CN102893786B - Paddy-upland rotation culture method for strawberries and water chestnuts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for water and dry rotation of strawberry water chestnut to eliminate crop continuous cropping obstacles. In the first ten days of March, use a sun-warmed greenhouse covered with plastic film, build stalks around, use organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer, and plow and level the water to form a shallow water chestnut nursery pool; harvest strawberries and plow and level the fields , forming a flat border; shallow water water chestnuts are generally planted about 45 days after sowing, transplanted to the arranged strawberry plots, and inserted into the soil for planting; harvest water chestnut stems and water chestnuts, and apply organic fertilizer after harvesting Or the fermented farmyard manure is used as the base fertilizer, plowed and ridged, transplanted strawberry seedlings, managed in the normal field, and harvested strawberries. Taking the protected strawberry as the main part of agricultural production, planting water chestnut as a supplement, to realize the rotation of water and drought, on the one hand, to delay or eliminate the obstacles of continuous cropping such as soil acidification, salinization, nutrient imbalance, and serious soil-borne diseases and insect pests caused by the continuous planting of strawberries in the protected strawberry block. On the other hand, it improves the utilization rate and enriches the consumer's vegetable basket, further improving the efficiency of agricultural production.

Description

A kind of water and dry rotation cultivation method of strawberry water chestnut

technical field

The invention relates to a cultivation method, in particular to a method for cultivating strawberry water chestnut in water and dry rotation.

Background technique

Strawberry has high economic benefits and strong market competitiveness, and occupies an important position in the facility planting industry. With the industrialization, specialization and large-scale development of facility strawberry production, it has become a pillar industry in Jiangsu Donghai Huangchuan, Jurong Baitu, Lishui Fujiabian and other regions. Due to the high cost of moving strawberry facilities, the long annual production and use period, and the limited cultivated land, the continuous cropping phenomenon of facilities is very common, which leads to the widespread occurrence of continuous cropping obstacles such as soil salinization, acidification, nutritional imbalance, and aggravation of pests and diseases. The main manifestations are serious soil-borne diseases such as blight and Verticillium wilt, growth is inhibited, plant growth is stunted, the mortality rate is as high as 30%, and the yield is reduced by 20%-50%, causing huge losses to strawberry production. Continuous cropping obstacles have seriously threatened the sustainable development of strawberry production in facilities, directly affecting the yield and benefit of strawberry, and become a bottleneck problem restricting the sustainable development of strawberry production in some areas. How to effectively and comprehensively prevent continuous cropping obstacles such as soil salinization, acidification, nutrient imbalance, and pests and diseases, improve production conditions, and ensure sustainable development of strawberry production in facilities has become increasingly urgent.

At present, there are several methods to prevent and control strawberry continuous cropping obstacles in production: crop rotation, stubble inversion, soil replacement (foreign soil), selection of disease-resistant varieties and chemical or biological methods such as methyl bromide for soil disinfection. The cultivated land in professional strawberry planting areas is tight, and there is basically no land to fall; the workload of soil replacement is very large, and it is not conducive to the improvement of soil fertility; it is very difficult to breed multi-resistant disease-resistant varieties; methyl bromide has a good disinfection effect, but it is extremely toxic. It is easy to cause human and animal casualties, and causes serious pollution to the environment. Since January 1, 2001, the production and use of biological agents have been banned internationally; biological agents are greatly affected by the environment and climate, and the use technology is high, so the effect is difficult to control.

The paddy and dry crop rotation is an ecological and efficient cultivation system formed by the working people of our country in the long-term practice. Wu Yuguang et al. (2005) believed that the rotation of vegetables and paddy field crops is the most economical and effective way to improve continuous cropping obstacles. At present, strawberries are mostly used in rotation with "grass-ripened rice". Liu Ying (2009), Li Shifeng (2010) and others published articles successively, reporting the high-efficiency cultivation technology of "strawberry-rice". He Shengmi (2005) and others used Aquatic substitute rice such as Yingqi and Sagittarius, which have a long growth period, is used to carry out flood-dry rotation cropping in facility vegetable bases, and the economic benefits have been significantly improved. However, if strawberry and rice are used for crop rotation, on the one hand, the benefit of rice is relatively low, and on the other hand, it will affect the early planting of strawberry in the facility, thereby affecting the early yield of strawberry and further affecting economic benefits.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the invention discloses a method for cultivating strawberry water chestnut in water and dry rotation.

The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in this way, a cultivation method for eliminating crop continuous cropping obstacles by paddy and dry rotation of strawberry water chestnut, the cultivation method comprises the following implementation steps;

Step 1: Combining the characteristics of strawberry varieties, planting is carried out from the end of August to mid-September of that year, so that the strawberries can be harvested from around the end of December of that year to the beginning of May of the following year; the strawberry plants are removed in time, and the fields are plowed and leveled , form a flat furrow, build ridges in the middle and around, and the surrounding ridges are about 30 cm higher than the surface of the flat furrow;

Step 2: Begin germination and seedling cultivation of water chestnut in early March of the following year. Use a sun-warmed greenhouse covered with plastic film, build stems around, use organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, and use water to plow and level it to form 0.3 to 0.4 higher than the surface of the flat border. Seedling ponds with a depth of one meter; shallow water water chestnuts are generally planted about 45 days after sowing, and 2 to 3 seedlings are tied into a bunch for later use, and then transplanted to the arranged strawberry plots with a row spacing of 0.6 to 0.8 meters and equal holes At a distance of 0.6-0.8 meters, transplant 2-3 plants per hole, insert them into the soil for planting, and then irrigate to maintain a water level of 10-25cm;

Step 3: Harvest water chestnut stalks and water chestnuts until early and mid-August of the following year. After harvesting water chestnuts, apply organic fertilizer or fermented farmyard manure as base fertilizer, plow and raise ridges, and prepare for strawberry planting and production this year.

Further, the fields are plowed and leveled to form flat furrows in the shape of an inverted "Yue".

Further, the water depth of the nursery pool is generally kept at 10-20 cm, and the seeds are sown in a full-box manner, and the amount of seeds used per 667 square meters is 80-100 kg.

Further, the colonization method that this cultivation method adopts is:

Selection and planting of fine varieties: It is advisable to choose varieties with early flower bud differentiation, cold resistance, high yield, and good quality. Strawberry has strong self-flowering ability, and one or two other pollinated varieties can be used to increase yield;

Fertilization and furrowing: After harvesting water chestnut, combine 2000kg-3000kg of decomposed high-quality farmyard manure per acre of plowed soil, 30kg-40kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertility (5:5:2.5), and 40kg of superphosphate. After plowing, artificial or machine ditching and furrowing, the height of the furrow is 20cm-30cm, the width of the furrow is 60cm-80cm, and the width of the furrow is 30cm-40cm;

Selection of production seedlings: select the stolon seedlings that are bred by virus-free robust plants as the mother plant with well-developed root system and new stem thickness of 0.7 or more as the production seedlings of the year;

Seedling transplanting: Strawberry flower buds are at the beginning of differentiation, usually from the end of August to mid-September; in order to promote slow seedlings, transplanting is carried out on cloudy days, and they are planted as they are picked up. During transportation, pay attention to ventilation and heat dissipation, anti-extrusion, and anti-exposure; plant 2 rows per border, and determine the planting density as 6,000 to 8,000 plants per mu according to the size of the seedlings, and the planting distance is 20cm; when planting, make the root system fully stretch in the planting hole , the planting depth should be slightly higher than the soil surface after the filling soil is watered and solid; pay attention to directional planting, that is, the curved convex surface of the rhizome is facing the furrow side; water in time after transplanting to promote soil solidification, Speed up the living of strawberries; generally, 2-3 days after planting, pour small water 1-2 times a day in the morning and evening, and then change to watering once every 2-3 days, furrow irrigation to replenish water, the water does not go to the border, and it will dry naturally to maintain the soil. humidity.

Further, the field management method that this cultivation method adopts is:

Plastic film covering: choose black plastic film or black and white two-layer film, and determine the film laying time according to the growth status of the plant and the temperature, generally around October 20, immediately break the film and lift the seedlings after spreading the film; before starting to keep warm, fix both ends of the plastic film On the shoulder of the car; after the heat preservation starts, put down the plastic film to cover the car ditch and cover the whole garden;

Topdressing: before laying plastic film, topdress 8 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per mu, with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratio of 15:10:15; the first batch of fruit expansion period and the initial harvesting period, and the subsequent batches of fruit expansion period are topdressed separately , 10kg of nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer per mu; in addition to root topdressing, fertilizer applicators should be used in conjunction with irrigation;

Water management: Use micro-irrigation or irrigation under the plastic film to replenish water; usually after the plastic film is covered, irrigate every 7d-10d, irrigate with a 0.75kw water pump per mu, and irrigate for 1h-2h each time. water drop phenomenon;

Temperature management: when the average temperature is around 16°C, start to cover the shed film for heat preservation, usually from late October to early November; when the outside temperature is about to drop to 0°C, cover it with a small shed or a medium shed in time to implement double heat preservation; when the temperature drops further , and then cover the shed with other insulation materials, such as straw curtains and non-woven fabrics; when the temperature in the shed exceeds the required temperature, the shed film should be lifted in time to ventilate and cool down;

Humidity control in the facility greenhouse: adjust the humidity in the facility by removing the cover film; in the initial stage of heat preservation, the humidity in the shed should be controlled at 85%-90%; during the flowering period, the humidity in the shed should be controlled at about 40%; the fruit will expand and mature During the period, the humidity can be controlled at 60%-70%;

Plant and flower and fruit management: Remove dead leaves, old leaves, stolons and shortened stem lateral branches in time; put bees in 5-6 days before flowering, and put a beehive on 0.5 mu of land; avoid spraying during bee release , it is necessary to move the beehives out of the shed before spraying, and move the beehives into the shed one week after spraying; flower thinning can be carried out throughout the flowering period, and fruit thinning should be carried out when young fruits begin to expand, and high-grade flowers and flowers should be removed in time. For high-grade secondary fruits, deformed fruits and fruits with diseases and insect pests should be thinned out during the growth period;

Pest control: In accordance with the policy of "prevention first, comprehensive control", focus on killing pathogenic bacteria and insects, based on agricultural control, and supplemented by chemical control; strawberry diseases mainly include: viral diseases, anthrax disease, powdery mildew, gray mold, snake eye, ring spot, and verticillium wilt; pests mainly include: spider mites, scarabs, aphids, and Spodoptera litura; when using chemical agents for control, attention should be paid to the use of agents and the safety interval Expect;

Strawberry Harvesting: According to different harvesting seasons, different harvesting maturity is determined. From December to mid-February, it is advisable to harvest at nine maturity, from March to April at eighth maturity, and in May at seven maturity; Fruit maturity is determined according to the degree of coloring of the fruit surface. When the coloration of the fruit surface reaches 70%, 80%, and 90%, it is respectively seven, eight, and nine ripe.

Further, ensure that the temperature in the shed is not lower than 5°C. The specific heat preservation requirements for each growth period are as follows: initial stage of heat preservation: 28°C-30°C during the day, 12°C-15°C at night; when buds appear: 25°C-28°C during the day, 10°C-15°C, flowering period: 23°C-25°C during the day, 8°C-10°C at night; fruit expansion and ripening period: 20°C-25°C during the day, 6°C-8°C at night.

The invention discloses a water-dry crop rotation cultivation method for strawberry water chestnut, which can not only delay or eliminate continuous cropping obstacles such as soil acidification, salinization, nutrient imbalance, and serious land-borne diseases and insect pests caused by consecutive years of strawberry planting in facility strawberry plots, but also improve the Land utilization rate, economic benefits increase.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a cultivation method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of strawberry water chestnut provided by an embodiment of the present invention in paddy and dry rotation.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

Step 1: Combining the characteristics of strawberry varieties, planting is carried out from the end of August to mid-September of that year, and flower and fruit management, fertilizer and water regulation, and pest and disease control are carried out in accordance with the basic requirements of facility strawberry cultivation. At the end of early May, the strawberry plants were removed in time, and the field was plowed and leveled to form an inverted "day"-shaped flat furrow, with ridges built in the middle and around, and the surrounding ridges were about 30 cm higher than the surface of the flat furrow.

Step 2: In the first ten days of March of the following year, start germination and raise seedlings. Use a sun-warmed greenhouse covered with plastic film to build stalks around, use organic fertilizers as base fertilizers, and use water to plow and level them to form 0.3 to 0.4 meters deeper than the surface of the flat bed. nursery pond. The water depth of the nursery pool is generally kept at 10-20cm, and the seeds are sown in a full-box manner, and the amount of seeds per 667 square meters is 80-100 kg. Shallow water water chestnut is generally planted about 45 days after sowing, tie 2 to 3 seedlings into a bunch for later use, and transplant them to the arranged strawberry plots with a row spacing of 0.6 to 0.8 meters and an equal hole spacing of 0.6 to 0.8 meters. Transplant 2 to 3 plants per hole and insert them into the soil for planting. Then irrigate to maintain a water level of 10-25cm;

Step 3: Harvest water chestnut stalks and water chestnuts until early and mid-August of the following year. After harvesting water chestnuts, apply organic fertilizer or fermented farmyard manure as base fertilizer, plow and raise ridges, and prepare for strawberry planting and production this year.

The specific implementation scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

(1) Colonization

1. Selection and planting of good varieties

It is advisable to choose varieties with early flower bud differentiation, cold resistance, high yield and good quality. Strawberries are strong self-flowering plants, pair with one or two other pollinated varieties to increase yields.

2. Fertilization and furrowing

After the water chestnut is harvested, 2000kg-3000kg of high-quality farmyard manure, 30kg-40kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertility (5:5:2.5) and 40kg of superphosphate are combined with plowed soil per mu. After plowing, ditching is done manually or by machine. The height of the furrow is 20cm-30cm, the width of the furrow is 60cm-80cm, and the width of the furrow is 30cm-40cm.

3. Selection of production seedlings

Select the stolon seedlings that have a well-developed root system and a new stem thickness of more than 0.7 that are bred by the virus-free robust plants as the mother plant as the current production seedlings.

4. Seedling transplanting

Strawberry seedlings are transplanted at the initial stage of flower bud differentiation (generally from the end of August to mid-September). In order to promote slow seedlings, transplanting and selection are carried out on cloudy days, and they are planted as they are picked up and transported. During transportation, pay attention to ventilation and heat dissipation, anti-extrusion and anti-exposure.

Plant 2 rows per plot, and determine the planting density at 6,000 to 8,000 plants per mu according to the size of the seedlings, with a plant spacing of 20 cm. When planting, the root system should be fully extended in the planting hole, and the planting depth should be slightly higher than the soil surface after the filling soil is watered and solidified. Pay attention to directional planting, that is, the curved convex surface of the rhizome is facing the furrow side.

Water in time after transplanting to promote soil compaction and speed up the growth of strawberries. Generally, 2-3 days after planting, small water is poured 1-2 times a day in the morning and evening, and then it is changed to water once every 2-3 days, and furrow irrigation is used to replenish water.

(2) Field management

1. Mulching

Choose black plastic film or black and white two-layer film. According to the growth status of the plant and the temperature, determine the filming time, usually around October 20. Immediately after the film is laid, the film is broken and the seedlings are lifted; before the heat preservation is started, both ends of the plastic film are fixed on the shoulders Above; after the heat preservation starts, put down the plastic film to cover the ditch and cover the whole garden.

2. Topdressing

Before laying the plastic film, topdress 8 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (15:10:15) per mu; topdress the first batch of fruit expansion period and early harvesting period, and each subsequent batch of fruit expansion period, and apply nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer per mu (15:10:15) 10kg. In addition to topdressing the roots, a fertilizer applicator should be used, combined with irrigation.

3. Moisture management

Use micro-irrigation or irrigation under plastic film to replenish water. Usually, water is irrigated every 7d-10d after mulching with plastic film, with 0.75kw water pump per mu for 1h-2h each time, and water droplets are observed on the edges of strawberry leaves in the next morning.

4. Temperature management

When the average temperature is around 16°C, the greenhouse film insulation begins, usually from late October to early November. When the outside temperature is about to drop to 0°C, cover it with a small shed or a medium shed in time to implement double insulation. When the temperature drops further, cover the shed with other insulation materials, such as grass curtains and non-woven fabrics. When the temperature in the shed exceeds the required temperature, the shed film should be lifted in time to ventilate and cool down.

Try to ensure that the temperature in the shed is not lower than 5°C. The specific heat preservation requirements for each growth period are as follows: initial heat preservation: 28°C-30°C during the day, 12°C-15°C at night; when buds appear: 25°C-28°C during the day, 10°C at night. ℃-15℃, flowering period: 23℃-25℃ during the day, 8℃-10℃ at night; fruit expansion and ripening period: 20℃-25℃ during the day, 6℃-8℃ at night.

5. Humidity control in the facility greenhouse

Adjust the humidity in the facility by removing the film cover. In the early stage of heat preservation, the humidity in the shed should be controlled at 85%-90%; during the flowering period, the humidity in the shed should be controlled at about 40%; during the fruit expansion and ripening period, the humidity in the shed can be controlled at 60%-70%.

6. Plant and flower fruit management

Remove dead leaves, old leaves, stolons and lateral branches of shortened stems in time. Put the bees in 5-6 days before flowering, and it is advisable to put a beehive in 0.5 mu of land. Do not spray pesticides during bee release. You need to move the beehives outside the shed before spraying, and move the beehives into the shed one week after spraying. Flower thinning can be carried out throughout the flowering period, and fruit thinning should be carried out when the young fruit begins to expand, and high-grade flowers and high-grade fruits should be removed in time, and deformed fruits and diseased fruits should be removed during the growth and fruiting period.

7. Pest control

In accordance with the policy of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control", focusing on killing pathogenic bacteria and insects, the prevention and control of strawberry pests and diseases is carried out based on agricultural control and supplemented by chemical control. Strawberry diseases mainly include: viral diseases, anthracnose, powdery mildew, gray mold, snake eye disease, ring spot, and verticillium wilt; insect pests mainly include: spider mites, scarabs, aphids, and Spodoptera litura. When using chemical agents for prevention and control, attention should be paid to the method of use and the safety interval of the agents.

8. Strawberry Harvesting

Different harvesting maturity is determined according to different seasons. From December to mid-February, it is advisable to harvest at nine maturity, from March to April at eighth maturity, and in May at seven maturity. Fruit maturity is determined according to the degree of coloring of the fruit surface. When the coloration of the fruit surface reaches 70%, 80%, and 90%, it is respectively seven, eight, and nine ripe.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (1)

1. a cultivation method for continuous cropping obstacles is eliminated in the rice field-upland field rotation of strawberry water caltrop, and it is characterized in that, this cultivation method comprises following implementation step;

The first step: in conjunction with strawberry cultivars characteristic, carries out field planting to mid-September then by the end of August, realize strawberry from then by the end of December before and after gather, terminate at the beginning of 5 months next years; And remove strawberry in time, plough field and pat, form the flat furrow of " saying " shape, middle and surrounding builds the ridge, and the surrounding ridge is higher than flat 30 centimetres, furrow surface; Second step: next year early March start the Pregermination and seedling breeding of water caltrop, utilize the daylight warm type big shack of covered with plastic film, surrounding builds stalk, makes base manure with fertilizer, and upper water carries out ploughing patting, and is formed higher than the dark nursery pond in 0.3 ~ 0.4 meter, flat furrow surface; The nursery pond depth of water remains on 10 ~ 20cm, the mode adopting full railway carriage or compartment to disseminate is sowed, every 667 square metres of sowing quantities 80 ~ 100 kilograms, shallow water water caltrop carried out field planting at after planting 45 days, was bundled into by 2 ~ 3 young plants a branch of for subsequent use, be transplanted to the strawberry plot put in order, with line-spacing 0.6 ~ 0.8 meter, equal hill spacing 0.6 ~ 0.8 meter, the strain of every cave 2 ~ 3 is transplanted, be inserted into field planting in soil, then pour water to maintenance 10 ~ 25cm water level; 3rd step: water caltrop of gathering stalk, water caltrop are to early and middle ten days in August next year, and water caltrop applies fertilizer as base manure after gathering, and ploughs ridging, prepares strawberry field planting and the production in the current year;

The field planting method that this cultivation method adopts is: breeding is planted in choosing, should select flower bud differentiation early, cold-resistant, high yield, colory kind, strawberry self-flowering fruiting power is strong, and one to two other pollinated varieties of also arranging in pairs or groups, to improve output; Fertilising bedding: after water caltrop gathers end, in conjunction with high-quality farmyard manure 2000kg-3000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 30kg-40kg that plowed soils every mu becomes thoroughly decomposed, the ratio of N P and K three is 5: 5: 2.5, superphosphate 40kg, artificial or machine trench digging bedding after ploughing, furrow height 20cm-30cm, furrow face width 60cm-80cm, furrow furrow width 30cm-40cm;

Production seedling is selected: select to carry out the stolon seedling of well developed root system, the newly pumping then of stem rugosity more than 0.7 of breeding as current year's production seedling by virus-free healthy and strong plant as maternal plant;

Play transplantation of seedlings: Flower Bud Differentiation of Strawberry begins the phase, plays transplantation of seedlings by the end of August to mid-September; For promoting slow seedling, transplanting and being chosen at the cloudy day and carrying out, with rising with fortune with cultivation, noting ventilation and heat in transit, anti-extrusion, anti-ly to tan by the sun; Every ridge cultivation 2 row, according to the size of seedling, by every mu of 6000 strain to 8000 strain determination planting densities, spacing in the rows is 20cm; Make root system full extension when planting in planting pit, the depth of planting is watered the real rear seedling heart of depositing in water and is advisable a little more than soil table to banket; Notice that orientation is planted, bending convex surface facing furrow ditch side by rhizome portion; Water in time after transplanting, to promote that soil is heavy real, accelerate alive of strawberry; Sooner or later watering little water 1-2 time for planting rear 2-3 days every days, changing 2-3 days later into and watering a water, furrow irrigation moisturizing, water does not go up furrow, naturally falls dry, to keep the humidity of soil;

The field management method that this cultivation method adopts is:

Plastic mulching: select unregistered land film or black and white two facial mask, according to plant growth condition and temperature, determine the plastic film mulch time, October 20, after plastic film mulch, rupture of membranes carried seedling immediately; Before starting insulation, mulch film two ends are fixed on the shoulder of railway carriage or compartment; After insulation starts, put down mulch film, cover railway carriage or compartment ditch, full garden covers;

Topdress: before spreading, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 8kg, and N-P-K content ratio is 15: 10: 15; First fruit expanding period with gather the initial stage, and each batch of fruit expanding period is topdressed respectively later, every mu of nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer 10kg; Except top dressing, should fertilizer applicator being adopted, applying in conjunction with pouring water;

Water management: under adopting mulch film, slight irrigation form carries out moisturizing; Pour water once every 7d-10d after plastic mulching, irrigate with 0.75kw water pump for every mu, pour water 1h-2h at every turn, and morning next day observes strawberry leaf margin water droplet phenomenon; Temperature treatment: start the insulation of lid canopy film during mean temperature of air 16 DEG C, at the beginning of late October to 11 month; Cover with hut or middle canopy in time when ambient temperature is about to drop to 0 DEG C and carry out Double insulating; When temperature reduces further, then on hut, cover straw screen or mat, non-woven fabrics; When temperature of shed exceedes temperature required, canopy film should be started in time aeration-cooling;

Facility plastic greenhouse humidity controls: regulate humidity in facility by taking off membrane cover film; At the insulation initial stage, canopy humidity controls at 85%-90%; In flowering stage, canopy humidity controls to be advisable 40%; Fruit and maturing stage, humid control is at 60%-70%; Ensure that temperature of shed is not less than 5 DEG C, the concrete thermal requirements of each growth period is as follows: the insulation initial stage: daytime 28 DEG C-30 DEG C, night 12 DEG C-15 DEG C; During aobvious flower bud: daytime 25 DEG C-28 DEG C, night 10 DEG C-15 DEG C, flowering stage: daytime 23 DEG C-25 DEG C, night 8 DEG C-10 DEG C; Fruit and maturing stage: daytime 20 DEG C-25 DEG C, night 6 DEG C-8 DEG C;

Plant and flower and fruit management: extract dead leaf, Lao Ye, stolon and shortening stem paraclade in time; 5-6d puts into honeybee before flowering, puts a beehive be advisable with 0.5 mu of ground; Must guard against spray medicine during putting honeybee, need before spray medicine, beehive be moved on to outside canopy, within one week, again beehive be moved in canopy after spray medicine; The whole florescence all carries out flower thinning, and fruit thinning should start expanding stage at young fruit and carry out, and removes senior flower and senior fruit in time, should dredge malformed fruit and sick wormed fruit during growth result;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: according to the policy of " putting prevention first, integrated control ", to kill pathogen, worm is former attaches most importance to, and based on cultural control, chemical control is the auxiliary control carrying out strawberry damage by disease and insect; Diseases of Strawberry mainly contains: virus disease, anthracnose, powdery mildew, gray mold, snake eye disease, zonate spot, verticillium wilt; Insect pest mainly contains: tetranychid, chafer, aphid, prodenia litura; When using Agro-chemicals control, using method and the safety interval of medicament should be noted;

Strawberry is gathered: determine different harvest maturity according to difference in season, in December to mid-February, be advisable, gather in 3 to April with medium well with ninety percent ripe gathering; May gathers with medium well; Fruit maturity is determined according to fruit face colouring degree, fruit face colouring is respectively seven when reaching 70%, 80%, 90%, eight, ninety percent ripe.