosage of the lime nitrogen is 35 kg/mu when the lime nitrogen is used for disinfection, the soil keeps 10% of humidity, a mulching film is covered, and the soil is disinfected by using an intermediate product decomposed by the lime nitrogen. The lime nitrogen soil disinfection can be used for thoroughly removing disease residues and worm eggs in the soil, and the incidence rate of diseases and insect pests in the next year is extremely low.
The method preferably selects 8 middle-aged ten days, adopts plug-seedling for seeding and seedling raising, and can directly grow seedlings by plug-seedling. Before the tomato seeds are germinated, the seeds are sterilized, preferably by using trisodium phosphate, so that the probability of occurrence of damping-off and damping-off in the seedling stage can be greatly reduced; further preferably, the seed is sterilized by a trisodium phosphate solution with a mass concentration of 10%. The seeds are germinated until the seeds are exposed to the white, the seeds are covered with soil for 1cm after being sown, the film is covered and the temperature is kept until the seeds germinate and emerge, the temperature in the seedling stage is 25 ℃, the temperature is high, the seedlings emerge, the film is required to be removed in time after the seedlings emerge, the soil is watered when the soil is obviously lack of water and is dry, and the seedlings are prevented from growing excessively. As one possible implementation mode, the seeding matrix of the invention is prepared by mixing turf, organic fertilizer, vermiculite and perlite according to a volume ratio of 6.
The invention preferably applies decomposed manure of 4.0-4.5m per mu before field planting 3 6-8kg of urea, and the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are matched for use, so that the short-term and long-term requirements of the tomatoes on the fertilizer can be ensured; further preferably applying decomposed manure with the thickness of 4.2m per mu 3 7kg of urea. After fertilization, deeply ploughing soil by 28-32cm, ridging and ridging; further preferably turned deep by 30cm. Preferably, the ridge width is 110-125cm, and the ridge height is 14-17cm; further preferably, the ridge width is 120cm and the ridge height is 15cm. As an implementation mode, after fertilizing and preparing soil, two drip irrigation belts are laid on each ridge and covered with an agricultural plastic film.
The plug seedling is not divided, which saves labor and time, and the seedlings are not watered after being watered once a week before the field planting. According to the invention, preferably, when the tomato seedlings grow to four leaves and one core, the sunlight greenhouse seedling planting is carried out; further preferably, the planting is carried out in the morning on a fine day, tomato seedlings with soil lumps are taken out and transplanted into the dug planting furrows.
The field planting adopts one-ridge double-row staggered field planting, and comprises the steps that the initial planting distance is 47-49cm during the first row field planting, 3-4 plants are taken as a planting distance unit, and the planting distances are sequentially reduced to 43-45cm, 39-41cm, 35-37cm and 31-33cm; the initial plant spacing during the second row planting is 49-51cm, 3-4 plants are taken as a plant spacing unit, and the plant spacing is reduced to 44-46cm, 39-41cm, 34-36cm and 29-31cm in sequence. The specific planting distance and the number of the planted plants can be determined according to the span of a sunlight greenhouse or the land preparation ridge length. When the span of the sunlight greenhouse is less than or equal to 8m, taking 3 plants as a plant spacing unit, and planting about 14 tomato seedlings in a row; when the span of the sunlight greenhouse is more than 8m, for example, when the sunlight greenhouse has a span of 12m, about 20 tomato seedlings are fixedly planted in one row by taking 4 plants as a plant spacing unit.
According to the invention, the initial planting distance in the first row planting is preferably 48cm, 3 plants are taken as a planting distance unit, and the planting distances are sequentially reduced to 44cm, 40cm, 36cm and 32cm; when the second row is planted, the initial plant spacing is 50cm, 3 plants are taken as a plant spacing unit, and the plant spacing is reduced to 45cm, 40cm, 35cm and 30cm in sequence; 14-15 plants are planted in one row, namely 28-30 tomato seedlings in one ridge, and the method is suitable for most specifications of northern winter single-slope sunlight greenhouses.
The preferred plant spacing of the invention is reduced from the wall of the sunlight greenhouse along the direction of the slope. As shown in FIG. 1, "+" represents a tomato seedling and "(48)" represents a plant spacing, i.e., "North-thin-south-dense". The single-slope sunlight greenhouse in the north in winter is mostly in a slope shape with a north facing south and a low front and a high back, short and weak illumination in the north in winter can be fully utilized by plants through a planting mode with different plant spacing and two staggered rows, the plants grow well, the fruit setting rate is high, and the fruit quality is good; further, the plant photosynthesis is successfully increased under the condition of no extra artificial light supplement by properly shortening the plant distance of the tomatoes close to the front slope of the sunlight greenhouse, and strong seedlings are cultivated. As an implementation mode, drip irrigation is used for watering the seedling-reviving water in time after the planting in the sunlight greenhouse is finished, and the water is watered thoroughly to promote the seedling reviving.
The invention preferably selects a double-row line spacing in a furrow to be 38-42cm; further preferably, the double row pitch is 40cm.
The invention preferably keeps the temperature of a sunlight greenhouse at 33-35 ℃ after planting; it is further preferable to maintain the temperature at 35 ℃. As an implementation mode, the greenhouse is heated when necessary in low-temperature weather, the sunlight greenhouse in the north has high humidity, the plants are easy to have bacterial diseases, and the plants are ventilated and dehumidified at the noon in sunny days. The invention preferably keeps the temperature of the sunlight greenhouse at 15-18 ℃ at night and 24-27 ℃ in the day after seedling delay; further preferably 15 ℃ at night and 25 ℃ in the day, and timely ventilation and moisture removal are paid attention to.
The method preferably hangs the vines 18 days after the field planting, further preferably hangs the vines 18-25 days after the field planting, and more preferably hangs the vines 20-22 days after the field planting. As an implementation mode, the vines are hung by thick ropes or bamboo poles, and the whole planting and branching are carried out every 6-7 days.
In the invention, pollination is carried out every 1-2 days after the second inflorescence blooms, and further preferably every 1 day. As an implementation mode, the invention uses a vibration pollinator to carry out vibration pollination.
The invention preferably sprays the foliar fertilizer which contains a plurality of microelements in the middle growth stage of the tomato plant, thereby preventing the premature senility of the plant and improving the yield.
According to the invention, the first ear of tomato in 12-month later ten-day period is preferably picked and harvested after the first ear of tomato is ripe, thus realizing overwintering production of the greenhouse tomato in the weak light period in winter in the north, and meeting the market demands of New year's day and spring festival.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Variety selection: the anti-blight variety Jinfei is taken as a cultivated variety;
(2) Preparing and sterilizing a greenhouse: selecting a single-slope plastic film sunlight greenhouse with a PO film as a front slope; applying 35kg of lime nitrogen per mu, keeping the soil humidity at 10%, covering a mulching film, and disinfecting the soil; igniting sulfur to fumigate and disinfect air.
(3) Seedling culture: in 8 middle-month ten days, sowing and raising seedlings by using a plug, soaking tomato seeds in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for disinfection, and accelerating germination until white color appears; mixing turf, organic fertilizer, vermiculite and perlite according to volume ratio 6; the temperature is kept at 25 ℃ in the seedling stage, and the excessive growth of the seedlings is prevented and controlled by the principle that moisture is dry and wet.
(4) Soil preparation and ridge making: applying decomposed manure of 4.2 m/mu 3 7kg of urea, deeply ploughing soil by 28cm, forming ridges and making beds, wherein the width of each bed is 110 cm, and the height of each ridge is 14 cm; two drip irrigation belts are laid on each ridge, and agricultural plastic films are covered on the ridges.
(5) Seedling planting: carrying out winter seedling field planting in a sunlight greenhouse when the tomato seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, wherein the field planting is carried out in the morning on a fine day, and adopting double-row field planting with the row spacing of 40cm; the planting mode is as follows: when the field planting is carried out in the first row, starting from a sunlight greenhouse wall, the initial planting distance is 48cm, taking 3 plants as a planting distance unit, and sequentially reducing the planting distances to 44cm, 40cm, 36cm and 32cm along the slope surface direction; in the second row, the initial planting distance is 50cm, 3 plants are taken as a planting distance unit, the planting distances are sequentially reduced to 45cm, 40cm, 35cm and 30cm, 14 plants are planted in one row, and 28 tomato seedlings are planted in one ridge; after field planting, watering seedling-recovering water by a dropper in time.
(6) Seedling management: after field planting, keeping the temperature of a sunlight greenhouse at 35 ℃ for accelerating seedling slowing, ventilating and cooling at proper time, reducing the temperature of a greenhouse at 15 ℃ at night and 25 ℃ in the daytime after seedling slowing, ventilating and dehumidifying at proper time, hanging vines 20-22 days after field planting, and performing whole planting and branching every 7 days.
(7) And harvesting the fruits after the fruits are ripe.
Example 2
(1) Variety selection: the anti-blight variety Jinfei is taken as a cultivated variety;
(2) Preparing and sterilizing a greenhouse: selecting a single-slope glass sunlight greenhouse; applying 30 kg/mu of lime nitrogen, keeping the soil humidity at 10%, covering a mulching film, and disinfecting the soil.
(3) Seedling culture: in 8 middle-month ten days, sowing and raising seedlings by using a plug, soaking tomato seeds in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for disinfection, and accelerating germination until white color appears; mixing turf, organic fertilizer, vermiculite and perlite according to a volume ratio of 6; the temperature is kept at 25 ℃ in the seedling stage, and the excessive growth of the seedlings is prevented and controlled by the principle that moisture is dry and wet.
(4) Land preparation and ridge making: applying decomposed manure of 4.0m per mu 3 6kg of urea, deeply ploughing soil by 32cm, forming ridges and making beds, wherein the width of each bed is 120cm, and the height of each ridge is 15 cm; two drip irrigation belts are laid on each ridge, and agricultural plastic films are covered on the ridges.
(5) Seedling planting: carrying out winter seedling field planting in a sunlight greenhouse when the tomato seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, wherein the field planting is carried out in the morning on a sunny day, and adopting double-row field planting with the row spacing of 38cm; the planting mode is as follows: when the field planting is carried out in the first row, starting from a sunlight greenhouse wall, the initial planting distance is 47cm, taking 3 plants as a planting distance unit, and sequentially reducing the planting distances to 43cm, 39cm, 35cm and 31cm along the slope surface direction; in the second row planting, the initial plant distance is 49cm, 3 plants are taken as a plant distance unit, the plant distances are sequentially reduced to 44cm, 39cm, 34cm and 29cm, 15 plants are planted in one row, and 30 tomato seedlings are planted in one ridge; after field planting, watering seedling-recovering water by a dropper in time.
(6) Seedling management: and (3) after field planting, keeping the temperature of a sunlight greenhouse at 33 ℃ for accelerating seedling recovery, ventilating and cooling at proper time, reducing the temperature of a greenhouse at 16 ℃ at night and 24 ℃ in the day after seedling recovery, ventilating and dehumidifying at proper time, hanging vines 18-20 days after field planting, and performing full planting and crotch forming at intervals of 7 days.
(7) And harvesting the fruits after the fruits are ripe.
Example 3
(1) Variety selection: the anti-blight variety Jinfei is taken as a cultivated variety;
(2) Preparing and sterilizing a greenhouse: selecting a single-slope plastic film sunlight greenhouse with a PO film as a front slope; applying 40 kg/mu of lime nitrogen, keeping the soil humidity at 10%, covering a mulching film, and disinfecting the soil; utilizing chlorothalonil to fumigate and disinfect.
(3) Seedling culture: in 8 middle-month ten days, sowing and raising seedlings by using a plug, soaking tomato seeds in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for disinfection, and accelerating germination until white color appears; mixing turf, organic fertilizer, vermiculite and perlite according to a volume ratio of 6; the temperature is kept at 25 ℃ in the seedling stage, and the excessive growth of the seedlings is prevented and controlled by the principle that moisture is dry and wet.
(4) Soil preparation and ridge making: applying decomposed manure of 4.0-4.5 m/mu 3 6-8kg of urea, deeply ploughing soil for 30cm, forming ridges and making beds, wherein the width of each bed is 125cm, and the height of each ridge is 17cm; two drip irrigation belts are laid on each ridge, and agricultural plastic films are covered on the ridges.
(5) Seedling planting: carrying out winter seedling field planting in a sunlight greenhouse when the tomato seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, wherein the field planting is carried out in the morning on a fine day, and adopting double-row field planting with the row spacing of 42cm; the planting mode is as follows: when the field planting is carried out in the first row, starting from a sunlight greenhouse wall, sequentially reducing the plant spacing to 45cm, 41cm, 37cm and 33cm along the slope by taking 3 plants as a plant spacing unit; in the second row, the initial planting distance is 51cm, 4 plants are taken as a planting distance unit, the planting distances are reduced to 46cm, 41cm, 36cm and 31cm in sequence, 20 plants are planted in one row, and 40 tomato seedlings are planted in one ridge; and watering seedling-reviving water by using a dropper after field planting.
(6) Seedling management: after field planting, the temperature of a sunlight greenhouse is maintained at 34 ℃ for accelerating seedling slowing, ventilation and cooling are carried out at proper time, the temperature of a greenhouse is reduced to 18 ℃ at night and 27 ℃ in the daytime after seedling slowing, tendrils are hung 22-25 days after field planting, and whole planting and twitching are carried out at intervals of 7 days.
(7) And harvesting the fruits after the fruits are ripe.
Example 4
Influence of different planting modes on growth, yield and quality of tomatoes
And (3) planting the tomato seedlings in the same greenhouse according to the planting method of the embodiment 1, wherein the planting method comprises the steps of equidistant double rows, sparse double row planting and close single row planting. Except for the planting mode, the management modes of double-row equidistant planting, double-row sparse planting and single-row dense planting are the same as embodiment 1, and each cell is 6m 2 Repeat 3 times.
Double-row equidistant: one furrow is provided with two rows, the row spacing is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 40cm;
double-row thin planting: one bed has double rows, the row spacing is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 50cm;
single-row close planting: one furrow with single row and the plant spacing of 28cm.
Measuring the plant height when the second cluster fruits are mature; and harvesting after ripening, and measuring the yield, the content of soluble solids in the fruits, the content of lycopene and the hardness of the fruits. The results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Effect of different planting patterns on tomato growth, yield and quality
According to the table 1, the short and weak illumination in winter in the north can be fully utilized by the staggered planting of the double rows in one ridge, the growth vigor of the plants is good, the yield is high, the fruit quality is good, and the planting method is superior to the planting modes of double-row equidistant planting, double-row sparse planting and the like adopted in the traditional tomato planting.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for cultivating tomatoes in a sunlight greenhouse is characterized in that one-bed double-row staggered planting is adopted, and comprises the following steps: the initial plant spacing in the first row of field planting is 47-49cm, 3-4 plants are taken as a plant spacing unit, and the plant spacing is reduced to 43-45cm, 39-41cm, 35-37cm and 31-33cm in sequence; the initial planting distance in the second row planting is 49-51cm, 3-4 plants are taken as a planting distance unit, and the planting distances are reduced to 44-46cm, 39-41cm, 34-36cm and 29-31cm in sequence;
the row spacing of the two fixed planting rows is 38-42cm; the sunlight greenhouse is a single-slope sunlight greenhouse with front slope coverage and three walls on three sides, and the sunlight greenhouse is in a north-south direction; the ridges are in the north-south direction; the plant spacing is reduced in sequence along the slope direction by the wall body of the sunlight greenhouse.
2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the double-row staggered field planting in one furrow comprises the following steps: the initial planting distance in the first row of field planting is 48cm, 3 plants are taken as a planting distance unit, and the planting distances are reduced to 44cm, 40cm, 36cm and 32cm in sequence; and when the second row is planted, the initial plant spacing is 50cm, 3 plants are taken as a plant spacing unit, and the plant spacing is reduced to 45cm, 40cm, 35cm and 30cm in sequence.
3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the planted tomatoes are four-leaf one-heart stage seedlings.
4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the sunlight greenhouse soil is disinfected by lime nitrogen 30-40 kg/acre and/or fumigated by sulfur or chlorothalonil before planting.
5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein decomposed manure is applied in a range of 4.0 to 4.5m per acre before planting 3 6-8kg of urea, deeply ploughing soil by 28-32cm, and ridging.
6. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the furrow width is 110-125cm and the furrow height is 14-17cm.
7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the sunlight greenhouse temperature is maintained at 33-35 ℃ in the seedling recovering period after the tomato is planted, 15-18 ℃ at night and 24-27 ℃ in the day after the tomato is recovered.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111499337.8A CN114175977B (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Cultivation method of tomatoes in sunlight greenhouse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111499337.8A CN114175977B (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Cultivation method of tomatoes in sunlight greenhouse |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114175977A CN114175977A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
| CN114175977B true CN114175977B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
Family
ID=80542918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111499337.8A Active CN114175977B (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Cultivation method of tomatoes in sunlight greenhouse |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114175977B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114847100A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-05 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | High-light-efficiency yield-increasing cultivation method for tomatoes in weak light areas |
| CN114938762A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-26 | 青海省农林科学院 | Cultivation method of high-quality tomatoes in solar greenhouse |
| CN117256419B (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2024-05-14 | 北京翠湖农业科技有限公司 | Intelligent multi-span greenhouse cherry tomato planting management method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101138298A (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2008-03-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | Honeycomb type field corn planting method |
| CN102835284A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2012-12-26 | 邱波 | Novel technology for regulating illumination of solar greenhouse |
| CN103703995A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-09 | 天津市金三农农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for planting tomato vegetables in greenhouse |
| CN106995320A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-01 | 宁夏大荣化工冶金有限公司 | Modified form partile cyanamid prevents and treats the method and purposes of tomato blossom-end rot and dehiscent fruit |
| CN111034553A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-21 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cultivation method suitable for winter-surviving cucumbers in sunlight greenhouse |
| CN113079975A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-09 | 中国农业大学 | Greenhouse tomato opportunistic east-west planting method |
-
2021
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202111499337.8A patent/CN114175977B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101138298A (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2008-03-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | Honeycomb type field corn planting method |
| CN102835284A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2012-12-26 | 邱波 | Novel technology for regulating illumination of solar greenhouse |
| CN103703995A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-09 | 天津市金三农农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for planting tomato vegetables in greenhouse |
| CN106995320A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-01 | 宁夏大荣化工冶金有限公司 | Modified form partile cyanamid prevents and treats the method and purposes of tomato blossom-end rot and dehiscent fruit |
| CN111034553A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-21 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cultivation method suitable for winter-surviving cucumbers in sunlight greenhouse |
| CN113079975A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-09 | 中国农业大学 | Greenhouse tomato opportunistic east-west planting method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 不同株距对温室冬春茬番茄生长和产量的影响;王浩等;《农学学报》;20111020(第10期);第16-18页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114175977A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN114175977B (en) | Cultivation method of tomatoes in sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN103430799A (en) | Greenhouse Huping jujube culturing technology | |
| CN108419628A (en) | A kind of cultural method of aspermous watermelon | |
| CN101185394A (en) | High quality high-efficiency cultivation method for imperial crown watermelon | |
| CN102550278A (en) | High-yield method for interplanting strawberry with corn | |
| CN105230300A (en) | Planting method for melons | |
| CN104041271A (en) | Culturing method for early spring pollution-free white eggplants | |
| CN115005029B (en) | Ten-cycle high-yield planting technology for muskmelon greenhouse | |
| CN1817092A (en) | Forced double cropping cultivation of fresh Jingwei jujube | |
| CN111316877A (en) | Cassava lodging-resistant efficient yield-increasing cultivation method | |
| CN112673946B (en) | Method for brewing, heating and seedling raising of pod peppers in high and cold mountainous areas in south | |
| CN107873415B (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting tomatoes and cowpeas in winter-warming greenhouse to crop melons in rotation mode | |
| CN112655550A (en) | Fruit cucumber hybrid seed production method | |
| CN111149634A (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting bananas and black-skinned wax gourds | |
| CN105724166A (en) | Greenhouse grape single-mother-vine fruiting successive-year double-cropping cultivation method | |
| CN105123254A (en) | Multiple-cropping method of early-mature potato, celery and leafy vegetables in arched shed | |
| CN112042459B (en) | Annual double-cropping cultivation method for greenhouse grapes | |
| CN108541541A (en) | A kind of winter-spring season interplants the cultural method of southern brassica campestris var purpurea in northern greenhouse vine | |
| CN109662000B (en) | Cultivation method for improving seed production yield of tuber mustard | |
| CN112136613A (en) | Watermelon cultivation management method suitable for four-connected-greenhouse in smoke area | |
| CN112154882A (en) | Green potato planting method suitable for secondary utilization of northern rice seedling raising shed | |
| CN111386956A (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting fruit pawpaw and white gourd | |
| CN105935024A (en) | Method for cultivating square watermelons with characters | |
| CN112056066A (en) | Application method of nano selenium fertilizer for improving watermelon wilt resistance | |
| CN111328651A (en) | Cultivation method for harvesting two crops through crop rotation planting in one year |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |