CN103314748A - Seedling raising method of highbred honeysuckles - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling raising method of highbred honeysuckles by tender stem cutting. The seedling raising method includes steps that: non-lignified tender stems on stock plants of 1-year-old to 3-year-old highbred honeysuckles are selected and processed through growth hormones, cutting is performed with perlites serving as base materials in a greenhouse with adjustable temperature and adjustable humidity, roots grow in about two weeks, and the tender stems are transplanted to a big field for seedling hardening after 18-22 days. Compared with the prior art, the seedling raising method of the highbred honeysuckles has the advantages that the time of seedling raising by cutting is short, only two moths is needed from stem selection to big field transplanting, and the time is shortened by 60% compared with normal seedling raising; the seedling raising survival rate is very high and can reach 92%; the root system of seedlings cultured in the method is developed, and the new growing branches are sturdy and grow vigorously, grow up to seedlings and bloom in two years and are in full bloom in three years. The seedling raising method of the highbred honeysuckles leads breeding of the highbred honeysuckles not to be limited by regions and seasons, greatly shortens the seedling raising period and improves the seedling raising survival rate of the highbred honeysuckles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of breeding honeysuckle, specifically is grow seedlings selection, cuttage processing and the breeding method of cuttage branch of a kind of honeysuckle.
Background technology
Honeysuckle is traditional large traditional Chinese medicine and large outlet medicinal material, and main product is in Shandong, Henan and other places, and Shandong is as the main place of production of honeysuckle, and its planting area mainly concentrates on Linyi Prefecture, Shandong and near districts and cities thereof.Total cultivated area reaches 300,000 mu.In long-term cultivation process, the Shandong honeysuckle is producing very big variation aspect the output of plant forms and medicinal material, the quality, and plantation colony mixes, old kind when degenerating immunity also in decline, thereby cause damage by disease and insect to be on the rise, directly influence the industry development of honeysuckle.
Shandong Ya Te ecological technique Co., Ltd in 2010 success seed selection " Ya Te ", " inferior special red ", " Ya Teliben " 3 kinds, and having passed through the breeding authorization of the forest variety certification committee of the State Administration of Forestry, the China that is through with does not have the history of honeysuckle breeding.Along with the generation of breeding and the expansion gradually of honeysuckle cultivated area, the demand of breeding honeysuckle seedling enlarges day by day, how accelerates the breeding honeysuckle on the basis that guarantees its good genetic character and breeds and become problem demanding prompt solution.
Inferior special breeding honeysuckle is upright this undershrub, amount of growth compare with common honeysuckle kind double above, its biological character be uprightly, multi-branched, the branch shape is sturdy, not obvious winding.Honeysuckle breeds the vegetative propagation mode that seedling is generally selected cuttage for use, the selection of survival rate and branch, the process of cultivation and condition have very big relation, therefore, in the seedling raising process selection of specification, training method and the condition of breeding honeysuckle branch to the great influence of having survived of seedling.
Find through the literature search to prior art, Wang Huili is at " Shanxi agricultural science " (Vol.40, No.3,2012,241～242) delivered " technical research of honeysuckle cottage propagation ", discover and select the branch of 1～2 year semi-lignified on the living honeysuckle to be easy to generate callus, the power of taking root is strong.The selection of cuttage bar requires generally have the bud more than 3 for about length 10cm, stays 2 leaflets in cutting top, before the cuttage bottom is soaked in clear water 2 hours, controls solid carbon dioxide then, and base portion dipped in root precious No. 23 hours, according to spacing in the rows 4cm cuttage.Rootage duration was 2～3 weeks, rooting rate highest order 80%, and cutting time is September.Wang Junming is at " Shaanxi forestry science and technology " (No.3,2005,81) delivered " honeysuckle cuttage technique " on, discover that honeysuckle is hard, spray all can utilize husky matrix to carry out cuttage, handle with ABT1 number before the cuttage, survival rate can reach 96.7%, and required time was 2～3 week, but cutting time is applicable to last, the middle ten days in July.Lan Afeng is at " Xibei Forest College's journal " (Vol.21, No.2,2006,93～96) delivered " research of honeysuckle cuttage raise seedling technique " on, discover that to select for use 2 years living 4mm slightly not have leaf fringe bar ideal, it is the highest to use the IBA of 100mg/L to soak a 30min survival rate.Wang Wenjing is at " Shaanxi forestry science and technology " (No.3,2009,46～48) delivered " experimental study of honeysuckle cuttage and seedling culture " on, discover that the honeysuckle cutting time is good with the preceding 7～August that enters the hottest period of the summer, grow seedlings summer and take cool canopy and can improve honeysuckle emergence rate 10%～15%, emergence rate with 1 year living branch plugged ear is up to 81.9%, with inserting with the key measure of watering the permeable guarantee fund's of being honeysuckle flower cuttage and seedling culture.Chen Xingfu is at " CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA " (Vol.33, No.11,2008,1240～1242) delivered " influence that cutting time grows to the gold and silver flower seedling " on, discovered that the cuttage in spring is conducive to surviving of honeysuckle, utilize the annotinous branch on the perennial honeysuckle plant, keep 2 joints on each cuttage bar, the joint in the physiology upper end keeps the branch about 1cm, and the lower end keeps the branch about 2.5cm, in cuttage by stages in February～March, March, high-servival rate was 81.33%.Liao Lin has delivered " growth regulatory substance and degree of lignification are to the influence of honeysuckle cutting propagation " (No.4 on " northern gardening ", 2012,161～163), research is material with the leaflet honeysuckle, different degrees of lignification with different IBA, IBA and NAA mixing root-growing agent and fringe bar are research object, the IBA that finds 30mg/L is conducive to taking root of leaflet honeysuckle as root-growing agent and germinates, and degree of lignification does not all have too much influence to rootage duration and the germinating time of honeysuckle.
The application for a patent for invention that Chinese patent application number is 200610050985.4, publication number is CN1820585A discloses a kind of high efficiency breeding technology for lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle, and purpose is to provide the propagation method of a kind of seedling percent height, lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle that cost is low.Technical scheme comprises adopts a garden sterilization, deinsectization and nursery bed disinfection, sterilization, adopts branch, beta pruning, cuttage, seedbed management and heeling in; Seedbed management stage wherein, pot-life and the control of the relative moisture of callus phase is 60～80%, and the ground temperature control is controlled at 15～30 ℃ at 25～28 ℃, room temperature; The seedling percent of largeflower-like honeysuckle flower can reach more than 70%, and the cost of average every strain only is 0.8 yuan.
China's number of applying for a patent is that 201010113546.X, publication number are the engrafting and cultivating method that the patent of invention of CN101766092A discloses a kind of honeysuckle, solution of the present invention is: 1, the cultivation of stock, adopting the fruit of local wild kind largeflower-like honeysuckle flower breeds, the largeflower-like honeysuckle flower seedling that cultivates is got the long 10～12cm of subterraneous root, root diameter 0.5～1.5cm.The ground plant keeps below the 5cm, and is standby 15～20 ℃ of preservations.2, the cultivation of grafting fringe bar is got the branch of wild largeflower-like honeysuckle flower of life in 1～2 year as grafting fringe bar, and is standby 15～20 ℃ of preservations.3, enter resting stage honeysuckle, ready above-mentioned stock and grafting fringe strip adoption " cortex grafting " method are carried out grafting.4, implanting soil cultivation after the grafting survives.The plant that the present invention cultivates is planted in 3 years on request just can reach high yield.
Above-mentioned technology exists following defective or deficiency: first, the above honeysuckle cuttage technique all is subjected to the restriction of Various Seasonal, it is bigger that the cuttage in summer is subjected to such environmental effects such as temperature, rainfall, the cuttage in autumn then needs the time oversize, taking 1 year spring could sprout, and be subjected to the influence of autumn and winter season strong wind, low temperature, cuttage seeding survival rate instability; The second, general cottage method all adopts fine sand as matrix, and water retention property is poor, and water requirement is big, and temperature difference variation obviously is unfavorable for the growth of cuttage seeding new root; The 3rd, the branch of the new semi-lignified of sprouting is then all selected in the selection of general cuttage branch for use, and cambium is undeveloped, be difficult for taking root or rootage duration longer, and lignified structure causes scattering and disappearing of moisture easily, makes the cuttage seeding dehydration dead.Therefore, along with the large-area popularization of breeding honeysuckle, pressing for that research and development are a kind of can large-scale promotion, and affected by environment little, the cottage method that cultivation speed is fast and survival rate is high is in order to satisfy breeding honeysuckle demand to seedling in large tracts of land popularization process.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned prior art, for overcoming deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of tender stem cuttage raise seedling technique and perlite breeding method that is suitable for breeding honeysuckle fast breeding.The present invention is simple, can make the cuttage survival rate of breeding honeysuckle improve 20%, reaches 92%, and cutting time shortens 60%.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The tender stem cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of breeding honeysuckle, step is as follows: select the tender stem of not lignification in the breeder mother's strain in 1～3 year of breeding honeysuckle, after handling with somatotropin, carry out cuttage with perlite as matrix, carry out in the greenhouse of adjustable temperature, humidity in the cuttage place, take root in about 2 weeks, after 18～22 days, transplant to the land for growing field crops hardening.
Preferably, select 1～3 year maternal plant age, the not lignification branch of the thick 2.05～4.32mm in footpath, 2 years maternal plant ages most preferably are about the thick 3mm in footpath, two joints, upper end have the not lignification branch of two leaves.
Preferably, described somatotropin is IBA, and concentration for the treatment of is 100 mg/litre, and a time of soaking is 30～40 minutes.
Preferably, described matrix (seedbed material) is thick 20cm, the perlite of wide 100cm, and further, automatic water sprinkler systme is established in its upper end, and the sunshade net shelters from heat or light.
Preferably, described cuttage mode is: after cuttage seeding is ready to, vertically insert seedbed 5～10cm, seeding row spacing is 5cm, stays upper end two leaves, and regularly water spray guarantees that the perlite suction keeps saturated.
Preferably, after the cuttage, the control greenhouse temperature is at 15～20 ℃, and humidity: the perlite suction keeps saturated; After 18～22 days (cuttage seeding is taken root), cuttage seeding is vertically planted into high 20cm according to seeding row spacing 5～10cm, on the seedbed, land for growing field crops of wide 100cm, hardening is pressed the 1*1.5m seeding row spacing and is transplanted to big Tanaka after 30 days.
The tender stem cuttage and seedling culture method of breeding honeysuckle of the present invention compared with prior art, has following useful effect: the cuttage and seedling culture time is short, only needs 2 months time from the choosing branch to field-transplanting, shortens 60% than common seedling raise period; The survival rate of seedling superelevation can reach 92%; With the seedlings root prosperity that the inventive method is cultivated, the New Development branch is sturdy, and growing way is good, and rapid Cheng Miao is bloomed in 2 years, 3 years Dasheng flowers (table 5).The tender stem cuttage and seedling culture method of breeding honeysuckle of the present invention makes the breeding honeysuckle breed the restriction that is not subjected to region, season, has shortened growing-seedling period greatly, has improved the honeysuckle survival rate of seedling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: cuttage schematic diagram.
Fig. 2: hardening schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the test and embodiment the present invention is further illustrated.
Test
Test according to following method and evaluation index, obtain the best approach of breeding honeysuckle cuttage:
At first be the selection of cuttage bar: select 1～3 year maternal plant age, the footpath slightly from not lignification, semi-lignified and lignified substantially " Ya Te " breeding honeysuckle branch of 2.05～4.32mm as the cuttage bar.Experimental result is as shown in table 1, and experimental result shows that selecting the maternal plant age is that 1 year thick not lignification branch about 3.00mm in footpath is conducive to surviving of cuttage bar most as the cuttage bar, and survival rate is about 92.5%.
The influence of table 1 cutting character pair cuttage seeding survival rate
Secondly, the selection of plant growth regulator, concentration and soak time: plant growth regulator is conducive to wound healing, this experimental study IBA, NAA, IAA, ABT, wound healing phase of CK, the phase of taking root, biomass of individual tree, survives the influence of seedling one-level lateral root length, cuttage survival rate etc.The result is shown in table 2-table 4, and the result shows, uses 100mgL
-1IBA soak 30～40min after effect best, the wound healing phase is the shortest, can take root about general 2 weeks, the cuttage seeding survival rate can reach 81%.The inferior special honeysuckle individual plant dried flower output of cuttage after 3 years is 0.78kg, and output is the 152.9%(table 5 of common leaflet honeysuckle).
Table 2 growth regulator is to the influence of cuttage bar survival rate
Table 3IBA concentration is to the influence of cuttage bar survival rate and growth
Table 4IBA soaks the root time to the influence of cuttage bar survival rate and growth
Table 53 year living breeding honeysuckle amount of growth application form
Cuttage seeding is carried out cuttage after IBA soaks, two leaves are stayed in cuttage branch upper end, and the lower end is inserted perlite and grown seedlings in the bed about 5cm,
In this test, the cuttage condition is: the cuttage spacing in the rows is about 2cm, and line-spacing is about 5cm, and water spray makes the perlite suction keep saturated after the cuttage, and temperature is about 15～20 ℃, as shown in Figure 1 in the maintenance greenhouse.
On above-mentioned experimental basis, after 20 days, the honeysuckle seedling that will take root carries out hardening, hardening height of bed 20cm, wide 100cm vertically is written into by seeding row spacing 5～10cm seedling of will taking root, the hardening time is January, as shown in Figure 2, presses the 1*1.5m seeding row spacing after the hardening and transplants to big Tanaka.
The tender stem cuttage and seedling culture method of embodiment 1 breeding honeysuckle
Operating procedure is as follows:
(1) selection of cuttage bar: select growth vigorous, 2 years living breeding honeysuckles of no damage by disease and insect during to the 20cm left and right sides, are selected not lignification at shoot growth, directly slightly when the 3mm left and right sides it are cut.The cuttage branch keeps 2 internodes, and top bud upper end and low side bud lower end keep 2～3cm respectively, and the upper end is cut into flat mouthful, keeps top 2 leaves, and smooth ramp at 45 is cut in the lower end, and length is 15～20cm.
(2) dip in root: will select to prune good per 100 strains of cuttage branch and tie into 1 bundle, the lower end is immersed in 100mgL
-1IBA in, the time is 30min.
(3) cuttage: will dip in honeysuckle cuttage bar behind the root according to line-spacing 5cm, the cuttage of the spacing in the rows 2cm left and right sides is to wide 100cm, in the perlite seedbed of thick 20cm, the cuttage degree of depth is about 5cm, compress after the cuttage, with sprinkling irrigation system perlite is irrigated, keep the perlite saturation moisture content, the temperature in the control greenhouse is about 20 ℃.Take root in 2～3 weeks, cuttage survival rate is 92%.
(4) hardening: after 20 days, the honeysuckle cuttage branch that to take root slowly digs out from pearlite interstitial substance with little spade, transplant to being rich in organic sandy loam hardening Tanaka, Tanaka's ridging, the high 20cm in ridge, wide 100cm, the seedling that will take root according to seeding row spacing 10cm vertically plant into, the finishing back water spray of planting irrigates.Transplant to the land for growing field crops hardening 30 backs, and according to the seeding row spacing field planting of 1*1.5m, planting survival rates is 90.4%.
The tender stem cuttage and seedling culture method of embodiment 2 breeding honeysuckles
Operating procedure is as follows:
(1) selection of cuttage bar: select not lignified 3 years living honeysuckle cuttage branches, about the thick 3mm in cuttage bar footpath, the cuttage branch keeps 3 internodes, bud upper end, top and low side bud lower end keep 2～3cm respectively, the upper end is cut into flat mouthful, keep top 2 leaves, smooth ramp at 45 is cut in the lower end, and length is 15～20cm.
(2) dip in root: will select to prune good per 100 strains of cuttage branch and tie into 1 bundle, the lower end is immersed in 100mgL
-1IBA in, the time is 40min.
(3) cuttage: will dip in honeysuckle cuttage bar behind the root according to line-spacing 5cm, the cuttage of the spacing in the rows 2cm left and right sides is to wide 100cm, in the perlite seedbed of thick 20cm, the cuttage degree of depth is about 5cm, compress after the cuttage, with sprinkling irrigation system perlite is irrigated, keep the perlite saturation moisture content, the temperature in the control greenhouse is about 25 ℃.Take root in 2～3 weeks, cuttage survival rate is 90%.
(4) hardening: after 20 days, the honeysuckle cuttage branch that will take root slowly digs out from pearlite interstitial substance with little spade, transplants to being rich in organic hardening Tanaka, Tanaka's ridging, the high 20cm in ridge, wide 100cm, the seedling that will take root according to seeding row spacing 10cm vertically plant into, the finishing back water spray of planting irrigates.Hardening was transplanted to the land for growing field crops after 30 days, and according to the seeding row spacing field planting of 1*1.5m, planting survival rates is 88%.
Claims (6)
1. the seedling-cultivating method of a breeding honeysuckle, it is characterized in that: step is as follows: select the tender stem of not lignification in the breeder mother's strain in 1～3 year of breeding honeysuckle, after handling with somatotropin, carry out cuttage with perlite as matrix, carry out in the greenhouse of adjustable temperature, humidity in the cuttage place, after 18～22 days, transplant to the land for growing field crops hardening.
2. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of breeding honeysuckle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: select 1～3 year maternal plant age, the not lignification branch of the thick 2.05～4.32mm in footpath carries out cuttage.
3. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of breeding honeysuckle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described somatotropin is IBA, and concentration for the treatment of is 100 mg/litre, a time of soaking is 30～40 minutes.
4. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of breeding honeysuckle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described matrix is thick 20cm, the perlite of wide 100cm.
5. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of breeding honeysuckle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cuttage mode is: cuttage seeding is vertically inserted seedbed 5～10cm, and seeding row spacing is 5cm, stays upper end two leaves, regularly water spray guarantees that the perlite suction keeps saturated.
6. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of breeding honeysuckle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after the cuttage, the control greenhouse temperature is at 15～20 ℃, and humidity: the perlite suction keeps saturated; After 18～22 days, the cuttage seeding that will take root is vertically planted into high 20cm according to seeding row spacing 5～10cm, and on the seedbed, land for growing field crops of wide 100cm, hardening is pressed the 1.5*1m seeding row spacing and transplanted to big Tanaka after 30 days.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104054481A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-24 | 卞佳林 | Cutting and seedling method of honeysuckle |
| CN105210621A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-06 | 广西防城港市宏峰农林开发有限公司 | A kind of seedling-cultivating method of white stone tooth tea |
| CN105532225A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-04 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Cuttage propagating method for lonicera japonica |
| CN105638293A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-08 | 临沂大学 | Rapid seedling transplanting method of annual and biennial herbaceous flowers |
| CN106034935A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-10-26 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Amelanchier canadensis autumn twig cutting seedling method |
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| CN105210621A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-06 | 广西防城港市宏峰农林开发有限公司 | A kind of seedling-cultivating method of white stone tooth tea |
| CN105532225A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-04 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Cuttage propagating method for lonicera japonica |
| CN105638293A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-08 | 临沂大学 | Rapid seedling transplanting method of annual and biennial herbaceous flowers |
| CN106034935A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-10-26 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Amelanchier canadensis autumn twig cutting seedling method |
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