CN102823402A - Efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for rices in cold region - Google Patents
Efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for rices in cold region Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102823402A CN102823402A CN2012103112391A CN201210311239A CN102823402A CN 102823402 A CN102823402 A CN 102823402A CN 2012103112391 A CN2012103112391 A CN 2012103112391A CN 201210311239 A CN201210311239 A CN 201210311239A CN 102823402 A CN102823402 A CN 102823402A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- paddy
- rice
- moisture content
- field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention provides an efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for rices in a cold region, which relates to a rice irrigation method. The invention is to solve problems of water waste, low water production efficiency, poor resistance ability and low rainwater utilization rate in the traditional irrigation method for the rices in the cold region. The method comprises the following steps of: first irrigating the rices according to water usage of 80-120 m3/acre in a field dipping stage of the rice; and then dipping the field for 3-5 days; controlling water usage of a rice field in a rice seedling establishment stage, an early tillering stage, a middle tillering stage, a jointing-booting stage, a heading-flowering stage and a milk-ripe stage between a lower limit and an upper limit, wherein the lower limit is that the water content in the soil of the rice field is the saturated water content of 70-90%, and the upper limit is that the water depth of the rice field is 0.1-3 cm; keeping the water content in the soil of the rice field at the soil saturated water content of 70-80% in a later rice tillering stage; and supplementing once irrigation to the rice field in an early rice yellow ripening stage; and then naturally drying the rice field by air. The efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for the rices in the cold region, provided by the invention, is mainly used for irrigating the rices in the cold regions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of paddy rice irrigation method.
Background technology
Phase early 1950s, China just begins to carry out the exploration of various water-saving planting paddy rice, has proposed the culture technique in good time roasting field.Carried out the shallow irrigation technology sixties, before the mid-1970s proposed shallow wet irrigation, rice cropping did not still break away from traditional mode of basining irrigation.The traditional paddy rice irrigation technique of China representes with paddy field moisture situation and regulative mode thereof, can be divided into generally that long-term maintenance water layer, long-term water layer and dry field or moistening combines, long-term no water layer do wet wet type and water layer, moistening, dried field combine four types.After entering into the eighties, the shallow wet irrigation tests success of paddy rice (hair is suitable etc., 1997); Hohai University is that a collection of irrigation scientific worker of representative successfully works out " water saving high-yield rice control irrigation technique " with Li Shousheng, Peng Shizhang; After the insufficient irrigation (also claim " irrigations of restricting water supply " or lack of water irrigate) that comes across cen.am. and southern arid llanura imports China into, readjust-loss irrigation and paddy rice insufficient irrigation technical know-how "-f " flag Liu Zhao Yi have been proposed on this basis, 2004).Since the nineties in last century; The irrigation technique research of rice water-saving high yield and the application of nationwide develop rapidly, a collection of rice water-saving occurred and have irrigated (comprising that the rice seedling bed is irrigated and Honda is irrigated) new technology, at present; Various places are according to different natural conditions; On the experimental study basis, the rice water-saving irrigation technique has been irritated by shallow water and has been developed into paddy rice control and irrigate that (readjust-loss irrigations) is technological, insufficient irrigation is technological, in addition; Be applicable to that in addition weather is moistening, physical features is smooth and the paddy rice in the fertile sticking important place of soil property district " thin, shallow, wet, solarization " is irrigated; And thin irrigation, the pattern irrigation of paddy rice leaf age and irrigation technique (Mei Xurong etc., 2007 such as rice shoot with rsgun and wide planting, film covered rice cultivation of revealing of paddy rice; Wei Tiejun etc., 2008; Huang Qiuchan, 2007).But balanced attitude of present disclosed method shorter mention crop production and soil moisture complementary conditions.Can not solve paddy rice in cold region water saving production problem, be difficult to instruct the popularization of rice work of economizing on water coldly.
