CN1190530A - Method for cultivating rice in cold region soda saline soil - Google Patents

Method for cultivating rice in cold region soda saline soil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1190530A
CN1190530A CN98113804A CN98113804A CN1190530A CN 1190530 A CN1190530 A CN 1190530A CN 98113804 A CN98113804 A CN 98113804A CN 98113804 A CN98113804 A CN 98113804A CN 1190530 A CN1190530 A CN 1190530A
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rice
water
days
seedling
temperature
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CN98113804A
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徐杰
谷志和
汪守信
王宇平
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RECLAMATION ADMINISTRATION QIA
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RECLAMATION ADMINISTRATION QIA
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating rice in soda saline soil in cold areas, which comprises the steps of establishing a rice straw covering bed in autumn, covering a seedling growing land with rice straw lattice wikstrom or rice straw, ensuring that the seedling growing land is not frozen or frozen shallowly in winter, ensuring that the bed is completely dissolved in seedling growing in the second year, adopting a large and medium shed pot tray seedling early-growing and thin-sowing seedling growing mode, and carrying out early-transplanting, seedling stage management and field management measures. The rice planting method of the invention advances the seedling raising and transplanting time by 20 days and 10 days respectively compared with the same latitude area in the world, prolongs the growth period by about 10 days, and enables the area to plant high-yield and high-quality middle-late-maturing and late-maturing rice varieties.

Description

Method for cultivating paddy rice on soda salinized soil of cold area
The present invention relates to rice cultivating technique, is a kind of method for cultivating paddy rice on soda salinized soil of cold area furtherly, belongs to the proportion of crop planting technical field.
The cold rice workspace in the north, saline land rice cultivation particularly, owing to be subjected to chilling injury in spring, autumn early frost, breeding time is short, effective accumulated temperature is few influence, make seedling raise period late (grow seedlings on April-28 on the 15th) partially, rice transplanting lags behind (17-June 5 May), and seedling blight, pythium rot large tracts of land take place, the phenomenon of freeze seedling, ruining seedling often takes place, bringing a lot of difficulties, output to paddy rice production is low and unstable all the time, (7457 kilograms/hectare of 1989-1991 annuals).
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to disclose a kind of method for cultivating paddy rice on soda salinized soil of cold area, overcomes influence cold coldly because of sky, the north, that soil alkaline heavily produces the paddy rice plantation, realizes stable high yield.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following solution:
1, set up autumn straw lid and put bed: (before November 10) is when temperature is reduced to 0 ℃ in autumn, will be with growing seedlings with in straw lattice firewood (thick more than 0.5 meter or the straw thick 1.5 meters) covering, guarantee to grow seedlings ground do not freeze winter or freeze shallow, put wholeization of bed when guaranteeing to grow seedlings in 1 year and lead to.
2, the big-and-middle canopy alms bowl dish light seeding kind of early growing seedlings: set up the big-and-middle canopy of bamboo-wood structure in the place that lid is put bed when growing seedlings, prepare alms bowl dish soil by following weight ratio: dry ground: muck: sulphur ammonium: two ammoniums: potassium sulphate: zinc sulphate: fenaminosulf=950: 50: 2.5: 1.1: 1.0: 0.1: 0.125, puddle evenly, PH transfers 3.8-4.2, shattering 2-3 in the every hole of alms bowl dish, March 15 the button canopy, (13.5 ℃ of canopy temperature/average began to grow seedlings at March 23,15.8 ℃ of bed surface temperature, temperature is 15.5 ℃ on the bed).
3, rice transplanting early: since May 4,13.5 ℃ of temperature/average, the rice shoot of rice transplanting morning is tillered many, robust growth, well developed root system, big panicle many grains per panicle.
Good effect of the present invention is: set up autumn straw lid and put bed, the ground of growing seedlings is not freezed winter or freeze very shallow, put bed wholeization when growing seedlings and lead to, bed surface 322.1 ℃ of the active temperatures that get more, down 423 ℃ of active temperatures, 231 ℃ of the effective accumulated temperature of getting of 174 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature, dish more.Improve canopy temperature, ground temperature, defence chilling injury, and the obstructed slurry of soil, can ooze down when watering, play with water and drench ground, with the water regulating the qi flowing in the channels, increase foster effect with water, ahead of time seedling-cultivating reaches 20 days, has stopped the generation of damping off.Early grow seedlings light seeding kind and early insert kind of big-and-middle canopy alms bowl dish can be cultivated above the average age for marriage strong sprout, do not fall ill, not excessive growth of rice shoot, tiller many, do not fall ill.Utilize the inventive method rice cultivation, grow seedlings and transplanting time 20 days and 10 days in advance respectively than same latitude area in the world, prolong about 10 days breeding times, make this area can plant output height, high-quality in late-maturing and late-maturing rice varieties, per hectare can be saved kind of a rice cost 500-700 unit, rice yield is up to 12500 kilograms/hectare at 10000 kilograms/hectare.
As follows below in conjunction with embodiment to enumeration of the present invention:
1,1 year grow seedlings on the ground with 0.5 meter covering of firewood of rice on, widely around during covering go out to grow seedlings ground more than 1 meter, the cover time is November 10, temperature is 0 ℃.
2, select the rice varieties of 140 days-145 days breeding time, take off awns through basking seeds, medicine carries out presprouting of seeds after soaking sterilization, the broken chest of 90% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally and is advisable, and waits to sow after kind of the cooling of drying in the air.
3, set up the bamboo-wood structure booth March 15 (temperature be-1.4 ℃/average), press the column weight amount than preparing alms bowl dish soil: dry ground: muck: sulphur ammonium: two ammoniums: potassium sulphate: zinc sulphate: fenaminosulf=950: 50: 2.5: 1.1: 1.0: 0.1: 0.125, puddling even and transferring PH is 4.0, pack in the alms bowl dish, every disc area is 30 * 60cm 2, totally 361 holes, every hole shattering 2-3, March 23, (13.5 ℃ of canopy temperature/average, 15.8 ℃ of bed soil temperatures/average) was sowing time.
4, rice transplanting ahead of time: be transplanting date from May 4 (temperature be 13.5 ℃/average).
5, seedling management: water the water of revealing the exact details before broadcasting, broadcast back covering film water conservation, along with seedling growth increases the pouring number of times gradually, watering time is morning, must guard against broad irrigation; Adhere to the hardening of ventilating, control excessive growth, the back temperature of shed of emerging keeps 23-25 ℃, can take off the film Fully ventilation greatly more than three leaves, and during two leaves and first three sky of rice transplanting respectively topdresses once each sulphur ammonium 30g/m 2, convert water 30kg, before watering, spray and water, dash with clear water then and water one time.
6, Honda management: prepare enough nitrogen (N) 155kg, phosphorus (P by the per hectare soil 2O 5) 75kg, potassium (K 2O) 90kg, zinc sulphate 22kg does base manure to 75kg phosphate fertilizer, 22kg zinc sulphate and potash fertilizer 70%, nitrogenous fertilizer 30%, once applies; The tillering fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer 20% being done to turn green after rice transplanting 3-5 days applies; June-25 days on the 20th potash fertilizer 30%, nitrogenous fertilizer 25% mends and executes; Fringe granulated fertilizer divides secondary to use, execute 10% of nitrogen before and after July 10, executed 10% of nitrogen again on July 25,5% remaining nitrogenous fertilizer was used as granulated fertilizer-10 days on the 5th August, carry out water-saving irrigation and dry field, keep shallow water not reveal mud to late tillering state after rice transplanting, deep water only cun, tiller in order to heating, late tillering state tiller number reach 450-550 strain/m 2The time dry field 7-8 days, hair check appears in ground, bears new root, till lifting on the blade, pours water, applies fertilizer, facilitates big fringe then.Ear to ripening period, adopt the intermittent irrigation method, blooming stage is set up the profundal zone of 40cm, and the pustulation period is based on wet, irritating a water falls dried naturally, irritate next time, ripening stage, irritates a water and fell to doing 1-2 days based on dried again, pour water again, increase soil permeability, improve the root system vigor, be beneficial to and cross seed.
The high stubble harvesting of toothing 10-12cm when 7, ceding territory, below the autumn turns over, spring-time harrow all is anchored to rice stubble, vegetable soil, sterilizing pesticide increases permeability.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of method for cultivating paddy rice on soda salinized soil of cold area is characterized in that:
A, set up autumn straw lid and put bed: when temperature is reduced to 0 ℃ before November 10 in autumn, will be thick with straw lattice firewood 0.5m with growing seedlings, in the thick covering of straw 1.5m, want wide around during covering and go out to grow seedlings more than the ground 1m;
B, the big-and-middle canopy alms bowl dish light seeding kind of early growing seedlings: the big-and-middle canopy of bamboo-wood structure is set up in the place of putting bed at lid, by following weight ratio preparation alms bowl dish soil, dry ground: muck: sulphur ammonium: two ammoniums: potassium sulphate: zinc sulphate: fenaminosulf=950: 50: 2.5: 1.1: 1.0: 0.1: 0.125, puddle evenly, pH value is transferred to 3.8-4.2, shattering 2-3 in the every hole of alms bowl dish, March 15, temperature-1.4 ℃/on average detain canopy, March 23 began to grow seedlings, 13.5 ℃ of canopy temperature/average, 15.8 ℃ of bed surface temperature/average, 15.5 ℃ of temperature on the bed/on average;
C, rice transplanting early: from Mays 4 daily temperature to reach 13.5 ℃/mean time be transplanting date.
2, cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
A, select the rice varieties of 140 days-145 days breeding time, take off awns through basking seeds, medicine carries out presprouting of seeds after soaking sterilization, the broken chest of 90% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally and is advisable, and waits to sow after kind of the cooling of drying in the air;
B, seedling management: water the water of revealing the exact details before the sowing, covering film water conservation after planting, along with seedling growth increases the pouring number of times gradually, watering time is morning, adhere to the hardening of ventilating, the back temperature of shed of emerging keeps 23-25 ℃, can take off the film Fully ventilation greatly more than three leaves, during two leaves and first three sky of rice transplanting respectively topdresses once each sulphur ammonium 30g/m 2, convert water 30kg.
3, cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
A, by per hectare soil fertilizing nitrogen (N) 155kg, phosphorus (P 2O 5) 75kg, potassium (K 2O) 90kg, zinc sulphate 22kg do base manure to 75kg phosphate fertilizer, 22kg zinc sulphate and potash fertilizer 70%, nitrogenous fertilizer 30%, once apply; June-25 days on the 20th potash fertilizer 30%, nitrogenous fertilizer 25% mends and executes; 20% of nitrogenous fertilizer divides July 10 and July 25 to apply for twice; 5% of remaining nitrogenous fertilizer was used as granulated fertilizer-10 days on the 5th August;
B, keep the rice field shallow water not reveal mud in rice transplanting to late tillering state, deep water only cun, tiller number reaches 450-550 strain/m 2The time dry field 7-8 days, hair check appears in ground, bears new root, till lifting on the blade;
C, ear to ripening period: blooming stage is set up the water layer of 30-40cm, and the pustulation period is based on wet, irritates water fall naturally dried, again filling next time, ripening stage is based on dried, irritates a water and falls to doing and poured water in 1-2 days again;
D, toothing 10-12cm height when ceding territory are below the autumn turns over, spring-time harrow all is anchored to rice stubble.
CN98113804A 1998-03-02 1998-03-02 Method for cultivating rice in cold region soda saline soil Pending CN1190530A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102487770A (en) * 2011-12-13 2012-06-13 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Rice ridge culture salt-avoiding water-saving planting method of severe soda saline-alkali soil
CN102550350A (en) * 2012-01-09 2012-07-11 肖美 High saline-alkali soil biological treatment method
CN103125237A (en) * 2012-12-24 2013-06-05 吉林省农业科学院 Three-increasing comprehensive planting method of recarburization, oxygenation and resistance-increasing of soda saline-alkaline paddy rice
CN103444297A (en) * 2013-08-28 2013-12-18 天津市原种场 Method for improving soil of saline-alkaline rice field by mechanical formula fertilization
CN103461049A (en) * 2013-10-14 2013-12-25 吴海涛 Protective cultivation technique for rice
CN104956974A (en) * 2015-07-06 2015-10-07 青岛袁策生物科技有限公司 High-yield planting method for super hybrid indica type rice in high-latitude saline-alkali soil
CN106489394A (en) * 2016-10-08 2017-03-15 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 A kind of method of soda alkaline land rice on honda fertilising
CN108934855A (en) * 2018-08-09 2018-12-07 马鞍山市香泉湖米业有限公司 A kind of chrome-enriched rice cultivation implantation methods
CN109906898A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-06-21 朱孔志 Suitable for salination middle-and-low-yielding fields rice cultivating superior high-yield method

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102487770B (en) * 2011-12-13 2013-09-18 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Rice ridge culture salt-avoiding water-saving planting method of severe soda saline-alkali soil
CN102487770A (en) * 2011-12-13 2012-06-13 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Rice ridge culture salt-avoiding water-saving planting method of severe soda saline-alkali soil
CN102550350A (en) * 2012-01-09 2012-07-11 肖美 High saline-alkali soil biological treatment method
CN102550350B (en) * 2012-01-09 2013-05-08 肖美 High saline-alkali soil biological treatment method
CN103125237A (en) * 2012-12-24 2013-06-05 吉林省农业科学院 Three-increasing comprehensive planting method of recarburization, oxygenation and resistance-increasing of soda saline-alkaline paddy rice
CN103444297B (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-08-26 天津市原种场 The method of rice field, saline land mechanization rational application of fertilizers improvement soil
CN103444297A (en) * 2013-08-28 2013-12-18 天津市原种场 Method for improving soil of saline-alkaline rice field by mechanical formula fertilization
CN103461049A (en) * 2013-10-14 2013-12-25 吴海涛 Protective cultivation technique for rice
CN103461049B (en) * 2013-10-14 2014-12-10 韩凤 Protective cultivation technique for rice
CN104956974A (en) * 2015-07-06 2015-10-07 青岛袁策生物科技有限公司 High-yield planting method for super hybrid indica type rice in high-latitude saline-alkali soil
CN106489394A (en) * 2016-10-08 2017-03-15 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 A kind of method of soda alkaline land rice on honda fertilising
CN108934855A (en) * 2018-08-09 2018-12-07 马鞍山市香泉湖米业有限公司 A kind of chrome-enriched rice cultivation implantation methods
CN109906898A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-06-21 朱孔志 Suitable for salination middle-and-low-yielding fields rice cultivating superior high-yield method

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