CN106376266A - Improving method for saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Improving method for saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN106376266A CN106376266A CN201610736849.4A CN201610736849A CN106376266A CN 106376266 A CN106376266 A CN 106376266A CN 201610736849 A CN201610736849 A CN 201610736849A CN 106376266 A CN106376266 A CN 106376266A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an improving method for a saline-alkali soil. The method comprises steps of preparing paddy rice seedling, selecting a land, washing salt of fresh water, applying improving fertilizer suitable for the saline-alkali, transplanting the seedlings, daily managing the field and harvesting. The improving fertilizer suitable for the saline-alkali is formed by A fertilizer, B fertilizer and C fertilizer; the A fertilizer is formed by microbial agent, mushroom dreg organic fertilizer, mineral substance and acid improving liquid; the B fertilizer is formed by vegetable pesticide; and the C fertilizer is made of microbial weeding agent. The improving fertilizer suitable for saline-alkali soil cannot only improve saline-alkali soil fertility, but also prevent insect diseases and eliminate weeds; salt is washed via fresh water and trenches are drained to prevent salt re-accumulation; the saline-alkali soil can be comprehensively improved via the improving fertilizer suitable for the saline-alkali soil and paddy rice cultivation; great improving effect can be achieved; the improving method is green, environment protective and causes no pollution, thereby being worthy of promotion and use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alkaline land improvement technical field, more particularly to a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil.
Background technology
At present, alkaline land improvement mainly has following several technical measures：
1st, water conservancy improvement, the fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching：It is applied to the higher well-drained region of physical features.
2nd, biological modification：Improve salt-soda soil microecological environment, apply bio-organic fertilizer, while supplementing organic, increase
Plus soil beneficial microorganism quantity, make to set up new microecological balance between alkaline land soil, plant and microorganism, reach life
The target that thing controls.
3rd, chemical modifying：Per hectare applies 15 tons about of Gypsum Fibrosum, makees base manure and once applies, also can be in conjunction with local actual arable land
In the conditioned soil of alkaline spot and grassland alkaline spot.
4th, plough deeply ground, at least will dig down more than 70 centimeters, continuously plough deeply 2 years to 3 years, could substantially solve general when pouring
The problem of alkali.
5th, soil moved in improve the original improvement：In weight alkaline spot plot, alkaline spot is dug deep 40cm, backfilling new soil.
6th, plant rice improvement：The local exploitation paddy field kind rice having abundant water resources, changes alkali with rice.
But, each of the above method all has more or less shortcoming, is substantially to cure the symptoms, not the disease, in prior art
Also typically take one of little aspect to be administered, do not have a kind of effective comprehensive processing method of science that salt-soda soil is entered
Row improvement is it is impossible to fundamentally improve salt-soda soil.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is：For what prior art existed, salt-soda soil is carried out with improvement shortage science
Effectively the deficiency of comprehensive processing method, provides a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil.The method first uses fresh water irrigation, then applies
There is the improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil of the compositions such as microbial bacterial agent, fertilizer, mineral, pesticide, herbicide, carry out Oryza sativa L.
Plantation, plays physics, chemistry, bioanalysises and carries out improveing salt-soda soil simultaneously.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of modification method in salt-soda soil, comprises the following steps：
A. rice seedling prepares；Select medium for dry breeding of seedling bed ground, by 1.5～1.6 meters of reason moisture in the soils, 30 centimetres of ditch depth, railway carriage or compartment is high 15 lis
Rice；Every mu of seedbed applies and is applied to 1500～2000 kilograms of the improving fertilizer in salt-soda soil and makees base fertilizer, levels land；Broadcast after presoaking and germinating
Kind, carry out seedling exercising in 4～5 leaf phases, prepare to transplant；
B. plot, the fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching are chosen；Digging zanjon around plot prevents the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；Enter in rice field within 7～10 days before rice transplanting
Fresh water is pulled an oar, and soaks 6～8 days, water is discharged, and digs zanjon around rice field after making beating；
C. the improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil, transplanting seedlings are applied；Turn over plough mu and apply with reference to rice field before planting and be applied to salt-soda soil
1500～2000 kilograms of improving fertilizer, every nest plants band tiller Seedling 1～2 Seedling；If duplicate rows bar is planted：Then big row 0.9～1.0 chi, little
Row 0.4～0.5 chi, nest is away from 0.4～0.5 chi；
D. daily field management；Rationally topdress, period needs to add the improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil twice；Rationally fill
Water, and note deinsectization weed eradication；
E. can harvest when full grains.
The described improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil, by first fertilizer, second is fertile and the third fertilizer is with mass ratio 88～92:6～10:1～3 group
Become；Fertile microbial bacterial agent, bacteria residue fertilizer, mineral and the acid improvement liquid of including of described first is 2～3 in mass ratio:80～90:
8～10:3～4 compositions；Described second is fertile to be botanical pesticide；Described third fertilizer is microbial herbicide；
Described microbial bacterial agent include azotobacter chroococcum, trichodermaharzianum, muscardine, Bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces fradiae,
Bacillus thuringiensiss, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacilluss；Above-mentioned microbial inoculum directly participates in the formation of soil fertility, bag
Include the conversion of matter and energy in soil, the formation of humus and decomposition, the release of nutrient, the fixation of nitrogen etc., Ke Yigai
Good soil compaction, excites soil vitality, provides the hormone that extra natural plants grow and antibiotic, the funguses in suppression soil
With nematicide and plant root pest and disease damage, fundamentally decrease the usage amount of pesticide, improve the quality of crop and agricultural product；
Described bacteria residue fertilizer is by avilamycin bacteria residue, bean cake, distiller grains, furfur, straw, turf, bacillus subtilises, wine
Brewer yeast and bacillus acidophilus make；Wherein bacillus subtilises, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus are used to above-mentioned component
Carry out solid fermentation, avilamycin bacteria residue is mainly the thalline of Abamectin producing bacterium, nutritious, and contains a small amount of Avermectin
Element can be used to parasite killing, and other components are mainly the various nutrition providing needed for plant growing；
Described mineral includes desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, glauconite, vivianite stone and rock phosphate in powder；De- in mineral
Sulfur Gypsum Fibrosum can improve alkali-affected soil, can suppress outside the accumulation of salt in the surface soil of salt-soda soil after mixing with other mineral, provide necessary to crop
Nutrient, can adsorb heavy metal in soil, morbid substance, balanced soil nutrient, activate soil vitality, promote crop newly old generation
Thank, improve crop resistance and immunologic function；
Described acid improvement liquid includes humic acidss, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid；Acid improvement liquid can
With the sodium ion in replacement, activating soil colloid and other mineral elements, salt-soda soil can be improved rapidly, improve soil granular
Structure, improves retain water and nutrients ability, improves crop disease-resistant, drought resisting, anti-adversity ability；
Described botanical pesticide includes Semen Ricini, Folium Persicae, wild Artemisia, Flos Daturae and Pericarpium Zanthoxyli；Combinations thereof sows soil after pulverizing
In earth can the subterranean pest-insect such as control of grubs, Gryllotalpa, wireworm, aphid because select is all vegetable material, corrupt at it
After can also be used as Fertilizer application；
Described microbial herbicide includes Lilaceous streptomycete, circle colletotrichum, Fusarium oxysporum, new long-radius elbow spore and scab
Sick streptomycete；This composite bacteria agent capable can be with effectively preventing Eclipta prostrata, Amaranthus retroflexus, Herba chenopodii, barnyard grass, Herba Eleusines Indicae, Herba monochoriae vaginaliss, Herba Clinopodii Polycephali, perfume (or spice)
The weeds such as Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Semen Euphorbiae, dried tuber, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Portulacae, Ma Tang, because select is all microorganism, in its trophophase conduct
Herbicide, can be used as Fertilizer application after death；
Described first is fertile, second is fertile and the third fertilizer can be used in mixed way it is also possible to separately be used alone.
Preferably, azotobacter chroococcum, trichodermaharzianum, muscardine, Bacillus licheniformis, Freund in described microbial bacterial agent
Streptomycete, the mass ratio of bacillus thuringiensiss, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacilluss are 0.8～1.2:0.8～
1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.1～0.3:0.1～0.3:0.1～0.3；It is preferably in a proportion of 1:1:1:1:
1:0.2:0.2:0.2.
Preferably, described bacteria residue fertilizer is to utilize bacillus subtilises, and saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus are to AVM hereinafter
Rhzomorph bacteria residue, bean cake, distiller grains, furfur, straw and turf carry out what solid fermentation was made；Avilamycin in described bacteria residue fertilizer
Bacteria residue, bean cake, distiller grains, furfur, straw, the mass ratio of turf are 38～42:28～32:8～12:8～12:4～6:4～6, press
One kilogram of mixing mycopowder containing bacillus subtilises, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus of interpolation per ton carries out solid fermentation.
Preferably, desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, the matter of glauconite, vivianite stone and rock phosphate in powder in described mineral
Amount ratio is 1.8～2.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2；It is preferably 2:1:1:1:1:
1.
Preferably, humic acidss, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid each component in described acid improvement liquid
Mass ratio be 18～22:27～33:18～22:18～22:8～12；It is preferably 20:30:20:20:10.
Preferably, in described botanical pesticide, Semen Ricini, Folium Persicae, the mass ratio of wild Artemisia, Flos Daturae and Pericarpium Zanthoxyli are 24～28:
16～20:20～24:15～19:15～19, preferably 26:18:22:17:17.
Preferably, described microbial herbicide includes Lilaceous streptomycete, circle colletotrichum, Fusarium oxysporum, crescent
The mass ratio of curved spore and shot hole streptomycete is 1.8～2.2:1.8～2.2:1.8～2.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2, preferably
For 2:2:2:1:1.
Preferably, described step d field management includes deinsectization, weeding, and deinsectization is using the improvement being applied to salt-soda soil
Fertile second fertilizer carries out foliage spray, and improving fertilizer third fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil is applied in weeding for field.
Due to employing technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Due to employing the fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, ditching draining
And prevent the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, and the improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil is applied in combination and rice-cultivating comes comprehensive improvement salt-soda soil；It is applied to
The improving fertilizer in salt-soda soil not only has the effect of improvement alkaline land soil fertility moreover it is possible to prevention and elimination of disease and pests, going out and cut weeds, in conjunction with it
Its method improves salt-soda soil together, and improved effect is good, and green pollution-free is worth of widely use.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment one, be applied to salt-soda soil improving fertilizer production
A. by azotobacter chroococcum, trichodermaharzianum, muscardine, Bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces fradiae, Su Yun gold spore bar
Bacterium, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacilluss carry out fermentation culture according to respective condition of culture, by product concentrating and separating
Make dry powder, in mass ratio 0.8:0.8:0.8:1.2:1.2:0.3:0.3:0.1, mix to obtain 22 kilograms of microbial bacterial agent；
B. the local bean cake being readily obtained of selection, distiller grains, the straw of various plant are pulverized, by avilamycin bacteria residue after drying
Being dried to water content is 40%～45%, then with the mass ratio of avilamycin bacteria residue, bean cake, distiller grains, furfur, straw and turf
For 38:28:10:12:6:6 mixing, add one kilogram by fertilizer per ton and contain bacillus subtilises, saccharomyces cerevisiae and acidophilus breast bar
(mass ratio of bacillus subtilises, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus is 1 to the mixing mycopowder of bacterium:1:1) carry out solid fermentation two
Ten days, the turning of 3 to 5 days periods once, prepared fertilizer 757 kilograms；
C. in mass ratio 1.8:0.8:0.8:1.2:1.2:1.2 by desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, glauconite, vivianite
Stone and rock phosphate in powder mixing, shape of claying into power, combine 80 kilograms of metallogenic material；
D. humic acidss, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid each component are in mass ratio 22:32:18:18:
10 mixings, are obtained 31 kilograms of liquid of improvement；
E. prepare second fertilizer (botanical pesticide)：In mass ratio 28:20:20:17:15 deployed Semen Ricinis, Folium Persicae, wild Artemisia, graceful
Top sieve and Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, grind and mix, prepared botanical pesticide powder, granular preparation or 100 kilograms of sustained release particle preparation；
F. prepare third fertile (microbial herbicide)：Each fermentation culture Lilaceous streptomycete, circle colletotrichum, fusarium oxysporum
Bacterium, new long-radius elbow spore and shot hole streptomycete, concentration, drying after having cultivated makes powder, with mass ratio for 2.2:1.8:1.8:
1.2:1.2 ratio mixing；Or it is reprocessed into 10 kilograms of granular preparation, sustained release particle preparation on the basis of powder.
G. each powder mix homogeneously obtained as above be can get one ton of improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil；Or list will
The fertile mixing of first, the fertile individually subpackage fertile with third of second.
H. pelletize or direct packaging；Or by fertile for first, second fertilizer, the third fertile individually pelletize subpackage.
Embodiment two, be applied to salt-soda soil improving fertilizer production
A. by azotobacter chroococcum, trichodermaharzianum, muscardine, Bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces fradiae, Su Yun gold spore bar
Bacterium, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacilluss carry out fermentation culture according to respective condition of culture, by product concentrating and separating
Make dry powder, in mass ratio 1.2:1.2:1.2:0.8:0.8:0.1:0.1:0.3 mixes to obtain 23 kilograms of microbial bacterial agent；
B. the local bean cake being readily obtained of selection, distiller grains, the straw of various plant are pulverized, by avilamycin bacteria residue after drying
Being dried to water content is 40%～45%, then with the mass ratio of avilamycin bacteria residue, bean cake, distiller grains, furfur, straw and turf
For 40:32:12:8:4:4 mixing, add one kilogram by fertilizer per ton and contain bacillus subtilises, saccharomyces cerevisiae and acidophilus breast bar
(mass ratio of bacillus subtilises, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus is 1 to the mixing mycopowder of bacterium:1:1) carry out solid fermentation two
Ten days, the turning of 3 to 5 days periods once, prepared fertilizer 773 kilograms；
C. in mass ratio 2.2:1.2:1.2:0.8:0.8:0.8 by desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, glauconite, vivianite
Stone and rock phosphate in powder mixing, shape of claying into power, combine 82 kilograms of metallogenic material；
D. humic acidss, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid each component are in mass ratio 18:28:22:22:
10 mixings, are obtained 32 kilograms of liquid of improvement；
E. prepare second fertilizer (botanical pesticide)：In mass ratio 28:16:24:16:16 deployed Semen Ricinis, Folium Persicae, wild Artemisia, graceful
Top sieve and Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, grind and mix, prepared botanical pesticide powder, granular preparation or 60 kilograms of sustained release particle preparation；
F. prepare third fertile (microbial herbicide)：Each fermentation culture Lilaceous streptomycete, circle colletotrichum, fusarium oxysporum
Bacterium, new long-radius elbow spore and shot hole streptomycete, concentration, drying after having cultivated makes powder, with mass ratio for 1.8:2.2:2.2:
0.8:0.8 ratio mixing；Or it is reprocessed into 30 kilograms of granular preparation, sustained release particle preparation on the basis of powder.
G. each powder mix homogeneously obtained as above be can get one ton and be applied to alkaline land improving fertilizer；Or singly by first
Fertile mixing, the fertile individually subpackage fertile with third of second.
H. pelletize or direct packaging；Or by fertile for first, second fertilizer, the third fertile individually pelletize subpackage.
Embodiment three, be applied to salt-soda soil improving fertilizer production
A. by azotobacter chroococcum, trichodermaharzianum, muscardine, Bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces fradiae, Su Yun gold spore bar
Bacterium, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacilluss carry out fermentation culture according to respective condition of culture, and cultured products are dense
Division from making dry powder, in mass ratio 1:1:1:1:1:0.2:0.2:0.2 mixes to obtain 22.5 kilograms of microbial bacterial agent；
B. the local bean cake being readily obtained of selection, distiller grains, the straw of various plant are pulverized, by avilamycin bacteria residue after drying
Being dried to water content is 40%～45%, then with the mass ratio of avilamycin bacteria residue, bean cake, distiller grains, furfur, straw and turf
For 40:30:10:10:5:5 mixing, add one kilogram by fertilizer per ton and contain bacillus subtilises, saccharomyces cerevisiae and acidophilus breast bar
(mass ratio of bacillus subtilises, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus is 1 to the mixing mycopowder of bacterium:1:1) carry out solid fermentation two
Ten days, the turning of 3 to 5 days periods once, prepared fertilizer 765 kilograms；
C. in mass ratio 2:1:1:1:1:Desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, glauconite, vivianite stone and rock phosphate in powder are mixed by 1
Close, shape of claying into power, combine 81 kilograms of metallogenic material；
D. humic acidss, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid each component are in mass ratio 20:30:20:20:
10 mixings, are obtained 31.5 kilograms of liquid of improvement；
E. prepare second fertilizer (botanical pesticide)：In mass ratio 26:18:22:17:17 deployed Semen Ricinis, Folium Persicae, wild Artemisia, graceful
Top sieve and Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, grind and mix, prepared botanical pesticide powder, granular preparation or 80 kilograms of sustained release particle preparation；
F. prepare third fertile (microbial herbicide)：Each fermentation culture Lilaceous streptomycete, circle colletotrichum, fusarium oxysporum
Bacterium, new long-radius elbow spore and shot hole streptomycete, concentration, drying after having cultivated makes powder, with mass ratio for 2:2:2:1:1 ratio
Mixing；Or it is reprocessed into 20 kilograms of granular preparation, sustained release particle preparation on the basis of powder.
G. each powder mix homogeneously obtained as above be can get one ton of improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil；Or list will
The fertile mixing of first, the fertile individually subpackage fertile with third of second.
H. pelletize or direct packaging；Or by fertile for first, second fertilizer, the third fertile individually pelletize subpackage.
Example IV, the cultivation of Oryza sativa L.
A. rice seedling prepares：Selection Resistant, the high quality seed that anti-fall, tiller is strong, fringe is big, setting percentage is high；Selectively
Gesture is flat, medium for dry breeding of seedling bed ground is made in the deep fertile ripe nonirrigated farmland of soil layer.Fine site preparation, by 1.5～1.6 meters of reason moisture in the soils, 30 lis of ditch depth
Rice, railway carriage or compartment is high 15 centimetres；Apply improving fertilizer (first can be administered alone fertile) 1500～2000 public affairs being applied to salt-soda soil by every mu of seedbed
Jin makees base fertilizer, and after being sufficiently mixed with soil during fertilising, smooth moisture in the soil face waits sowing；After presoaking and germinating, every mu of seeding in nursery bed 10
～12 kilograms, epiphragma of after planting puing up a shed, heat and moisture preserving；Carry out seedling exercising in 4～5 leaf phases, prepare to transplant；
B. select the higher salt-soda soil of physical features, press within 7～10 days before rice transplanting every mu of 100～150 tons of water yields by fresh water
Enter in rice terrace, pulled an oar using beater, soak 6～8 days after making beating, then rice water in field is all discharged, and
Dig zanjon draining around rice terrace and prevent the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；
C. the improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil, transplanting seedlings are applied：Turn over plough mu and apply with reference to rice field before planting and be applied to salt-soda soil
1500～2000 kilograms of improving fertilizer, can individually select first fertile when now applying fertilizer, also can first is fertile, second is fertile, the third fertilizer is applied simultaneously, with
It is preferably selected second fertilizer, the third fertilizer is sustained release particle preparation shape fertilizer during Shi Tianjia；Fine whole field when ploughing, it is smooth to reach field face,
Accomplish " green grass or young crops of pouring water, draining field are anhydrous "；And the height according to rice field fertility, determine Transplanting Density, during transplanting, regard rice shoot
Tiller situation, band tiller Seedling 1～2 Seedling planted by every nest；If duplicate rows bar is planted：Then big row 0.9～1.0 chi, little row 0.4～0.5 chi, nest
Away from 0.4～0.5 chi；
D. daily field management：1) need during paddy growth to add fertilizer twice, for the first time in transplanting latter 10 days about,
Add and be applied to the improving fertilizer in salt-soda soil, and ensure that second is fertile and the additional quantity of the third fertilizer, now in addition to needing to increase fertility in addition it is also necessary to
Prevention and elimination of disease and pests and preparation are gone out and are cut weeds；In boot stage, impose and attack granulated fertilizer for second, now only add and be applied to changing of salt-soda soil
Good fertilizer first is fertile.2) growth period notes rationally pouring water, and period of seedling establishment is favorably turned green with suitable Deep irrigation, boot stage, beginning fringe
Phase keeps shallow irrigation to full heading time, irrigation conditions remaining period preferably regional all with keep moistening based on；During harvesting, accomplish field
Between anhydrous, in order to avoid Oryza glutinosa is immersed in water impact rice matter.3) deinsectization weeding will accomplish early putting prevention first, from pest-resistant cultivar, training
Educate strong seedling, rational close planting, the rational application of fertilizer, Scientific irrigation, apply the improving fertilizer second fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil and the third fertilizer slow-release in advance
Property granular preparation come pest control and weeds, or spray the fertile powder of improving fertilizer second being applied to salt-soda soil in insect pest early period of origination
Agent formulation is administering insect pest；
E. can harvest when full grains.
Embodiment five, alkaline land improving effect
The present invention effectively improves the alkaline land soil of planting area, reduces soil salt content, reduces the soil weight, increases soil
Earth is organic, and after present invention rice cultivation 2 years on salt-soda soil, soil pH value is reduced to 7.3 by original 8.8, soil
Basicity be reduced to 2.2% about, soil total gap rate be 49% about, ventilative hole be 16% about.
It should be understood that these embodiments are only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.In addition, it is to be understood that
After having read the content of present invention instruction, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, these
The equivalent form of value equally falls within the application appended claims limited range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
A. rice seedling prepares；Select medium for dry breeding of seedling bed ground, by 1.5～1.6 meters of reason moisture in the soils, 30 centimetres of ditch depth, railway carriage or compartment is high 15 centimetres；Often
Mu seedbed applies and is applied to 1500～2000 kilograms of the improving fertilizer in salt-soda soil and makees base fertilizer, levels land；Sow after presoaking and germinating,
4～5 leaf phases carried out seedling exercising, prepared to transplant；
B. plot, the fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching are chosen；Digging zanjon around plot prevents the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；Enter fresh water within 7～10 days before rice transplanting in rice field
Making beating, soaks 6～8 days after making beating, water is discharged, and digs zanjon around rice field；
C. the improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil, transplanting seedlings are applied；Turn over plough mu and apply with reference to rice field before planting and be applied to changing of salt-soda soil
Good fertile 1500～2000 kilograms, band tiller Seedling 1～2 Seedling planted by every nest；If duplicate rows bar is planted：Then big row 0.9～1.0 chi, little row 0.4
～0.5 chi, nest is away from 0.4～0.5 chi；
D. daily field management；Rationally topdress, period needs to add the improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil twice；Rationally pour water, and
Note deinsectization weed eradication；
E. can harvest when full grains；
The described improving fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil, by first fertilizer, second is fertile and the third fertilizer is with mass ratio 88～92:6～10:1～3 composition；
Fertile microbial bacterial agent, bacteria residue fertilizer, mineral and the acid improvement liquid of including of described first is 2～3 in mass ratio:80～90:8～
10:3～4 compositions；Described second is fertile to be botanical pesticide；Described third fertilizer is microbial herbicide；
Described microbial bacterial agent includes azotobacter chroococcum, trichodermaharzianum, muscardine, Bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces fradiae, Su Yun
Golden bacillus cereuss, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacilluss；
Described bacteria residue fertilizer is by avilamycin bacteria residue, bean cake, distiller grains, furfur, straw, turf, bacillus subtilises, wine brewing ferment
Female and bacillus acidophilus make；
Described mineral includes desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, glauconite, vivianite stone and rock phosphate in powder；
Described acid improvement liquid includes humic acidss, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid；
Described botanical pesticide includes Semen Ricini, Folium Persicae, wild Artemisia, Flos Daturae and Pericarpium Zanthoxyli；
Described microbial herbicide includes Lilaceous streptomycete, circle colletotrichum, Fusarium oxysporum, new long-radius elbow spore and shot hole chain
Mycete；
Described first is fertile, second is fertile and the third fertilizer can be used in mixed way it is also possible to separately be used alone.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil it is characterised in that：In described microbial bacterial agent, circle is brown solid
Nitrogen bacterium, trichodermaharzianum, muscardine, Bacillus licheniformis, streptomyces fradiae, bacillus thuringiensiss, thermophilic salt alkalophilic bacillus and glue
The mass ratio freezing sample bacilluss is 0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.1～0.3:
0.1～0.3:0.1～0.3.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil it is characterised in that：Described bacteria residue fertilizer is using withered
Careless bacillus cereuss, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus carry out solid to avilamycin bacteria residue, bean cake, distiller grains, furfur, straw and turf
Body fermentation is made；In described bacteria residue fertilizer, avilamycin bacteria residue, bean cake, distiller grains, furfur, straw, the mass ratio of turf are
38～42:28～32:8～12:8～12:4～6:4～6, add one kilogram containing bacillus subtilises, saccharomyces cerevisiae by per ton
Carry out solid fermentation with the mixing mycopowder of bacillus acidophilus.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil it is characterised in that：Desulfurated plaster in described mineral,
Borax, meerschaum, the mass ratio of glauconite, vivianite stone and rock phosphate in powder are 1.8～2.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～
1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2.
5. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil it is characterised in that：Rotten plant in described acid improvement liquid
Acid, polylactic acid, the mass ratio of maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid each component are 18～22:27～33:18～22:18～22:
8～12.
6. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil it is characterised in that：Semen Ricini in described botanical pesticide,
Folium Persicae, the mass ratio of wild Artemisia, Flos Daturae and Pericarpium Zanthoxyli are 24～28:16～20:20～24:15～19:15～19.
7. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil it is characterised in that：Described microbial herbicide includes light
Streptomyces violaceus, circle colletotrichum, the mass ratio of Fusarium oxysporum, new long-radius elbow spore and shot hole streptomycete are 1.8～2.2:1.8
～2.2:1.8～2.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2.
8. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of modification method in salt-soda soil it is characterised in that：Wrap in described step d field management
Include deinsectization, weeding, described deinsectization is to carry out foliage spray using the described improving fertilizer second fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil, and described weeding is
Apply improving fertilizer third fertilizer being applied to salt-soda soil.
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| CN107347289A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-11-17 | 常州市海若纺织品有限公司 | A kind of method that alkaline earth soil is administered based on Pig raising wastewater |
| CN107593023A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-19 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Salt-soda soil planting beet and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation |
| CN107646228A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-02 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Plant glasswort and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation in salt-soda soil |
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