CN110352820A - A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas - Google Patents
A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110352820A CN110352820A CN201910798702.1A CN201910798702A CN110352820A CN 110352820 A CN110352820 A CN 110352820A CN 201910798702 A CN201910798702 A CN 201910798702A CN 110352820 A CN110352820 A CN 110352820A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- potato
- soil
- parts
- seed
- moisture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 209
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241001232787 Epiphragma Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000722953 Akebia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000035874 Excoriation Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001499733 Plantago asiatica Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000219780 Pueraria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000143590 Salvia chinensis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007154 Salvia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001302463 Viola mandshurica Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001165494 Rhodiola Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000555682 Forsythia x intermedia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 13
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 244000205754 Colocasia esculenta Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000006481 Colocasia esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000555712 Forsythia Species 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000399949 Ditylenchus dipsaci Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VAYOSLLFUXYJDT-RDTXWAMCSA-N Lysergic acid diethylamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C=2[C@H](N(C)C[C@@H](C=2)C(=O)N(CC)CC)C2)=C3C2=CNC3=C1 VAYOSLLFUXYJDT-RDTXWAMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000207763 Solanum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003471 Vitamin B2 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036186 satiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019627 satiety Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019164 vitamin B2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas, the following steps are included: the 1. selection and processing of planting site: being sprinkled into charcoal, rice bran, sulphur and sodium chlorate solution after soil is ploughed deeply into soil, sprinkle farmyard manure mixture, brown sugar water and soil in moisture surface again after trench digging reason moisture in the soil；2. epiphragma: covering black film in moisture surface；3. the processing of potato kind: will choose for potato kind to be placed in seed-soaking liquid and soak seed and plant；4. sowing: potato kind is sowed in the middle ten days and the last ten days in March；4. field management: imposing and mention seed manure 1 time in potato Qi Miaoying, growth animated period imposes growth fertilizer 2~3 times；5. taking off film；6. harvesting.The present invention is directed to the climatic phenomenon of high altitude localities, by plant to potato suitablely, rational close planting, applies fertilizers scientifically and manage, yield per acre can not only all be improved 20~30%, and the time of potato planting soil crop rotation is extended, be conducive to the utilization rate for accelerating popularization and raising soil that potato is planted in High aititude place.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of drought-enduring plantation side of Potato in High Altitude Areas
Method.
Background technique
Potato is gained the name because exactly liking horse small bell, also referred to as potato, potato, foreign sweet potato etc., is Solanaceae Solanum annual herb
Plant.Its edible portion is underground stem tuber, and tuber shape is round, oblong, and there are many bud eye on epidermis, coat color has
White, yellow, pink, red, purple and black etc. are a variety of.Studies have shown that potato nutritional is abundant, starch, sugar are contained in fresh sweet potato stem tuber
Class, protein, fat, crude fibre and multivitamin and microelement can satisfy the various demands of human body.Its starch contains
Amount generally 9~20% can provide amount of heat for human body, and can generate satiety after eating, so potato can be used as master
Food；Its protein content is generally 2% or so, and quality is equivalent to the protein of egg, is easy digestion, absorbs, better than other works
The protein of object；Fat content is lower, and generally 0.1% or so, it is far below other cereal crops；Vitamin wide variety, including
Vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin E etc., it is highly beneficial to human health；Microelement includes
Calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, sodium, zinc, manganese etc., and maintain the indispensable element of function of human body.Currently, potato is extensive in the whole world
Cultivating and growing has become one of staple food crop of the mankind, in global cereal crops, the sowing face of potato
Long-pending and total output ranking the 4th, is only second to corn, rice and wheat.China is that potato produces the first big country, plantation in the world
Area accounts for the 28.21% of the total cultivated area in the world, and total output accounts for 23.6%.Potato is adaptable extensively, growth cycle is short, battalion
The characteristics of supporting value high and industry chain length, it has also become China shakes off poverty and sets out on the road to prosperity, the mainstay industry of development of the West Regions, main vegetables
With the important source material of foreign exchange earning high-efficiency crop and the processing of food and industrial starch.Whole nation potato planting area reaches at present
85000000 mu, 88,000,000 tons of annual output, the output value is up to 85,000,000,000 yuan, to promote China's increasing peasant income to be made that tremendous contribution.Potato
It is typical temperate climate crop, property is hygrophilous to moisten the growing environment to cool, and to high temperature sensitive, therefore potatoes main producing region is mainly divided
Cloth is in cool and cold climate and High aititude area, such as Heilungkiang, Jilin, the Inner Mongol, Gansu, Shanxi and cloud, expensive, river is regional.But
In these areas, there is Large scale droughts, semiarid soil, and shortage of water resources problem is also more serious, and arid is to horse
The influence of bell potato growth and development be it is very extensive and deep, it can influence the physiological metabolism process of potato, such as photosynthetic work
With, the absorption and transport of respiration and nutrient, and then influence sprouting, nutrient growth and the reproductive growth of potato, from
Caused by the potato underproduction moreover, the yield and quality to potato often result in heavy losses greatly affected Ma Ling
Potato Industry Equilibrium, sustainable development, in addition, soil continuous cropping also can serious influence potato due to the shortage of land resource
Yield and quality.Therefore, develop a kind of implantation methods are simple and easy, can overcome the climatic characteristic of High aititude, improve horse
The survival rate and yield of bell potato, the use for reducing pest and disease damage and pesticide, the high altitude localities horse of with extending planting soil crop rotation time
The drought-enduring implantation methods of bell potato are desirabilities.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as background technique, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods are simply easy
Row, the climatic characteristic that High aititude can be overcome, the survival rate for improving potato and yield, the use for reducing pest and disease damage and pesticide,
With the extending planting soil drought-enduring implantation methods of the Potato in High Altitude Areas of crop rotation time.
A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas of the present invention, the following steps are included:
1. planting site select and processing: select percent sand for 30~45% soil；20~30cm is ploughed deeply into soil, then to soil
30~50kg of 200~300kg of charcoal, 200~300kg of rice bran and sulphur is sprinkled into ground per acre, sprinkling quality is dense per acre later
80~120kg of liquor natrii hypochloritis that degree is 2~3%, then again by 8~15cm of soil shallow plowing, after leveling rake is thin, then in soil
On carry out trench digging reason moisture in the soil, the width of moisture in the soil is 1.1~1.2m, and the height of moisture in the soil is 20~30cm, and the width of dead furrow is 30~40cm, most
Sprinkle the farmyard manure mixture of one layer of 3~5cm thickness in moisture surface again afterwards, and spraying mass concentration on farmyard manure mixture is 5
~10% brown sugar water sprays 100~150kg of brown sugar water per acre, is later again covered farmyard manure mixture completely with soil；
2. epiphragma: covering black film in the moisture surface 1. put in order through step, the width of black film is 1m, and black film bedding is in moisture surface
Afterwards, two sides of black film do not cover the bottom of moisture surface, allow black film side and bottom of trench distance controlling in 12~15cm, it is black
After film bedding is good, then the both sides of the edge of black film are compact with soil；
3. the processing of potato kind: select without it is damaged, without rot, without scar, nest is small, terminal bud is sturdy, surface is smooth, single size is 80
Potato kind is placed in 30~50min of seed soaking in seed-soaking liquid later, forbids stirring during seed soaking by the potato of~100g weight as potato kind
Potato kind prevents potato kind excoriation；Potato kind, which is placed under sunlight the 3~5h that basks seeds, after seed soaking to sow, the seed soaking
Liquid includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 1~2 part of magnesium chloride, 0.2~0.8 part of cassia seeds polysaccharides, 0.6~1 part of Blackfungus polyhexose,
0.1~0.2 part and 80~100 parts of water of pueraria polysaccharide；
4. sowing: will be sowed through step 3. treated potato kind in the middle ten days and the last ten days in March, when sowing presses 20~25cm of spacing in the rows, row
Density away from 30~40cm beats implantation hole, and the depth of implantation hole is 10~15cm, is just put into potato kind while beating implantation hole
In implantation hole, then with fine earth the implantation hole in potato kind and black film is covered tightly, Gai Shi；
4. field management: after the emergence of potato kind, timely rupture of membranes is answered, in the seeding stage and growth period of potato kind, the Ying Jiaqiang prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
With carry out tillage and weeding, and impose and mention seed manure 1 time in potato Qi Miaohou, growth animated period imposes growth fertilizer 2~3 times, growth
Fertilizer imposed 1 time every 7~10 days, and growth fertilizer carries out in such a way that blade face and root spray；
5. taking off film: in early June, should in time remove the black film being covered in moisture surface；
6. harvesting: withered in potato plant blade, stem lodged after a week, selected fine day excavation.
Further, step 1. in, the farmyard manure mixture is by decomposed pig manure, cow dung and sheep dung according to 1:1
After the mass ratio mixing of~2:3~5, then the plant ash that addition accounts for 0.2~0.5 times of sheep dung thereto adds after mixing evenly
The biogas slurry of 3 times of cow dungs, after fermenting 2~3 days at a temperature of being placed in 60~70 DEG C, then mixture, compound fertilizer, phosphorus that fermentation is obtained
Farmyard manure mixture can be obtained after mixing according to 5~10:1~2:1 mass ratio in acid dihydride potassium；
Further, step 4. in, it is described mention seed manure be by humus, flyash and zeolite powder by 1:0.2~0.3:0.1~
It is made after 0.2 mass ratio mixing；The humus is by the raw material of following mass parts: 80~100 parts of stalk powder, walnut
After 20~30 parts of fallen leaves, 50~100 parts of sheep dung and 1~2 part of EM bacterium solution mix, stacking fermentation, the decomposed period control of stacking are carried out
Water content is 50~60%, and temperature is at 50~60 DEG C, every turning in 15~20 days 1 time, after fermentation reaches decomposed state in 4~5 months
As humus；Impose mention seed manure when, will first mention seed manure and be placed on around potato seedling root, then on mentioning seed manure lid on
One layer of fine earth, imposes mention 60~100kg of seed manure per acre；
Further, step 4. in, it is described growth fertilizer include following mass parts raw material: 10~20 parts of urea, biphosphate
10~15 parts of potassium, 20~25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5~10 parts of biogas slurry, 1~2 part of the Chinese herbal medicine extract and 150~200 parts of water；It is described
The Chinese herbal medicine extract be by parts by weight be 5~10 portions of salvia chinensis, 3~8 portions of caulis akebiaes, 10~15 parts of Herba Andrographitis, 4~8 portions of viola mandshuricas,
After 5~15 portions of Sculellaria barbatas, 3~10 parts of Fructus Forsythiaes, 10~15 parts of root of kirilow rhodiola, 4~7 parts of Asiatic plantain mixing, crushes, is placed in container,
The water that parts by weight are 80~100 is added, after the 15~20min that soaks seed, it is 20~30% that heating, which is decocted to water content, be can be obtained
The Chinese herbal medicine extract.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
First is that during handling base, deep ploughing is carried out to soil and is digged, and by the soil dug and biological carbon, rice bran and
Sulphur mixing, biological carbon, rice bran have porosity, and loosing soil is porous convenient for water conservation moisturizing, the sulphur and sodium hypochlorite of addition
Soil sterilization can also be sterilized, while sulphur and sodium hypochlorite can also maintain the faintly acid of soil, be conducive to the life of potato
It is long；
Second is that the present invention soaks seed to potato using seed-soaking liquid, seed-soaking liquid can effectively kill the germ of the carrying in potato kind
And virus, enhance potato kind bioenzyme activity, effectively promote the cellular metabolic activity of potato kind, promotes to sprout sprouting, make its germination
Fast emergence is more, promotees its root of hair, effectively promotes Differentiation and the increment of root system, enhances absorption and utilization efficiency to nutrient,
So that potato set is sturdy, the accumulation for the substance that has additional nutrients promotes cauline leaf early to send out, and formula is scientific and reasonable for seed-soaking liquid, not only
It avoids using Pesticide Residue caused by pesticide, and avoids injury of the pesticide to potato kind, ensured drug-treated
Safety, easily decompose, noresidue；
Third is that the cultivation technique of potato is cultivated again using first covering black film, while solving rupture of membranes difficulty, using black plastic mulching
On the one hand cultivation technique can be reduced heat and consume with the evaporation of moisture, surface layer air is hindered to exchange with the heat of soil,
With preferable moistening effect, ground temperature can be effectively improved, so that the germination for potato kind provides suitable temperature；On the other hand
It is that not only can effectively reduce the effective consumption and weeding difficulty of fertilizer moisture after bedding black film, but also disease pest danger can be mitigated
Evil reduces Pesticide use, while when black plastic mulching, endless all standing moisture surface, so that moisture surface is not easy ponding, at rainy season, moisture surface
Ponding can drain flooded fields in time from the height that moisture surface two sides are reserved, and avoid moisture surface ponding, and when as dry such as moisture surface, the water in dead furrow is again
Moisture surface can be penetrated into from the height that moisture surface two sides are reserved, remain the ground moistening of moisture surface, reach the effect of heat and moisture preserving
Fruit provides sufficient moisture for the germination of potato kind；
Fourth is that the present invention is directed to potato growth habit, in the fertilizer management of potato planting, the nutrition of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is needed
It asks, the quick of potato is promoted to meet the different needs of potato different growing stage to its directing fertilization from each growth period
Growth and raising potato yield mainly based on organic fertilizer when applying base fertilizer use sufficient base fertilizer, early spraying fertilizer, are just able to satisfy Ma Ling
Potato grows the nutritional need of early period, in the potato seedling phase, imposes and mentions seed manure and can effectively promote taking root, opening up for potato taro kind
Leaf is conducive to the fast-growth of potato, promotes the storage of the photosynthesis and nutriment of potato, and in the block of potato
The Stem nematode phase, with high potassium, phosphorous fertilizer based on, promote potato reproductive organs development and root nutrition substance it is poly-
Collection is conducive to the yield for improving potato, and can be conducive to extend the potato planting period of crop-rotation by reasonably fertilising, keeps away
Exempt from potato because of continuous cropping obstacle bring low output, inferior phenomenon.
The present invention for high altitude localities sunlight compared with strong, the temperature difference is larger, wind-force is relatively strong, arid, has Frost's Descent freezing etc.
Climatic phenomenon by plant to potato suitablely, rational close planting, applies fertilizers scientifically and manages, can not only be by production per acre
Amount all improves 20~30%, and reduces the use of pest and disease damage and pesticide, extends the time of potato planting soil crop rotation,
Be conducive to accelerate the utilization rate of popularization and raising soil that potato is planted in High aititude place.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is limited in any way,
Based on present invention teach that it is made it is any transform or replace, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas described in the present embodiment 1, the following steps are included:
1. planting site select and processing: select percent sand for 30% soil；20cm is ploughed deeply into soil, then per acre into soil
It is sprinkled into charcoal 200kg, rice bran 200kg and sulphur 30kg, the liquor natrii hypochloritis that sprinkling mass concentration is 2% per acre later
80kg, biological carbon, rice bran have porosity, and loosing soil is porous convenient for water conservation moisturizing, and the sulphur and sodium hypochlorite of addition may be used also
To sterilize to soil sterilization, while sulphur and sodium hypochlorite can also maintain the faintly acid of soil, be conducive to the growth of potato, so
Soil is ploughed shallowly 8cm again afterwards, after leveling rake is thin, then carries out trench digging reason moisture in the soil on soil, the width of moisture in the soil is 1.1m, and the height of moisture in the soil is
20cm, the width of dead furrow are 30cm, finally sprinkle the farmyard manure mixture of one layer of 3cm thickness in moisture surface again, and mixed in farmyard manure
The brown sugar water that sprinkling mass concentration is 5% on object is closed, sprays brown sugar water 100kg per acre, later again with soil by farmyard manure mixture
Covering completely, the farmyard manure mixture be by decomposed pig manure, cow dung and sheep dung according to 1:1:3 mass ratio mix after, then
The plant ash that addition accounts for 0.2 times of sheep dung thereto adds the biogas slurry of 3 times of cow dungs after mixing evenly, is placed at a temperature of 60 DEG C
It can be obtained after fermentation 2 days, then after the obtained mixture that ferments, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5:1:1
To farmyard manure mixture；To farmyard manure mixture and brown sugar water is applied in planting site before plantation, kind on the one hand can be effectively improved
The activity on ground is planted, getting fat soil provides organic matter abundant for the growth of potato, enhances the Nutrition and Metabolism ability of potato,
On the other hand be also able to maintain the loose and gas permeability of soil, avoid soil hardening, for potato tubers growth provide it is loose, fertile
Fertile growing environment；
2. epiphragma: covering black film in the moisture surface 1. put in order through step, the width of black film is 1m, and black film bedding is in moisture surface
Afterwards, two sides of black film do not cover the bottom of moisture surface, allow black film side and bottom of trench distance controlling in 12cm, black film paving
After covering, then the both sides of the edge of black film are compact with soil, on the one hand heat can be reduced with the evaporation of moisture using black plastic mulching
And consume, it hinders surface layer air to exchange with the heat of soil, there is preferable moistening effect, can effectively improve ground temperature, from
And suitable temperature is provided for the germination of potato kind；It on the other hand is that both can effectively reduce fertilizer moisture after bedding black film
Effective consumption and weeding difficulty, and disease pest harm can be mitigated and reduce Pesticide use, while when black plastic mulching, not exclusively covered
Lid moisture surface, so that moisture surface is not easy ponding, at rainy season, the ponding of moisture surface can be arranged in time from the height that moisture surface two sides are reserved
Flood avoids moisture surface ponding, and when as dry such as moisture surface, the water in dead furrow can penetrate into moisture in the soil from the height that moisture surface two sides are reserved again
Face remains the ground moistening of moisture surface, achievees the effect that heat and moisture preserving, provides sufficient moisture for the germination of potato kind；
3. the processing of potato kind: select without it is damaged, without rot, without scar, nest is small, terminal bud is sturdy, surface is smooth, single size for
Potato kind is placed in seed-soaking liquid the 30min that soaks seed later as potato kind by the potato of 80g weight, is forbidden stirring potato kind during seed soaking, be prevented
Only potato kind excoriation；Seed-soaking liquid can effectively kill the germs and viruses of the carrying in potato kind, enhance potato kind bioenzyme activity,
The cellular metabolic activity of potato kind is effectively promoted, promotes to sprout sprouting, keeps the fast emergence of its germination more, promotees its root of hair, it is effective to promote
Differentiation and increment into root system enhance absorption and utilization efficiency to nutrient, so that potato set is sturdy, have additional nutrients object
The accumulation of matter promotes cauline leaf early to send out, and formula is scientific and reasonable for seed-soaking liquid, and it is residual to not only avoid pesticide caused by using pesticide
Problem is stayed, and avoids injury of the pesticide to potato kind, has ensured the safety of drug-treated, is easily decomposed, noresidue, after seed soaking
Potato kind is placed under sunlight to the 3h that basks seeds to be sowed, it is preferable that the seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following parts by weight: chlorine
1 part of magnesium of change, 0.2 part of cassia seeds polysaccharides, 0.6 part of Blackfungus polyhexose, 0.1 part of pueraria polysaccharide and 80 parts of water；
4. sowing: will be sowed through step 3. treated potato kind in the middle ten days and the last ten days in March, when sowing presses spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing
The density of 30cm beats implantation hole, and the depth of implantation hole is 10cm, and just potato kind is put into implantation hole while beating implantation hole, then
The implantation hole in potato kind and black film is covered tightly with fine earth, Gai Shi；
4. field management: after the emergence of potato kind, timely rupture of membranes is answered, in the seeding stage and growth period of potato kind, the Ying Jiaqiang prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
With carry out tillage and weeding, and impose and mention seed manure 1 time in potato Qi Miaohou, the seed manure that mentions is by humus, flyash and boiling
Mountain flour is by obtained after the mass ratio mixing of 1:0.2:0.1；The humus is by the raw material of following mass parts: stalk powder 80
After part, 20 parts of walnut fallen leaves, 50 parts of sheep dung and 1 part of EM bacterium solution mix, stacking fermentation is carried out, the decomposed period control of stacking is aqueous
Amount is 50%, and temperature is at 50 DEG C, and every turning in 15 days 1 time, fermenting 4 months after reaching decomposed state is humus, mentions imposing
When seed manure, it will first mention seed manure and be placed on around potato seedling root, then cover one layer of fine earth on mentioning seed manure, impose mention per acre
Seed manure 60kg；It imposes and mentions seed manure and can effectively promote the taking root of potato taro kind, lamina, be conducive to the fast-growth of potato,
Promote the storage of the photosynthesis and nutriment of potato；The growth fertilizer includes the raw material of following mass parts: 10 parts of urea,
10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of biogas slurry, 1 part of the Chinese herbal medicine extract and 150 parts of water, the Chinese herbal medicine extract
Be by parts by weight be 5 portions of salvia chinensis, 3 portions of caulis akebiaes, 10 parts of Herba Andrographitis, 4 portions of viola mandshuricas, 5 portions of Sculellaria barbatas, 3 parts of Fructus Forsythiaes, 10 parts of red scapes
It, after the mixing of 4 portions of Asiatic plantains, crush, be placed in container, add the water that parts by weight are 80, soak seed after 15min, heating decocts
It is 20% to water content, the Chinese herbal medicine extract can be obtained, growth animated period imposes growth fertilizer 2 times, and growth fertilizer imposed 1 every 7 days
Secondary, growth fertilizer carries out in such a way that blade face and root spray, and the growth fertilizer imposed is to give birth to based on the fertilizer of high potassium, phosphorous
The development of potato reproductive organs and the aggregation of root nutrition substance can be promoted by fleshing up, and be conducive to the yield for improving potato,
And the potato planting period of crop-rotation can be conducive to extend by reasonably fertilising, avoid potato from producing because of continuous cropping obstacle bring
Measure low, inferior phenomenon；
5. taking off film: in early June, should in time remove the black film being covered in moisture surface, the growth of potato tubers at this time is close
Latter stage removes black film by sunlight and irradiates moisture surface, allow antecedent soil moisture, convenient for excavation；
6. harvesting: withered in potato plant blade, stem lodged after a week, selected fine day excavation.
The implantation methods of above-described embodiment 1 are used to plant potato, the speed of germination and emergence in height above sea level for 1500~2000m kind
Degree is fast, and the plant after emergence is vigorous in growth period growing way, has no pest and disease damage, and the potato head after harvesting is big, no worm
Eye, rotten and rotten phenomenon, high-class product has reached 92.3%, per mu yield average out to 2368kg, compared to traditional cultivation skill
Art, per mu yield improve 25.8%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas described in the present embodiment 2, the following steps are included:
1. planting site select and processing: select percent sand for 40% soil；25cm is ploughed deeply into soil, then per acre into soil
It is sprinkled into charcoal 250kg, rice bran 250kg and sulphur 40kg, the liquor natrii hypochloritis that sprinkling mass concentration is 2.5% per acre later
100kg, biological carbon, rice bran have porosity, and loosing soil is porous convenient for water conservation moisturizing, and the sulphur and sodium hypochlorite of addition may be used also
To sterilize to soil sterilization, while sulphur and sodium hypochlorite can also maintain the faintly acid of soil, be conducive to the growth of potato, so
Soil is ploughed shallowly 12cm again afterwards, after leveling rake is thin, then carries out trench digging reason moisture in the soil on soil, the width of moisture in the soil is 1.1m, the height of moisture in the soil
Width for 25cm, dead furrow is 35cm, finally sprinkles the farmyard manure mixture of one layer of 4cm thickness in moisture surface again, and in farmyard manure
The brown sugar water that mass concentration is 8% is sprayed on mixture, is sprayed brown sugar water 125kg per acre, is later again mixed farmyard manure with soil
Completely, the farmyard manure mixture is to mix decomposed pig manure, cow dung and sheep dung according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:4 for object covering
Afterwards, then thereto the plant ash that addition accounts for 0.4 times of sheep dung adds the biogas slurry of 3 times of cow dungs after mixing evenly, is placed in 65 DEG C
At a temperature of ferment 3 days after, then by fermentation obtain mixture, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to 8:1.5:1 mass ratio mix
After farmyard manure mixture can be obtained；It, on the one hand can be effective to farmyard manure mixture and brown sugar water is applied in planting site before plantation
Raising planting site activity, getting fat soil provides organic matter abundant for the growth of potato, enhances the nutrition generation of potato
It thanks to ability, is on the other hand also able to maintain the loose and gas permeability of soil, avoids soil hardening, provided for the growth of potato tubers
Loose, fertile growing environment；
2. epiphragma: covering black film in the moisture surface 1. put in order through step, the width of black film is 1m, and black film bedding is in moisture surface
Afterwards, two sides of black film do not cover the bottom of moisture surface, allow black film side and bottom of trench distance controlling in 12cm, black film paving
After covering, then the both sides of the edge of black film are compact with soil, on the one hand heat can be reduced with the evaporation of moisture using black plastic mulching
And consume, it hinders surface layer air to exchange with the heat of soil, there is preferable moistening effect, can effectively improve ground temperature, from
And suitable temperature is provided for the germination of potato kind；It on the other hand is that both can effectively reduce fertilizer moisture after bedding black film
Effective consumption and weeding difficulty, and disease pest harm can be mitigated and reduce Pesticide use, while when black plastic mulching, not exclusively covered
Lid moisture surface, so that moisture surface is not easy ponding, at rainy season, the ponding of moisture surface can be arranged in time from the height that moisture surface two sides are reserved
Flood avoids moisture surface ponding, and when as dry such as moisture surface, the water in dead furrow can penetrate into moisture in the soil from the height that moisture surface two sides are reserved again
Face remains the ground moistening of moisture surface, achievees the effect that heat and moisture preserving, provides sufficient moisture for the germination of potato kind；
3. the processing of potato kind: select without it is damaged, without rot, without scar, nest is small, terminal bud is sturdy, surface is smooth, single size for
Potato kind is placed in seed-soaking liquid the 40min that soaks seed later as potato kind by the potato of 90g weight, is forbidden stirring potato kind during seed soaking, be prevented
Only potato kind excoriation；Seed-soaking liquid can effectively kill the germs and viruses of the carrying in potato kind, enhance potato kind bioenzyme activity,
The cellular metabolic activity of potato kind is effectively promoted, promotes to sprout sprouting, keeps the fast emergence of its germination more, promotees its root of hair, it is effective to promote
Differentiation and increment into root system enhance absorption and utilization efficiency to nutrient, so that potato set is sturdy, have additional nutrients object
The accumulation of matter promotes cauline leaf early to send out, and formula is scientific and reasonable for seed-soaking liquid, and it is residual to not only avoid pesticide caused by using pesticide
Problem is stayed, and avoids injury of the pesticide to potato kind, has ensured the safety of drug-treated, is easily decomposed, noresidue, after seed soaking
Potato kind is placed under sunlight to the 4h that basks seeds to be sowed, it is preferable that the seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following parts by weight: chlorine
1.5 parts of magnesium of change, 0.6 part of cassia seeds polysaccharides, 0.8 part of Blackfungus polyhexose, 0.15 part of pueraria polysaccharide and 90 parts of water；
4. sowing: will be sowed through step 3. treated potato kind in the middle ten days and the last ten days in March, when sowing presses spacing in the rows 22cm, line-spacing
The density of 35cm beats implantation hole, and the depth of implantation hole is 12cm, and just potato kind is put into implantation hole while beating implantation hole, then
The implantation hole in potato kind and black film is covered tightly with fine earth, Gai Shi；
4. field management: after the emergence of potato kind, timely rupture of membranes is answered, in the seeding stage and growth period of potato kind, the Ying Jiaqiang prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
With carry out tillage and weeding, and impose and mention seed manure 1 time in potato Qi Miaohou, the seed manure that mentions is by humus, flyash and boiling
Mountain flour is by obtained after the mass ratio mixing of 1:0.25:0.15；The humus is by the raw material of following mass parts: stalk powder 90
After part, 25 parts of walnut fallen leaves, 80 parts of sheep dung and 1.5 parts of EM bacterium solution mix, stacking fermentation is carried out, the decomposed period control of stacking contains
Water is 55%, and temperature is at 55 DEG C, and every turning in 18 days 1 time, fermenting 4 months after reaching decomposed state is humus, is imposing
When mentioning seed manure, it will first mention seed manure and be placed on around potato seedling root, then cover one layer of fine earth on mentioning seed manure, impose per acre
Mention seed manure 80kg；It imposes and mentions seed manure and can effectively promote the taking root of potato taro kind, lamina, be conducive to the fast fast-growing of potato
It is long, promote the storage of the photosynthesis and nutriment of potato；The growth fertilizer includes the raw material of following mass parts: urea 15
Part, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 22 parts of calcium superphosphate, 8 parts of biogas slurry, 1.5 parts of the Chinese herbal medicine extract and 180 parts of water, the Chinese herbal medicine
Extracting solution be by parts by weight be 8 portions of salvia chinensis, 6 portions of caulis akebiaes, 12 parts of Herba Andrographitis, 6 portions of viola mandshuricas, 10 portions of Sculellaria barbatas, 6 parts of Fructus Forsythiaes,
After 12 parts of root of kirilow rhodiola, 5 parts of Asiatic plantain mixing, crushes, be placed in container, add the water that parts by weight are 90, after the 18min that soaks seed,
It is 25% that heating, which is decocted to water content, can be obtained the Chinese herbal medicine extract, and growth animated period imposes growth fertilizer 3 times, growth fertilizer every
It imposes within 8 days 1 time, growth fertilizer carries out in such a way that blade face and root spray, and the growth fertilizer imposed is with the fertilizer of high potassium, phosphorous
Based on, growth fertilizer can promote the development of potato reproductive organs and the aggregation of root nutrition substance, be conducive to improve potato
Yield, and by reasonably fertilising can be conducive to extend the potato planting period of crop-rotation, avoid potato because of continuous cropping obstacle
Bring low output, inferior phenomenon；
5. taking off film: in early June, should in time remove the black film being covered in moisture surface, the growth of potato tubers at this time is close
Latter stage removes black film by sunlight and irradiates moisture surface, allow antecedent soil moisture, convenient for excavation；
6. harvesting: withered in potato plant blade, stem lodged after a week, selected fine day excavation.
The implantation methods of above-described embodiment 2 are used to plant potato, the speed of germination and emergence in height above sea level for 2000~2300m kind
Degree is fast, and the plant after emergence is vigorous in growth period growing way, has no pest and disease damage, and the potato head after harvesting is big, no worm
Eye, rotten and rotten phenomenon, high-class product has reached 93.4%, per mu yield average out to 2549kg, compared to traditional cultivation skill
Art, per mu yield improve 28.64%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas described in the present embodiment 3, the following steps are included:
1. planting site select and processing: select percent sand for 45% soil；30cm is ploughed deeply into soil, then per acre into soil
It is sprinkled into charcoal 300kg, rice bran 300kg and sulphur 50kg, the liquor natrii hypochloritis that sprinkling mass concentration is 3% per acre later
120kg, biological carbon, rice bran have porosity, and loosing soil is porous convenient for water conservation moisturizing, and the sulphur and sodium hypochlorite of addition may be used also
To sterilize to soil sterilization, while sulphur and sodium hypochlorite can also maintain the faintly acid of soil, be conducive to the growth of potato, so
Soil is ploughed shallowly 15cm again afterwards, after leveling rake is thin, then carries out trench digging reason moisture in the soil on soil, the width of moisture in the soil is 1.2m, the height of moisture in the soil
Width for 30cm, dead furrow is 40cm, finally sprinkles the farmyard manure mixture of one layer of 5cm thickness in moisture surface again, and in farmyard manure
The brown sugar water that mass concentration is 10% is sprayed on mixture, is sprayed brown sugar water 150kg per acre, is later again mixed farmyard manure with soil
Close object covering completely, the farmyard manure mixture is to mix decomposed pig manure, cow dung and sheep dung according to the mass ratio of 1:2:5
Afterwards, then thereto the plant ash that addition accounts for 0.5 times of sheep dung adds the biogas slurry of 3 times of cow dungs after mixing evenly, is placed in 70 DEG C
At a temperature of ferment 3 days after, then by fermentation obtain mixture, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to 10:2:1 mass ratio mix
After farmyard manure mixture can be obtained；It, on the one hand can be effective to farmyard manure mixture and brown sugar water is applied in planting site before plantation
Raising planting site activity, getting fat soil provides organic matter abundant for the growth of potato, enhances the nutrition generation of potato
It thanks to ability, is on the other hand also able to maintain the loose and gas permeability of soil, avoids soil hardening, provided for the growth of potato tubers
Loose, fertile growing environment；
2. epiphragma: covering black film in the moisture surface 1. put in order through step, the width of black film is 1m, and black film bedding is in moisture surface
Afterwards, two sides of black film do not cover the bottom of moisture surface, allow black film side and bottom of trench distance controlling in 15cm, black film paving
After covering, then the both sides of the edge of black film are compact with soil, on the one hand heat can be reduced with the evaporation of moisture using black plastic mulching
And consume, it hinders surface layer air to exchange with the heat of soil, there is preferable moistening effect, can effectively improve ground temperature, from
And suitable temperature is provided for the germination of potato kind；It on the other hand is that both can effectively reduce fertilizer moisture after bedding black film
Effective consumption and weeding difficulty, and disease pest harm can be mitigated and reduce Pesticide use, while when black plastic mulching, not exclusively covered
Lid moisture surface, so that moisture surface is not easy ponding, at rainy season, the ponding of moisture surface can be arranged in time from the height that moisture surface two sides are reserved
Flood avoids moisture surface ponding, and when as dry such as moisture surface, the water in dead furrow can penetrate into moisture in the soil from the height that moisture surface two sides are reserved again
Face remains the ground moistening of moisture surface, achievees the effect that heat and moisture preserving, provides sufficient moisture for the germination of potato kind；
3. the processing of potato kind: select without it is damaged, without rot, without scar, nest is small, terminal bud is sturdy, surface is smooth, single size for
Potato kind is placed in 30~50min of seed soaking in seed-soaking liquid later as potato kind by the potato of 100g weight, forbids stirring potato during seed soaking
Kind, prevent potato kind excoriation；Seed-soaking liquid can effectively kill the germs and viruses of the carrying in potato kind, enhance potato kind biological enzyme
Activity effectively promotes the cellular metabolic activity of potato kind, promotes to sprout sprouting, keeps the fast emergence of its germination more, promotees its root of hair, effectively
Promotion root system Differentiation and increment, enhance absorption and utilization efficiency to nutrient, so that potato set is sturdy, increase battalion
The accumulation of substance is supported, promotes cauline leaf early to send out, and formula is scientific and reasonable for seed-soaking liquid, not only avoids agriculture caused by using pesticide
Medicine residue problem, and injury of the pesticide to potato kind is avoided, it has ensured the safety of drug-treated, has easily decomposed, noresidue, leaching
Potato kind is placed under sunlight to the 5h that basks seeds after kind to sow, it is preferable that the seed-soaking liquid includes the original of following parts by weight
Material: 2 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.8 part of cassia seeds polysaccharides, 1 part of Blackfungus polyhexose, 0.2 part of pueraria polysaccharide and 100 parts of water；
4. sowing: will be sowed through step 3. treated potato kind in the middle ten days and the last ten days in March, when sowing presses 20~25cm of spacing in the rows, row
Density away from 30~40cm beats implantation hole, and the depth of implantation hole is 10~15cm, is just put into potato kind while beating implantation hole
In implantation hole, then with fine earth the implantation hole in potato kind and black film is covered tightly, Gai Shi；
4. field management: after the emergence of potato kind, timely rupture of membranes is answered, in the seeding stage and growth period of potato kind, the Ying Jiaqiang prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
With carry out tillage and weeding, and impose and mention seed manure 1 time in potato Qi Miaohou, the seed manure that mentions is by humus, flyash and boiling
Mountain flour is by obtained after the mass ratio mixing of 1:0.3:0.2；The humus is by the raw material of following mass parts: stalk powder
After 100 parts, 30 parts of walnut fallen leaves, 100 parts of sheep dung and 2 parts of EM bacterium solution mix, stacking fermentation, the decomposed period control of stacking are carried out
Water content is 60%, and temperature is at 60 DEG C, and every turning in 20 days 1 time, fermenting 5 months after reaching decomposed state is humus, is chasing after
It applies when mentioning seed manure, will first mention seed manure and be placed on around potato seedling root, then cover one layer of fine earth on mentioning seed manure, chase after per acre
It applies and mentions seed manure 100kg；It imposes and mentions seed manure and can effectively promote the taking root of potato taro kind, lamina, be conducive to the quick of potato
Growth, promotes the storage of the photosynthesis and nutriment of potato；The growth fertilizer includes the raw material of following mass parts: urea
20 parts, 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10 parts of biogas slurry, 2 parts of the Chinese herbal medicine extract and 200 parts of water, the Chinese herbal medicine
It is 10 portions of salvia chinensis, 8 portions of caulis akebiaes, 15 parts of Herba Andrographitis, 8 portions of viola mandshuricas, 15 portions of Sculellaria barbatas, 10 parts of companies that extracting solution, which is by parts by weight,
It sticks up, after the mixing of 15 parts of root of kirilow rhodiola, 7 portions of Asiatic plantains, crushes, be placed in container, add the water that parts by weight are 100, soak seed 20min
Afterwards, it is 30% that heating, which is decocted to water content, and the Chinese herbal medicine extract can be obtained, and growth animated period imposes growth fertilizer 3 times, growth fertilizer
It was imposed every 10 days 1 time, growth fertilizer carries out in such a way that blade face and root spray, and the growth fertilizer imposed is with high potassium, phosphorous
Fertilizer based on, growth fertilizer can promote the development of potato reproductive organs and the aggregation of root nutrition substance, be conducive to improve
The yield of potato, and the potato planting period of crop-rotation can be conducive to extend by reasonably fertilising, avoid potato because even
Make obstacle bring low output, inferior phenomenon；
5. taking off film: in early June, should in time remove the black film being covered in moisture surface, the growth of potato tubers at this time is close
Latter stage removes black film by sunlight and irradiates moisture surface, allow antecedent soil moisture, convenient for excavation；
6. harvesting: withered in potato plant blade, stem lodged after a week, selected fine day excavation.
The implantation methods of above-described embodiment 3 are used to plant potato, the speed of germination and emergence in height above sea level for 2300~2800m kind
Degree is fast, and the plant after emergence is vigorous in growth period growing way, has no pest and disease damage, and the potato head after harvesting is big, no worm
Eye, rotten and rotten phenomenon, high-class product has reached 90.12%, per mu yield average out to 2225kg, compared to traditional cultivation skill
Art, per mu yield improve 22.74%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas, it is characterised in that, the following steps are included:
1. planting site select and processing: select percent sand for 30~45% soil；20~30cm is ploughed deeply into soil, then to soil
30~50kg of 200~300kg of charcoal, 200~300kg of rice bran and sulphur is sprinkled into ground per acre, sprinkling quality is dense per acre later
80~120kg of liquor natrii hypochloritis that degree is 2~3%, then again by 8~15cm of soil shallow plowing, after leveling rake is thin, then in soil
On carry out trench digging reason moisture in the soil, the width of moisture in the soil is 1.1~1.2m, and the height of moisture in the soil is 20~30cm, and the width of dead furrow is 30~40cm, most
Sprinkle the farmyard manure mixture of one layer of 3~5cm thickness in moisture surface again afterwards, and spraying mass concentration on farmyard manure mixture is 5
~10% brown sugar water sprays 100~150kg of brown sugar water per acre, is later again covered farmyard manure mixture completely with soil；
2. epiphragma: covering black film in the moisture surface 1. put in order through step, the width of black film is 1m, and black film bedding is in moisture surface
Afterwards, two sides of black film do not cover the bottom of moisture surface, allow black film side and bottom of trench distance controlling in 12~15cm, it is black
After film bedding is good, then the both sides of the edge of black film are compact with soil；
3. the processing of potato kind: select without it is damaged, without rot, without scar, nest is small, terminal bud is sturdy, surface is smooth, single size is 80
Potato kind is placed in 30~50min of seed soaking in seed-soaking liquid later, forbids stirring during seed soaking by the potato of~100g weight as potato kind
Potato kind prevents potato kind excoriation；Potato kind, which is placed under sunlight the 3~5h that basks seeds, after seed soaking to sow, the seed soaking
Liquid includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 1~2 part of magnesium chloride, 0.2~0.8 part of cassia seeds polysaccharides, 0.6~1 part of Blackfungus polyhexose,
0.1~0.2 part and 80~100 parts of water of pueraria polysaccharide；
4. sowing: will be sowed through step 3. treated potato kind in the middle ten days and the last ten days in March, when sowing presses 20~25cm of spacing in the rows, row
Density away from 30~40cm beats implantation hole, and the depth of implantation hole is 10~15cm, is just put into potato kind while beating implantation hole
In implantation hole, then with fine earth the implantation hole in potato kind and black film is covered tightly, Gai Shi；
4. field management: after the emergence of potato kind, timely rupture of membranes is answered, in the seeding stage and growth period of potato kind, the Ying Jiaqiang prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
With carry out tillage and weeding, and impose and mention seed manure 1 time in potato Qi Miaohou, growth animated period imposes growth fertilizer 2~3 times, growth
Fertilizer imposed 1 time every 7~10 days, and growth fertilizer carries out in such a way that blade face and root spray；
5. taking off film: in early June, should in time remove the black film being covered in moisture surface；
6. harvesting: withered in potato plant blade, stem lodged after a week, selected fine day excavation.
2. a kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
In 1., the farmyard manure mixture be by decomposed pig manure, cow dung and sheep dung according to 1:1~2:3~5 mass ratio mix after,
It is added thereto again and accounts for 0.2~0.5 times of sheep dung of plant ash and add the biogas slurry of 3 times of cow dungs after mixing evenly, it is placed in 60~
After fermenting 2~3 days at a temperature of 70 DEG C, then will fermentation obtain mixture, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to 5~10:1~
Farmyard manure mixture can be obtained after the mass ratio mixing of 2:1.
3. a kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
4. in, the seed manure that mentions is made after mixing humus, flyash and zeolite powder by the mass ratio of 1:0.2~0.3:0.1~0.2
?；The humus is by the raw material of following mass parts: 80~100 parts of stalk powder, walnut fallen leaves 20~30 parts, sheep dung 50
After~100 parts and 1~2 part of EM bacterium solution mix, stacking fermentation is carried out, the decomposed period control water content of stacking is 50~60%, temperature
At 50~60 DEG C, every turning in 15~20 days 1 time, fermenting 4~5 months is humus after reaching decomposed state；It is mentioned imposing
When seed manure, it will first mention seed manure and be placed on around potato seedling root, then cover one layer of fine earth on mentioning seed manure, impose mention per acre
60~100kg of seed manure.
4. a kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
4. in, the growth fertilizer includes the raw material of following mass parts: 10~20 parts of urea, 10~15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium superphosphate
20~25 parts, 5~10 parts of biogas slurry, 1~2 part of the Chinese herbal medicine extract and 150~200 parts of water.
5. a kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in described
It is 5~10 portions of salvia chinensis, 3~8 portions of caulis akebiaes, 10~15 parts of Herba Andrographitis, 4~8 parts of viola mandshuricas, 5 that herbal medicine extracting solution, which is by parts by weight,
After~15 portions of Sculellaria barbatas, 3~10 parts of Fructus Forsythiaes, 10~15 parts of root of kirilow rhodiola, 4~7 parts of Asiatic plantain mixing, crushes, be placed in container, then
The water that parts by weight are 80~100 is added, after the 15~20min that soaks seed, it is 20~30% that heating, which is decocted to water content, be can be obtained
Herbal medicine extracting solution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910798702.1A CN110352820A (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910798702.1A CN110352820A (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110352820A true CN110352820A (en) | 2019-10-22 |
Family
ID=68225407
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910798702.1A Pending CN110352820A (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110352820A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111937704A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-17 | 西昌学院 | Potato planting method for high-altitude areas |
| CN111937705A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-17 | 西昌学院 | High-yield planting method for potatoes |
| CN112154884A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-01 | 会泽顺磊农业开发有限公司 | Method for interplanting konjak under walnut forest |
| WO2021118426A1 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-17 | Perstorp Ab | Method for increasing the starch content in agricultural crops |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105917899A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 贵州省印江县依仁食品有限公司 | Method for planting potatoes |
| CN108849357A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-23 | 朱修伍 | A kind of cultural method of high-quality sweet potato |
| CN109076910A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-25 | 云南宝成魔芋科技开发有限公司 | A kind of konjaku high yield cultivating method covering mulch |
| CN109349044A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-19 | 罗泽源 | The implantation methods of cassava |
-
2019
- 2019-08-27 CN CN201910798702.1A patent/CN110352820A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105917899A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 贵州省印江县依仁食品有限公司 | Method for planting potatoes |
| CN108849357A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-23 | 朱修伍 | A kind of cultural method of high-quality sweet potato |
| CN109076910A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-25 | 云南宝成魔芋科技开发有限公司 | A kind of konjaku high yield cultivating method covering mulch |
| CN109349044A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-19 | 罗泽源 | The implantation methods of cassava |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘树凤: "寒地马铃薯覆膜高产栽培技术 ", 《现代农业科技》 * |
| 杨琴珍: "马铃薯全膜双垄沟播高产高效栽培技术 ", 《发展》 * |
| 洪海波: "在干旱山区推广全膜马铃薯增产机理分析与栽培要点 ", 《陕西农业科学》 * |
| 赵彪等: "大理州春马铃薯抗旱栽培技术 ", 《云南农业科技》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021118426A1 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-17 | Perstorp Ab | Method for increasing the starch content in agricultural crops |
| CN111937704A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-17 | 西昌学院 | Potato planting method for high-altitude areas |
| CN111937705A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-17 | 西昌学院 | High-yield planting method for potatoes |
| CN111937704B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-01-25 | 西昌学院 | Potato planting method for high-altitude areas |
| CN112154884A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-01 | 会泽顺磊农业开发有限公司 | Method for interplanting konjak under walnut forest |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103283549B (en) | Cultivation method of pollution-free high-quality selenium-zinc rice | |
| CN105850690A (en) | Dendrobium officinale culture medium | |
| CN103988685A (en) | High-yield culture technology of selenium-enriched peanuts | |
| CN101176407A (en) | Artificial cultivation technique for black fruit medlar in alkaline land | |
| CN105104044A (en) | Planting method for organic rice in mountainous area | |
| CN105340554A (en) | Planting method of Chinese wolfberries | |
| CN110352820A (en) | A kind of drought-enduring implantation methods of Potato in High Altitude Areas | |
| CN107750874A (en) | A kind of beet increases sugared high yield green planting method | |
| CN104620814A (en) | High-yield cultivation method for large selenium-rich peanuts | |
| CN106376266A (en) | Improving method for saline-alkali soil | |
| CN106134685A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of the Rhizoma Pinelliae | |
| CN107231903A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of good quality wheat | |
| CN106857168A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of longan | |
| CN102893739B (en) | Millet method for culturing and transplanting seedlings | |
| CN107509570A (en) | A kind of ecology planting method suitable for northern area rice quantitative selenium-rich | |
| CN107593407A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree | |
| CN107821074A (en) | A kind of implantation methods for shortening leek breeding time | |
| CN106631273A (en) | Inter-planting method of haw and straw mushroom | |
| CN106508347A (en) | Method for cultivation of angelica sinensis | |
| CN102771290A (en) | Planting technology of ''Heijingang'' potato with high quality, yield and efficiency | |
| CN106995320A (en) | Modified form partile cyanamid prevents and treats the method and purposes of tomato blossom-end rot and dehiscent fruit | |
| CN108990734A (en) | A kind of selenium-rich Chinese yam cultivation method | |
| CN108293733B (en) | Nutrient-rich quality rice planting mode and method | |
| CN107580997A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich rice | |
| CN102177779A (en) | Method for purifying wild ginseng seeds |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20191022 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |