CN102487770A - Rice ridge culture salt-avoiding water-saving planting method of severe soda saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Rice ridge culture salt-avoiding water-saving planting method of severe soda saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487770A CN102487770A CN201110413732XA CN201110413732A CN102487770A CN 102487770 A CN102487770 A CN 102487770A CN 201110413732X A CN201110413732X A CN 201110413732XA CN 201110413732 A CN201110413732 A CN 201110413732A CN 102487770 A CN102487770 A CN 102487770A
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Abstract
The invention provides a rice ridge culture salt-avoiding water-saving planting method of severe soda saline-alkali soil. The characteristic that pH value and EC of the position of a ridge waist of a severe soda saline-alkali area are the lowest is utilized, rice seedlings are transplanted at the position of the ridge waist, damage of salt to rice root systems is avoided, and the environment suitable for normal growth of rice is created. The rice ridge culture salt-avoiding water-saving planting method of the severe soda saline-alkali soil solves the problems that the rice planting survival rate of the severe soda saline-alkali soil is low, growth of the rice is subjected to saline and alkaline limitation, and the like. The rice ridge culture salt-avoiding water-saving planting method of the severe soda saline-alkali soil is low in cost, reduces harrowing measures, improves soil, increases ground temperature, expands effective ploughing area, and is of great importance for increasing rice yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides a kind of ridge culture paddy rice method, especially discloses a kind of severe soda alkaline land paddy rice ridge culture salt water-saving planting method of hiding, and belongs to the proportion of crop planting technical field.
Background technology
The landlocked soda alkaline land area of China occupies the third place in the world, and wherein the western soda alkaline land area of song-Nen plain has just reached 373 hm
2Soda alkaline land soil is strong basicity reaction, during salt is grouped into soda (NaHCO
3With Na
2CO
3) be main, soil characteristics is different from the neutral solonchak in strand, and pH is many more than 8.5, heavy salinized ground soil pH; 9.5, saturation extract electrical conductivity ECe>10dS/m, sodium matter basicity ESP>50%.In severe soda alkaline land district, there is large stretch of saline-alkali wasteland to distribute, can't plant the not paddy rice of salt tolerant alkali.In the western soda alkaline land of song-Nen plain district, traditional paddy rice plantation is to plant with the flat mode of doing.The subject matter that this planting patterns exists on the severe soda alkaline land has:
1, soil salt spatially is evenly distributed, and saline and alkaline degree is high, all receives high-intensity salt alkaline stress to each growth and development stage behind the rice transplanting;
2, the soaked field desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching needs a large amount of irrigation waters, the local desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, and evaporate brine in the part;
3, flatly do paddy rice and be in the waterflooding anaerobic environment for a long time, be unfavorable for rice tillering and grow;
4, heavy salinized ground permeability is poor, and the flat ground temperature of doing under the long-term waterflooding is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of severe soda alkaline land paddy rice ridge culture salt water-saving planting method of hiding, and has solved the low problem of soda alkaline land district paddy rice plantation survival rate.
The open severe soda alkaline land paddy rice ridge culture of the present invention salt water-saving planting method technical solution of hiding may further comprise the steps:
1) add desulfurated plaster:
Be sprinkled into desulfurated plaster uniformly to the field face, per hectare applies 15000～30000 kg;
2) execute farmyard manure:
In farmyard manure, evenly admix the anti-medicine water enemy (25% fentin acetate wetting powder) who dewaters continuous by 10000:1 ~ 2 weight portions, per hectare applies 1.62～1.9 kg; It evenly is sprinkled into the field;
3) plough:
Carry out rotary tillage soil-working with rotovator, rotary tillage degree of depth 20cm makes desulfurated plaster, farmyard manure fully mix with soil;
4) build the ridge:
Machinery is built the ridge; High 30～45 cm in ridge, row spacing 50～65 cm, wide 20～30 cm of ridge platform;
5) soaked field and draining:
Built the soaked field of pouring water behind the ridge, water irrigating depth flushes with the ridge waist, can not have the ridge platform; Behind the soaked field 1 day, carry out draining; Soaked field-draining circulates 3 times;
6) rice transplanting:
After soaked field and draining processing, to pour water again, the height of pouring water flushes with the ridge waist, can not have the ridge platform; Irritated the waist position rice transplanting on the ridge behind the water; 4～8 strains of every cave, paddy rice seedling age 35～40 days; The cave distance is 10～15 cm.
Through experiment show the present invention make the paddy rice survival rate improved 70%-85%, saline and alkaline reduced 40%-50%, water saving 40%-60%, temperature rise 3-6 ℃, have resistant to lodging, be prone to tiller, well developed root system, advantages such as water saving stable yields.The present invention has increased the permeability of soil, has improved light, heat, water condition and the microbial activities environment of soil.It is a suitable severe soda alkaline land district paddy rice growing and cultivation technology.
Good effect of the present invention is:Utilizing waist position, the ridge pH value and the EC in severe soda alkaline land district is minimum characteristics, and the murder by poisoning of salinity to rice root hidden in ridge waist position rice transplanting, createed the environment of suitable paddy rice normal growth.It is low to have solved severe soda alkaline land paddy rice plantation survival rate, and growth receives the problem of saline and alkaline inhibition etc.Have cost relatively low, reduce the measure of raking the soil level, improve the soil, increase ground temperature, enlarge effective arable area, increase the significance of rice yield.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map on ridge culture paddy rice ridge; Wherein, 1, furrow; 2, ridge platform; 3, ridge waist;
Fig. 2 changes for the pH of ridge culture paddy rice at the diverse location soil saturation mud on the different times ridge of growth;
Fig. 3 changes for the EC of ridge culture paddy rice at the diverse location soil saturation mud on the different times ridge of growth.
Embodiment:
Experimental example 1
The ridge culture of the present invention salt solution seed rice method for planting of hiding.Referring to Fig. 1 the saline and alkaline degree of the diverse location (furrow 1, ridge platform 2, ridge waist 3) on ridge is changed the research that experimentizes; Experimental period and place: on May 20th, 2011; On the saline and alkaline grassy marshland of soda of ecological experiment station, the big peace alkali ground of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; After fertilising, rotary tillage, Jian Long, soaked field, draining and rice transplanting,, the diverse location (furrow 1, ridge platform 2, ridge waist 3) on ridge is carried out original position fetch earth at the different vegetative stages of paddy rice; The degree of depth that fetches earth is 10 cm, thereby detects the pH and the electrical conductivity (EC) of saturated mud.The saline and alkaline variation of the diverse location on research ridge.Experimental result is seen Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and the result shows: find through ridge culture experiment, on the different vegetative stages ridge of paddy rice the pH value of platform and EC (electrical conductivity) be the highest (pH>10.5; ECe>15) secondly be furrow (9.5 < pH < 10.5; 4 < ECe < 15).And the pH value of waist position, ridge and EC are minimum (8 < pH < 9.5; 1 < ECe < 4).Because in arid soda alkaline land district short of rain, along with the evaporation of paddy field moisture and the capillarity of soil, the salinity in the soil is moved up, the salt submeter takes place gather phenomenon, so the saline and alkaline degree of ridge platform is the highest.And the salinity in the waist of ridge perhaps moves down with water in the water and get into along with the decline of the water surface, so the saline and alkaline degree of ridge waist is minimum.Thereby, createed the environment of suitable paddy rice normal growth if hidden the murder by poisoning of salinity to the paddy rice kind in the waist position on the ridge to rice root.
Ridge culture paddy rice of the present invention is 8.5<pH<9.5, electrical conductivity 8<eCe<carry out the ridge culture rice test on the severe soda alkaline land of 15 dS/>m, totally 3 of experimental plots, each sub-district area is 200 m<sup >2</sup>Time and place: on May 20th, 2011, on the saline and alkaline grassy marshland of soda of ecological experiment station, the big peace alkali ground of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Test procedure is following:
1) add desulfurated plaster:
On the severe soda alkaline land, be sprinkled into desulfurated plaster, 400 kg desulfurated plasters are executed in every sub-district.
2) execute farmyard manure:
In farmyard manure, evenly admix the anti-medicine water enemy (25% fentin acetate wetting powder) who dewaters continuous, every sub-district applies 24 g.The farmyard manure of having executed medicine evenly is sprinkled in the experimental plot.
3) plough:
Carry out rotary tillage soil-working with rotovator, the rotary tillage degree of depth 20 cm.
4) build the ridge:
Machinery is built the ridge.High 30 cm in ridge, row spacing 55 cm.Wide 25 cm of ridge platform
5) soaked field and draining:
Built the soaked field of pouring water behind the ridge, water irrigating depth flushes with the ridge waist.Behind the soaked field 1 day, carry out draining.Soaked field-draining circulates 3 times.
6) rice transplanting:
After soaked field-draining processing, to pour water again, the height of pouring water flushes with the ridge waist.Begin rice transplanting after having irritated water, rice shoot is inserted in waist position, ridge.4～8 strains of every cave, the cave distance is 12 cm.Paddy rice seedling age 35～40 days, rice varieties are eastern rice No. 4.
Study paddy rice survival rate, tillering capacity and the output of different vegetative stages by inquiry and find that ridge culture rice seedling survival rate has surpassed 94%, tillering capacity surpasses 97%, and maturation output harvest time is at 9800 kg/hm
2～12000 kg/hm
2
Ridge culture paddy rice of the present invention is 9.5<pH<10.5, electrical conductivity 15<eCe<carry out the ridge culture rice test on the severe soda alkaline land of 20 dS/>m, totally 3 of experimental plots, each sub-district area is 200 m<sup >2</sup>Time and place: on May 20th, 2011, on the saline and alkaline grassy marshland of soda of ecological experiment station, the big peace alkali ground of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Test procedure is through adding desulfurated plaster, apply farmyard manure, ploughing, build farming processing such as ridge, soaked field and draining, rice transplanting.
Paddy rice survival rate, tillering capacity and output through the different vegetative stages of investigation find that ridge culture rice seedling survival rate has surpassed 91%, and tillering capacity surpasses 93%, and maturation output harvest time is at 9500 kg/hm
2～10500 kg/hm
2
Ridge culture paddy rice of the present invention is at pH>10.5, electrical conductivity ECe>Carry out the ridge culture rice test on the utmost point severe soda alkaline land of 20 dS/m, totally 3 of experimental plots, each sub-district area is 200 m
2Time and place: on May 20th, 2011, on the saline and alkaline grassy marshland of soda of ecological experiment station, the big peace alkali ground of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Test procedure is through adding desulfurated plaster, apply farmyard manure, ploughing, build farming processing such as ridge, soaked field and draining, rice transplanting.
Investigate paddy rice survival rate, tillering capacity and the output of different vegetative stages and find that ridge culture rice seedling survival rate has surpassed 88%, tillering capacity surpasses 89%, and maturation output harvest time is at 9250 kg/hm
2～9850 kg/hm
2
Claims (1)
1. the severe soda alkaline land paddy rice ridge culture salt water-saving planting method of hiding may further comprise the steps:
1) add desulfurated plaster:
Be sprinkled into desulfurated plaster uniformly to the field face, per hectare applies 15000～30000 kg;
2) execute farmyard manure:
In farmyard manure, evenly admix the anti-medicine water enemy (25% fentin acetate wetting powder) who dewaters continuous by 10000:1 ~ 2 weight portions, per hectare applies 1.62～1.9 kg; It evenly is sprinkled into the field;
3) plough:
Carry out rotary tillage soil-working with rotovator, rotary tillage degree of depth 20cm makes desulfurated plaster, farmyard manure fully mix with soil;
4) build the ridge:
Machinery is built the ridge; High 30～45 cm in ridge, row spacing 50～65 cm, wide 20～30 cm of ridge platform;
5) soaked field and draining:
Built the soaked field of pouring water behind the ridge, water irrigating depth flushes with the ridge waist, can not have the ridge platform; Behind the soaked field 1 day, carry out draining; Soaked field-draining circulates 3 times;
6) rice transplanting:
After soaked field and draining processing, to pour water again, the height of pouring water flushes with the ridge waist, can not have the ridge platform; Irritated the waist position rice transplanting on the ridge behind the water; 4～8 strains of every cave, paddy rice seedling age 35～40 days; The cave distance is 10～15 cm.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102919090A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-02-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | One-hole multi-plants close planting method for saline-alkali soil rice |
| CN103125237A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-06-05 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Three-increasing comprehensive planting method of recarburization, oxygenation and resistance-increasing of soda saline-alkaline paddy rice |
| CN103283338A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-09-11 | 张维 | Method for planting paddy rice on saline-alkali soil |
| CN103891449A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapidly constructing soda salinized dry farmland |
| CN105038803A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Carbonate type saline-alkali land soil conditioner and application thereof to pennisetum sinese planting |
| CN105028074A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-11 | 山东省水稻研究所 | Rice mechanical dry direct sowing culture method for yellow river delta saline-alkali soil |
| CN105144893A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-16 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Irrigation and drainage method for improving soda alkali-saline paddy field in field steeping period |
| CN107896542A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The modification method of fast lifting salt-soda soil paddy field soil organic matter |
| CN107926449A (en) * | 2017-12-10 | 2018-04-20 | 刘占贵 | Play the technology of high ridge plantation lycium ruthenicum in a kind of salt-soda soil |
| CN109275524A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-29 | 吉林农业大学 | It is a kind of to improve Sodic salinization paddy field Adverse Resistance Cultivation method using charcoal |
| CN109601096A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-12 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of fertilizing method of rice in saline-alkali field |
| CN110558179A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-13 | 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 | Method for planting rice in coastal saline-alkali soil |
| CN110771295A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-11 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for extreme saline-alkali soil |
| CN112205248A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-01-12 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Low-humidity saline-alkali area ryegrass planting method |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102919090A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-02-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | One-hole multi-plants close planting method for saline-alkali soil rice |
| CN103125237A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-06-05 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Three-increasing comprehensive planting method of recarburization, oxygenation and resistance-increasing of soda saline-alkaline paddy rice |
| CN103283338A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-09-11 | 张维 | Method for planting paddy rice on saline-alkali soil |
| CN103283338B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2016-08-24 | 张维 | A kind of method of salt-soda soil rice cultivation |
| CN103891449B (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-01-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method of soda salinized soil rapid build |
| CN103891449A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapidly constructing soda salinized dry farmland |
| CN105038803A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Carbonate type saline-alkali land soil conditioner and application thereof to pennisetum sinese planting |
| CN105028074A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-11 | 山东省水稻研究所 | Rice mechanical dry direct sowing culture method for yellow river delta saline-alkali soil |
| CN105144893A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-16 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Irrigation and drainage method for improving soda alkali-saline paddy field in field steeping period |
| CN105144893B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-12-26 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of soaked field phase for improveing soda alkaline land paddy field fills water discharge method |
| CN107896542A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The modification method of fast lifting salt-soda soil paddy field soil organic matter |
| CN107926449A (en) * | 2017-12-10 | 2018-04-20 | 刘占贵 | Play the technology of high ridge plantation lycium ruthenicum in a kind of salt-soda soil |
| CN109275524A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-29 | 吉林农业大学 | It is a kind of to improve Sodic salinization paddy field Adverse Resistance Cultivation method using charcoal |
| CN109601096A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-12 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of fertilizing method of rice in saline-alkali field |
| CN110558179A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-13 | 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 | Method for planting rice in coastal saline-alkali soil |
| CN110771295A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-11 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for extreme saline-alkali soil |
| CN112205248A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-01-12 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Low-humidity saline-alkali area ryegrass planting method |
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