CN111328651A

CN111328651A - Cultivation method for harvesting two crops through crop rotation planting in one year

Info

Publication number: CN111328651A
Application number: CN202010264004.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范高领; 吴康云; 胡明文; 何建文; 詹永发; 梁郸娜; 吴迪
Original assignee: Guizhou Silkworm Leaf Research Institute (guizhou Institute Of Capsicum)
Current assignee: Guizhou Silkworm Leaf Research Institute (guizhou Institute Of Capsicum)
Priority date: 2020-04-07
Filing date: 2020-04-07
Publication date: 2020-06-26

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural crop planting, and discloses a cultivation method for harvesting two crops by crop rotation planting in one year, wherein pepper seeds of previous crops are disinfected by a warm soup seed soaking method, and pepper floating seedling is adopted; preparing soil before transplanting, applying decomposed organic fertilizer, ternary compound fertilizer and base fertilizer to each mu of land, deeply ploughing, finely harrowing, leveling, ditching, raising boxes and covering by adopting a double-sided film; and after transplanting, field management and pest control are enhanced. Sowing the succeeding crop, namely the green vegetables or the Chinese cabbages; seeding directly or transplanting seedlings; directly seeding green vegetables or Chinese cabbages, and after seedling emergence, timing, seedling setting, and pest control. The invention improves the utilization rate of land, increases the output value per unit area and the economic income, forms a fixed planting mode, is convenient for reasonably arranging the planting time of crops and improves the local planting level. The invention improves the added value and the coverage rate of the land, adjusts the structure of the supply side of the agricultural industry, reduces high-stalk inefficient crops and increases the economic income.

Description

Cultivation method for harvesting two crops through crop rotation planting in one year

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural crop planting, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for harvesting two crops through crop rotation planting in one year.

Background

At present, due to the fact that the terrain drop of mountains is large, the gradient is large, the land is broken, most of the plants are planted in one crop in one year in the traditional mode, corn and rice are mainly planted, and the yield per unit and the land utilization efficiency are low. Secondly, the local planting level is low, a proper planting rotation mode is not fixed, proper selection of the stubble crops is not available, and a proper fixed planting mode suitable for the local is not formed.

Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

(1) the mountain land has large terrain fall, large gradient and broken land, most of the land is planted one crop a year traditionally, mainly corns and rice are used, and the yield per unit and the land utilization efficiency are low.

(2) The planting level of the mountainous region is low, a proper planting rotation mode is not fixed, a proper stubble crop selection is not available, and a proper fixed planting mode suitable for the local area is not formed.

(3) Only a very small amount of pepper planting area is available, one crop is planted in one year, and no crop rotation is available.

(4) Local pepper planting variety selection is disordered, market positioning is inaccurate, the traditional method is used for planting, the management level is low, and benefits are not obvious.

The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is:

(1) the profound effects of local traditional planting habits, and the deeply rooted planting patterns

(2) The local farmers have certain psychological repulsion to the introduction and application of new knowledge and new technology

(3) The local labor quality is low, the local labor quality is generally primary culture, and the requirement and the receptivity to new knowledge and new technology are low.

(4) In remote mountainous areas, the introduction of people is lacking in the propagation of new knowledge and new technology.

The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows:

(1) the inherent planting mode of one crop per year in the local tradition is changed, 2 crops per year are planted, the utilization rate and the coverage rate of the land are improved, and the output of the unit land is increased.

(2) A fixed stubble-connecting rotation mode is formed, which is beneficial to reasonable arrangement of farming and farming season.

(3) The planting level of the local farmers is improved, and the labor quality of the local farmers is improved.

(4) By introducing and applying new knowledge and new technology, the labor skills of local practitioners are improved, the labor force is saved, the production cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cultivation method for crop rotation planting and harvesting of two crops in one year.

The invention is realized in such a way that a cultivation method for harvesting two crops by crop rotation planting in one year comprises the following steps:

firstly, sterilizing pepper seeds of previous crop by adopting a warm soup seed soaking method, and carrying out floating seedling culture on the pepper;

step two, performing land preparation 20 days before transplanting, applying decomposed organic fertilizer, ternary compound fertilizer and base fertilizer to each mu of land, deeply ploughing, finely harrowing and leveling, and covering by using a black mulching film or a silver/black double-sided film after covering ditches and excavating compartments;

thirdly, transplanting by adopting single-compartment double-row single plant cross planting; after transplanting, performing one-time topdressing before blooming; after flowering, performing two additional manuring, and enhancing field management and later pest control;

fourthly, before sowing the next crop of the green vegetables or the Chinese cabbages, soaking the seeds in water at normal temperature, taking out the seeds, and then slightly drying the seeds for sowing; after the peppers are harvested, pulling out the plants and preparing the soil; directly sowing green vegetables or Chinese cabbages in the primary planting holes of the hot peppers; or transplanting green vegetables or Chinese cabbages during seedling culture.

Fifthly, direct seeding and seeding; after seedlings are directly sowed, thinning is carried out in time; after the seedlings are fixed, topdressing management is carried out in time;

and sixthly, after seedling emergence of the green vegetables or the Chinese cabbages, fixing seedlings, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and performing topdressing after the seedlings are fixed.

Further, the first step includes: the seeds are disinfected by a warm soup seed soaking method, the seeds are placed in a glass or metal container, warm water with the temperature of 55 ℃ is added while water is added for stirring, the stirring is carried out for 10 to 15 minutes until the water temperature is reduced to below 35 ℃, the seeds are continuously soaked for 8 to 12 hours, and the seeds are taken out and are slightly dried for seeding and seedling raising or are subjected to germination accelerating treatment at the temperature of 28 ℃.

Further, the floating seedling raising of the hot pepper in the first step is carried out from the last ten days of 2 months to the last 3 months, blue-green algae in the nutrient solution is treated by copper sulfate, the amount of the copper sulfate added into the nutrient solution is 30 mg/L, the seedling hardening treatment is carried out 7-10 days before transplanting, and the seedling age reaches more than 45 days.

Further, land preparation is carried out 20 days before the second transplanting, 3000 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer 2000-3000 kilograms, 50 kilograms of 15-15-15 ternary compound fertilizer and 10 kilograms of urea are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizers, deep ploughing, fine harrowing and leveling are carried out, 1.2 meters of covered ditches are opened, the height of each cabin is 20-25 centimeters, the width of each cabin is 80 centimeters, and the width of each ditch is 40 centimeters.

Further, transplanting in 4-month middle ten days in rainfall-free weather, wherein single-compartment double-row single plant crossed planting is adopted in the transplanting, the row spacing on the film is 50 cm, the plant spacing is 35-40 cm, and a wide-row and narrow-row mode with the wide row spacing of 70 cm and the narrow row spacing of 50 cm is formed after transplanting; during transplanting, the pepper seedlings are planted deeply to be over cotyledonary nodes; and irrigating root fixing water in time after transplanting, adding a bactericide into the root fixing water, and adding the beta-fluthrin.

Further, after the third step of transplanting, performing once topdressing before blooming, mainly using nitrogen fertilizer, and performing topdressing on rhizosphere soil by using 3-4 kg of water-soluble fertilizer with the concentration of 1% per mu; topdressing for the second time after fruit setting of the capsicum annuum, mainly using water-soluble balanced fertilizer, and topdressing rhizosphere soil with the concentration of 2% -3% by using 4-6 kg per mu; and (3) topdressing for the third time after the peppers are picked to the sixth layer of fruits, mainly using water-soluble balanced fertilizer, and topdressing rhizosphere soil with the concentration of 2% -3% by using 4-6 kilograms per mu.

Further, soaking the seeds in normal-temperature water for 3-5 hours; seeding in time in the last 9 th ten days; directly sowing green vegetables or Chinese cabbages in the planting holes of the hot peppers, sowing 6-8 seeds in each hole with the depth of 0.8-1 cm, and irrigating the germination water in time after sowing; and (4) seedling raising and transplanting, wherein the seedling raising is carried out 20 days before the sowing date, the seedling is timely transplanted when the seedling reaches four leaves and one core, and root fixing water is timely irrigated after the seedling is transplanted.

Further, thinning is carried out after the seedlings are directly broadcast in the fifth step, thinning is completed in two times, the first time is carried out when two leaves and one heart, and 4-5 healthy and strong seedlings are reserved in each hole; keeping 2-3 healthy and strong seedlings in each acupoint when four leaves and one heart are used for the second time; and when the seedlings grow to 5-6 leaves, selecting the most robust strain for final singling.

Further, topdressing is carried out in time after the sixth step of final singling, 1% -2% of urea water-soluble fertilizer is adopted for rhizosphere topdressing for the first time, and the dosage per mu is 3 kilograms; and (3) performing secondary topdressing at intervals of 25 days, and performing rhizosphere topdressing by adopting 2-3% of high-nitrogen ternary element water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer consumption per mu is 5 kilograms.

And further, watering in time when drought occurs in the sixth step, and applying calcium fertilizer in time in the later period of the Chinese cabbage. Thus, the Chinese cabbage can be prevented from being burnt, and the commodity quality of the Chinese cabbage is improved.

By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the method is suitable for the climatic environment of mountainous regions and the requirement of agricultural production, 2 crops are planted in one year, the growth periods of the 2 crops are not influenced mutually, compared with single crop, one crop is harvested for a plurality of times, the utilization rate of land is improved, the output value per unit area and the economic income are increased, a fixed planting mode is formed, the reasonable arrangement of the planting time of the crops is facilitated, and the local planting level is improved.

The invention improves the utilization rate of land, which is improved to 2 stubbles in the current year from 1 stubbles in the prior year; the yield per unit area is increased, the structure of the supply side of the agricultural industry is adjusted, high-stalk low-efficiency crops are reduced, and the economic income is increased. By implementing the planting mode of pepper and green vegetables (Chinese cabbage), the yield per mu is increased by 9460 yuan, 9180 yuan and 4500 yuan compared with the local single cropping of corn, rice and pepper.

Table 1 is a comparison of the annual revenue per acre for various crops.

Name of crop	Cultivation system	Yield per mu (jin)	Univalent (yuan)	Income per mu (Yuan)
					Corn (corn)	1 crop of one year	800	1.3	1040
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with improved resistance to stress	1 crop of one year	1100	1.2	1320
					Chili pepper	1 crop of one year	5000 (test field mu yield)	1.2	6000
Chili and green vegetables	2 stubbles per year	5000+9000	1.2；0.5	10500
					Chili and cabbage	2 stubbles per year	5000+9000	1.2；0.5	10500

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a cultivation method for harvesting two crops by crop rotation in one year according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cultivation method for harvesting two crops by crop rotation in one year, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figure 1, the cultivation method for crop rotation planting and harvesting of two crops in one year provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

s101: the pepper seeds of the previous crop are disinfected by a warm soup seed soaking method, and the pepper is used for floating seedling.

S102: and (3) performing soil preparation 20 days before transplanting, applying decomposed organic fertilizer, ternary compound fertilizer and base fertilizer to each mu of land, deeply ploughing, finely harrowing, leveling, ditching, raising the carriage, and covering by using a black mulching film or a silver/black double-sided film.

S103: selecting rainfall-free weather to transplant in the middle ten days of 4 months, and adopting single-compartment double-row single plant cross planting for transplantation; and after transplanting, once topdressing is carried out before blooming, twice topdressing is carried out after blooming, and field management and pest control are enhanced.

S104: soaking the seeds in water at normal temperature for 3-5 hr before sowing, taking out, air drying and sowing.

S105: seeding or seedling transplanting in time in the last ten days of 9 months, performing interval seedling fixing in time after seedling emergence, and performing topdressing management in time after seedling fixing.

S106: managing the field after the seedling setting of the green vegetables (Chinese cabbages), paying attention to the prevention and control of insect pests such as aphids, cutworms, cabbage caterpillars and noctuids, diseases such as gray mold and downy mildew, preventing and controlling the aphids and the tussah in the early stage, and preventing and controlling the gray mold, the downy mold, the cabbage caterpillars and the noctuids in the later stage; and (5) topdressing is carried out in time after the seedlings are set.

The cultivation method for harvesting two crops by crop rotation in one year provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps:

first, previous crop pepper

1. The variety selection is carried out, wherein the pepper variety is a properly cultivated variety suitable for the local climate environment and consumption habits, such as Guizhou pepper variety No. 8 and Chimonarius research No. 2 which are cultivated by Guizhou province academy of agricultural sciences, and the seed consumption amount of each mu of land is about 30 g.

2. And (2) seed treatment, namely disinfecting the seeds by adopting a warm soup seed soaking method, putting the seeds into a glass or metal container, adding warm water of 55 ℃ until the seeds are completely immersed, adding water while stirring, stirring for 10-15 minutes until the water temperature is reduced to below 35 ℃, continuously soaking the seeds for about 8-12 hours, taking out the seeds, slightly airing the seeds for sowing and seedling culture or carrying out germination accelerating treatment at 28 ℃.

3. Seedling cultivation is carried out in the last ten days of 2 months to the last 3 months, the seedling cultivation mode adopts a pepper floating seedling cultivation technical specification (DB 52/T962-.

4. Preparing land and making a compartment, preparing land 20 days before transplanting, applying 3000 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer 2000-one, 50 kilograms of 15-15-15 ternary compound fertilizer and 10 kilograms of urea as base fertilizer to each mu of land, deeply ploughing, finely harrowing and leveling, covering and opening the compartment with 1.2 meters of covered ditches, wherein the height of the compartment is 20-25 centimeters, the width of the compartment is 80 centimeters, the width of the ditches is 40 centimeters, the length is determined according to the length of the land, and covering by adopting black mulching films or silver/black double-sided films.

5. Transplanting, selecting rainfall-free weather to transplant in the middle ten days of 4 months, adopting single-box double-row single plant cross field planting to transplant, wherein the row spacing on the film is 50 cm, the plant spacing is 35-40 cm, and forming a wide-row and narrow-row mode with the wide row spacing of 70 cm and the narrow row spacing of 50 cm after transplanting. During transplanting, the pepper seedlings need to be deeply planted properly, and the pepper seedlings are planted deeply to be over cotyledonary nodes. And irrigating root fixing water in time after transplanting, wherein the root fixing water needs to be added with a bactericide to avoid root injury and disease, and the high-efficiency bifenthrin is added to prevent and control the cutworm damage.

6. Performing field management, performing primary topdressing before flowering after transplanting, mainly using nitrogen fertilizer, using 3-4 kg of water-soluble fertilizer per mu, preferably using 1% of water-soluble fertilizer, and performing topdressing on rhizosphere soil; topdressing for the second time after fruit setting of the capsicum annuum, mainly using water-soluble balanced fertilizer, and topdressing rhizosphere soil with the concentration of 2% -3% by using 4-6 kg per mu; and (4) dressing a third fertilizer after the peppers are picked to the sixth layer of fruits, wherein the type and the amount of the fertilizer used are the same as those used in the second time. The prevention and treatment of gray mold, root rot, aphid and thrips are emphasized in the early stage, and the prevention and treatment of epidemic disease, anthracnose, powdery mildew, oriental tobacco budworm, plutella xylostella and thrips are emphasized in the later stage. Timely irrigation is noticed in dry seasons, and timely drainage is noticed after rain in rainy seasons, so that waterlogging is strictly forbidden.

7. And (4) harvesting and selling, namely, continuously selling the hot peppers from the middle and last ten days of 6 months to the last 9 months, and selling the hot peppers from the green peppers to the red peppers according to market quotations. The market of the early green pepper is short of supply, the green pepper is mainly sold, and the price of the later green pepper is reduced, and the red pepper is mainly sold. The fresh pepper can be harvested about 2500 kg per mu, and the income per mu is more than 6000 yuan calculated according to the pepper wholesale price in recent years.

Second and later crop green vegetables (cabbage)

1. The variety selection is carried out according to local climate environment and consumption habit, such as green vegetable variety Qianqing No. 2, Chinese cabbage variety Qianbai No. 5 and Qianbai No. 10 bred by agricultural institute in Guizhou province. The direct seeding technology is adopted, the seed consumption per mu of green vegetables (Chinese cabbage) is 50-70 g, and the seed consumption per mu of seedling transplantation is 40-60 g.

2. And (3) treating the seeds, namely soaking the seeds in normal-temperature water for 3-5 hours before sowing to ensure that the seeds fully absorb water, and fishing out the seeds and then airing the seeds for sowing.

3. Sowing and transplanting, and sowing seeds in the last 9 months. After the peppers are harvested, the peppers are pulled out in time to complete the soil, and no pepper stump and weed are required to be generated; the method comprises the steps of directly sowing green vegetables (Chinese cabbages) in the original planting holes of the peppers, sowing 6-8 seeds in each hole, wherein the depth is 0.8-1 cm, and irrigating germination water in time after sowing to enable the seeds to be tightly combined with soil, so that the seeds can germinate conveniently. If the seedlings are transplanted, the seedlings are transplanted in time 20 days before the sowing date, and the rooting water is irrigated in time after the seedlings reach four leaves and one core.

4. Thinning and final singling, and timely thinning after direct seeding and seedling emergence. Thinning is completed in two times, the first time is carried out when two leaves and one heart, and 4-5 healthy and strong seedlings are reserved in each hole; and 2-3 healthy and strong seedlings are remained in each hole when four leaves and one heart are used for the second time. And when the seedlings grow to 5-6 leaves, selecting the most robust strain for final singling.

5. Field management, thinning and preventing insect damage in time after the emergence of seedlings of green vegetables (Chinese cabbages), mainly preventing and controlling aphids and tussahs in the early stage, and mainly preventing and controlling gray mold, downy mildew, cabbage caterpillars and noctuids in the later stage. Topdressing is carried out in time after final singling, 1% -2% of urea water soluble fertilizer is adopted for topdressing at the rhizosphere for the first time, and the dosage per mu is 3 kilograms; and (3) performing secondary topdressing at intervals of 25 days, and performing rhizosphere topdressing by adopting 2-3% of high-nitrogen ternary element water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer consumption per mu is 5 kilograms. Timely watering is needed when drought occurs, and proper calcium fertilizer is needed to be applied when the additional fertilizer is applied at the later stage of the celery cabbage to prevent the occurrence of dry heartburn.

6. And (4) harvesting and selling, namely selling the eggs before and after the New year's day in-3 last month according to market quotations. The yield per mu of the Chinese cabbage is 4500 kg, the yield per mu of the whole green vegetables is 4500 kg, the Chinese cabbage is sold according to the wholesale price in the market in recent years, and the income per mu is more than 4000 yuan.

In 2019, the Guizhou vegetable industry science and technology poverty alleviation '321' demonstration promotion project undertaken by the Guizhou agricultural institute pepper research institute in Guizhou province, 15 varieties of Guizhou vegetable industry, 15 varieties of Qianlong 618 and celery leafy vegetables are developed in Longheicun of south handling department in Pudingcounty, county of monkey, early-maturing six, early-maturing eight, Shandong four, light green chafing dish, sweet and crisp cabbage 65, Guanlongxia cabbage, No. 6 in North Cheng, Shunxi, Tianfeng Mayebai, No. six in Shandong, Qian Qing No. 2, Yuxing late cabbage, Qianbai No. 5; introduction and demonstration popularization of new vegetable varieties such as 8 Guizhou pepper No. 8, red spicy No. eight, chicken claw line pepper, spicy No. 201, spicy No. 301, Guizhou pepper No. 4 and Guizhou pepper No. 11. Meanwhile, the technical demonstration popularization of a pepper floating seedling raising technology, a pepper high-compartment double-row single-plant cultivation technology, a pepper pruning technology, a pepper fertilizer and water integrated point sprinkling irrigation technology, a pepper disease and pest green prevention and control technology and the like is developed. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of popularizing the floating seedling for 170 mu, popularizing the conventional seedling for 630 mu, popularizing the area for 700 mu, popularizing the green vegetables for 340 mu (220 mu in a monkey field and 120 mu in a Long Hei village base) in autumn and winter, and realizing 150 mu in flos Nelumbinis, wherein the acre yield of Qianbai No. 5 and Qianbai No. 2 reaches above 4500 kilograms, the acre yield value is above 4000 yuan, the acre yield value of the pepper reaches above 6000 yuan, and the acre yield value of the planting mode of leafy vegetables and pepper is above 10000 yuan. Meanwhile, agricultural technicians and farmers are trained for 450 people, the vegetable planting level of the farmers is improved, the vegetable planting income of the farmers is increased, the development of the vegetable industry in the general county is effectively promoted, and the social and economic benefits are obvious.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for harvesting two crops by crop rotation planting in one year is characterized by comprising the following steps:

secondly, performing land preparation before transplanting, applying decomposed organic fertilizer, ternary compound fertilizer and base fertilizer to each mu of land, deeply ploughing, finely harrowing and leveling, and covering by using a black mulching film or a silver/black double-sided film after ditching and raising a compartment;

fourthly, before sowing the next crop of the green vegetables or the Chinese cabbages, soaking the seeds in water at normal temperature, taking out the seeds, and then slightly drying the seeds for sowing; after the peppers are harvested, pulling out the plants and preparing the soil; directly sowing green vegetables or Chinese cabbages in the primary planting holes of the hot peppers; or transplanting green vegetables or Chinese cabbages during seedling culture;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first step comprises: the seeds are disinfected by a warm soup seed soaking method, the seeds are placed in a glass or metal container, warm water with the temperature of 55 ℃ is added while water is added for stirring, the stirring is carried out for 10 to 15 minutes until the water temperature is reduced to below 35 ℃, the seeds are continuously soaked for 8 to 12 hours, and the seeds are taken out and are slightly dried for seeding and seedling raising or are subjected to germination accelerating treatment at the temperature of 28 ℃.

3. The cultivation method for crop rotation planting and harvesting of two crops in one year as claimed in claim 1, wherein the floating seedling raising of the pepper in the first step is performed from 2 late to 3 early months, blue-green algae in the nutrient solution is treated by copper sulfate, the amount of the added copper sulfate into the nutrient solution is 30 mg/L, the seedling hardening treatment is performed 7-10 days before transplanting, and the seedling age reaches more than 45 days.

4. The cultivation method for crop rotation planting and harvesting of two crops in one year as claimed in claim 1, wherein 20 days before the second step of transplanting, land preparation is carried out, 3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer 2000-3000 kg, 50 kg of 15-15-15 ternary compound fertilizer and 10 kg of urea are applied to each mu of land as base fertilizer, deep ploughing, fine harrowing and leveling are carried out, 1.2 m of covering ditches are opened, the height of the ditches is 20-25 cm, the width of the ditches is 80 cm, and the width of the ditches is 40 cm.

5. The cultivation method for crop rotation planting and harvesting of two crops in one year according to claim 1, characterized in that the third step of transplanting is performed in 4-month middle ten days in rainy-free days, single-compartment double-row single plant cross planting is adopted for transplanting, the row spacing on the film is 50 cm, the plant spacing is 35-40 cm, and a wide-narrow row mode with a wide row spacing of 70 cm and a narrow row spacing of 50 cm is formed after transplanting; during transplanting, the pepper seedlings are planted deeply to be over cotyledonary nodes; and irrigating root fixing water in time after transplanting, adding a bactericide into the root fixing water, and adding the beta-fluthrin.

6. The cultivation method for crop rotation planting and harvesting of two crops in one year as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that after the third step of transplanting, once topdressing is carried out before flowering, mainly nitrogen fertilizer is used, 3-4 kg of water soluble fertilizer is used per mu, the concentration is 1%, and topdressing is carried out on rhizosphere soil; topdressing for the second time after fruit setting of the capsicum annuum, mainly using water-soluble balanced fertilizer, and topdressing rhizosphere soil with the concentration of 2% -3% by using 4-6 kg per mu; and (3) topdressing for the third time after the peppers are picked to the sixth layer of fruits, mainly using water-soluble balanced fertilizer, and topdressing rhizosphere soil with the concentration of 2% -3% by using 4-6 kilograms per mu.

7. The cultivation method for crop rotation planting and harvesting of two crops in one year as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fourth step is soaking the seeds in water at room temperature for 3-5 hours; seeding in time in the last 9 th ten days; directly sowing green vegetables or Chinese cabbages in the planting holes of the hot peppers, sowing 6-8 seeds in each hole with the depth of 0.8-1 cm, and irrigating the germination water in time after sowing; and (4) seedling raising and transplanting, wherein the seedling raising is carried out 20 days before the sowing date, the seedling is timely transplanted when the seedling reaches four leaves and one core, and root fixing water is timely irrigated after the seedling is transplanted.

8. The cultivation method for crop rotation planting and harvesting of two crops in one year as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fifth step is carried out thinning after seedling is directly broadcast, thinning is completed in two times, the first time is carried out when two leaves and one heart, and 4-5 healthy seedlings are left in each hole; keeping 2-3 healthy and strong seedlings in each acupoint when four leaves and one heart are used for the second time; and when the seedlings grow to 5-6 leaves, selecting the most robust strain for final singling.

9. The cultivation method for crop rotation planting and harvesting of two crops in one year as claimed in claim 1, wherein topdressing is performed in time after the sixth step of seedling setting, topdressing is performed on the rhizosphere by using 1% -2% of urea water soluble fertilizer for the first time, and the amount of the topdressing is 3 kg per mu; and (3) performing secondary topdressing at intervals of 25 days, and performing rhizosphere topdressing by adopting 2-3% of high-nitrogen ternary element water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer consumption per mu is 5 kilograms.

10. The cultivation method for harvesting two crops through crop rotation cultivation in one year as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sixth step is watering in a drought and applying calcium fertilizer to the Chinese cabbage in a later period.