CN104094819A - Factory-like plug seedling method of dendrobium officinale - Google Patents
Factory-like plug seedling method of dendrobium officinale Download PDFInfo
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- CN104094819A CN104094819A CN201310117854.3A CN201310117854A CN104094819A CN 104094819 A CN104094819 A CN 104094819A CN 201310117854 A CN201310117854 A CN 201310117854A CN 104094819 A CN104094819 A CN 104094819A
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Abstract
The invention provides a factory-like plug seedling method of dendrobium officinale. The factory-like plug seedling method comprises the steps of (1) selecting a mixture of two or three of peat, perlite, pine bark and wood flour as a substrate; (2) hardening seedlings for 5-15 days, wherein the environmental requirements are that the temperature is required to be 20-30 DEG C, the RH (Relative Air Humidity) is required to be 80%-90%, and the illumination is required to be 3000-5000 lux; (3) controlling the temperature in the daytime to be 20-30 DEG C, the temperature at night to be 15-20 DEG C, the illumination to be 3000-10000 lux and the RH to be 40%-80%; (4) enabling the water content in the substrate to be 60%-70%; adopting water soluble fertilizer; (5) transplanting plug seedlings. The factory-like plug seedling method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of saving labor and energy, high efficiency and the like and is suitable for industrialization production; the survival rate of the plug seedlings after the transplanting is up to more than 99.5%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dendrobium candidum seedling growing process field, refer to especially a kind of dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method.
Background technology
Dendrobium candidum (Dendrobium oficinale Kimura et Migo) is the orchid family Dendrobium medicinal plant, is China tradition rare traditional Chinese medicine, has nourishing Yin and clearing heat, reinforcing stomach reg fluid, moistening lung improving eyesight, the anticancer anti-effect of waiting for a long time.Due to ecological disruption and exhaustive exploitation, wild dendrobium candidum is endangered, and country has been classified as the rare and endangered species of focused protection, and encourages artificial commerial growing, becomes wild into family's kind, to ensure sustainability utilization and the development of dendrobium candidum resource.In recent years, along with the breakthrough of officinal dendrobium stem plantation technology, industry has obtained development fast, and the existing cultivated area of national dendrobium candidum breaks through 30,000 mu, and 3,000,000,000 yuan of the output values become one of maximum, with fastest developing speed traditional Chinese medicine of China's volume of production and marketing.
Dendrobium candidum natural propagation rate is extremely low, and poor growth becomes the effective way that solves seedling and protection wild resource by tissue culture technique rapid, high volume breeding candidum tissue culturing seedling.Since the eighties in 20th century, many mechanisms and scholar have carried out large quantity research to the aseptically sowing seeds of dendrobium candidum and tissue cultivation, have obtained many achievements, and candidum tissue culturing technology is comparatively ripe at present, and artificial cultivation technique has also been obtained progress.Yet, the domestication of candidum tissue culturing seedling, the problem of growing seedlings fails to solve well always, has the problems such as transplanting survival rate is low, domestication seedling poor quality, has seriously restricted the development of dendrobium candidum plant husbandry.Therefore, growing seedlings is the key link of officinal dendrobium stem plantation, is to be related to the matter of utmost importance of cultivating success or not.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method, has solved the problem of the industry bottleneck of dendrobium candidum commerial growing in prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method, comprising:
(1) cave dish and matrix
Matrix is selected 2 kinds or the mixture of 3 kinds in peat, perlite, pine bark, wood chip;
(2) hardening and bottle outlet
The hardening time is 5～15 days;
Environmental requirement: temperature 20-30 ℃, relative air humidity 80-90%, illumination: 3000-5000lux;
(3) seedling raising environment
Day temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-30 ℃, and nocturnal temperature is controlled at 15-20 ℃, and illumination is 3000-10000lux, and relative air humidity remains on 40%-80%; Slow seedling, after 2 weeks, improves gradually temperature, reduces humidity;
(4) water and fertilizer management
Water content of substrate is at 60%-70%; Adopt water soluble fertilizer, supply with the nutrient of plant abundance, in order to the long sprouting of root of hair morning;
(5) cave dish transplantation of seedlings
Treat that cave dish seedling length has 5-6 sheet young leaves, root has 6 above persons, and height, more than 8cm, can connect root carrying substrates and extract from the dish of cave, transplants.
As preferred technical scheme, described step (1) matrix is the mixture of perlite, pine bark and wood chip.
As preferred technical scheme, described step (1) matrix is mud stone and perlitic mixture.
As preferred technical scheme, described step (1) matrix is mud stone and the perlitic mixture of mass ratio 1:2-3.
As preferred technical scheme, described step (2) bottle outlet seedling requires: more than the long 3cm of seedling, more than the thick 0.2cm of stem, stem has 3-4 internode, length to have 4-6 sheet leaf, leaf normally launches, leaf look light green is or emerald green, more than the long 3cm of root, has 3-5 bar root, during root color of the leather is white, be with green, without black root, without deformity, without variation.
As preferred technical scheme, the medium of detergent bottle shoot root portion during described step (2) bottle outlet, by height and rugosity classification, implants in the cave dish of filling in matrix.
As preferred technical scheme, described cave dish adopts 72 holes, 50 holes, 32 hole dish or 1.5 inches of pot for growing seedlings.
The seedling cultivation greenhouse that the present invention adopts is as follows:
Adopt steel construction attached-greenhouse, be equipped with the outer system of sheltering from heat or light, in the every systems such as system, heat preservation system inside, fan and pad cooling system, window controlling system, heating system, seedbed, irrigation of sheltering from heat or light, to create the optimal environmental condition of dendrobium candidum cave dish seedling growth.
The present invention follows the plant protection policy of " putting prevention first; the comprehensive regulation " for the extermination of disease and insect pest, according to ecological theory, the various prophylactico-therapeutic measuress of integrated use, creation is unfavorable for the pests such as disease worm weeds and is conducive to the environmental condition of all kinds of natural enemy procreations, the balance and the diversity of organism that keep the garden ecosystem, preferentially adopt cultural control, physical control and biological control.Chemical control if desired, must be reduced to all kinds of disease pest and weeds and persticide residue within the scope of specified standard.
The object of the invention is to utilize modern installations agrotechnique and point disk seedling growing technology, original creation dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method, candidum tissue culturing seedling is carried out the hardening domestication management of 3 months in seedling cultivation greenhouse, mainly by cave, coil the control and management that coils several aspects such as transplantation of seedlings with selection, hardening and bottle outlet management, seedling raising environment regulation and control, water and fertilizer management, integrated pest prevention and control and the cave of matrix, solve the dendrobium candidum difficult problem of growing seedlings, greatly improved domestication survival rate.Survival rate is brought up to more than 99% from traditional 70%, and plant cane is sturdy, and leaf look dark green, and root system is thick, hard, white, and the survival rate after transplanting is especially up to more than 99.5%.
Beneficial effect
1, the present invention has the advantages such as saving of labor, laborsaving, energy-conservation, efficiency is high, is convenient to mechanization, batch production production, reduces labor intensity, and can overcome season limit, grows seedlings in the anniversary of realization for seedling, is suitable for industrialization and produces;
2, adopt dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method provided by the present invention, group training seedling domestication survival rate reaches more than 99%, and the domestication of group training seedling is after 3 months, and plant cane is sturdy, and leaf look dark green, and root system is thick, hard, white.Survival rate after transplanting is especially up to more than 99.5%;
3, Pan Miaogentuo not fugitive, slow seedling in cave is fast, is applicable to long distance transportation, is conducive to the scientific management that standardizes, and improves commercial seedling quality.
Embodiment
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
S1: the design and establishing of seedling cultivation greenhouse
1, design parameter
Span: 8m; Spacing: 4m; Shoulder height 2.5-3.5m; Rise 4.5-5.5m;
Carry >=0.4KN/ of wind ㎡; Snow load >=0.25KN/ ㎡; Maximum row rainfall >=120mm/h.
2, greenhouse structure
Adopt steel structure frame, form is that gutter connects multispan company.
3, cladding material: this gram of pula nothing is dripped long-lived polyethylene film.
4, heavy curtain system: external sunshade system, internal sunshade system and heat preservation system inside adopt motor to drive.
5, cooling system: adopt fan and pad system.
6, heating system: adopt hot water pipeline mode of heating, fuel oil blower fan mode etc.
S2: the selection of cave dish and matrix
1, cave dish
Select PS(polystyrene) 50 hole dishes (52cm * 26cm).Air capacity of soils is better, and pH value is more stable, and required breeding time is short, and growth of seedling is very fast, compared with storage tolerance.
2, matrix
Select peat: the formula of perlite=2:1, possess the features such as fertilizer-preserving ability is strong, good water permeability, gas permeability is good, unit weight is less, and cost is low, the liquid content in matrix is more than 40%, and gas content remains on 20%-30%, is applicable to the growth of dendrobium candidum cave dish seedling.
3, sabot
Matrix is prewetted: regulate water content of substrate to 55%-60%, by the hand-tight matrix of holding, have watermark and do not form water droplet, and the 2h-3h that banks up makes matrix fully suction water.
Sabot: the matrix of prewetting is packed in the dish of cave, and cave face is scraped to the opposing party from a side of cave dish with scraper plate, makes each hole fill matrix, and after sabot, each lattice chamber should be able to be high-visible.
S3: hardening and bottle outlet
1, hardening
Tissue-culture container seedling is moved to the hardening that greenhouse carries out 1-2 week before dendrobium candidum point disk seedling growing, allow bottle seedling from the environment of closed stablity to the environment transition of open variation, reform of nature environment slowly, Planting out of test-tube while waiting a bottle seedling robust growth, leaf look dark green.Temperature 20-30 ℃, relative air humidity 80-90%, illumination: 3000-5000lux.
Bottle outlet seedling requires: more than the long 3cm of seedling, more than the thick 0.2cm of stem, stem has 3-4 internode, longly has 4-6 sheet leaf, and leaf normally launches, and leaf look light green is or emerald green, more than the long 3cm of root, has 3-5 bar root, is with greenly during root color of the leather is white, and without black root, without lopsided, nothing makes a variation.
2, bottle outlet
Before bottle outlet, first bottle cap is opened, allowed bottle seedling in outdoor air, place 2-3d, allow its reform of nature temp. and humidity.When washing seedling, medium is taken out gently together with seedling, be neatly positioned in basin to be cleanedly, pollute seedling and bareroot seedling or few offspring is placed respectively.Normal group training seedling is first cleaned medium with running water, particularly will wash agar off, in order to avoid agar is mouldy, causes rotten, then changes running water and clean 1 time.Preferably while washing seedling, seedling is carried out to classification, can divide 3 grades by height and rugosity, conveniently during point disk seedling growing like this for the seedling of different stage, take different control measures, to improve the survival rate of seedling and cultivate strong sprout of neat and consistent.
S4: seedling raising environment is controlled
1, temperature
Dendrobium candidum point disk seedling growing, meet its requirement cool in summer and warm in winter.Cave dish seedling growth preference temperature is 15-30 ℃, and when summer temp is high, palpus ventilation and heat in greenhouse, if natural cooling cannot be effective, need to adopt blower fan-wet curtain system to carry out cooling moisture-retaining; When winter temperature is low, sealing greenhouse also adds insulation film, must start heating system if desired, in case frostbite cave dish seedling.
2, illumination
Suitable illumination is 3000-10000lux, adopts double-layered sunshade system to regulate and control.
3, ventilate
Relative air humidity remains on 40%-80% and is advisable, and adopts natural ventilation system and forced ventilation system to regulate and control.
S5: water and fertilizer management
The employing " alternation of wetting and drying method " of watering, to guarantee that water content of substrate is advisable at 60%-70%.Fertilising adopts water soluble fertilizer.Because dendrobium candidum is aerial root, therefore to spray suitable water soluble fertilizer as nutrient solution, continue to supply with the nutrient of plant abundance, in order to the long sprouting of root of hair morning.10d after general transplanting, starts to spray 0.1% potassium nitrate or biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer after the new root of plant occurs, 7-10d spray 1 time, continuous 3 times.Generally, after fertilising, 2d stops watering.If cross-ventilation is too large, depending on the moisturizing of suitably spraying of matrix humidity.
S6: common disease and pest control
1, southern blight
Discovery diseased plant is pulled out and burns immediately, and processes disease cave with quicklime powder.
2, powdery mildew
Adopt 0.5%NaHCO
3the preparation control of+0.5-1% vegetable oil (as rapeseed oil)+emulsifier (lipoid) preparation.
3, prodenia litura
Utilize the insect-killing trappings such as trapping lamp, gyplure; Extract in time " the screen window leaf " that pieces of an egg or newly hatched larvae are trooped
4 snails
In greenhouse, surrounding limes, and prevents that snail from climbing into harm in greenhouse.
Survival rate after above-mentioned transplanting is especially up to more than 99.5%.There is the advantages such as saving of labor, laborsaving, energy-conservation, efficiency is high, be convenient to mechanization, batch production production, reduce labor intensity, and can overcome season limit, grow seedlings in the anniversary of realization for seedling.Cave Pan Miaogentuo is not fugitive, slow, and seedling is fast, is applicable to long distance transportation, is conducive to the scientific management that standardizes, and improves commercial seedling quality.
Embodiment 2
A dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method, as different from Example 1, S2 selects 1.5 inches of pot for growing seedlings, and matrix is selected perlite: pine bark: wood chip=2:1:2.
Transplanting success is brought up to more than 99% from traditional 70%, and plant cane is sturdy, and leaf look dark green, and root system is thick, hard, white, and the survival rate after transplanting is especially up to more than 99.5%.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method, comprising:
(1) cave dish and matrix
Matrix is selected 2 kinds or the mixture of 3 kinds in peat, perlite, pine bark, wood chip;
(2) hardening and bottle outlet
The hardening time is 5～15 days;
Environmental requirement: temperature 20-30 ℃, relative air humidity 80-90%, illumination: 3000-5000lux;
(3) seedling raising environment
Day temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-30 ℃, and nocturnal temperature is controlled at 15-20 ℃, and illumination is 3000-10000lux, and relative air humidity remains on 40%-80%; Slow seedling, after 2 weeks, improves gradually temperature, reduces humidity;
(4) water and fertilizer management
Water content of substrate is at 60%-70%; Adopt water soluble fertilizer;
(5) cave dish transplantation of seedlings
Treat that cave dish seedling length has 5-6 sheet young leaves, root has 6 above persons, and height, more than 8cm, connects root carrying substrates and extracts from the dish of cave, transplants.
2. a kind of dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (1) matrix is the mixture of perlite, pine bark and wood chip.
3. a kind of dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (1) matrix is mud stone and perlitic mixture.
4. a kind of dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described step (1) matrix is mud stone and the perlitic mixture of mass ratio 1:2-3.
5. a kind of dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (2) bottle outlet seedling requires: more than the long 3cm of seedling, more than the thick 0.2cm of stem, stem has 3-4 internode, length to have 4-6 sheet leaf, and leaf normally launches, and leaf look light green is or emerald green, more than the long 3cm of root, have 3-5 bar root, during root color of the leather is white, be with green, without black root, without deformity, without variation.
6. a kind of dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the medium of detergent bottle shoot root portion during described step (2) bottle outlet, by height and rugosity classification, is implanted in the cave dish of filling in matrix.
7. a kind of dendrobium candidum industrial hole plate seedling growth method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cave dish adopts 72 holes, 50 holes, 32 hole dish or 1.5 inches of pot for growing seedlings.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105145298A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-16 | 黄旭胜 | Dendrobium officinale pot culturing method |
| CN107306726A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-03 | 界首市伟盛家庭农场 | A kind of Chinese catalpa summer method for transplanting |
| CN107494220A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-22 | 苏州寿丰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of rooting culture method of two generation of dendrobium candidum tissue-cultured seedling |
| CN107926501A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-20 | 盐城沃华农业科技有限公司 | A kind of broccoli factorial seedling-culturing method |
| CN108522073A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2018-09-14 | 王其俊 | A kind of organic Se-rich plant factor method for culturing seedlings |
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| CN102282998A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-21 | 云南红土生源药用生物科技开发有限公司 | Dendrobium offcinale tissue cultured seedling training and domesticating method |
| CN102960226A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-13 | 农定霖 | Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo tissue culture seedling acclimatization method |
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Patent Citations (2)
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| CN102282998A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-21 | 云南红土生源药用生物科技开发有限公司 | Dendrobium offcinale tissue cultured seedling training and domesticating method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105145298A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-16 | 黄旭胜 | Dendrobium officinale pot culturing method |
| CN107306726A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-03 | 界首市伟盛家庭农场 | A kind of Chinese catalpa summer method for transplanting |
| CN107494220A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-22 | 苏州寿丰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of rooting culture method of two generation of dendrobium candidum tissue-cultured seedling |
| CN107926501A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-20 | 盐城沃华农业科技有限公司 | A kind of broccoli factorial seedling-culturing method |
| CN108522073A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2018-09-14 | 王其俊 | A kind of organic Se-rich plant factor method for culturing seedlings |
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