Paddy rice control irrigation technique belongs to readjust-loss and irrigates category, and effluent sea university proposes the earliest, is called for short control again and irritates; After being meant that rice seedling (rice shoot) Honda is transplanted; The field face keeps the thin water layer of the 5 ~ 30mm seedling alive of turning green, each growing stage after turning green, and the field face is no longer set up the irrigation water layer; As the control index, confirm a new technology of irrigation period and irrigating water quota with root layer soil moisture.The soil moisture upper control limit is the saturated aqueous rate, and lower limit is then looked the paddy rice different bearing stage, gets 60% ~ 80% combination of paddy soils soil saturation moisture content respectively.This is according to paddy rice each breeding time of the law of needing the water to paddy rice under the sensitivity of water demand and the water-saving irrigation condition, on the basis of the adaptive capacity of performance paddy rice self and regulative mechanism, and the new technology of pouring water of carrying out the water supply of timely and appropriate discovery science.The Heilongjiang Province is in using its technical process; It is not enough as follows to find that it exists: do not have the soil moisture content bound to cold ground characteristic and growth requirement formulation; The water-saving irrigation method rainwater utilization that proposes is not high, and irrigation technique did not have the rain of holding index in the past, and its output, quality, degeneration-resistant effect are clear and definite inadequately; Urgent need is a kind of based on real working condition in instructing the paddy rice in cold region production practices, the irrigation method of strong operability; Therefore there is the water waste in now existing paddy rice in cold region irrigation method, water production efficiency is low and the irrigation water utilization ratio is low, and the not high problem of rainwater utilization.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve that there is the water waste in existing paddy rice in cold region irrigation method, water production efficiency is low and the irrigation water utilization ratio is low, and the not high problem of rainwater utilization; And a kind of paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method is provided.
A kind of paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method is specifically operated according to the following steps and is carried out: one, the soaked field phase: presses water consumption 80m earlier in the paddy rice soaked field phase
3/ mu ~ 120m
3/ mu is poured water, and the soaked field is 3 ~ 5 days then, when the piece exposure of 1/6 ~ 1/2 field, transplants; Two, period of seedling establishment: 1., be 70% ~ 80% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of rice striking root phase paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at rice striking root phase paddy field water either water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 70% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 80% o'clock is poured water promptly whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; And the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm; 2., if meet with cold wave in the rice striking root phase, then the paddy field water either water depth remains between 5cm ~ 6cm, and cold wave is all emitted paddy field water either later; 3., if rainfall occurs in the rice striking root phase, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 2cm; Three, tillering stage: 1., be 90% ~ 95% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of rice tillering initial stage paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at rice tillering initial stage paddy field water either water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 90% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 95% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., the lower limit index at rice tillering paddy field water either in mid-term water is 70% ~ 80% of a soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content; Upper limit index at rice tillering paddy field water either in mid-term water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 70% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 80% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 3., rice tillering later stage paddy field water either water remain on the paddy soils soil moisture content be the soil saturation moisture content 70% ~ 80% between; 4., if when rice plant of tillering stage,, per day water temperature was lower than 20 ℃, then the paddy field water either water depth remains between 3cm ± 0.3cm, and carries out sooner or later string and irritate; 5., if rainfall occurs at rice tillering initial stage and mid-term, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm, if rainfall occurs, then all discharge in the rice tillering later stage; Four, jointing-booting stage: 1., paddy rice jointing booting early stage the paddy field water either water the lower limit index be 80% ~ 90% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content; Upper limit index at paddy rice jointing booting paddy field water either water in early stage is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 80% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 90% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., the lower limit index at paddy rice jointing booting later stage paddy field water either water is 90% ~ 95% of a soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content; Upper limit index at paddy rice jointing booting later stage paddy field water either water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 90% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 95% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 3., if when paddy rice jointing-booting stage daily mean temperature is lower than 18 ℃, then the paddy field water either water depth remains between 10cm ~ 15cm; 4., if rainfall occurs at the paddy rice jointing-booting stage, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm; Five, full heading time: 1., be 80% ~ 90% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 80% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 90% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., if rainfall occurs at the paddy rice full heading time, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm; Six, milk ripe stage: 1., be 70% ~ 80% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 70% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 80% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., if rainfall occurs in the paddy rice milk ripe stage, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm; Seven, stage of yellow ripeness: 1., mend to irritate once at the paddy rice yellow maturity initial stage, pour water to the paddy field water either water depth be 0.1cm ~ 0.5cm, it is dried to fall naturally then; 2., if rainfall occurs at the paddy rice yellow maturity initial stage, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, be 2cm ~ 3cm but keep the paddy field water either water depth, it is dried to fall naturally then.
Advantage of the present invention: one, paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method water-saving result of the present invention very significantly.Test statistics, the average every mu of clean quota 390m of conventional light irrigation
3About (average 420～the 450m in Heilongjiang Province
3), average every mu of 240m is irrigated in paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method control of the present invention
3, water saving amplitude 38%; Water production efficiency and irrigation water utilization ratio are irrigated than routine respectively and are improved 44% and 87%; Turn green to late tillering state be the period of drought in Heilongjiang Province, control is irritated than the conventional frequency of irrigation of irrigating and is reduced 2 times, reduces 37%, irrigation quantity reduces 41%; Demonstrate to control to irrigate paddy rice thirsty water in spring phase minimizing frequency of irrigation and irrigation quantity have been played significant effect, antagonism spring drought, guarantor sow in spring significant; Two, paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method of the present invention control water for irrigation rice significantly improves the anti-adversity ability of paddy rice under high yield, the condition of guaranteeing the quality; Diseased plant rate on average reduces by 43%, and sick leaf rate on average reduces by 42%, and resistant to lodging and resistance against diseases improves greatly; Three, paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method control of the present invention is irrigated the paddy field environment is produced positive impact, and the control irrigation method of alternation of wetting and drying, no water layer management has reduced the nutrition draining to surrounding enviroment, thereby reduced the pollution of area source in paddy rice irrigated area; The anaerobism living environment that has changed the edaphon under the water layer covering situation is irrigated in control, has reduced greenhouse gas emission.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is test one soil time-change of soil water content curve map.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: this embodiment is a kind of paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method, specifically operates according to the following steps and carries out: one, the soaked field phase: press water consumption 80m earlier in the paddy rice soaked field phase
3/ mu ~ 120m
3/ mu is poured water, and the soaked field is 3 ~ 5 days then, when the piece exposure of 1/6 ~ 1/2 field, transplants; Two, period of seedling establishment: 1., be 70% ~ 80% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of rice striking root phase paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at rice striking root phase paddy field water either water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 70% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 80% o'clock is poured water promptly whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; And the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm; 2., if meet with cold wave in the rice striking root phase, then the paddy field water either water depth remains between 5cm ~ 6cm, and cold wave is all emitted paddy field water either later; 3., if rainfall occurs in the rice striking root phase, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 2cm; Three, tillering stage: 1., be 90% ~ 95% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of rice tillering initial stage paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at rice tillering initial stage paddy field water either water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 90% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 95% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., the lower limit index at rice tillering paddy field water either in mid-term water is 70% ~ 80% of a soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content; Upper limit index at rice tillering paddy field water either in mid-term water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 70% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 80% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 3., rice tillering later stage paddy field water either water remain on the paddy soils soil moisture content be the soil saturation moisture content 70% ~ 80% between; 4., if when rice plant of tillering stage,, per day water temperature was lower than 20 ℃, then the paddy field water either water depth remains between 3cm ± 0.3cm, and carries out sooner or later string and irritate; 5., if rainfall occurs at rice tillering initial stage and mid-term, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm, if rainfall occurs, then all discharge in the rice tillering later stage; Four, jointing-booting stage: 1., paddy rice jointing booting early stage the paddy field water either water the lower limit index be 80% ~ 90% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content; Upper limit index at paddy rice jointing booting paddy field water either water in early stage is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 80% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 90% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., the lower limit index at paddy rice jointing booting later stage paddy field water either water is 90% ~ 95% of a soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content; Upper limit index at paddy rice jointing booting later stage paddy field water either water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 90% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 95% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 3., if when paddy rice jointing-booting stage daily mean temperature is lower than 18 ℃, then the paddy field water either water depth remains between 10cm ~ 15cm; 4., if rainfall occurs at the paddy rice jointing-booting stage, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm; Five, full heading time: 1., be 80% ~ 90% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 80% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 90% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., if rainfall occurs at the paddy rice full heading time, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm; Six, milk ripe stage: 1., be 70% ~ 80% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 70% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 80% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., if rainfall occurs in the paddy rice milk ripe stage, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm; Seven, stage of yellow ripeness: 1., mend to irritate once at the paddy rice yellow maturity initial stage, pour water to the paddy field water either water depth be 0.1cm ~ 0.5cm, it is dried to fall naturally then; 2., if rainfall occurs at the paddy rice yellow maturity initial stage, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, be 2cm ~ 3cm but keep the paddy field water either water depth, it is dried to fall naturally then.
This embodiment be light irrigation, moistening, do the control cycle alternation and carry out, this embodiment comprises the control of paddy rice each of soil moisture content breeding time; The moisture regulation upper limit index of each growth period duration of rice is corresponding water depth, and the lower limit index is got 70% ~ 90% of paddy soils soil saturation moisture content by different growing and made up.
Note conversion breeding time.It is very important to the identification of breeding time to plant rice, and it is different that different growing is poured water with agricultural measures.On the breeding time transfer problem, the regulate and control method in " time to not waiting seedling, seedling arrives when not waiting " is proposed." time to does not wait seedling ", promptly be in which breeding time (except late tillering state) regardless of paddy rice, soil moisture has arrived the soil lower control limit and has then poured water to the upper limit, and soil moisture does not reach lower control limit, need not pour water; " seedling arrives when not waiting ", promptly rice growth no matter whether soil moisture controls to lower limit, all wants timely draining dry field heavily to control to late tillering state.Spent late tillering state, arrived jointing-booting stage (needing the water sensitive phase) and then must pour water to the soil moisture upper limit.
Present embodiment is used for Baijiang soil ground, Three River Plain large percentage, and is afraid of drought, is afraid of waterlogging, meets the characteristic that drought becomes to split, and improves each control breeding time and irritates and handle soil moisture content and be controlled at lower limit index higher limit; Water layer is set up in early stage medicine, the fertile combination of tillering one time, takes the early stage of promptly tillering the weed eradication laxative to carry out simultaneously with tillering fertilizer, the disposable water layer of setting up, and the sealing emptying after 7 days of pouring water, and continue to carry out 80% soil moisture lower limit standard; The heavier area of seepage utilizes surface-water irrigation, need take into full account the assurance problem at the water source that continues after control is irritated; Will look concrete condition on the irrigation method and apply in a flexible way, promptly when short water supply, though soil moisture does not also arrive lower control limit, visual water source concrete condition shifts to an earlier date moisturizing; With few filling, the diligent filling to well, prevent that a water layer is excessive, increase leakage; The area that land fertility is high is strict with test standard regulation and control soil moisture, and design standard about 5% can suitably float in the area that land fertility is low.
This embodiment implements to also have two basic premises, and the one, requirement lattice field is smooth, and the discrepancy in elevation can not be too big, and the soil discrepancy in elevation is controlled in 1 ~ 2 centimeter in the single lattice field.The 2nd, it is high that the water source degree of protection is wanted, and can in time mend filling when needing water.
This embodiment paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method water-saving result very significantly.Test statistics, the average every mu of clean quota 390m of conventional light irrigation
3About (average 420～the 450m in Heilongjiang Province
3), average every mu of 240m is irrigated in the control of this embodiment paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method
3, water saving amplitude 38%; Water production efficiency and irrigation water utilization ratio are irrigated than routine respectively and are improved 44% and 87%; Turn green to late tillering state be the period of drought in Heilongjiang Province, control is irritated than the conventional frequency of irrigation of irrigating and is reduced 2 times, reduces 37%, irrigation quantity reduces 41%; Demonstrate to control to irrigate paddy rice thirsty water in spring phase minimizing frequency of irrigation and irrigation quantity have been played significant effect, antagonism spring drought, guarantor sow in spring significant.
This embodiment paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method control water for irrigation rice significantly improves the anti-adversity ability of paddy rice under high yield, the condition of guaranteeing the quality; Diseased plant rate on average reduces by 43%, and sick leaf rate on average reduces by 42%, and resistant to lodging and resistance against diseases improves greatly.
The control of this embodiment paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method is irrigated the paddy field environment is produced positive impact, and the control irrigation method of alternation of wetting and drying, no water layer management has reduced the nutrition draining to surrounding enviroment, thereby reduced the pollution of area source in paddy rice irrigated area; The anaerobism living environment that has changed the edaphon under the water layer covering situation is irrigated in control, has reduced greenhouse gas emission.
Embodiment two: this embodiment with the difference of embodiment one is: press water consumption 90m earlier in the paddy rice soaked field phase in the step 1
3/ mu ~ 110m
3/ mu is poured water, and the soaked field is 3 ~ 5 days then, when the piece exposure of 1/3 field, transplants.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Adopt following verification experimental verification effect of the present invention:
Test one: a kind of paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method, specifically operate according to the following steps and carry out: one, the soaked field phase: press water consumption 100m earlier in the paddy rice soaked field phase
3/ mu is poured water, and the soaked field is 4 days then, when the piece exposure of 1/3 field, transplants, and transplants to May 14 to be all over; Two, period of seedling establishment: May 15 poured water in the rice field, pour water to the paddy field water either water depth be 2cm, fall to doing naturally then to May 22, May 22 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 70% of soil saturation moisture content, the rice striking root phase finishes; Three, tillering stage: May 23 poured water in the rice field, pour water to the paddy field water either water depth be 2cm, fall to doing naturally then to the paddy soils soil moisture content be 80% of soil saturation moisture content; Rainfall occurs, keeping the paddy field water either water depth is 5cm, fall to doing naturally then to the paddy field water either water depth be 1cm; Occur rainfall once more, rainfall to paddy field water either water depth is 4cm, falls to doing naturally then to June 11; June 11 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 90% of soil saturation moisture content; June 12 poured water in the rice field, pour water to the paddy field water either water depth be 1cm, fall to doing naturally then to July 6; July 6 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 70% of soil saturation moisture content, rice plant of tillering stage, finish; Four, jointing-booting stage: July 7 poured water in the rice field, pour water to the paddy field water either water depth be 2cm, fall to doing naturally then to July 10; July 10 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 95% of soil saturation moisture content, rainfall appearred July 11, to July 13 daily rain amount to the paddy field water either water depth be 1cm; Naturally fall to doing then to July 15, July 15 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 95% of soil saturation moisture content, rainfall appearred July 16; To July 18 daily rain amount to the paddy field water either water depth be 1.1cm; Naturally fall to doing then to July 21, July 21 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 95% of soil saturation moisture content, rainfall appearred July 22; To July 24 daily rain amount to the paddy field water either water depth be 1.3cm; Naturally fall to doing then to July 26, July 26 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 95% of soil saturation moisture content, the paddy rice jointing-booting stage finishes; Five, full heading time: July 27 poured water in the rice field, pour water to the paddy field water either water depth be 2cm, fall to doing naturally then to August 1, August 1 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 95% of soil saturation moisture content; Rainfall appearred August 2, to Augusts 4 daily rain amount to the paddy field water either water depth be 1.1cm, fall to doing naturally then to August 6, August 6 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 95% of soil saturation moisture content; Rainfall appearred August 7, to Augusts 10 daily rain amount be 1cm to the paddy field water either water depth, the paddy rice full heading time finishes; Six, milk ripe stage: fell to doing naturally to August 18 from August 11, August 18 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 85% of soil saturation moisture content; Poured water August 19, pour water to the paddy field water either water depth be 0.1cm, fall to doing naturally then to August 28, August 28 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 80% of soil saturation moisture content, the paddy rice milk ripe stage, finish; Seven, stage of yellow ripeness: from August 29 pour water the back fall to doing naturally to September 4, September 4 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 70% of soil saturation moisture content; Rainfall occurred September 5, rainfall to paddy field water either water depth is 1.2cm, fall to doing naturally then to September 18, September 18 the paddy soils soil moisture content be 70% of soil saturation moisture content, paddy rice stage of yellow ripeness finishes.
This test water rice varieties is that sky educates 131.
Soil moisture to September 18 changed from May 15 in the minute book test; As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is soil time-change of soil water content curve map, and the abscissa of Fig. 1 is the date; Ordinate is the soil moisture control range; Ordinate is the line of demarcation with 0 or 100%, the above expression in line of demarcation paddy field water either water depth excursion, the excursion of the paddy soils of expression below line of demarcation soil moisture content.
The root system that root system and the conventional irrigation method of this test cultivation paddy rice are cultivated paddy rice compares, and the result is as shown in table 1, can know through table 1, and the root system that adopts this test irrigation method to cultivate paddy rice is cultivated the health of root of paddy rice than conventional irrigation method.
Table 1
The cane basal internode index that cane basal internode index and the conventional irrigation method of this test cultivation paddy rice are cultivated paddy rice compares; The result is as shown in table 2; Can know through table 2; Adopt this test irrigation method to cultivate the cane wall thickness of the cane wall of paddy rice than conventional irrigation method cultivation paddy rice, it is healthy to explain that this test irrigation method is cultivated paddy rice, and lodging tolerance improves greatly.
Table 2
| Handle | Internal diameter (mm) | External diameter (mm) | Wall thickness (mm) |
| Conventional irrigation method | 3.9 | 4.5 | 0.30 |
| This test | 3.4 | 4.6 | 0.60 |
Average every mu of 240m is irrigated in the control of this test paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method
3, with the average every mu of clean quota 390m of conventional irrigation method
3Compare water saving amplitude 38%, and water production efficiency and irrigation water utilization ratio are irrigated than routine respectively and are improved 44% and 87%; In rice striking root phase to rice tillering latter stage, this test paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method is compared frequency of irrigation and is reduced 2 times with conventional irrigation method, reduce 37%, and irrigation quantity reduces 41%.
This test paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method with compare diseased plant rate with conventional irrigation method and on average reduce by 43%, sick leaf rate on average reduces by 42%, resistant to lodgingly improves greatly with resistance against diseases.
The rice quality that rice quality that this test is obtained and conventional irrigation method obtain compares; The result is as shown in table 3; Can know through table 3; The protein that adopts this test irrigation method to obtain rice contrasts protein and the fat content height that conventional irrigation method obtains rice with fat, and it is good to explain that this test irrigation method obtains rice quality.
Table 4
Claims (2)
1. paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method, it is characterized in that paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method is operated according to the following steps carries out: one, the soaked field phase: the paddy rice soaked field phase earlier by water consumption 80m
3/ mu ~ 120m
3/ mu is poured water, and the soaked field is 3 ~ 5 days then, when the piece exposure of 1/6 ~ 1/2 field, transplants; Two, period of seedling establishment: 1., be 70% ~ 80% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of rice striking root phase paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at rice striking root phase paddy field water either water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 70% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 80% o'clock is poured water promptly whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; And the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm; 2., if meet with cold wave in the rice striking root phase, then the paddy field water either water depth remains between 5cm ~ 6cm, and cold wave is all emitted paddy field water either later; 3., if rainfall occurs in the rice striking root phase, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 2cm; Three, tillering stage: 1., be 90% ~ 95% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of rice tillering initial stage paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at rice tillering initial stage paddy field water either water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 90% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 95% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., the lower limit index at rice tillering paddy field water either in mid-term water is 70% ~ 80% of a soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content; Upper limit index at rice tillering paddy field water either in mid-term water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 70% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 80% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 3., rice tillering later stage paddy field water either water remain on the paddy soils soil moisture content be the soil saturation moisture content 70% ~ 80% between; 4., if when rice plant of tillering stage,, per day water temperature was lower than 20 ℃, then the paddy field water either water depth remains between 3cm ± 0.3cm, and carries out sooner or later string and irritate; 5., if rainfall occurs at rice tillering initial stage and mid-term, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm, if rainfall occurs, then all discharge in the rice tillering later stage; Four, jointing-booting stage: 1., paddy rice jointing booting early stage the paddy field water either water the lower limit index be 80% ~ 90% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content; Upper limit index at paddy rice jointing booting paddy field water either water in early stage is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 80% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 90% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., the lower limit index at paddy rice jointing booting later stage paddy field water either water is 90% ~ 95% of a soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content; Upper limit index at paddy rice jointing booting later stage paddy field water either water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 90% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 95% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 3., if when paddy rice jointing-booting stage daily mean temperature is lower than 18 ℃, then the paddy field water either water depth remains between 10cm ~ 15cm; 4., if rainfall occurs at the paddy rice jointing-booting stage, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm; Five, full heading time: 1., be 80% ~ 90% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water is 2cm ~ 3cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 80% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 90% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 2cm ~ 3cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., if rainfall occurs at the paddy rice full heading time, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm; Six, milk ripe stage: 1., be 70% ~ 80% of soil saturation moisture content for the paddy soils soil moisture content in the lower limit index of paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water; Upper limit index at paddy rice full heading time paddy field water either water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm for the paddy field water either water depth; Be that 70% of soil saturation moisture content ~ 80% o'clock is poured water promptly, and the back paddy field water either water depth of pouring water is 0.1cm ~ 2cm whenever falling to doing naturally to the paddy soils soil moisture content; 2., if rainfall occurs in the paddy rice milk ripe stage, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, but is kept the paddy field water either water depth to be no more than 5cm; Seven, stage of yellow ripeness: 1., mend to irritate once at the paddy rice yellow maturity initial stage, pour water to the paddy field water either water depth be 0.1cm ~ 0.5cm, it is dried to fall naturally then; 2., if rainfall occurs at the paddy rice yellow maturity initial stage, then rainwater is retained in the rice field, be 2cm ~ 3cm but keep the paddy field water either water depth, it is dried to fall naturally then.
2. a kind of paddy rice in cold region high-efficiency environment friendly irrigation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step 1 first by water consumption 90m in the paddy rice soaked field phase
3/ mu ~ 110m
3/ mu is poured water, and the soaked field is 3 ~ 5 days then, when the piece exposure of 1/3 field, transplants.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210311239.1A CN102823402B (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-29 | Efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for rices in cold region |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210311239.1A CN102823402B (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-29 | Efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for rices in cold region |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102823402A true CN102823402A (en) | 2012-12-19 |
| CN102823402B CN102823402B (en) | 2014-10-01 |
Family
ID=47326880
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210311239.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102823402B (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-29 | Efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for rices in cold region |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102823402B (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103461049A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2013-12-25 | 吴海涛 | Protective cultivation technique for rice |
| CN107182711A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of water-saving irrigation method |
| CN107197728A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-26 | 黑龙江省农垦科学院 | The water-saving irrigation method that northern cold area is regulated and controled based on paddy rice leaf age |
| CN108371060A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-07 | 湖南省水利水电科学研究院 | Rice field water-saving and emission-reducing irrigation method |
| CN109005836A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-18 | 扬州大学 | A kind of irrigation method improving rice slow-release nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency |
| CN109757323A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-17 | 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | A kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction high yield synergy cultural method |
| CN109964767A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-05 | 江西省赣抚平原水利工程管理局(江西省灌溉试验中心站) | A kind of double cropping of rice implantation methods promoted based on new regulation Paddy Output |
| CN110089373A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-06 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of water-saving irrigation method can be reduced cold region rice greenhouse gas emission |
| CN111587765A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-28 | 河北稻宇农业开发有限公司 | Water-saving irrigation method in rice planting process |
| CN117474315A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-01-30 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Rice field carbon nitrogen phosphorus water control emission reduction technology based on risk period and water-soil-gas microenvironment |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102138469A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-08-03 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for shallow-water, temperature-raising and water-saving irrigation of paddy fields in cold area in early original field period |
| CN102246678A (en) * | 2011-06-18 | 2011-11-23 | 吉林农业大学 | Rice water-saving cultivation method for soda salinized soil |
-
2012
- 2012-08-29 CN CN201210311239.1A patent/CN102823402B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102138469A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-08-03 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for shallow-water, temperature-raising and water-saving irrigation of paddy fields in cold area in early original field period |
| CN102246678A (en) * | 2011-06-18 | 2011-11-23 | 吉林农业大学 | Rice water-saving cultivation method for soda salinized soil |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103461049A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2013-12-25 | 吴海涛 | Protective cultivation technique for rice |
| CN103461049B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-12-10 | 韩凤 | Protective cultivation technique for rice |
| CN107182711A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of water-saving irrigation method |
| CN107197728A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-26 | 黑龙江省农垦科学院 | The water-saving irrigation method that northern cold area is regulated and controled based on paddy rice leaf age |
| CN108371060A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-07 | 湖南省水利水电科学研究院 | Rice field water-saving and emission-reducing irrigation method |
| CN109005836B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2020-07-03 | 扬州大学 | Irrigation method for improving utilization efficiency of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of rice |
| CN109005836A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-18 | 扬州大学 | A kind of irrigation method improving rice slow-release nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency |
| CN109757323A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-17 | 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | A kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction high yield synergy cultural method |
| CN109964767A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-05 | 江西省赣抚平原水利工程管理局(江西省灌溉试验中心站) | A kind of double cropping of rice implantation methods promoted based on new regulation Paddy Output |
| CN109964767B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-03-19 | 江西省赣抚平原水利工程管理局(江西省灌溉试验中心站) | Double-cropping rice planting method based on new improvement of rice field yield |
| CN110089373A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-06 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of water-saving irrigation method can be reduced cold region rice greenhouse gas emission |
| CN111587765A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-28 | 河北稻宇农业开发有限公司 | Water-saving irrigation method in rice planting process |
| CN117474315A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-01-30 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Rice field carbon nitrogen phosphorus water control emission reduction technology based on risk period and water-soil-gas microenvironment |
| CN117474315B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-04-16 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Rice field carbon nitrogen phosphorus water control emission reduction method based on risk period and water-soil-gas microenvironment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102823402B (en) | 2014-10-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102823402B (en) | Efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for rices in cold region | |
| CN106376343B (en) | The semilate rice ratooning rice Chinese milk vetch efficient ecological anniversary implantation methods | |
| CN105850674B (en) | A kind of rice field oxygenation fills row's analog control system and method | |
| CN105746156B (en) | A kind of Camellia nitidissima cuttage breeding method | |
| CN103039262B (en) | Ginseng cultivation method with nutrient blocks in greenhouse | |
| CN102197776B (en) | Novel technology for twice production of grapes in one year | |
| CN102405757A (en) | Intelligent rapid propagation method of tea tree | |
| CN104221679A (en) | Method for high-yielding, shaping, cultivating and planting fine staple cottons in cotton region of south Xinjiang based on light characteristic | |
| CN103430799A (en) | Greenhouse Huping jujube culturing technology | |
| CN109618895A (en) | A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower substrate culture method | |
| CN104025960A (en) | Cherry tomato pollution-free cultivation method | |
| CN103597996A (en) | Rapid rhubarb seedling growing method | |
| CN104025830A (en) | Greenhouse cherry cultivation method | |
| CN104686278A (en) | Retarding culture method of grape trees | |
| CN102057830A (en) | Method for planting cured tobacco in hot area from May to September | |
| CN106258815A (en) | A kind of water-saving and yield-increasing making full use of natural rainfall reduces discharging rice irrigation method | |
| CN104663347A (en) | Crape myrtle seedling overwintering early promotion culture method | |
| CN107182469A (en) | A kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL | |
| CN106386125A (en) | Method for manufacturing shrub potted plant | |
| CN104094819A (en) | Factory-like plug seedling method of dendrobium officinale | |
| CN109220273A (en) | A kind of cuttage breeding method of the soft seed pomegranate in Tunisia | |
| CN106613751B (en) | Method for regulating and controlling irrigation in flowering phase based on precipitation from jointing of winter wheat to flowering phase | |
| CN102948337B (en) | Physical control method for out-of-season blossoming of longans and culture container | |
| CN102524012B (en) | Exercising and transplanting method for fruit tree tissue culture seedlings | |
| CN101849490A (en) | Aerobic irrigation method of rice |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141001 Termination date: 20150829 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |