CN104956974A - High-yield planting method for super hybrid indica type rice in high-latitude saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
High-yield planting method for super hybrid indica type rice in high-latitude saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-yield planting method for super hybrid indica type rice in high-latitude saline-alkali soil and belongs to the technical field of hybrid rice planting methods. The method solves the problem that the hybrid indica type rice can not be cultured in the high-latitude saline-alkali soil through the hybrid rice technology. The method comprises the steps of management during the seedling cultivation stage, wherein settlement of a seedling bed, seed soaking, seeding, ventilating, temperature managing, water managing during the seedling stage, fertilizer managing during the seedling stage and pest and disease damage managing are carried out; management during the rice seedling transplanting stage, wherein soil leveling, alkali washing, alkali pressing, seedling transplanting, water managing, fertilizer managing and pest and disease damage prevention and cure are carried out; management during the development stage, wherein water managing, fertilizer managing and pest and disease damage managing are carried out, a method of combining dry rice nursery and an arched shed is adopted, water is managed with the standard of improving the vitality of roots, irrigation and drainage of the water in the whole field are achieved, fine plowing and managing are carried out, and fertilizer management is strengthened. The cultivation method for the hybrid indica type rice in the high-latitude saline-alkali soil is innovated, the hybrid indica type rice in the south is introduced into the northern high-latitude area to be planted, and therefore the purpose of the high yield of the hybrid indica type rice in the high-latitude saline-alkali soil can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, belong to hybrid rice implantation methods technical field.
Background technology
Current hybrid rice has the advantages such as growth is vigorous, well developed root system, big panicle many grains per panicle, strong stress resistance, and hybrid vigour can be utilized to improve the yield and quality of paddy rice.In prior art, hybrid rice implantation methods has following defect: (1) existing hybrid rice plantation, mainly for In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River, does not have the planting technology for high latitude (north latitude 35-degree-north latitude 38 °) paddy rice; (2) in the saline land (salt content is 3 ‰-5 ‰) of high latitude plantation hybrid rice technology, technical blank is still belonged at present; (3) paddy rice planted in the saline land of high latitude cannot realize object of getting bumper crops.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the above-mentioned defect overcoming the existence of existing hybrid rice implantation methods, innovate the cultivation method carrying out indica Hybrid Rice in high latitude saline land, southern indica Hybrid Rice is introduced into northern high latitude area to plant, makes indica Hybrid Rice reach the object of high yield in high latitude saline land.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: the high yield implantation methods of a kind of high latitude saline land Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, and comprise seedling stage management, rice transplanting stage management and developmental stage management, wherein, seedling stage management comprises the following steps:
(1) arrangement of seedling bed: seedling bed specification: bed surface is wide 1.5 meters, furrow width 30cm, ditch depth 20cm;
(2) soak seed: before seed soaking, airing seed 2-3 days, utilizes selection by winnowing, and super hybridization rice seed essence chosen soaks;
(3) sow: adopt the form that dry rice seedling and shed combine, dry rice seedling, by being sown in equably on seedling bed with every mu of 5 jin of consumptions by super seed rice good for presoaking and germinating, covers 1cm with fine earth;
(4) to ventilate and temperature treatment: according to the requirement of neat seedling stage, leaf one heart stage, two leaf one heart stages and three leaf one heart stages, open shed and ventilate, be adjusted to preference temperature;
(5) seeding stage water management: sowing is neat seedling extremely, epiphragma moisturizing; Neat seedling stage, to transplanting, controls water; Two leaf phases to tri-leaf period, moisturizing; Before the four leaf phases to transplanting, not clot not moisturizing; Before shoot transplanting equipment, seedling is washed in moisturizing;
(6) management of seeding stage fertilizer: three leaves wholeheartedly periods, applies in water by 5 kilograms, every mu of urea; Before transplanting, execute urea 10-15 kilogram, superphosphate 20 kilograms and potassium chloride 5-7 kilogram for every mu;
(7) pest management: two leaf one heart stages and transplanting adopt spray pattern the previous day;
Wherein, rice transplanting stage management comprises the following steps:
(1) land readjustment: sewer main on land for growing field crops: dark 2m, wide 5m; Cross ditch is opened, ditch depth 30cm, wide 20cm in land for growing field crops; Open one, railway carriage or compartment ditch, wide 20cm, dark 20cm for every more than 0.5 mu;
(2) soda: water is poured in ground, depth of water 10cm, soaked field uses rotovator to stir for 2 days afterwards, and then draining, makes the salt in soil enter alkali canal with water, repeat 2-3 time;
(3) alkali is pressed: after soda completes, pour water immediately in plot, water depth 15cm, carries out large hydraulic pressure alkali, at least 7 days;
(4) rice transplanting: four leaf one heart stages, according to wide-and narrow-row: (40cm+20cm) × 20cm, plants 1.1 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants/mu, inserts three paddy seedling/root and stem of certain plants;
(5) water management: after transplanting, the dark 4-5cm of water layer; Turn green after 7 days, water layer is 3cm deeply, or dew mud;
(6) fertile management: transplant latter 7 days, impose striking root fertilizer, comprise 8 kilograms, every mu of urea, 5 kilograms, potassium chloride; After transplanting 12-15 days, impose tillering fertilizer, comprise 10 kilograms, every mu of urea, 5 kilograms, potassium chloride;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: 150 grams every mu 30% diformazan bentazones, 15 can dichloro quinolinic acid (wet powder), is watered 20 kg of solution and just sprays; Every mu of chlopyrifos 70ml, mixes native 20-30kg; 150-200g chlorophos, is watered 50-100 kilogram of spraying;
Wherein, developmental stage management comprises booting stage and productive phase, comprises the following steps:
(1) management of water: before entering booting stage, based on batch (-type) irrigation; After entering booting stage, water layer remains on 3-4cm; After Rice Heading, batch (-type) irrigation method;
(2) fertile management: enter 15 days booting stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields first time ear manuer, comprises 8 kilograms, every mu of urea, composite fertilizer 15 kilograms, 7.5 kilograms, potassium chloride; After 8 days, use second time ear manuer, comprise 3 kilograms, every mu of urea, composite fertilizer 15 kilograms, 7.5 kilograms, potassium chloride; After full heading time 7 days, inside spray granulated fertilizer, every mu of precious 100g of grain;
(3) developmental stage management pest management: booting stage, to productive phase, puts prevention first, Unifying control.
Wherein, the arrangement of step (1) the seedling bed of seedling stage management: annual early April select salt content below 1.0 ‰ on the sunny side, the plot of wind sheltering as seedling bed land used, hack, foster and apply fertilizer, manually line make seedling bed.
Wherein, step (2) seed soaking of seedling stage management: first day first soaks 24 hours with normal-temperature water, and timing is stirred up and down, and night will note warming covering; After 24 hours, use clear water rinsing, and drain 6 hours; After this, volumetric concentration is utilized to be 25% prochloraz EC4000 solution seed soaking sterilization; After 12 hours, clear water is eluriated, and with 35 DEG C of warm water vernalization a little, note insulation, show money or valuables one carries unintentionally be advisable with seed, warm water is eluriated, drained a little, prepares sowing.
Wherein, step (3) sowing of seedling stage management: shed, by one, bamboo chip 0.5 meter of interval with 2.2 meters long, is inserted into bow member shape, two ends, seedbed bamboo cane is crossed as arch, central authorities' sagitta 0.4 ~ 0.5 meter, cuttage is neat, fills with vola water in the ditch of seedling bed both sides.
Wherein, the step (4) of seedling stage management is ventilated and temperature treatment: after planting 5-7 days, enters the seedling stage that all sprouts, and temperature is no more than 32 DEG C, and preference temperature is 30 DEG C, when noon, temperature was too high, can opens shed two and ventilate; After Qi Miao 7 days, rice shoot grew to leaf one heart stage, and temperature controls within 30 DEG C, and this period must ventilate before 15 after 9 of every day; One leaf wholeheartedly after date 5 days, entered for two leaf one heart stages, preference temperature is 28 DEG C, and daytime must ventilate at two; Two leaves wholeheartedly after date 5 days, entered for three leaf one heart stages, preference temperature is 22 DEG C, ventilates round the clock; Enter 7 days three leaf one heart stages, entered for four leaf one heart stages, preference temperature is 20 DEG C, can take off film.
Wherein, step (7) pest management of seedling stage management: two leaf one heart stages, mu volumetric concentration is that 10% rice rises, and is watered 20 kilograms of even spraying; Chlopyrifos 70ml, mixes native 20-30kg; Spray strong matter root, thiophanate-methyl, jinggangmeisu, virus stock solution used, spray 2-3 time; In transplanting first 1 day, every mu of seedbed volumetric concentration be 40% open up victory, wetting powder 40g, volumetric concentration be 80% carbendazol wettable powder 80g, volumetric concentration is 5% jinggangmeisu aqua 150-200ml, volumetric concentration is 2% virus stock solution used 20ml, is watered 40 kilograms evenly manually or electric atomizings.
Wherein, step (1) land readjustment of rice transplanting stage management: choose need plantation plot, every mu according to applying fertilizer 1 ton, superphosphate 50 kilograms, composite fertilizer 50 kilograms as base fertilizer, plough, rotary tillage, drought leveling.
Wherein, the step (3) of rice transplanting stage management pressure alkali: can not cut off the water supply in plot, particularly during summer high temperature, will observe rice field whether lack of water every day, carry out moisturizing according to plot water percolating capacity.
Wherein, step (4) rice transplanting of rice transplanting stage management: notice that band mud is pulled up seedlings, with pulling out with inserting, inserting straight cutting steady, being plugged each root and stem of certain plants seedling, do not insert seedling in spite of illness, do not insert the weak seedling that stunts; Plant timely leakage detection in latter 3 days to fill a vacancy, change bad rice shoot of turning green, guarantee not leak a root and stem of certain plants seedling, each root and stem of certain plants rice shoot steady is held up in righting; Make to prevent from walking about down on the farm in rice transplanting process the salt alkali content in water increase and cause dead seedling, should carry out changing water immediately after rice transplanting, after changing water, the depth of water is not flooded the seedling heart and is as the criterion.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) southern indica Hybrid Rice is introduced into northern high latitude area to plant, the plantation of hybrid rice is advanced 2 latitudes northwards;
(2) innovate the cultivation method carrying out indica Hybrid Rice in high latitude saline land, propose a kind of Cultural plan adapting to saline land plantation;
(3) by method of the present invention, indica Hybrid Rice can be made to reach the object of high yield in high latitude saline land.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one:
A high yield implantation methods for high latitude saline land Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, comprise seedling stage management, rice transplanting stage management and developmental stage management, wherein, seedling stage management comprises the following steps:
(1) arrangement of seedling bed: seedling bed specification: bed surface is wide 1.5 meters, furrow width 30cm, ditch depth 20cm;
(2) soak seed: before seed soaking, airing seed 2-3 days, utilizes selection by winnowing, and super hybridization rice seed essence chosen soaks;
(3) sow: adopt the form that dry rice seedling and shed combine, dry rice seedling, by being sown in equably on seedling bed with every mu of 5 jin of consumptions by super seed rice good for presoaking and germinating, covers 1cm with fine earth;
(4) to ventilate and temperature treatment: according to the requirement of neat seedling stage, leaf one heart stage, two leaf one heart stages and three leaf one heart stages, open shed and ventilate, be adjusted to preference temperature;
(5) seeding stage water management: sowing is neat seedling extremely, epiphragma moisturizing; Neat seedling stage, to transplanting, controls water; Two leaf phases to tri-leaf period, moisturizing; Before the four leaf phases to transplanting, not clot not moisturizing; Before shoot transplanting equipment, seedling is washed in moisturizing;
(6) management of seeding stage fertilizer: three leaves wholeheartedly periods, applies in water by 5 kilograms, every mu of urea; Before transplanting, execute urea 10-15 kilogram, superphosphate 20 kilograms and potassium chloride 5-7 kilogram for every mu;
(7) pest management: two leaf one heart stages and transplanting adopt spray pattern the previous day;
Wherein, rice transplanting stage management comprises the following steps:
(1) land readjustment: sewer main on land for growing field crops: dark 2m, wide 5m; Cross ditch is opened, ditch depth 30cm, wide 20cm in land for growing field crops; Open one, railway carriage or compartment ditch, wide 20cm, dark 20cm for every more than 0.5 mu;
(2) soda: water is poured in ground, depth of water 10cm, soaked field uses rotovator to stir for 2 days afterwards, and then draining, makes the salt in soil enter alkali canal with water, repeat 2-3 time;
(3) alkali is pressed: after soda completes, pour water immediately in plot, water depth 15cm, carries out large hydraulic pressure alkali, at least 7 days;
(4) rice transplanting: four leaf one heart stages, according to wide-and narrow-row: (40cm+20cm) × 20cm, plants 1.1 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants/mu, inserts three paddy seedling/root and stem of certain plants;
(5) water management: after transplanting, the dark 4-5cm of water layer; Turn green after 7 days, water layer is 3cm deeply, or dew mud;
(6) fertile management: after transplanting latter 7 days, impose striking root fertilizer, comprise 8 kilograms, every mu of urea, 5 kilograms, potassium chloride; After transplanting 12-15 days, impose tillering fertilizer, comprise 10 kilograms, every mu of urea, 5 kilograms, potassium chloride;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: 150 grams every mu 30% diformazan bentazones, 15 can dichloro quinolinic acid (wettable powder), is watered 20 kg of solution and just sprays; Every mu of chlopyrifos 70ml, mixes native 20-30kg; 150-200g chlorophos, is watered 50-100 kilogram of spraying;
Wherein, developmental stage management comprises booting stage and productive phase, comprises the following steps:
(1) management of water: before entering booting stage, based on batch (-type) irrigation; After entering booting stage, water layer remains on 3-4cm; After Rice Heading, batch (-type) irrigation method;
(2) fertile management: enter 15 days booting stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields first time ear manuer, comprises 8 kilograms, every mu of urea, composite fertilizer 15 kilograms, 7.5 kilograms, potassium chloride; After 8 days, use second time ear manuer, comprise 3 kilograms, every mu of urea, composite fertilizer 15 kilograms, 7.5 kilograms, potassium chloride; After full heading time 7 days, inside spray granulated fertilizer, every mu of precious 100g of grain;
(3) developmental stage management pest management: booting stage, to productive phase, puts prevention first, Unifying control.
The agricultural chemicals configuration detail mentioned in above-mentioned steps refers to table one.
The configuration of table one agricultural chemicals is detailed
The arrangement of step (1) the seedling bed of seedling stage management: annual early April select salt content below 1.0 ‰ on the sunny side, the plot of wind sheltering as seedling bed land used, hack, foster and apply fertilizer, manually line make seedling bed.
Step (2) seed soaking of seedling stage management: first day first soaks 24 hours with normal-temperature water, and timing is stirred up and down, and night will note warming covering; After 24 hours, use clear water rinsing, and drain 6 hours; After this, volumetric concentration is utilized to be 25% prochloraz EC4000 solution seed soaking sterilization; After 12 hours, clear water is eluriated, and with 35 DEG C of warm water vernalization a little, note insulation, show money or valuables one carries unintentionally be advisable with seed, warm water is eluriated, drained a little, prepares sowing.
Step (3) sowing of seedling stage management: shed is by one, bamboo chip 0.5 meter of interval with 2.2 meters long, be inserted into bow member shape, two ends, seedbed bamboo cane is crossed as arch, central sagitta 0.4 ~ 0.5 meter, cuttage is neat, fills with vola water in the ditch of seedling bed both sides.
The step (4) of seedling stage management is ventilated and temperature treatment: after planting 5-7 days, enters the seedling stage that all sprouts, and temperature is no more than 32 DEG C, and preference temperature is 30 DEG C, when noon, temperature was too high, can opens shed two and ventilate; After Qi Miao 7 days, rice shoot grew to leaf one heart stage, and temperature controls within 30 DEG C, and this period must ventilate before 15 after 9 of every day; One leaf wholeheartedly after date 5 days, entered for two leaf one heart stages, preference temperature is 28 DEG C, and daytime must ventilate at two; Two leaves wholeheartedly after date 5 days, entered for three leaf one heart stages, preference temperature is 22 DEG C, ventilates round the clock; Enter 7 days three leaf one heart stages, entered for four leaf one heart stages, preference temperature is 20 DEG C, can take off film.
Step (7) pest management of seedling stage management: two leaf one heart stages, mu volumetric concentration is that 10% rice rises, and is watered 20 kilograms of even spraying; Chlopyrifos 70ml, mixes native 20-30kg; Spray strong matter root, thiophanate-methyl, jinggangmeisu, virus stock solution used, spray 2-3 time; In transplanting first 1 day, every mu of seedbed volumetric concentration be 40% open up victory, wetting powder 40g, volumetric concentration be 80% carbendazol wettable powder 80g, volumetric concentration is 5% jinggangmeisu aqua 150-200ml, volumetric concentration is 2% virus stock solution used 20ml, is watered 40 kilograms evenly manually or electric atomizings.
Step (1) land readjustment of rice transplanting stage management: choose need plantation plot, every mu according to applying fertilizer 1 ton, superphosphate 50 kilograms, composite fertilizer 50 kilograms as base fertilizer, plough, rotary tillage, drought leveling.
Step (3) the pressure alkali of rice transplanting stage management: can not cut off the water supply in plot, particularly during summer high temperature, will observe rice field whether lack of water every day, carry out moisturizing according to plot water percolating capacity.
Step (4) rice transplanting of rice transplanting stage management: notice that band mud is pulled up seedlings, with pulling out with inserting, inserting straight cutting steady, being plugged each root and stem of certain plants seedling, do not insert seedling in spite of illness, do not insert the weak seedling that stunts; Plant timely leakage detection in latter 3 days to fill a vacancy, change bad rice shoot of turning green, guarantee not leak a root and stem of certain plants seedling, each root and stem of certain plants rice shoot steady is held up in righting; Make to prevent from walking about down on the farm in rice transplanting process the salt alkali content in water increase and cause dead seedling, should carry out changing water immediately after rice transplanting, after changing water, the depth of water is not flooded the seedling heart and is as the criterion.
Embodiment two:
Within 2014, carry out Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice in Shi Ba village, Kenli County two, Dongying city (north latitude 37 degree) saline land (salt content is about 4 ‰) and plant 50 mu, average yield is 701.18 kilograms, more local average level improves 27% (local rice yield level 550.32 kilograms), reaches high yield level.
Focus on following steps:
(1) seedling raising method: the forms such as dry rice seedling+shed; Wet for super seed rice good for presoaking and germinating kind is sown on seedling bed with 5 pounds/acre of consumptions equably, covers about 1cm with fine earth, guarantee not leak seed.Use 17.2% dimepiperate subsequently. bensulfuron-methyl wetting powder 200 grams/acre is watered 30kg and sprays and carry out enclosed weeding.Use one, bamboo chip 0.5 meter of interval of 2.2 meters long afterwards, be inserted into bow member shape, two ends, seedbed bamboo cane is crossed as arch, and central sagitta 0.4 ~ 0.5 meter, cuttage is neat.Meanwhile, in the ditch of seedling bed both sides, vola water is filled with.
(2) seedling bed moisture control: main to improve the vitality of root for standard pipe water.The strict water management of dry rice seedling.Sowing is neat seedling extremely, epiphragma moisturizing.Neat seedling stage, should to control water, strong root, strong sprout to transplanting.Two leaf phases to tri-leaf period, with the whether dry and cracked suitable moisturizing that is as the criterion in seedling bed surface.Four leaf phases strictly controlled water, blade not clot at noon before transplanting, just not moisturizing.Before shoot transplanting equipment, seedling is washed in moisturizing.
(3) rice seedling bed arranges: except surrounding excavation row alkali ditch, open cross ditch, ditch depth 30cm, wide about 20cm, can open one, railway carriage or compartment ditch, wide 20cm, dark 20cm for every more than 0.5 mu in land for growing field crops.Accomplish that full water in field divides irrigation and drainage freely, be convenient to timely irrigation and drainage or dry field.
(4) rice transplanting: carry out land for growing field crops meticulous cultivated whole before transplanting, use medium-sized Cultivator, by dark to 30cm for rice field deep ploughing, then rake, monolithic soil difference in height is no more than 8cm, accomplishes that 3cm water layer does not show mud.Rice shoot grow to four leaves wholeheartedly time, prepare rice transplantation by hand.Rice transplanting is carried out according to the mode of wide-and narrow-row, i.e. (40cm+20cm) × 20cm, namely: wide every trade distance 40cm, narrow row line-spacing 20cm, line-spacing railway carriage or compartment, limit edge, face 20cm.
(5) fertile management: increase by 2 ear manuer, 1 granulated fertilizer.
Embodiment three:
The invention provides the high yield implantation methods of a kind of high latitude saline land Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, be best suited for north latitude 35-degree-north latitude 38 °, salt content 3 ‰-5 ‰ saline and alkaline plantation hybrid rice.Hybrid rice is not limited only to indica Hybrid Rice, can also be other hybrid rice type, such as subspecies indica and japonica hybrid, Japonica Hybrid etc., the present invention can be adopted to plant, play the effect of high yield.
It should be noted that this is a kind of Cultural plan adapting to saline land plantation, instead of improve saline land, the method that the soda wherein related in planting process, pressure subtract belongs to the common method of the plantation in saline land, does not belong to innovation of the present invention.
Certainly, foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, can not be considered to for limiting embodiments of the invention scope.The present invention also can be suitable at slight saline-alkali wetland, such as river shoal alkali ground, hillside fields, Plain, the plantation of ground, husky alkaline wasteland.The present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned citing, and equalization change and improvement etc. that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, all should belong in patent covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a high yield implantation methods for high latitude saline land Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, comprise seedling stage management, rice transplanting stage management and developmental stage management, it is characterized in that: wherein, seedling stage management comprises the following steps:
(1) arrangement of seedling bed: seedling bed specification: bed surface is wide 1.5 meters, furrow width 30cm, ditch depth 20cm;
(2) soak seed: before seed soaking, airing seed 2-3 days, utilizes selection by winnowing, and super hybridization rice seed essence chosen soaks;
(3) sow: adopt the form that dry rice seedling and shed combine, dry rice seedling, by being sown in equably on seedling bed with every mu of 5 jin of consumptions by super seed rice good for presoaking and germinating, covers 1cm with fine earth;
(4) to ventilate and temperature treatment: according to the requirement of neat seedling stage, leaf one heart stage, two leaf one heart stages and three leaf one heart stages, open shed and ventilate, be adjusted to preference temperature;
(5) seeding stage water management: sowing is neat seedling extremely, epiphragma moisturizing; Neat seedling stage, to transplanting, controls water; Two leaf phases to tri-leaf period, moisturizing; Before the four leaf phases to transplanting, not clot not moisturizing; Before shoot transplanting equipment, seedling is washed in moisturizing;
(6) management of seeding stage fertilizer: three leaves wholeheartedly periods, applies in water by 5 kilograms, every mu of urea; Before transplanting, execute urea 10-15 kilogram, superphosphate 20 kilograms and potassium chloride 5-7 kilogram for every mu;
(7) pest management: two leaf one heart stages and transplanting adopt spray pattern the previous day;
Wherein, rice transplanting stage management comprises the following steps:
(1) land readjustment: sewer main on land for growing field crops: dark 2m, wide 5m; Cross ditch is opened, ditch depth 30cm, wide 20cm in land for growing field crops; Open one, railway carriage or compartment ditch, wide 20cm, dark 20cm for every more than 0.5 mu;
(2) soda: water is poured in ground, depth of water 10cm, soaked field uses rotovator to stir for 2 days afterwards, and then draining, makes the salt in soil enter alkali canal with water, repeat 2-3 time;
(3) alkali is pressed: after soda completes, pour water immediately in plot, water depth 15cm, carries out large hydraulic pressure alkali, at least 7 days;
(4) rice transplanting: four leaf one heart stages, according to wide-and narrow-row: (40cm+20cm) × 20cm, plants 1.1 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants/mu, inserts three paddy seedling/root and stem of certain plants;
(5) water management: after transplanting, the dark 4-5cm of water layer; Turn green after 7 days, water layer is 3cm deeply, or dew mud;
(6) fertile management: after transplanting latter 7 days, impose striking root fertilizer, comprise 8 kilograms, every mu of urea, 5 kilograms, potassium chloride; After transplanting 12-15 days, impose tillering fertilizer, comprise 10 kilograms, every mu of urea, 5 kilograms, potassium chloride;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: 150 grams every mu 30% diformazan bentazones, 15 can dichloro quinolinic acid (wettable powder), is watered 20 kg of solution and just sprays; Every mu of chlopyrifos 70ml, mixes native 20-30kg; 150-200g chlorophos, is watered 50-100 kilogram of spraying;
Wherein, developmental stage management comprises booting stage and productive phase, comprises the following steps:
(1) management of water: before entering booting stage, based on batch (-type) irrigation; After entering booting stage, water layer remains on 3-4cm; After Rice Heading, batch (-type) irrigation method;
(2) fertile management: enter 15 days booting stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields first time ear manuer, comprises 8 kilograms, every mu of urea, composite fertilizer 15 kilograms, 7.5 kilograms, potassium chloride; After 8 days, use second time ear manuer, comprise 3 kilograms, every mu of urea, composite fertilizer 15 kilograms, 7.5 kilograms, potassium chloride; After full heading time 7 days, inside spray granulated fertilizer, every mu of precious 100g of grain;
(3) pest management: booting stage, to productive phase, puts prevention first, Unifying control.
2. the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land according to claim 1 Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, it is characterized in that: the arrangement of step (1) the seedling bed of seedling stage management: annual early April select salt content below 1.0 ‰ on the sunny side, the plot of wind sheltering as seedling bed land used, hack, foster and apply fertilizer, manually line make seedling bed.
3. the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land according to claim 1 Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, it is characterized in that: step (2) seed soaking of seedling stage management: first day first soaks 24 hours with normal-temperature water, timing is stirred up and down, and night will note warming covering; After 24 hours, use clear water rinsing, and drain 6 hours; After this, volumetric concentration is utilized to be 25% prochloraz EC4000 solution seed soaking sterilization; After 12 hours, clear water is eluriated, and with 35 DEG C of warm water vernalization a little, note insulation, show money or valuables one carries unintentionally be advisable with seed, warm water is eluriated, drained a little, prepares sowing.
4. the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land according to claim 1 Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, it is characterized in that: step (3) sowing of seedling stage management: shed is by one, bamboo chip 0.5 meter of interval with 2.2 meters long, be inserted into bow member shape, two ends, seedbed bamboo cane is crossed as arch, central authorities' sagitta 0.4 ~ 0.5 meter, cuttage is neat, fills with vola water in the ditch of seedling bed both sides.
5. the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land according to claim 1 Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, it is characterized in that: the step (4) of seedling stage management is ventilated and temperature treatment: after planting 5-7 days, enter the seedling stage that all sprouts, temperature is no more than 32 DEG C, preference temperature is 30 DEG C, when noon, temperature was too high, shed two can be opened and ventilate; After Qi Miao 7 days, rice shoot grew to leaf one heart stage, and temperature controls within 30 DEG C, and this period must ventilate before 15 after 9 of every day; One leaf wholeheartedly after date 5 days, entered for two leaf one heart stages, preference temperature is 28 DEG C, and daytime must ventilate at two; Two leaves wholeheartedly after date 5 days, entered for three leaf one heart stages, preference temperature is 22 DEG C, ventilates round the clock; Enter 7 days three leaf one heart stages, entered for four leaf one heart stages, preference temperature is 20 DEG C, can take off film.
6. the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land according to claim 1 Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, it is characterized in that: step (7) pest management of seedling stage management: two leaf one heart stages, mu volumetric concentration is that 10% rice rises, and is watered 20 kilograms of even spraying; Chlopyrifos 70ml, mixes native 20-30kg; Spray strong matter root, thiophanate-methyl, jinggangmeisu, virus stock solution used, spray 2-3 time; In transplanting first 1 day, every mu of seedbed volumetric concentration be 40% open up victory, wetting powder 40g, volumetric concentration be 80% carbendazol wettable powder 80g, volumetric concentration is 5% jinggangmeisu aqua 150-200ml, volumetric concentration is 2% virus stock solution used 20ml, is watered 40 kilograms evenly manually or electric atomizings.
7. the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land according to claim 1 Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, it is characterized in that: step (1) land readjustment of rice transplanting stage management: the plot choosing needs plantation, every mu according to applying fertilizer 1 ton, superphosphate 50 kilograms, composite fertilizer 50 kilograms as base fertilizer, plough, rotary tillage, drought leveling.
8. the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land according to claim 1 Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, it is characterized in that: step (3) the pressure alkali of rice transplanting stage management: can not cut off the water supply in plot, particularly during summer high temperature, rice field whether lack of water to be observed every day, carry out moisturizing according to plot water percolating capacity.
9. the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land according to claim 1 Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, is characterized in that: step (4) rice transplanting of rice transplanting stage management: notice that band mud is pulled up seedlings, with pulling out with inserting, insert straight cutting steady, be plugged each root and stem of certain plants seedling, do not insert seedling in spite of illness, do not insert the weak seedling that stunts; Plant timely leakage detection in latter 3 days to fill a vacancy, change bad rice shoot of turning green, guarantee not leak a root and stem of certain plants seedling, each root and stem of certain plants rice shoot steady is held up in righting; Carry out immediately changing water after rice transplanting, after changing water, the depth of water is not flooded the seedling heart and is as the criterion.
10. the high yield implantation methods of high latitude saline land according to claim 1 Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice, is characterized in that: Super Hybrid long-grained nonglutinous rice adopts southern indica Hybrid Rice.
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| CN112400638A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-26 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | High-yield cultivation method for rice in saline-alkali soil |
| CN113475183A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-08 | 湖南农业大学 | Coastal saline-alkali soil comprehensive improvement method based on hybrid indica rice planting |
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