CN103461049B - Protective cultivation technique for rice - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a protective cultivation technique for rice, which relates to a planting method for rice. The protective cultivation technique is carried out according to the following steps: preparation of seedling-growing nutrient soil, seed treatment, seeding quantity determination, seeding, management in a germinating stage, management in a first vertical-needle-shaped incomplete leaf growing stage, management in a weaning stage, management in a seedling stage, and management in a grown-up seedling stage; soil preparation; rice seedling transplanting; and management in a shallow water tiller enhancing stage, management in a tiller control stage, management in a booting stage, management in a flowering stage, management in a filling stage, management in a milk-ripe stage and management in a maturation stage. By virtue of the protective cultivation technique for rice provided by the invention, a short period is changed to a long period, and the rice cultivation growth period is 120 days; by virtue of the heat preservation function of the protective cultivation technique, the growth period reaches up to 150 days more, and a long period is changed to double periods; when the protective cultivation technique is used for planting rice in an area with the rice cultivation growth period longer than 150 days, spring rice is planted in advance in spring and the plantation of autumn rice is delayed in autumn so as to realize double cropping in one year, and consequently, the higher and higher yield of the rice is realized; natural disasters in agriculture can be avoided or reduced; meanwhile, the low temperature can be resisted, and the tiller is enhanced; the soil temperature is increased, and the root growth is enhanced; the temperature at night is preserved, the effective accumulative temperature is increased, the chilling damage is prevented, and therefore the heavy crops are realized in consecutive years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a kind of paddy rice, particularly a kind of paddy rice protection ground establishment planting technology.
Background technology
Paddy rice originates in Tropical Asian, after China widely plants, propagates into all over the world gradually.According to diverse ways, paddy rice can be divided into long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice.The grain of rice that paddy rice is tied claims rice or rice after shelling.Nearly half population, all take rice as food in the world.Paddy rice, except edible, can also be made wine, refine sugar and make the raw material of industry, and rice husk, rice straw also have a lot of use.But, along with the increase of population, the minimizing in arable land, saline Land, the inevitable crisis of the grain making occurs.Particularly the soil in the middle national expenditures whole world 7%, has supported global 20% population, but cost is to have consumed the nitrogenous fertilizer in the whole world 35% and the available water resource of 70% left and right.Producing cost is higher than two to three times of American-European countries.China's Per Unit Area Grain Yield does not almost have phenomenal growth, but it is nearly 40～50% that every mu of applying quantity of chemical fertilizer has but increased, 17～19 kilograms of the short-commons of per kilogram chemical fertilizer production, and this production efficiency declines with the speed of annual 1 kilogram.Chemical fertilizer growth is reduced to 8～10% left and right to the contribution rate of increases in grain production.
Expert infers that the year two thousand fifty world population will reach about 85～9,000,000,000, increase by 30%, and the mankind's cultivated land resource also can constantly reduce.Astronomer is revealed unusual decline sign according to Solar watch: sunspot reduces, and solar wind weakens, and spectrum is not normal.Inferring that the earth may enter a new algid stage, in fact some high latitude area such as Britain have in the past few years met with the extremely winter of severe cold.The celestial movement cycle on agricultural impact greatly.As 1645～1715 years, be referred to as " Maunder minimum ".This interval sunspot almost disappeares, solar wind decay, and spectrum is not normal, and glacier attacks that European mountain valley, farmland are in poor harvest, famine stalked during this period of time, thousands of people starve.That period of China is in the late Qing Dynasty, and drought has continued 70 years unexpectedly.As can be seen here, the negative effect that arctic weather brings to agricultural directly affects the mankind's existence problem.Cold district rice cropping, maximum natural calamity is chilling injury.With early spring chilling injury common, cause paddy rice retardance growth, cause the paddy rice can not normal mature.In the time of chilling injury, the obstacle that Rice Flowering season often occurs simultaneously damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.So the kind breeding time of paddy rice and the accumulated temperature of cultivation have substantial connection, this is that conventional rice is cultivated mandatory rule.Whole world population growth, crisis in food is inevitable.The mankind will survive and just must find the new way producing more food.Cold district paddy rice protection ground facility cultivation is to realize paddy rice high yield again, the new way of stable yields.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides and a kind ofly can make the chilling injury of resisting of paddy rice, promote effective tiller, reduce the paddy rice protection ground establishment planting technology of growth cycle.
Cold district refers to that physioclimate makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, and the winter is long, and the summer is short.Effective accumulated temperature is below 4500 ℃ throughout the year, and frost-free season, below 150 days, January minimum air temperature temperature was below～10 ℃; Two refer to 1 year ripe cultivation area of crops, 130～140 days breeding times of rice safety.1200～1600 hours sunshine of growing period, 400～800 millimeters of precipitation.In rice cropping process, be subject to the area of chilling injury.
Paddy rice protection of the present invention ground establishment planting technology is to carry out according to following steps:
(1) grow seedlings
The preparation of a, seedling nutritious soil: select beneath 1～1.5 meter of dark black earth of pigsty excrement, screen out impurity standby, with the EM bacterium liquid of 1 weight portion, the chicken manure of the black earth of 300～600 weight portions and 80～150 weight portions is fermented, ferment 10～50 days;
B, seed treatment and seeding quantity are determined: seed is placed in to airing under sunlight, moisture is reached below 15%, and selection by winnowing seed, screen out impurity, then by 300～500 times of seed soaking of EM bacterium liquid for seed, soak 5～7 days, then drench solid carbon dioxide divide, standby;
C, sowing: the seedling nutritious soil preparing is placed on seedling bed, according to seedling Honda, determines and grow seedlings after ratio, on seedling bed, build canopy chamber;
D, bud period management: after planting 1～7 day is germination period, keep seedbed soil moisture to be not less than 80%, and canopy temperature is 25～35 degrees Celsius;
E, vertical pin phase: within after planting 8～14 days, be the vertical pin phase, fill with and put after a deep water dryly, seedling bed earth is mud shape, 20～30 ℃ of temperature of shed;
F, age at weaning: after planting 15～21 days is age at weaning, and temperature is controlled at 15～28 ℃, pour water in seedling growth greenhouse, and bed surface is set up 1 cun of water layer;
G, Seedling Stage: after planting 22～28 days is Seedling Stage, seedbed keeps 1～2 cun of water layer, and temperature is controlled at 15～25 ℃ and starts to open the ventilation of canopy film, and ascending, ventilate to daytime, night insulation;
H, become seedling stage: within after planting 29～35 days, be into seedling stage, 15～28 ℃ of temperature, bed surface water control is dry, and little shed is taken off film; Intercutting first 3 days seedbed water puts dry;
(2) whole ground: first to wanting the soil of farming to apply fertilizer, fertilizer is scattered on the soil of farming uniformly wanting; Secondly before rice transplanting, to wanting the soil of farming to carry out soaked field, urge grass 10～15 days time, again rice transplanting in the time of first 2 days to wanting the soil of farming to rake the soil level; After raking the soil level, on seedling Honda, build booth, 8～10 meters of spans, canopy is high 2～3 meters;
(3) rice transplanting: in rice transplanting first 2 days, rice shoot is sprayed to EM insecticide, rice shoot is transplanted for medicine, rice shoot every cave 2～4 strains, density 30 ㎝ * 10 ㎝; After rice transplanting, shallow irrigation;
(4) field management:
A, short evil phase of shallow water: water irrigating depth is 1/5 of rice shoot height, and rice shoot is sprayed to EM bacteria pesticide 2 times;
B, control evil phase: when rice shoot is green seedling, water irrigating depth is 10～12 centimetres, and when rice shoot is blackish green seedling, draining dry field is 5～7 days;
C, booting stage: Rice Flowering temperature in booting stage is during lower than 17 ℃, more than keeping water layer 15cm;
D, flowering stage: keep the temperature of paddy rice lower than 17 ℃, not keep water layer 10 ㎝;
E, pustulation period: keep water layer between 5～7 ㎝, remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe field, dry field 5～7 days;
F, milk ripe stage: field water layer falls dry naturally;
G, maturing stage: use machinery or manually gather in.
(5) fertilizing and weeding: harvested seedling Honda is applied to EM biological organic fertilizer, 1000～4000 kilograms, cultivate rice field.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described canopy chamber covers little shed, autumn in early spring and covers little shed, plastic covering booth throughout the year.
As a further improvement on the present invention, each described step all completes canopy is indoor.
The truth of China is labor productivity stagnation, and resource consumption overdraw approaches the limit.And implement the ground cultivation of cold district paddy rice protection facility: " one season kipeming high yield, improve polished rice output; " realize fine quality rice new rice listing in August, meet the need of market, increase economic benefit.The ground experiment in cultivation of cold district paddy rice protection facility shows, than open country volume increase more than 50%, the highlyest increases production 150%.At cold district, implement paddy rice protection ground facility cultivation.Its increases in grain production amount and economic benefit cannot be estimated.
Paddy rice of the present invention protection ground establishment planting technology makes long season of short season crack, and 120 days breeding times of rice cropping, the insulation effect by protection ground facility reaches more than 150 days, can cultivate late-maturing high yielding variety, reaches the object of rice high yield; In two seasons of long season crack, rice cropping above area 150 days breeding times, adopts paddy rice protection ground facility cultivation, reach the spring to cultivate in advance spring rice, the delayed culture in autumn autumn rice, realize the cultivation of yielding two crops a year, obtain rice high yield high yield again; Solve resource constraint; Solve the needs that labor productivity constantly declines; Make full use of industrialization scientific and technological achievement, can stop or reduce Natural Disasters of Agricultural risk; The present invention simultaneously resists low temperature, promotes effective tiller; Improve ground temperature, promote root growth; Protect storage temperature at night, increase effective accumulated temperature, effectively resist chilling injury, realize the good year year after year, larger for the meaning of increases in grain production.And paddy rice protection of the present invention ground establishment planting technology does not destroy farmland topography and geomorphology, inserts farmland immobilizing foundation; Quick for installation stable, to remove lightly rapidly, construction costs is low, is suitable for.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Paddy rice protection of the present invention ground establishment planting technology is to carry out according to following steps:
(1) grow seedlings
The preparation of a, seedling nutritious soil: select beneath 1～1.5 meter of dark black earth of pigsty excrement, screen out impurity standby, with the EM bacterium liquid of 1 weight portion, the chicken manure of the black earth of 300～600 weight portions and 80～150 weight portions is fermented, ferment 10～50 days;
B, seed treatment: seed is placed in to airing under sunlight, moisture content is reached below 15%, and selection by winnowing seed, screen out impurity, then by 300～500 times of seed soaking of EM bacterium liquid for seed, soak 5～7 days, then drench solid carbon dioxide part, standby;
C, sowing: the seedling nutritious soil preparing is placed on seedling bed, according to seedling Honda, determines and grow seedlings after ratio, on seedling bed, build canopy chamber;
D, bud period management: after planting 1～7 day is germination period, keep seedbed soil moisture to be not less than 80%, and canopy temperature is 25～35 ℃, is beneficial to rice seed germination;
E, vertical pin phase: within after planting 8～14 days, be the vertical pin phase, fill with and put after a deep water dryly, seedling bed earth is mud shape, 20～30 ℃ of temperature of shed;
F, age at weaning: after planting 15～21 days is age at weaning, and temperature is controlled at 15～28 ℃, pour water in seedling growth greenhouse, and bed surface is set up 1 cun of water layer;
G, Seedling Stage: after planting 22～28 days is Seedling Stage, seedbed keeps 1～2 cun of water layer, and temperature is controlled at 15～25 ℃ and starts to open the ventilation of canopy film, and ascending, ventilate to daytime, night insulation;
H, become seedling stage: within after planting 29～35 days, be into seedling stage, 15～28 ℃ of temperature, bed surface water control is dry, and little shed is taken off film; Intercutting first 3 days seedbed water puts dry;
(2) whole ground: first to wanting the soil of farming to apply fertilizer, fertilizer is scattered on the soil of farming uniformly wanting; Secondly before rice transplanting, to wanting the soil of farming to carry out soaked field, urge grass 10～15 days time, again rice transplanting in the time of first 2 days to wanting the soil of farming to rake the soil level; After raking the soil level, on seedling Honda, build booth, 8～10 meters of spans, canopy is high 2～3 meters;
(3) rice transplanting: in rice transplanting first 2 days, rice shoot is sprayed to EM insecticide, rice shoot is transplanted for medicine, rice shoot every cave 2～4 strains, density 30 ㎝ * 10 ㎝; After rice transplanting, shallow irrigation;
(4) field management: pour water and be divided into a plurality of stages in field:
A, short evil phase of shallow water: water irrigating depth is 1/5 of rice shoot height, and rice shoot is sprayed to EM bacteria pesticide 2 times;
B, control evil phase: when rice shoot is green seedling, water irrigating depth is 10～12 centimetres, and when rice shoot is blackish green seedling, draining dry field is 5～7 days;
C, booting stage: Rice Flowering temperature in booting stage is during lower than 17 ℃, more than keeping water layer 15cm;
D, flowering stage: keep the temperature of paddy rice lower than 17 ℃, not keep water layer 10 ㎝;
E, pustulation period: keep water layer between 5～7 ㎝, remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe field, dry field 5～7 days;
F, milk ripe stage: field water layer falls dry naturally;
G, maturing stage: use machinery or manually gather in;
(5) fertilizing and weeding: harvested seedling Honda is applied to EM biological organic fertilizer, 1000～4000 kilograms, cultivate rice field.
Embodiment 2
Paddy rice protection of the present invention ground establishment planting technology, after referring to rice transplanting to described protection or before rice transplanting, covers and covers little shed in little shed and autumn early spring; Long-term plastic covering booth; Permanent beam-connected greenhouse; Bo Hou ground, live field covers nonwoven; The Bo Hou ground plastic mulching of live field; Greenhouse by solar heat; The protection such as attached-greenhouse ground facility, carries out rice cropping.
Culture facility, plastic tunnel, little shed all can.With the plastic tunnel the best of growing seedlings, following principle is followed in its construction: the one,, do not destroy farmland topography and geomorphology, the 2nd, do not insert farmland immobilizing foundation; The 3rd,, quick for installation stable, remove light rapidly.The 4th, construction costs is low, applicable.Paddy rice protection ground cultivating facility construction, beam-connected greenhouse construction scheme.It is to determine according to plot, paddy field that beam-connected greenhouse is built specification.8～10 meters of general spans.Canopy is high 2～3 meters.Long 50～70 meters of canopy, suitable high yielding culture of rice, the annual canopy film that covers.
One, paddy seedling culture method:
1, the basis of paddy rice organic raising seedling is seedling nutritious soil preparation:
1. preferably peasant respectively raises on a household basis 1～1.5 meter of dark soil under the pigsty excrement of pig.Screen out impurity, can use.
2. prepare Nutrition Soil, 1 part of the chicken manure fermenting with EM liquid, adds 5 parts of black earth, the use in 2 months of fermenting; During the fermentation, harmful substance is degraded, and the grass-seed in black earth germinates, and therefore grows seedlings without spraying herbicide.
2, seed treatment and seeding quantity are determined, first seed are dried, and then use EM liquid 1:300 times of (weight multiple) immersion kind 5～7 days, can sow (without vernalization).Seeding quantity is determined, 20000 per jin of seed rice, and bud ratio 80% calculates, and it is 1 jin that seedling-field rate example is calculated ， ㎡ seeding quantity by 1:100.1.5 jin of 1:150 Ji Suan ㎡ seeding quantitys.Thickness of sowing detection method, presses with finger tripe, and by 1, seeding quantity is 0.5 Jin/㎡; By 2 seeding quantitys, be 1 Jin/㎡; By 3 seeding quantitys, be 1.5 Jin/㎡.Every square metre of seedling 10000 strains, (every square centimeter of 1 strain).Honda rice transplanting every cave rice transplanting 3～4 strains, 1 square metre of rice shoot, can rice transplanting 100 ㎡.
3, organic paddy rice is grown seedlings and is not executed chemical fertilizer, does not play weed killer herbicide, not acid adjustment.Major technique is to manage by Rice Physiological characteristic, specific as follows:
(1) main: 20～35 ℃ of temperature.After planting 1～7 day is germination period, keeps bed soil moisture 80%.Improve 25～35 degrees Celsius of canopy temperature, be beneficial to rice seed germination.As fruit bud phase low temp. bed soil overdrying, easily there is bud phase damping off, rice blastogenesis white pili, bent bud, rotten bud;
(2) wet pipe: 20～30 ℃ of temperature.Within after planting 8～14 days, be the vertical pin phase, keep bed soil moisture bed soil mud shape.20～30 degrees Celsius of canopy temperature, are beneficial to rice seedlings and take root.If low temp. bed soil overdrying, vertical pin phase rot easily occurs, rice seedling root joint browning look rots.
(3) water pipe; 15～28 ℃ of temperature.After planting 15～21 days is age at weaning, keeps 1 cun of bed surface water layer.Improve 15～28 degrees Celsius of canopy temperature, be beneficial to rice seedlings growth.Age at weaning forbid high temperature, flood, topdress.Age at weaning is the multiple phase of damping off, the diseases prevention of pouring water.
(4) airduct: 17～28 ℃ of temperature.After planting 22～28 days, keep 1～2 cun of water layer.Canopy temperature is below 25 degrees Celsius.Ventilation hardening.(note! Low temp. bed soil overdrying, damping off is serious.Booth ventilates round the clock, with water seedling-protection.The too high easy generation bacterial wilt of nitrogenous fertilizer.）
(5) take off film: 15～28 ℃ of temperature.Within after planting 29～35 days, be into seedling stage, keep the native mud shape of bed.Raise seedling in greenhouse, ventilates greatly, and little shed is thrown off plastic foil.Improve the quality of seedlings.Root is many, seedling is yellow.Make rice shoot be in the shape of hungering and thirst, under Huang Miao, young crops returns seedling.Intercutting first 3 days seedbed water puts dry.
Two, whole ground: first to wanting the soil of farming to apply fertilizer, fertilizer is scattered on the soil of farming uniformly wanting; Secondly before rice transplanting, to wanting the soil of farming to carry out soaked field, urge grass 10～15 days time, again rice transplanting in the time of first 2 days to wanting the soil of farming to rake the soil level; After raking the soil level, on seedling Honda, build booth, 8～10 meters of spans, canopy is high 2～3 meters;
Three, rice transplanting: in rice transplanting first 2 days, rice shoot is sprayed to EM insecticide, rice shoot is transplanted for medicine, rice shoot every cave 2～4 strains, density 30 ㎝ * 10 ㎝; After rice transplanting, shallow irrigation,
Four, field management: pour water and be divided into a plurality of stages in field:
A, short evil phase of shallow water: water irrigating depth is 1/5 of rice shoot height, and rice shoot is sprayed to EM bacteria pesticide 2 times;
B, control evil phase: when rice shoot is green seedling, water irrigating depth is 10～12 centimetres, and when rice shoot is blackish green seedling, draining dry field is 5～7 days;
C, booting stage: Rice Flowering temperature in booting stage is during lower than 17 ℃, more than keeping water layer 15cm;
D, flowering stage: keep the temperature of paddy rice lower than 17 ℃, not keep water layer 10 ㎝;
E, pustulation period: keep water layer between 5～7 ㎝, remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe field, dry field 5～7 days;
F, milk ripe stage: field water layer falls dry naturally;
G, maturing stage: use machinery or manually gather in.
Five, fertilizing and weeding: harvested seedling Honda is applied to EM biological organic fertilizer, 1000～4000 kilograms, cultivate rice field.EM biological organic fertilizer is by poultry manure, to send out this ferment to make.At present, poultry (ox, sheep, horse, pig) poultry manure also contains a large amount of harmful substances, must, through microbial bacteria fermentation (weight ratio of EM bacterium liquid and farmyard manure is 1:200～600), could use.After feces of livestock and poultry adopts the fermentation of EM bacterium, every mu of rice field applies 4000 kilograms of microorganism organic fertilizers.Time of application is to have cut after paddy rice, and (EM) microbial organic fertilizer is executed in people rice field and scattered.Because EM bacterium has breaking dormancy function, rice field grass-seed germinates or emerges, and enters winter, and grass, bud are freezed to death, and play herbicide action.
Paddy rice protection of the present invention ground establishment planting technology, using sufficient under the organic base manure condition of microorganism, does not generally topdress.As found fertilizer deficiency after rice transplanting, can impose EM bacterium fermentation poultry dung, mu is executed people and is measured 200-300 kilograms, is no more than at most 500 kilograms.
Paddy rice protection of the present invention ground establishment planting technology, control crop smothering has two kinds of methods.
The one, EM bacterium fermentation fertilizer, utilizes canopy chamber high temperature, after autumn harvest, executes people rice field, and EM bacterium is broken grass-seed resting stage, germinates or emerges, and in winter, freezes to death.The weeds that Second Year germinates or goes out spring, disposable weed eradication when preparing soil in rice field.
The 2nd, on the basis of EM fertilizer weeding, carry out the capable rice transplanting of large row spacing, adopt weeding by machine, coordinate artificial weeding.
North cold area, it is relatively southern less that rice cropping damage by disease and insect occurs, and endangering larger is rice blast, and nursery stage damping off, generally adopts the method for cultural control, biological control and physical control to prevent and treat.
Embodiment 3
Paddy rice protection of the present invention ground establishment planting technology, represents respectively to grow seedlings and planting time, process and operating condition with form:
One, paddy rice protection ground establishment planting technology seedling growing process method of operating:
Culture facility: plastic tunnel, little shed all can, with the plastic tunnel the best of growing seedlings.
Two, paddy rice protection ground establishment planting technology Honda technology operation method:
Paddy rice protection of the present invention ground establishment planting technology, has the low temperature of resisting, and promotes effective tiller; Improve ground temperature, promote root growth; Protect storage temperature at night, increase effective accumulated temperature effect.Utilize this technology " at cold district, implement Honda diversification protection ground facility cultivation, (and plastic tunnel, plastics hut, beam-connected greenhouse) effectively resist chilling injury in early spring, realize the good year year after year.Utilize this technology, adopt precocious paddy rice improved seeds, implement early rice greenhouse by solar heat and grow seedlings March, rice transplanting in April, gather in the crops July.Late rice is grown seedlings June.Rice transplanting in July, late fall plastic covering canopy film, October results.Two season cultivation, improves soil cropping index, realizes protection ground and plants rice, long season of short season crack, long two seasons of season crack, the two very heavy objects of per mu yield.Implement the whole ground of drought, direct-sowing dry, drip irrigation cultivation, nonirrigated farmland kind rice.
Claims (2)
1. paddy rice is protected ground facility cultivation method, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following steps:
(1) grow seedlings:
The preparation of a, seedling nutritious soil: select beneath 1～1.5 meter of dark black earth of pigsty excrement, screen out impurity standby, with the EM bacterium liquid of 1 weight portion, the chicken manure of the black earth of 300～600 weight portions and 80～150 weight portions is fermented, ferment 10～50 days;
B, seed treatment and seeding quantity are determined: seed is placed in to airing under sunlight, moisture is reached below 15%, and selection by winnowing seed, screen out impurity, then by 300～500 times of seed soaking of EM bacterium liquid for seed, soak 5～7 days, then drench solid carbon dioxide divide, standby;
C, sowing: the seedling nutritious soil preparing is placed on seedling bed, according to seedling Honda, determines and grow seedlings after ratio, on seedling bed, build canopy chamber;
D, bud period management: after planting 1～7 day is germination period, keep seedbed soil moisture to be not less than 80%, and canopy temperature is 25～35 ℃;
E, vertical pin phase: within after planting 8～14 days, be the vertical pin phase, fill with and put after a deep water dryly, seedling bed earth is mud shape, 20～30 ℃ of temperature of shed;
F, age at weaning: after planting 15～21 days is age at weaning, and temperature is controlled at 15～28 ℃, pour water in seedling growth greenhouse, and bed surface is set up 1 cun of water layer;
G, Seedling Stage: after planting 22～28 days is Seedling Stage, seedbed keeps 1～2 cun of water layer, and temperature is controlled at 15～25 ℃ and starts to open the ventilation of canopy film, and ascending, ventilate to daytime, night insulation;
H, become seedling stage: within after planting 29～35 days, be into seedling stage, temperature 15-28 ℃, bed surface water control is dry, and little shed is taken off film; Intercutting first 3 days seedbed water puts dry;
(2) whole ground: first to wanting the soil of farming to apply fertilizer, fertilizer is scattered on the soil of farming uniformly wanting; Secondly before rice transplanting, to wanting the soil of farming to carry out soaked field, urge grass 10～15 days time, again rice transplanting in the time of first 2 days to wanting the soil of farming to rake the soil level; After raking the soil level, on seedling Honda, build booth, 8～10 meters of spans, canopy is high 2～3 meters;
(3) rice transplanting: in rice transplanting first 2 days, rice shoot is sprayed to EM insecticide, rice shoot band medicine is transplanted, rice shoot every cave 2～4 strains, density 30 ㎝ * 10 ㎝; After rice transplanting, shallow irrigation;
(4) field management:
A, short evil phase of shallow water: water irrigating depth is 1/5 of rice shoot height, and rice shoot is sprayed to EM bacteria pesticide 2 times;
B, control evil phase: when rice shoot is green seedling, water irrigating depth is 10～12 centimetres, and when rice shoot is blackish green seedling, draining dry field is 5～7 days;
C, booting stage: Rice Flowering temperature in booting stage is during lower than 17 ℃, more than keeping water layer 15cm;
D, flowering stage: keep the temperature of paddy rice lower than 17 ℃, not keep water layer 10 ㎝;
E, pustulation period: keep water layer between 5～7 ㎝, remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe field, dry field 5～7 days;
F, milk ripe stage: field water layer falls dry naturally;
G, maturing stage: use machinery or manually gather in;
(5) fertilizing and weeding: harvested seedling Honda is applied to EM biological organic fertilizer, 1000～4000 kgs/acre, cultivate rice field.
2. paddy rice according to claim 1 protection ground facility cultivation method, is characterized in that described canopy chamber covers little shed, autumn in early spring and covers little shed, plastic covering booth throughout the year.
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