CN106417009A - Fig tissue culture and rapid propagation technology and method thereof - Google Patents
Fig tissue culture and rapid propagation technology and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106417009A CN106417009A CN201610735306.0A CN201610735306A CN106417009A CN 106417009 A CN106417009 A CN 106417009A CN 201610735306 A CN201610735306 A CN 201610735306A CN 106417009 A CN106417009 A CN 106417009A
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- fructus fici
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a fig tissue culture and rapid propagation technology and a method thereof. The technology is characterized in that figs with the advantages of fast growth, high yield, high fruit quantity, large fruit shape, good quality, high palatability, high output, good economic benefit, high yield of 1200 kg/Mu or above, and meeting of market needs are obtained through land selection, cutting method plantation, colonization, shaping and trimming, technologic management, pest and disease prevention, and tissue culture and rapid propagation. The technology and the method have the advantages of good feasibility, simplicity, convenience in technologic management, high fruit quantity and good benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fructus Fici planting technology, is characterized in that a kind of Fructus Fici group culturation rapid propagating technology and its method..
Background technology
Fructus Fici originates in mediterranean country, be ancient in the world one of cultivate apple trees, early in Han dynasty with regard to incoming China.
Fructus Fici is the hypanthodium for being expanded and formed by holder, and little Hua is hidden in holder, and people can only see the vacation of holder formation
Really, flower is can't see, therefore is referred to as " Fructus Fici ", be perennial deciduous fruit tree.Fructus Fici fruiting period is longer, has summer fruit and autumn fruit.No
The strong adaptability of flowers and fruits, requires to soil that sternly temperature is not less than in subzero 12 DEG C of environment, all energy normal growth, in China
The cold season in the north, cold-proof heat insulation measure is taken, can also be transplanted.Drought-enduring, shade tolerant, alkaline-resisting, with fast-growing, early bearing, high yield
Advantage.The modes of reproduction of Fructus Fici have multiple, much more general adopt cutting propagation, in 1 year in most month all can cuttage, survive
Rate is very high.The field planting of cutting seedling early spring next year can result, have even then can result, enter result quickly and contain phase, yield
Very high, per mu yield is up to more than 1000 kilograms.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Fructus Fici group culturation rapid propagating technology and its method, by selection of land, cottage method is planted
Kind, field planting, pruning, technical management, the anti-evil of insect prevention and numerous soon obtain that fast-growing, high yield, result be many, fruit shape is big, fruit quality better,
The strong Fructus Fici of palatability, yield is many, good in economic efficiency, more than 1200 kilograms of per mu yield, meets market demand.
The technical solution of the present invention is such, a kind of Fructus Fici group culturation rapid propagating technology and its method, it is characterised in that institute
The seedling breeding that states is carried out by the way of numerous soon, and which mainly comprises the following steps:
(1)The collection of explant and process:Select Fructus Fici fine individual plant gives birth to the full branch of internal organs bud then, and defoliation is after laundry
Powder water soaks 16min, and after outwash, tap water rinses 1h, is cut into long stem section of the 1~3cm with axillary bud, first with 75% ethanol disinfection 10s
Afterwards with aseptic washing 5 times, then with 0.25% mercuric chloride solution sterilization 22min, with standby after aseptic water washing 6 times;
(2)Initial culture:Above-mentioned stem section is inoculated in Initial culture base, first full light culture 42 days under the conditions of 26 DEG C, so
After be placed in daily illumination 12 hours, intensity of illumination is that described Initial culture base is 2500lx, until induced synthesis adventitious bud:
MS+6-BA1.3mg/L+NAA0.6mg/L+CPPU0.08 mg/L+ Ad1.3mg/L+ sucrose 20g/L+ agar 5g/L, pH are
5.9;
(3)Enrichment culture:Above-mentioned adventitious bud is proceeded on proliferated culture medium carries out enrichment culture, first in 26 DEG C of conditions after inoculation
Full light culture 12 days, are subsequently placed in daily illumination 16 hours down, and intensity of illumination is 5000lx, cultivation temperature under conditions of 26 DEG C
Culture, once, described proliferated culture medium is for switching in 52 days:MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L+IBA0.4mg/L+
Ad1.2mg/L+ sucrose 22g/L+ agar 6g/L, pH are 5.8;
(4)Root culture:The Multiple Buds cutting that above-mentioned height is about 2cm is inoculated on root media and carries out root culture,
First full light culture 10 days under the conditions of 26 DEG C after inoculation, then illumination daily 16 hours, intensity of illumination is 5500lx, cultivation temperature
For cultivating under conditions of 26 DEG C to taking root, described root media is:1/2MS+IBA0.8mg/L+GGR1.2mg/L+
PG12mg/L+ sucrose 18g/L+ agar 6g/L, pH are 5.8;
(5)Acclimatization and transplantses:After the rooting tube plantlet of high about 8~10cm is gone bottle cap to be placed in natural lighting lower refining seedling 5~7 days, will
Test tube seedling is taken out from culture bottle, washes root culture medium off, plants in the substrate being mixed into by peat soil and yellow sand mud and is colonized
In big Tanaka.
Described drop-proof agent is watered 72% drop-proof agent of 120kg for 1g.
Described gibberellins mixed liquor is+0.06% boric acid mixed liquor of+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of+0.2% carbamide of 0.008% gibberellins.
Present invention advantage compared with prior art is:Production method is feasible, process is simple, field planting, shaping, technical management side
Just, numerous soon, fast-growing, high yield, result are many, fruit shape is big, profitable.
Specific embodiment
Below the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
1. selection of land will select no saline and alkaline soil:Though its salt resistance alkali, containing saline and alkaline slightly higher, the cuttage phase is vulnerable and lethal to die, should
Preferably the high soil of the husky earth of fertile soil and the content of organic matter.
2. cutting is adopted:After should falling leaves in the fall, resin stops gathering during flowing, and such as spring adopts cutting and then will carry out before germination.Adopt
The sprouting branch of elite stand ground or elite stand trunk bottom makees cutting, is the quality for ensureing storage, and cutting should be placed on clear water before storage
In soaked 3 days or so, by one layer of cutting, one layer of sandy soil after fishing for, pour suitable quantity of water to keep ground moistening.
3. cottage method:With rugosity is suitable, the smooth day hair stubble of clip, no cleave, length carries out skewer in the cutting of 20 cm
Insert.Treatment in accordance with local conditions is wanted first whole for ground thin, fertilising to be done bed, 50 centimetres of general bedside, 33 cm of the height of bed or does 35 centimetres little
Ridge, ridge away from 35 cm, with ridging, with cuttage, with watering, cuttage depth 17-18 centimetre.Cutting time should be rested in works as
Ground can be 3 days or so before the healing and taking root phase, and now cuttage can reduce the impact of extraneous bad climate, its healing fast growth.
4. the management after cuttage:Though the easy healing and taking root of Fructus Fici cutting, it is also noted that the management after cuttage, managing main points is:
1. its callus forms the phase, higher to temperature requirement, should improve ground temperature in time;Meanwhile, strengthen water supply.After healing and taking root
Phase cutting grows substantial amounts of Rhizoma Imperatae, and now temperature gradually rises, it should be noted that increase soil moisture.2. after healing and taking root and leaf renewal
Avoid slime water is poured, cut anti-paste leaf phenomenon and occur, the more outstanding of sunken bed cuttage should be noted that;3. adhere to seeing that soil moisture content waters,
Soil moisture will be poured less or not poured, if soil drought will water more, soil moisture regime to be kept is suitable;4. Fructus Fici is young
Seedling can not resist cold, and will carry out cold-proof before just jelly or cold spell in later spring(Freeze)Heat insulation work, simple method be bury soil or cover straw screen or mat,
The coverings such as leaveves, Caulis et Folium Oryzae;5., after seedling enters vegetative growth phase, adhere to gently applying once being combined based on nitrogenous fertilizer every month
Fertilizer.Dose is grown up according to Seedling and is gradually increased, and the increasing depth with Seedling root system, effect is applied with zanjon preferably, but it is noted that fertilising
When avoid hindering root.
Embodiment 2
1. it is colonized:In barren hill, rural area, garden cultivation.Using cultivations such as barren hill, rural area, gardens, its plantation density is typically appropriate
Increase density and 1 meter × 2 meters can be adopted, the single hole of field planting is deep 50--70 centimetre.A diameter of 40--60 centimetre, with the mixed fertilizer of phosphorous potassium
Etc. making base manure, field planting optimum period, should be before and after Clear and Bright in North China, and northeast is preferably before and after grain rains, and south can be transplanted after falling leaves in the fall calmly
Plant.Such as carry out potted plant, can in year survival after transplant at any time, but the phase of yielding positive results should be avoided.
2. pruning:The pruning of Fructus Fici is simpler, and trimming and finishing technical requirements are not high, typically adopts many major branches nature
Happy shape training type, but want Herb to retain 3 major branches, does not stay side shoot, major branch group directly give birth on major branch.Weight during treelet
Point does a good job of it culture major branch, and notes raising major branch angle, promotes multiple branch, reaches the rapid purpose for expanding tree crown.Enter just
After fruiting period, many culture branch groups are done a good job of it, to promote to form certain yield.Note during the best fruiting period skeleton branch is cultivated, update big-and-middle
Type branch group cuts the weak branch group of contracting.Serious to tree vigo(u)r aging or pest and disease damage, using the descendant for sending on base portion or branch or kryptoblast,
Major branch and branch group are cultivated again.Fructus Fici starts from mid-July, successively to November maturation.The harvesting of Fructus Fici typically preferably exists
The morning of fine day or dusk are carried out, and see that mature fruit top has an aperture crack, when there is the color and luster of intrinsic kind in peel,
Pluck.Overdone fruit adopt after not storage tolerance and transport.
3. rich water quality management:Fructus Fici sapling up-growth phase, such as base manure deficiency should then topdress. method be from 40 cm of main root
Place, 5 kilograms or so of the miscellaneous fertilizers that becomes thoroughly decomposed is applied in strain;Potted plant at least applies 1 kilogram.Age tree strain is become to apply 15 kilograms or so of agricultural fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed,
Potted plant will apply 2 kilograms or so, apply base manure before and after fallen leaves, and topdressing preferably in the prosperous long-term and rapid expanding stage of fruit of young sprout is
Good.Fructus Fici is the fruit tree of more resistance to fertilizer, but should lay particular stress on and apply phosphorus potash fertilizer, and the ratio of general nitrogen potassium is 0.5:1:1.Because which is more drought-enduring not
Waterlogging, young sprout growth and fruit expanding period water requirement larger, but for a long time by stain or the environment of hydrops weight, easily cause fallen flowers, shedding,
Fallen leaves, in addition dead, therefore also it is noted that carrying out water drainage draining.Potted plant also it is noted that draining, especially in heavy rain or heavy rain
Afterwards and even rainy season, it should be noted that rain cover or the control of falling basin water.
4. attention control pest and disease damage:The less generation pest and disease damage of Fructus Fici.Interim in fruit growth, it is easy special odor to be distributed to surrounding
Cause mulberry borer to cause harm;Bird pest is easily received when fruit is ripe.Mulberry borer is caught except manually flutterring, drive outside birds, can manually or medicine goes out
Worm's ovum.Also coloured plastic bar insertion field can be tied up with scarecrow and drives birds.
Embodiment 3
(1)Seedling breeding:Seedling select with Fructus Fici fine individual plant as explant material by fast reproduction technique come test tube
Seedling.Its process is as follows:The collection of explant and process:Select Fructus Fici fine individual plant gives birth to the full branch of internal organs bud, defoliation then
14min is soaked after detergent water, after outwash, tap water rinses 1.5h, is cut into stem section of the long 4cm with axillary bud, first uses 75% ethanol
With aseptic washing 5 times after sterilization 9s, then with 0.2% mercuric chloride solution sterilization 18min, with standby after aseptic water washing 6 times.Just it is commissioned to train
Support:Above-mentioned stem section is inoculated in Initial culture base, first full light culture 42 days under the conditions of 29 DEG C, then illumination 11 daily is little
When, intensity of illumination is 2500lx, until induced synthesis adventitious bud.Described Initial culture base is:MS+6-BA1.3mg/L+
NAA0.5mg/L+CPPU0.06mg/L+ Ad1.3mg/L+ sucrose 20g/L+ agar 6g/L, pH are 5.8.Enrichment culture:Will be above-mentioned
Adventitious bud proceed on proliferated culture medium and carry out enrichment culture, first full light culture 11 days under the conditions of 29 DEG C after inoculation, then per
Its illumination 15 hours, intensity of illumination is 5000lx, to be placed in cultivation temperature for cultivating under conditions of 29 DEG C, and switching in 52 days is once.Institute
The proliferated culture medium that states is:MS+6-BA0.9mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L+IBA0.4mg/L+Ad1.2mg/L+ sucrose 25g/L+ fine jade
Fat 6g/L, pH are 5.8.4. root culture:The Multiple Buds cutting that above-mentioned height is about 2cm is inoculated on root media and carries out
Root culture, first full light culture 10 days under the conditions of 29 DEG C after inoculation, then illumination daily 15 hours, intensity of illumination is
5000lx, cultivation temperature is cultivated to taking root under conditions of being 28 DEG C.Described root media is:1/2MS+IBA0.8mg/L+
GGR1.3mg/L+PG13mg/L+ sucrose 18g/L+ agar 5g/L, pH are 5.8.5. acclimatization and transplantses:Test tube of taking root by high about 7cm
Seedling goes bottle cap natural lighting lower refining seedling after 9 days, test tube seedling is taken out from culture bottle, is washed root culture medium off, plant into by peat
In soil and the substrate that is mixed into of yellow sand mud and it is colonized in big Tanaka, transplanting survival rate more than 93%.
(2)Field-transplanting
1. edaphic condition:Select that soil layer is deep, subacidity, well-drained red soil or yellow earth hilly upland;
2. atmospheric condition:Air is throughout the year pollution-free, air index II be 0.5 between;
3. illumination condition:The opening in below height above sea level 450m illumination abundance is selected to be planted;
4. condition of water quality:Annual rainfall the rain heat same period, has the water source and facility for being available for irrigating between 1600mm;
5. line-spacing specification:Carry out digging cave by seeding row spacing 1.2m × 1.4m, first base manure made by appropriate farm manure, covers fine earth and passes the winter,
After spring rain, fine day or cloudy day are transplanted;
(3)Field management
1. intertill:Middle weeding is carried out after transplanting every year;
2. water and fertilizer management:After field planting, N is pressed using radiation byfurrow method:P2O5:K2O=1:0.6:0.8 joins and applies azophoska, and the best fruiting period presses
N:P2O5:K2O=1:0.7:0.9=1:0.7:1.2 join and apply azophoska.
3. irrigation and drainage management:Trophophase and fruit expanding period should keep 60% field capacity so that ground moistening.Flower bud differentiation period
50% field capacity is kept, is reduced water supply after late fall and be beneficial to fruit tree and timely enter rest period.
4. management is pruned:Treelet is expanded based on shrubbery and shaping with cultivating, then mainly thin and delicate in strain to remove to becoming age tree
Based on branch, aging branch, sick branch, overstocked branch and retraction old branch.
(4)Flower and fruit management
Pollination:Awarded and feather duster rolling pollination using putting honeybee and manually putting;
Fruit retention:Young fruit period sprays 72% drop-proof agent that 1g is watered 130kg, and fruit expanding period sprays+0.3% carbamide of 0.008% gibberellins
+ 0.08% boric acid mixed liquor of+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out fruit retention.
(5)The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:Main pest and disease damage mainly has anthrax, fruit rot, dark mildew, aphid, aleyrodid, Gryllus Chinensiss and birds
Deng to put prevention first, carrying out integrated control with biological pesticide.
4 tissue-culturing rapid propagation mode of embodiment, which mainly comprises the following steps:
1. the collection of explant and process:Select Fructus Fici fine individual plant gives birth to the full branch of internal organs bud then, and defoliation is after laundry
Powder water soaks 16min, and after outwash, tap water rinses 1h, is cut into long stem section of the 1~3cm with axillary bud, first with 75% ethanol disinfection 10s
Afterwards with aseptic washing 5 times, then with 0.25% mercuric chloride solution sterilization 22min, with standby after aseptic water washing 6 times;
2. initial culture:Above-mentioned stem section is inoculated in Initial culture base, first full light culture 42 days under the conditions of 26 DEG C, then
It is placed in daily illumination 12 hours, intensity of illumination is 2500lx, and up to induced synthesis adventitious bud, described Initial culture base is:MS+
6-BA1.3mg/L+NAA0.6mg/L+CPPU0.08 mg/L+ Ad1.3mg/L+ sucrose 20g/L+ agar 5g/L, pH are 5.9;
3. enrichment culture:Above-mentioned adventitious bud is proceeded on proliferated culture medium carries out enrichment culture, first in 26 DEG C of conditions after inoculation
Full light culture 12 days, are subsequently placed in daily illumination 16 hours down, and intensity of illumination is 5000lx, cultivation temperature under conditions of 26 DEG C
Culture, once, described proliferated culture medium is for switching in 52 days:MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L+IBA0.4mg/L+
Ad1.2mg/L+ sucrose 22g/L+ agar 6g/L, pH are 5.8;
4. root culture:The Multiple Buds cutting that above-mentioned height is about 2cm is inoculated on root media and carries out root culture, connects
First full light culture 10 days under the conditions of 26 DEG C after kind, then illumination daily 16 hours, intensity of illumination is that 5500lx, cultivation temperature is
Cultivate under conditions of 26 DEG C to taking root, described root media is:1/2MS+IBA0.8mg/L+GGR1.2mg/L+PG12mg/
L+ sucrose 18g/L+ agar 6g/L, pH are 5.8;
5. acclimatization and transplantses:After the rooting tube plantlet of high about 8~10cm is gone bottle cap to be placed in natural lighting lower refining seedling 5~7 days, will examination
Take out in Guan Miaocong culture bottle, wash root culture medium off, plant in the substrate being mixed into by peat soil and yellow sand mud and be colonized in
Big Tanaka.
Described drop-proof agent is watered 72% drop-proof agent of 120kg for 1g.
Described gibberellins mixed liquor is+0.06% boric acid mixed liquor of+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of+0.2% carbamide of 0.008% gibberellins.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Fructus Fici group culturation rapid propagating technology and its method, it is characterised in that described seedling breeding be using tissue-culturing rapid propagation
Mode is carried out, and which mainly comprises the following steps:
The collection of step explant and process:Select Fructus Fici fine individual plant gives birth to the full branch of internal organs bud then, and defoliation is after washing
Clothing powder water soaks 16min, and after outwash, tap water rinses 1h, is cut into long stem section of the 1~3cm with axillary bud, first uses 75% ethanol disinfection
With aseptic washing 5 times after 10s, then with 0.25% mercuric chloride solution sterilization 22min, with standby after aseptic water washing 6 times;
Step initial culture:Above-mentioned stem section is inoculated in Initial culture base, first full light culture 42 days under the conditions of 26 DEG C,
It is subsequently placed in daily illumination 12 hours, intensity of illumination is described Initial culture base 2500lx, until induced synthesis adventitious bud
For:MS+6-BA1.3mg/L+NAA0.6mg/L+CPPU0.08 mg/L+ Ad1.3mg/L+ sucrose 20g/L+ agar 5g/L, pH are
5.9;
Step enrichment culture:Above-mentioned adventitious bud is proceeded on proliferated culture medium carries out enrichment culture, first in 26 DEG C of bars after inoculation
Under part, full light culture 12 days, are subsequently placed in daily illumination 16 hours, and intensity of illumination is that 5000lx, cultivation temperature is 26 DEG C of condition
Lower culture, once, described proliferated culture medium is for switching in 52 days:MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L+IBA0.4mg/L+
Ad1.2mg/L+ sucrose 22g/L+ agar 6g/L, pH are 5.8;
Step 4. root culture:The Multiple Buds cutting that above-mentioned height is about 2cm is inoculated on root media and carries out training of taking root
Support, first full light culture 10 days under the conditions of 26 DEG C after inoculation, then illumination daily 16 hours, intensity of illumination is 5500lx, culture
Temperature is cultivated to taking root under conditions of being 26 DEG C, and described root media is:1/2MS+IBA0.8mg/L+GGR1.2mg/L+
PG12mg/L+ sucrose 18g/L+ agar 6g/L, pH are 5.8;
Step 5. acclimatization and transplantses:After the rooting tube plantlet of high about 8~10cm is gone bottle cap to be placed in natural lighting lower refining seedling 5~7 days,
Test tube seedling is taken out from culture bottle, washes root culture medium off, it is in the substrate being mixed into by peat soil and yellow sand mud and fixed to plant
Plant in big Tanaka.
2. a kind of Fructus Fici group culturation rapid propagating technology according to claim 1 and its method, it is characterised in that described is anti-fall
Element is watered 72% drop-proof agent of 120kg for 1g.
3. a kind of Fructus Fici group culturation rapid propagating technology according to claim 1 and its method, it is characterised in that described is red mould
Plain mixed liquor is+0.06% boric acid mixed liquor of+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of+0.2% carbamide of 0.008% gibberellins.
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Cited By (3)
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CN106962399A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-21 | 河南红枫种苗股份有限公司 | Cuttage root-taking agent and the cottage method of descendants of royal families |
CN107094621A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-29 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of fig seedling method for tissue culture |
CN116458429A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-07-21 | 广西壮族自治区南宁良凤江国家森林公园 | Application and method for tissue culture propagation of sargentgloryvine stem seeds and embryo |
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CN103299901A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | In-vitro rapid proliferation method of Masui dauphine fig |
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CN103299901A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | In-vitro rapid proliferation method of Masui dauphine fig |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106962399A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-21 | 河南红枫种苗股份有限公司 | Cuttage root-taking agent and the cottage method of descendants of royal families |
CN106962399B (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2019-08-16 | 河南红枫种苗股份有限公司 | The cottage method of cuttage root-taking agent and descendants of royal families |
CN107094621A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-29 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of fig seedling method for tissue culture |
CN107094621B (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2019-03-08 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of fig seedling method for tissue culture |
CN116458429A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-07-21 | 广西壮族自治区南宁良凤江国家森林公园 | Application and method for tissue culture propagation of sargentgloryvine stem seeds and embryo |
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