Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of grape 1 year twice production method for solving the problem that prior art exists.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical proposals:
1 year twice production method of grape of the present invention; Comprise open-air cultivating and growing phase Routine Management, the conventional temperature of sun glasshouse, humidity, illumination, rich water quality management; The regulation and control of branches and leaves flowers and fruits root growth, integrated pest prevention and control is characterized in that utilizing annual grapevine seedling hibernaculum result, and 1 year annual grapevine seedling of twice cultivation; Produce Table Grape 1 year twice, the whole production step is:
1) selected good grape variety was planted annual grape seedlings in the soil container annual mid-April,
2) soil container that will plant annual grape seedlings is planted in the ditch that has dug,
3) annual grapevine seedling is carried out open-air cultivating and growing phase Routine Management, grows into grape branch,
4) in annual mid or late October annual grapevine seedling is carried out pruning before the winter protection, keeps the hibernaculum on the annual grape branch,
5) will be solid in soil container through the branch dish of the annual grapevine seedling after pruning,
6) branch that coils good admittedly annual grapevine seedling is covered with sand,
7) late October to early November trip out store into temperature adjusting through the container of the annual grapevine seedling that covers indoor,
8) temperature adjusting is indoor temperature is controlled at 0~-3 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 85~95%, does not make the grapevine seedling dehydration, makes grapevine seedling get into resting state,
9) cover light, temperature, humidity control in that temperature adjusting is indoor,
10) late January to early Febuary wakes up at the indoor grapevine seedling that carries out before cultivate the first time of temperature adjusting again, and grapevine seedling is waken up again when being warmed up to more than 4 ℃,
11) ditching in sun glasshouse, fertilising,
The container of the grapevine seedling that 12) will wake up again is transported to limes marginis, removes the sand of covering, and the root system of grapevine seedling is sprayed root-growing agent expedite the emergence of, grapevine seedling is sprayed the sterilization of 3-5 Baume degrees lime sulfur,
13) will expedite the emergence of through root system, the container of the grapevine seedling of plant sterilization plants in the ditch, irritates permeable after the backfill soil,
14) draw and tie up annual grape branch,
15) temperature in the sun glasshouse is controlled at 15~30 ℃, humidity is controlled at 50~90%, and illumination utilizes reflective membrane and light to replenish when not enough, promote grape growth ripe,
16) grapevine seedling of cultivating in the sun glasshouse is carried out the routine techniques management, utilize the hibernaculum result on the annual grape branch, the growth of regulation and control branches and leaves flowers and fruits; Ozone generator is set simultaneously the branches and leaves flowers and fruits are carried out adjusting and controlling growth; The ozone sterilization that utilizes ozone generator to produce increases the carbon dioxide content in the sun glasshouse simultaneously, and grapevine seedling is carried out adjusting and controlling growth; Sun glasshouse's rich water is carried out the routine techniques management
17) carry out integrated pest prevention and control with sun glasshouse's Routine Management technology,
18) grape maturity, gather, go on the market,
19) dig out grapevine seedling and container,
20) get into second production process: late July wakes up at the indoor grapevine seedling that carries out before cultivate the second time of temperature adjusting again; Grapevine seedling is waken up again when being warmed up to more than 4 ℃; Repeat above-mentioned production stage 11)~19); Utilize year January mid or late December to the second reflective membrane and light to increase illumination then, utilize heater to improve temperature, promote grape growth ripe.
The indoor temperature of described temperature adjusting is controlled at 0~-2 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 90~95%.
Temperature in the described sun glasshouse is controlled at 18~28 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 70~75%.
[0009]Heat up before the described cultivation first time, be warmed up to 4--8 ℃ before the cultivation for the second time.
[0010]Described seedless fragrant sweet grape or the amethyst rose grape of containing that filters out good grape variety for precocity, stable high yield, strong, the suitable greenhouse culture of premunition.
[0011]The main innovate point of 1 year twice production method of grape of the present invention is:
1) utilize the temperature adjusting chamber to make annual grapevine seedling dormancy, multiple waking up, satisfy grape in dormancy, the manufacturing requirements of waking up, covering light again;
2) utilize sun glasshouse to make annual grapevine seedling growth, result, ripe basic facilities cultivation condition, with the manufacturing requirements of the illumination of satisfying annual grapevine seedling growth, result, mature period, temperature, humidity;
3) utilize annual grapevine seedling hibernaculum result, and 1 year annual grapevine seedling of twice cultivation, 1 year twice production Table Grape.
4) utilize reflective membrane and light for sun glasshouse replenishes illumination, utilize heater to improve temperature;
5) ozone that utilizes ozone generator to produce carries out sterilization to the branches and leaves flowers and fruits, has increased carbon dioxide in air content in the sun glasshouse simultaneously, promotes the grapevine seedling growth.
The present invention has broken through the traditional production technique of 1 year one season of northern area producing Table Grape; Changed northern area soil grape production occupation mode, made vintage improve three times; Land utilization rate doubles; Benefit improves three times; Improved the utilization rate of labour power; The mouthfeel of product, output, benefit, safety are superior under the open-air natural conditions grape of cultivation and traditional sun glasshouse's cultivation.
The practical implementation formula
Below in conjunction with embodiment embodiment of the present invention is described.
1 year twice production method of grape of the present invention; Comprise open-air cultivating and growing phase Routine Management, the conventional temperature of sun glasshouse, humidity, illumination, rich water quality management; The regulation and control of branches and leaves flowers and fruits root growth, integrated pest prevention and control is characterized in that using annual grapevine seedling hibernaculum result, and 1 year annual grapevine seedling of twice cultivation; Produce Table Grape 1 year twice, the whole production step is:
1) selected good grape variety was planted annual grape seedlings in the soil container annual mid-April,
2) soil container that will plant annual grape seedlings is planted in the ditch that has dug,
3) annual grapevine seedling is carried out open-air cultivating and growing phase Routine Management, grows into grape branch,
4) in annual mid or late October annual grapevine seedling is carried out pruning before the winter protection, keeps the hibernaculum on the annual grape branch,
5) will be solid in soil container through the branch dish of the annual grapevine seedling after pruning,
6) branch that coils good admittedly annual grapevine seedling is covered with sand,
7) late October to early November trip out store into temperature adjusting through the container of the annual grapevine seedling that covers indoor,
8) temperature adjusting is indoor temperature is controlled at 0~-3 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 85~95%, does not make the grapevine seedling dehydration, makes grapevine seedling get into resting state,
9) cover light, temperature, humidity control in that temperature adjusting is indoor,
10) late January to early Febuary wakes up at the indoor grapevine seedling that carries out before cultivate the first time of temperature adjusting again, and grapevine seedling is waken up again when being warmed up to more than 4 ℃,
11) ditching in sun glasshouse, fertilising,
The container of the grapevine seedling that 12) will wake up again is transported to limes marginis, removes the sand of covering, and the root system of grapevine seedling is sprayed root-growing agent expedite the emergence of, grapevine seedling is sprayed the sterilization of 3-5 Baume degrees lime sulfur,
13) will expedite the emergence of through root system, the container of the grapevine seedling of plant sterilization plants in the ditch, irritates permeable after the backfill soil,
14) draw and tie up annual grape branch,
15) temperature in the sun glasshouse is controlled at 15~30 ℃, humidity is controlled at 50~90%, and illumination utilizes reflective membrane and light to replenish when not enough, promote grape growth ripe,
16) grapevine seedling of cultivating in the sun glasshouse is carried out the routine techniques management, utilize the hibernaculum result on the annual grape branch, the growth of regulation and control branches and leaves flowers and fruits; Ozone generator is set simultaneously the branches and leaves flowers and fruits are carried out adjusting and controlling growth; The ozone sterilization that utilizes ozone generator to produce increases the carbon dioxide content in the sun glasshouse simultaneously, and grapevine seedling is carried out adjusting and controlling growth; Sun glasshouse's rich water is carried out the routine techniques management
17) carry out integrated pest prevention and control with sun glasshouse's Routine Management technology,
18) grape maturity, gather, go on the market,
19) dig out grapevine seedling and container,
20) get into second production process: late July wakes up at the indoor grapevine seedling that carries out before cultivate the second time of temperature adjusting again; Grapevine seedling is waken up again when being warmed up to more than 4 ℃; Repeat above-mentioned production stage 11)~19); Utilize year January mid or late December to the second reflective membrane and light to increase illumination then, utilize heater to improve temperature, promote grape growth ripe.
Embodiment 1
The indoor temperature of described temperature adjusting is controlled at 0~-3 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 90~95%.
Temperature in the described sun glasshouse is controlled at 18~28 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 70~75%.
[0016]Heat up before the described cultivation first time, be warmed up to 4--8 ℃ before the cultivation for the second time.
Embodiment 2
Described seedless fragrant sweet grape or the amethyst rose grape of containing that filters out good grape variety for precocity, stable high yield, strong, the suitable greenhouse culture of premunition.
[0018]The present invention has broken through the traditional production technique of 1 year one season of northern area producing Table Grape; Changed northern area soil grape production occupation mode, made vintage improve three times; Benefit improves three times; Land utilization rate doubles; Improved the utilization rate of labour power; The mouthfeel of product, output, benefit, safety are superior under the open-air natural conditions grape of cultivation and traditional sun glasshouse's cultivation.