CN103348857A - Method for planting pseudo-ginseng in high-altitude area - Google Patents
Method for planting pseudo-ginseng in high-altitude area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting pseudo-ginseng in a high-altitude area. The method is used for introducing the pseudo-ginseng planted in an area with the altitude of 1500-1900m in the prior art to an area with the altitude range of 2000-2600m. The method includes the following steps: step1, selection of a planting environment: such as selection of an ecological environment, selection of terrain and section of soil texture, step2, application of a cold-resistant species group, step3, implementation of a sprouting method for improving planting power of seeds, step4, field production and management: seedbed making, greenhouse establishment, light adjustment and sowing and seedling raising, step 5, film mulching for cold prevention, step 6, reasonable pest control and prevention, and the like. The method serves as guidance for pseudo-ginseng introduction in the high-altitude area. According to the method, the planting environment and a planting area are selected according to ecological characteristics of the pseudo-ginseng, the suitable planting area is scientifically planned, and therefore the method is beneficial to benign development of pseudo-ginseng planting industry and guarantees indigenous genuineness of the pseudo-ginseng planted in a new producing area.
Description
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Technical field
The present invention relates to the traditional Chinese medicine implantation methods, specifically a kind of implantation methods that is applicable to high altitude localities artificial cultivation pseudo-ginseng.
Background technology
Pseudo-ginseng
Panax notoginseng(Burk1) F1H1Chen is Araliaceae Panax rare traditional Chinese medicine, and China uses the history of pseudo-ginseng that last 600 years is arranged, and the history of cultivation pseudo-ginseng has more than 400 years.Because pseudo-ginseng has specific (special) requirements to growing environment, existing only take Yunnan Province Wenshan Prefecture as the original producton location with main product ground.Since the particularity of Panax notoginseng Growth environment and the narrow and small property of suitable planting area distribution, Soil-sickness Problem, and the rotation cycle more than 10 years could be continued plantation, causes notoginseng planting soil circulation difficulty.And then it is very nervous to have formed pseudo-ginseng suitable planting plot, and the ecological factor desired value of Genuine producing area Yunnan mountain of papers is: temperature (monthly average): minimumly be not less than 0 ℃, be higher than 33 ℃ most; Rainfall (year); 1000～1500mm; Height above sea level: 1500～1900m; Humidity (annual): 75～85%; Soil: red soil and brown-red soil.
At present, in putting into practice suitable planting zone-transfer process, also be faced with a series of new technical bottlenecks in the base general layout of pseudo-ginseng and the technical system, restricting the industrialized development of notoginseng planting.Tame pseudo-ginseng original producton location not yet solves owing to the continuous cropping technology, the soil of planting pseudo-ginseng can not recycle, cause suitable kind of soil, the old producing region of pseudo-ginseng fewer and feweri, be difficult to the implant mass pseudo-ginseng, limited the development of notoginseng planting industry and whole industry, for the sustainable development that realizes that pseudo-ginseng produces, for guaranteeing output and the quality of notoginseng planting zone-transfer, realization notoginseng planting the most suitable region is effectively expanded, guarantee the production success of zone-transfer, we have invented the method for a kind of high altitude localities artificial cultivation pseudo-ginseng.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide for above-mentioned deficiency the method for a kind of high altitude localities artificial cultivation pseudo-ginseng.
The method of high altitude localities of the present invention artificial cultivation pseudo-ginseng may further comprise the steps: the selection of (1) growing environment, improve seed growth power technology, the production of (4) field and management such as climatic environment, physical features selection, vegetation and peripheral forest environment, soil texture selection, the application of (2) cold-resistant kind, (3), as do bed, Special sun net cool canopy, note changing light modulation, seeding and seedling raising, (5) plastic mulching protection against cold and freezing conditions, the reasonable prevention and control of (6) damage by disease and insect.
As follows under the concrete steps:
1) selection of growing environment
(1) climatic environment: pseudo-ginseng is the perennial root draft, and the environment that the property happiness is warm and slightly dark and damp, nice and cool is afraid of severe cold, water stain and extremely hot, high light, the subenvironment temperature equalization, humidity is larger, and rainfall is abundant, dry season, cloud and mist curled up, and air humidity is large, at nightfall soil moisture regain, morning fog period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m side is loose, the frost in winter suppresses the growth of damage by disease and insect, and spring, temperature recovery was slower, made seedling avoid the invasion and attack of cold in the late spring, temperature is cool balanced, the ecotope that illumination and humidity are moderate;
(2) physical features: height above sea level: 2000-2600m; Gradient 10-25 degree prevents low temperature cold damage, leeward environment according to high height above sea level physical features, selection, selects Dong Po, slope, the southeast, Northwest Slope, north slope, Northeast Slope; The flatness height is made every effort in selection, and is preferably mild, and is easy to the condition of draining, avoids ponding, and the gradient causes too greatly the difficult selection of water and soil loss easily;
(3) vegetation and peripheral forest environment: the forest cover of mountain Middle-mountain Moist Evergreen Broadleaved Forests and half evergreen broad-leaved forest in the subtropics, dense vegetation on every side, the periphery forest coverage reaches more than 80%, without population centralized residence point and any industrial enterprise, does not have the pollution source at atmosphere, water source;
(4) soil texture: take forest yellowish soil as base soil, choose the sandy loam of slant acidity or be rich in loam, the folder sandy soil of humus, the Evening Tide that the soil is porous in plow layer, ventilative Li Shui, the night of tool granular structure can get damp again is native, native subacidity, pH value 5.5-7.0;
2) cold-resistant population is used
The subenvironment notoginseng planting garden, mountain region of height above sea level 1860m was planted no pesticide grown and chemical fertilizer continuously more than ten years, there is not serious plant disease, also do not find obvious continuous cropping obstacle, numerous by rejuvenation and expansion for this pseudo-ginseng germ plasm resource, as the cold-resistant population provenance of promoting mainly of high height above sea level;
3) improve the method that seed growth power is germinateed
The standard seed treatment improves percentage of seedgermination, survival rate of seedlings, and Panax notoginseng seeds and river sand layering are placed in container made of bamboo or the cement pit, keeps the river sand water content between 20～30% in the environment of cleaning, ventilation; Checked that once, the Panax notoginseng seeds that go mouldy rotten to remove observed humidity simultaneously with the control seed sprouting in per 15 days; Seed is through afterripening, and can sow mid-January next year;
4) field produces and management
(1) makees bed
Level land, ground, the gentle slope height of bed are 20～25 cm, and the hillside fields height of bed is 15～20 cm; Bedside is 120～150 cm; The wide 30cm in operation road makees bed, and bed surface is made pan tile shape, and bed soil is accomplished lower Song Shangshi, to improve soil permeability;
(2) Special sun net cool canopy
Conjoined green house: press 2m * 2m fixed point and plant stake, the high 1.8m-2.0 m of canopy, it is fixing to spread large bar (or iron wire), the bedding sunshade net, and the large bar of two rows middle part places the iron wire film-pressing line, every sky is made " people " word shape with iron wire film-pressing line is strained, two 7 fork middle parts make cool canopy be " M " type, in order to windproof and draining about being fixed in, with Chinese fir twig or the square canopy that shelters from heat or light, its light transmittance is advisable to be no more than 20%;
Arc canopy: at distance bedside 10cm ground pitching pile, pile spacing is from being 150cm, tie up the bow bar: the long 160～180cm of bow bar, to bend bar with iron wire ties up on column, upper greenhouse: adopt 6～8 road canopy films, upper sunshade net makes transplants ground light transmittance 50%～60%, is advisable apart from about bottom of trench 2m, limit, garden land used hitching post is strained and fixed film-pressing line, whole sunshade wire side tension;
(3) change light modulation
According to the illumination variation that Various Seasonal causes, regulate garden iuuminting rate, the general seeding stage in early spring of transplant field, a little less than the seedling growth, regulate lower light transmittance 18～25% in the garden, summer has set in sunlight in vegetative period strengthens, temperature raises, and rainwater is many, high humidity, conjoined green house strengthens garden iuuminting rate 25～35%, put down the surrounding edge net, ventilate, discharge humidity, reduce disease, arc canopy reduces light transmittance to 15～20%.
(4) seeding and seedling raising
Taked to grow seedlings 1 year, transplant the 3 years cropping patterns in 2 years, pseudo-ginseng is grown seedlings and sows 11～December, by 18～200,000 of every mu of sowings of 4 * 5cm specification, mid or late January in mid or late December to next year transplants, select healthy pseudo-ginseng seedling, plant transplantation of seedlings and transplant by every mu of plantation of 10x15cm specification 2.5～3.2 ten thousand strain/mus; Before the sowing with seed with 1-2 kind bactericide seed soaking, cultivating soil and seedling carry out sterilization treatment before transplanting,
5) protection against cold and freezing conditions
(1) litter: at plantation bed surface upper berth lid layer cogongrass or pine needle, again at frame and last layer sunshade net all around, with in the maintenance garden and soil higher temperature is arranged, protect the rhizomes of Panax notoginseng safe overwintering; With in the maintenance garden and soil higher temperature is arranged, oneself rudiment that grows prevents from enduring cold on the protection rhizomes of Panax notoginseng, safe overwintering makes coming year pseudo-ginseng can early emerge, go out strong sprout, tidy seedlings output.
(2) epiphragma
Adopt silver gray film and colourless transparent film, epiphragma immediately after sowing is watered is beneficial to pseudo-ginseng and survives the winter, when to be emerged, seedling can carry out rupture of membranes with film jack-up puts seedling, and rupture of membranes is put the seedling time in the morning before 12, after at 4 in afternoon, cut can not be too large, is as the criterion seedling can be emitted;
(3) take off canopy and shine the garden
Behind the clear garden of the arc canopy spray medicine, there is no between December and frost or the slighter area of frost occur, the partial coverage on the cloudy canopy can be removed, garden iuuminting degree is reached to 80～85%, solar radiation reduces dark and damp all the year round condition in the garden, be beneficial to pseudo-ginseng and survive the winter;
(4) cut the stem stalk
To at the bottom of December and Second Year January, in order to prevent freezing bud head in winter, after the Frost's Descent,, pseudo-ginseng stem seedling to be cut the residual leaf in removing field in 2 minutes in conjunction with last intertillage fertilising from the railway carriage or compartment face;
(5) use sufficient winter top dressing
After cutting the stem stalk, fertile (fully decomposed dung 65～70%, ash 30～35%) 1500～2000kg is mixed with executing the excrement ash in every mu of pseudo-ginseng garden, imposes on the plant rhizome, is beneficial to pseudo-ginseng and survives the winter;
6) the reasonable prevention and control of damage by disease and insect
The light transmittance that tunes up the pseudo-ginseng garden reaches 35%, by the solarization garden, makes some germ lose necessary life condition and death; Strengthen the plant disease resistance by the disease-resistant variety seed selection, in time pull out diseased plant and with the sick cave of lime disinfection, ditch cleaning draining in rainy season, reduction soil moisture;
Compared with prior art, major advantage of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention introduces a fine variety the pseudo-ginseng of the relatively low Altitude Region growth in mountain area of former 1600～1900 m that suit in living environment of the 2000-2600m that height above sea level improves, survival rate reaches more than 80%, for high mountain pseudo-ginseng artificial domesticating cultivation provides reference, the foundation of new producing region and pseudo-ginseng sustainable development have been realized.
(2) application of cold-resistant population, improved cold tolerance, solved to the difficult problem of the technical limitations of new producing region expansion, had actual directive significance for the place of production of finally developing into the large-scale production pseudo-ginseng, provide certain guarantee for enlarging pseudo-ginseng raw material production area.
(3) height above sea level is lower, morbidity more early, disease is more serious, has especially arrived hot and humidly, causes introduced disease serious and early dead, the invention provides the culture technique in the new producing region that suits, and has overcome the serious drawback of old producing region disease generation.
(4) the technology of the present invention method is compared with conventional method, be conducive to construction criteria notoginseng planting garden, the demonstration of notoginseng planting standardizes, improve the scientific and technological content that pseudo-ginseng produces, both be convenient to the planting technology that the peasant learns pseudo-ginseng as early as possible, can promote again the exemplary role of science and technology, with obtain employment peasant's economic benefit of Effective Raise.
(5) the present invention adopts the subenvironment notoginseng planting garden, mountain region of height above sea level 2000-2600m, weather relaxes, has guaranteed to emerge late, escaped cold in the late spring invasion and attack, satisfied the selection in the suitable planting district of pseudo-ginseng ecosystem characterization planning of science activities, be conducive to the benign development of notoginseng planting industry.
(6) the present invention will promote that (height above sea level 1600～1900m) is (height above sea level 2000～2600m) migrations to the high altitude localities by traditional low altitude area in the main producing region, in the low altitude area, temperature difference per day is little, breathe enhancing, consumption is many, and accumulation is few, after introducing the high altitude localities, increase day and night temperature, for increasing the compound components of panax notoginseng accumulation, played certain facilitation.
Embodiment
The notoginseng planting method in high height above sea level zone is as follows:
1, the selection of growing environment
Shifting Dali, producing region Wuliang Shan Mountain ecological factor desired value is: 15 ℃ of year-round average temperatures, temperature (monthly average): minimumly be not less than 1 ℃, be higher than 36 ℃ most; Rainfall (year); 1095～1200mm; Height above sea level: 2000-2600m; Humidity (annual): 74%; Soil: mountain region yellow-red soil.
(1) climatic environment
Pseudo-ginseng is the perennial root draft, and the environment that the property happiness is warm and slightly dark and damp, nice and cool is afraid of cold in the late spring, water stain and extremely hot, high light.High height above sea level is introduced a fine variety and is selected the subenvironment temperature equalization, and cloud and mist curls up around the growing area, and air humidity is large, and rainfall is abundant, soil moisture regain at nightfall, and the damp condition that morning fog period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m side is loose, winter temperature is low, the slower cool equilibrium of temperature of temperature recovery in spring.
(2) physical features
Height above sea level: 2000-2600m; Gradient 10-25 degree prevents low temperature cold damage, leeward environment according to high height above sea level physical features, selection.Select Dong Po, slope, the southeast, Northwest Slope, north slope, Northeast Slope are preferably selected the north slope in ditch, river or half cloudy half light or the Schattenseite of Dong Po, take Northeast Slope as best; The flatness height is made every effort in selection, and is preferably mild, and is easy to the condition of draining, avoids ponding, and the gradient causes too greatly the difficult selection of water and soil loss easily.Hillock, air port ground, the ground that grittiness is large, chaor should not be selected.
(3) vegetation and peripheral forest environment
The forest cover of mountain Middle-mountain Moist Evergreen Broadleaved Forests and half evergreen broad-leaved forest in the subtropics, dense vegetation on every side, peripheral forest coverage will reach more than 80%, without population centralized residence point and any industrial enterprise, does not have the pollution source at atmosphere, water source.
(4) soil texture
Take forest yellowish soil as base soil, choose the sandy loam of slant acidity or be rich in loam, the folder sandy soil of humus.The Evening Tide soil that the soil is porous in plow layer, can get damp again the night of breathe freely Li Shui, tool granular structure, native subacidity, pH value 5.5-7.0.
Mountain area forest yellowish soil, organic abundant, sometimes be mixed with rubble, soft, permeability is good than the red soil of viscosity, adds humus and the ripe barnyard manure that vomits in soil matrix, and organic manure has increased the fertility of soil.
2, cold-resistant population is used
Planted more than ten years continuously in the subenvironment notoginseng planting garden, mountain region of height above sea level 1860m, and no pesticide grown and chemical fertilizer do not have serious plant disease, also do not find obvious continuous cropping obstacle.Numerous by rejuvenation and expansion for this pseudo-ginseng germ plasm resource, as the cold-resistant population provenance of promoting mainly of high height above sea level.
3, improve the method that seed growth power is germinateed
The standard seed treatment improves percentage of seedgermination, survival rate of seedlings.Panax notoginseng seeds and river sand layering are placed in container made of bamboo or the cement pit, keep the river sand water content between 20～30% in the environment of cleaning, ventilation.Checked that once, the Panax notoginseng seeds that go mouldy rotten to remove observed humidity simultaneously with the control seed sprouting in per 15 days.Seed is through afterripening, and can sow mid-January next year.
4, the field produces and management
(1) makees bed
Level land, ground, the gentle slope height of bed are 20～25 cm, and the hillside fields height of bed is 15～20 cm; Bedside is 120～150 cm; The wide 30cm in operation road makees bed.Bed surface is made pan tile shape, and bed soil is accomplished lower Song Shangshi, to improve soil permeability.
(2) Special sun net cool canopy
Conjoined green house: press 2m * 2m fixed point and plant stake, the high 1.8m-2.0 m of canopy, it is fixing to spread large bar (or iron wire), the bedding sunshade net, the large bar of two rows middle part places film-pressing line (iron wire), and every sky is made " people " word shape with iron wire film-pressing line is strained, two 7 fork middle parts about being fixed in, make cool canopy be " M " type, in order to windproof and draining.With Chinese fir twig or the square canopy that shelters from heat or light, its light transmittance is advisable to be no more than 20%.
Arc canopy: at distance bedside 10cm ground pitching pile, pile spacing is from being 150cm.Tie up the bow bar: the long 160～180cm of bow bar, with No. 20 iron wires, will bend bar and tie up on column.Upper greenhouse: adopt 6～8 road canopy films, width is the blue anti-aging canopy film of 220～240cm.Upper sunshade net: transplant ground light transmittance 50%～60%.Apart from about bottom of trench 2m, be advisable.Limit, garden land used hitching post is strained and fixed film-pressing line, and whole sunshade wire side should be strained.
(3) change light modulation
The illumination variation that will cause according to Various Seasonal is regulated garden iuuminting rate, the general seeding stage in early spring of transplant field, a little less than the seedling growth, can regulate lower light transmittance (18～25%) in the garden, summer has set in sunlight in vegetative period strengthens, temperature raises, rainwater is many, high humidity, and conjoined green house strengthens garden iuuminting rate (25～35%), put down the surrounding edge net, ventilate, discharge humidity, reduce disease.Arc canopy will reduce light transmittance (15～20%).
(4) seeding and seedling raising
Taked to grow seedlings 1 year, and transplanted the 3 years cropping patterns in 2 years.In good time early sowing promotes the growth of pseudo-ginseng under ground portion, forms strong root system, in order to surviving the winter, be conducive to next year early emerge, and seedling is neat, seedling strong.
Pseudo-ginseng is grown seedlings in sowing in 11～December, by 18～200,000 of every mu of sowings of 4 * 5cm specification.
Transplanting time mid or late December is to mid or late January in next year.Healthy pseudo-ginseng seedling is selected in transplanting, plants transplantation of seedlings and presses every mu of plantation of 10x15cm specification 2.5～3.2 ten thousand strain/mus.
Before the sowing with seed with 1-2 kind bactericide seed soaking.Cultivating soil and seedling carry out sterilization treatment before transplanting.
5, protection against cold and freezing conditions
(1) litters
At bed surface upper berth lid layer cogongrass or pine needle, again at frame and last layer sunshade net all around, with in the maintenance garden and soil higher temperature is arranged, protection rhizomes of Panax notoginseng safe overwintering; With in the maintenance garden and soil higher temperature is arranged, oneself rudiment that grows prevents from enduring cold on the protection rhizomes of Panax notoginseng, safe overwintering makes coming year pseudo-ginseng can early emerge, go out strong sprout, tidy seedlings output.
(2) epiphragma
Adopt silver gray film and colourless transparent film, epiphragma immediately after sowing is watered is beneficial to pseudo-ginseng and survives the winter.When to be emerged, seedling can carry out rupture of membranes with film jack-up puts seedling.Rupture of membranes is put the seedling time in the morning before 12, after at 4 in afternoon.Carry out with rupture of membranes instrument (generally can make by oneself) during rupture of membranes, cut can not be too large, is as the criterion seedling can be emitted.Rupture of membranes must be timely, and too early mistake all can affect Panax notoginseng Growth evening.
(3) take off canopy and shine the garden
Arc canopy can there is no between December and frost or the slighter area of frost occur, the partial coverage on the cloudy canopy can be removed, and garden iuuminting degree is reached to 80～85%, and solar radiation reduces dark and damp all the year round condition in the garden, be beneficial to pseudo-ginseng and survive the winter.
(4) cut the stem stalk
To at the bottom of December and Second Year January, in order to prevent freezing bud head in winter, after the Frost's Descent,, pseudo-ginseng stem seedling to be cut the residual leaf in removing field in 2 minutes in conjunction with last intertillage fertilising from the railway carriage or compartment face;
(5) use sufficient winter top dressing
After cutting the stem stalk, fertile (fully decomposed dung 65～70%, ash 30～35%) 1500～2000kg is mixed with executing the excrement ash in every mu of pseudo-ginseng garden, imposes on the plant rhizome, is beneficial to pseudo-ginseng and survives the winter.
6, the reasonable prevention and control of damage by disease and insect
By a period of time increase pseudo-ginseng garden light transmittance, high light shines the garden, makes some germ lose necessary life condition and death.Strengthen the degeneration-resistant disease resistance control of plant, in time pull out diseased plant and with lime disinfection disease cave; Carry out ditch cleaning drainage works in rainy season, reduce soil moisture.
Damping off, root rot are the Major Diseases of pseudo-ginseng, select 1-2 kind bactericide before the sowing, carry out soil disinfection; Select healthy and strong anosis pseudo-ginseng during transplanting; Period of disease is selected 1-2 kind bactericide, the pouring lesion.
Claims (3)
1. the notoginseng planting method in a high height above sea level zone is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
1) selection of growing environment
(1) climatic environment: select the subenvironment temperature equalization, cloud and mist curls up around the growing area, and air humidity is large, and rainfall is abundant, soil moisture regain at nightfall, and the damp condition that morning fog period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m side is loose, winter temperature is low, the slower cool equilibrium of temperature of temperature recovery in spring;
(2) physical features: height above sea level: 2000-2600m; Gradient 10-25 degree prevents low temperature cold damage, leeward environment according to high height above sea level physical features, selection, selects Dong Po, slope, the southeast, Northwest Slope, and north slope, Northeast Slope are easy to draining;
(3) vegetation and peripheral forest environment: the forest cover of mountain Middle-mountain Moist Evergreen Broadleaved Forests and half evergreen broad-leaved forest in the subtropics, the periphery forest coverage reaches more than 80%, distant mountain and Forestland and grassland rate nearby are more than 70%, without population centralized residence point and any industrial enterprise, there are not the pollution source at atmosphere, water source;
(4) soil texture: take forest yellowish soil as base soil, choose the sandy loam of slant acidity or be rich in loam, the folder sandy soil of humus, the Evening Tide that the soil is porous in plow layer, ventilative Li Shui, the night of tool granular structure can get damp again is native, soil subacidity, pH value 5.5-7.0;
2) use cold-resistant population
Planted more than ten years continuously in the subenvironment notoginseng planting garden, mountain region of height above sea level 1860m, and no pesticide grown and chemical fertilizer do not have serious plant disease, numerous by rejuvenation and expansion for this pseudo-ginseng germ plasm resource, as the cold-resistant population provenance of promoting mainly of high height above sea level;
3) seed specification handles: Panax notoginseng seeds and river sand layering are placed in container made of bamboo or the cement pit, keep the river sand water content between 20～30% in the environment of cleaning, ventilation; Checked that once, the Panax notoginseng seeds that go mouldy rotten to remove observed humidity simultaneously with the control seed sprouting in per 15 days; Seed is through afterripening, and can sow mid-January next year;
4) field produces and management
(1) make bed: level land, ground, the gentle slope height of bed are 20～25 cm, and the hillside fields height of bed is 15～20 cm; Bedside is 120～150 cm; The wide 30cm in operation road makees bed, and bed surface is made pan tile shape, and bed soil is accomplished lower Song Shangshi, to improve soil permeability;
(2) Special sun net cool canopy: conjoined green house is pressed 2m * 2m fixed point and is planted stake, the high 1.8m-2.0 m of canopy, spread large bar or iron wire and fix, the bedding sunshade net, the large bar of two rows middle part places the iron wire film-pressing line, every sky is made " people " word shape with iron wire film-pressing line is strained, two 7 fork middle parts make cool canopy be " M " type, in order to windproof and draining about being fixed in, with Chinese fir twig or the square canopy that shelters from heat or light, its light transmittance is to be no more than 20%; Arc canopy is at distance bedside 10cm ground pitching pile, and pile spacing will be grown the bow bar of 160～180cm and tie up on column from being 150cm with iron wire, and upper 6～8 road canopy films, upper sunshade net make transplants ground light transmittance 50%～60%, apart from bottom of trench 2m;
(3) change light modulation: regulate garden iuuminting rate according to the illumination variation that Various Seasonal causes, the transplant field seeding stage in early spring, regulate 18～25% lower light transmittances in the garden, summer has set in conjoined green house in vegetative period strengthens garden iuuminting rate to 25～35%, put down the surrounding edge net, ventilate, discharge humidity, reduce disease, arc canopy reduces light transmittance to 15～20%;
(4) seeding and seedling raising: take to grow seedlings 1 year, the 3 years cropping patterns in 2 years of transplanting, pseudo-ginseng is grown seedlings and sows 11～December, by 18～200,000 of every mu of sowings of 4 * 5cm specification, mid or late January in mid or late December to next year transplants, select healthy pseudo-ginseng seedling, seedling is transplanted by every mu of plantation of 10x15cm specification 2.5～3.2 ten thousand strain/mus;
5) protection against cold and freezing conditions
(1) litter: before the Frost's Descent, at plantation bed surface upper berth lid layer cogongrass or pine needle, again at frame and last layer sunshade net all around, with in the maintenance garden and soil higher temperature is arranged, protect the rhizomes of Panax notoginseng safe overwintering; With in the maintenance garden and soil higher temperature is arranged, oneself rudiment that grows prevents from enduring cold on the protection rhizomes of Panax notoginseng, safe overwintering makes coming year pseudo-ginseng can early emerge, go out strong sprout, tidy seedlings output;
(2) epiphragma: epiphragma immediately after sowing is watered, be beneficial to pseudo-ginseng and survive the winter, when to be emerged, seedling can carry out rupture of membranes with film jack-up puts seedling, and rupture of membranes is put the seedling time in the morning before 12, after at 4 in afternoon;
(3) take off canopy and shine the garden: arc canopy can be between December free of frost or frost when slighter, the partial coverage on the cloudy canopy is removed, garden iuuminting degree is reached to 80～85%, solar radiation reduces dark and damp all the year round condition in the garden, be beneficial to pseudo-ginseng and survive the winter;
(4) cut the stem stalk: in order to prevent freezing bud head in winter, after the Frost's Descent, in conjunction with last intertillage fertilising, pseudo-ginseng stem seedling to be cut from the railway carriage or compartment face in 2 minutes, remove the residual leaf in field;
(5) use sufficient winter top dressing: by the end of December with Second Year January, fertile 1500～2000kg is mixed with executing the excrement ash in every mu of pseudo-ginseng garden, and the excrement ash mixes fertile: fully decomposed dung 65～70%, ash 30～35%, impose on the plant rhizome, and be beneficial to pseudo-ginseng and survive the winter;
6) the reasonable prevention and control of damage by disease and insect
The light transmittance that tunes up the pseudo-ginseng garden reaches 35%, by the solarization garden, makes some germ lose necessary life condition and death; Strengthen the plant disease resistance by the disease-resistant variety seed selection, in time pull out diseased plant and with the sick cave of lime disinfection, ditch cleaning draining in rainy season, reduction soil moisture.
2. the notoginseng planting method in high height above sea level according to claim 1 zone is characterized in that 1) physical features is selected the north slope in ditch, river or half cloudy half light or the Schattenseite of Dong Po in the step (2), take Northeast Slope as best.
3. the notoginseng planting method in high height above sea level according to claim 1 zone is characterized in that before the sowing seed before transplanting cultivating soil and seedling being carried out sterilization treatment with 1-2 kind bactericide seed soaking.
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Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103749144A (en) * | 2014-02-08 | 2014-04-30 | 文山华信三七股份有限公司 | Method for planting large rhizomes of panax notoginseng |
| CN103988683A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-20 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for planting Panax notoginseng |
| CN104126461A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-11-05 | 文山华信三七股份有限公司 | Frost injury prevention method and special-purposed frost prevention shed used in radix notoginseng cultivation |
| CN104126390A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-11-05 | 普定县起帆农业科技有限公司 | Rapid pseudo-ginseng seedling growing planting method |
| CN104396526A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 成都红柿子科技有限公司 | Pseudo-ginseng planting method |
| CN104938178A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-30 | 云南农业大学 | Cultivation method for increasing saponin content of notoginseng root tubers |
| CN105123178A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-09 | 韩颖 | Plantation method for pseudo-ginseng under trees |
| CN105409515A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-23 | 曲靖市菱原商贸有限公司 | Method for planting panax notoginseng in mountain forest region |
| CN105830715A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-10 | 贵州务川绿源中药材种植开发有限公司 | Acclimatization method of cochinchnese asparagus roots |
| CN105850432A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 贵州务川绿源中药材种植开发有限公司 | Asparagus cochinchinensis cultivation method |
| CN106258435A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | A kind of Radix Notoginseng seedling sylvan life Tending methods |
| CN106258593A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-04 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | The physical method of cultivation of pseudo-ginseng substrate recycling |
| CN106305079A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Pseudo-ginseng seed under-forest cultivation method |
| CN106305180A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Method for dimming planting process of radix notoginseng by using dimmable awning |
| CN106305078A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Method for transplanting undergrowth radix notoginseng seedlings |
| CN106305229A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Comprehensive prevention and control measure of frost injuries and snow freezing of radix notoginseng at seedling emergence stage |
| CN106358653A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Industrialized pesticide-residue-free cultivation method for panax notoginseng |
| CN108029491A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-05-15 | 丽江滇西本草药业有限公司 | A kind of High aititude notoginseng planting method |
| CN108293750A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-07-20 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | A kind of environment control method cultivated for Vietnam Radix Notoginseng |
| CN108293706A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2018-07-20 | 双牌县槐树脚药材种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of Radix Notoginseng |
| CN110521464A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-12-03 | 云南农业大学 | Radix Notoginseng caused by a kind of prevention and control high temperature drying does the physical method of ripe leaf disease |
| CN111861836A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-30 | 云南财经大学 | Three-dimensional mountain land planning method and device, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN112753514A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-05-07 | 贵州大学 | Special compound fertilizer suitable for Guizhou pseudo-ginseng introduction cultivation |
| CN113079989A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 刘昕 | Low-altitude area pseudo-ginseng planting method |
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Cited By (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103749144A (en) * | 2014-02-08 | 2014-04-30 | 文山华信三七股份有限公司 | Method for planting large rhizomes of panax notoginseng |
| CN103988683A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-20 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for planting Panax notoginseng |
| CN104126461A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-11-05 | 文山华信三七股份有限公司 | Frost injury prevention method and special-purposed frost prevention shed used in radix notoginseng cultivation |
| CN104126390B (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-05-25 | 普定县起帆农业科技有限公司 | A kind of pseudo-ginseng fast seedling growing implantation methods |
| CN104126390A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-11-05 | 普定县起帆农业科技有限公司 | Rapid pseudo-ginseng seedling growing planting method |
| CN104396526A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 成都红柿子科技有限公司 | Pseudo-ginseng planting method |
| CN104938178A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-30 | 云南农业大学 | Cultivation method for increasing saponin content of notoginseng root tubers |
| CN104938178B (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-10-17 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of cultural method for improving pseudo-ginseng root tuber saponin content |
| CN105123178A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-09 | 韩颖 | Plantation method for pseudo-ginseng under trees |
| CN105409515A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-23 | 曲靖市菱原商贸有限公司 | Method for planting panax notoginseng in mountain forest region |
| CN105850432A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 贵州务川绿源中药材种植开发有限公司 | Asparagus cochinchinensis cultivation method |
| CN105830715A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-10 | 贵州务川绿源中药材种植开发有限公司 | Acclimatization method of cochinchnese asparagus roots |
| CN108293706A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2018-07-20 | 双牌县槐树脚药材种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of Radix Notoginseng |
| CN108293750A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-07-20 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | A kind of environment control method cultivated for Vietnam Radix Notoginseng |
| CN106305079A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Pseudo-ginseng seed under-forest cultivation method |
| CN106305078A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Method for transplanting undergrowth radix notoginseng seedlings |
| CN106258435A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | A kind of Radix Notoginseng seedling sylvan life Tending methods |
| CN106305229A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Comprehensive prevention and control measure of frost injuries and snow freezing of radix notoginseng at seedling emergence stage |
| CN106305180A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Method for dimming planting process of radix notoginseng by using dimmable awning |
| CN106258593A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-04 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | The physical method of cultivation of pseudo-ginseng substrate recycling |
| CN106358653A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Industrialized pesticide-residue-free cultivation method for panax notoginseng |
| CN108029491A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-05-15 | 丽江滇西本草药业有限公司 | A kind of High aititude notoginseng planting method |
| CN110521464A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-12-03 | 云南农业大学 | Radix Notoginseng caused by a kind of prevention and control high temperature drying does the physical method of ripe leaf disease |
| CN112753514A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-05-07 | 贵州大学 | Special compound fertilizer suitable for Guizhou pseudo-ginseng introduction cultivation |
| CN111861836A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-30 | 云南财经大学 | Three-dimensional mountain land planning method and device, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN111861836B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-10-18 | 云南财经大学 | Three-dimensional mountain land planning method and device, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN113079989A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 刘昕 | Low-altitude area pseudo-ginseng planting method |
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