A kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant asexual multiplication technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting.
Technical background
Chinese yew, aiphyllium is the rare seeds of ancient rarity that quaternary glacier carries over, on earth the history of existing 2,500,000 years.Growth rate is slow under field conditions (factors) due to Chinese yew, and regeneration capacity is poor, so for a long time, also there is no to form the Chinese yew raw material forest base that large rule are touched in world wide.So Chinese yew is the endangered natural rare plants for anticancer of generally acknowledging in the world, China has classified it as one-level Precious, Rare, Endangered protective plant, and the United Nations also prohibites felling.
Chinese yew is rare or endangered species, is also important medicinal plant.The taxol that refines from Chinese yew is the cancer-resisting medicament of generally acknowledging in the world, and high-purity taxol is expensive, and per kilogram is up to 2,000,000 yuans of left and right.The red bean of Chinese yew, just like the jequirity in the southern part of the country is outer red inner gorgeous, the yearning between lovers that can entrust to the care of people.It is also the fruit the same with red bean because it is being grown that Chinese yew is gained the name, therefore gain the name " Chinese yew ".
Although the protection of Chinese yew is subject to international the great attention, the powerful market demand brings long-term and lasting pressure still for the existence of Chinese yew in imminent danger.Along with the minimizing day by day of taxus resource, the increase day by day of demand, rationally utilize Chinese yew, the development Chinese yew very urgent.So the exploitation of Chinese yew have good prospect.It is current that to greatly develop and set up stable artificial cultivation Chinese yew production base extremely urgent.
The breeding of Chinese yew nursery stock at present is mainly by methods such as breeding and propagation, tissue cultivation, cottage propagations.Can produce variation by seminal propagation nursery stock out, cause nursery stock can not keep maternal inheritance moral stability; Tissue culture technique is that technical very strong work, an infrastructure have high input, and aseptic condition requires high, and the hardening cycle is long, process is loaded down with trivial details; The cottage propagation way has effectively overcome the provenance degeneration, and technology is simple; At present, the way of application cottage propagation is to solve taxus resource shortage, an artificial breeding difficult problem and accelerate the most effective approach that the medicinal woods of Chinese yew is built.
Application number is 03117884.7 " quick Taxus mandia propagating method ", this invention utilizes Taxus x media " totipotency " and " holographic ", take Plant Tissue Breeding as principle, and grow seedlings and the all-optical cutting seedling growing process in conjunction with normal cutting propagation, get the part (Minisize materials of Taxus x media) of Taxus x media organ after " GP clones fluid infusion " of research and development preparation processes, directly be seeded on the husky bed (or sandy soil) in land for growing field crops, rear combination " GP clones fluid infusion " and supporting management technology manage, and approximately can take root through 25 days.
application number is 200610136929.2 " Chinese yew electromagnetic pulse fast breeding and industrialization implantation methods ", this invention adaptive environment control system is the combination of computer environment control technology and electromagnetic pulse technology and open fast breeding technology, utilize plant " totipotency " and " holographic ", utilization is to plant growth environment factor analysis expert systemic-function, self adaptation is regulated the temperature in seedbed, humidity, oxygen, density of carbon dioxide gas, the breeding plant conditions such as nutrient, for the To body materials of different plants is created the environmental condition of suitable strong plantlets and rootage, realize that plant is with the fast breeding of Miao Fanmiao, obtain the Chinese yew plantation seedling of batch production high-quality in enormous quantities within a short period of time.
Application number is 200810055594.0 " Yew cuttage planting method ", this disclosure of the invention a kind of Yew cuttage planting method, be to shear good Chinese yew spray, put into the mixed liquor of ethanol, methyl alcohol and root-growing agent, add again warm water, cuttage again after soaking.Adopt the method Chinese yew branch survival rate to reach more than 90%.
Application number is 200910187693.9 " cuttage breeding method of taxus chinensis in northeast ", and the technical scheme that this invention is adopted is: select the branch of life in 1 year as branches for cuttage; The Tibetan is put in shady and cool place, and with being transported to the destination after plastic bag packaging, upper end, every young plant rod footpath stays 1-2 to open blade when cutting seedling, continues to employ blade and partly wipes out over 3cm, wipes out simultaneously cuttage blade on position bar footpath in the seedbed; Before cuttage with the soil sterilization, reducing rhizoctonia solani, mid-October-early November or February-cuttage in March; In the nursery stock daily management, must not directly shine by the sun, must be with 80% sunshade net sunshade; Controlling soil moisture content is 35~45%; Rainy day is noted the seedbed draining, on ordinary days notes intertill and clean tillage, and Agro-chemicals control will be in time used in the nursery stock morbidity.
Application number be 201010298148.X's " method of taxus chinensis in northeast pierre ", the technical scheme of this invention is to adopt fringe in the winter of First Year, buries with ice and snow; The spring of Second Year, the sterile-processed rear cuttage of cutting bed, from cuttage complete to after the time of 2.5~3 months in, overlay film on cutting bed, controlling its humidity is 85%~88%, temperature is 26 ℃~29 ℃, obscurity is 70%~75%, and the fertilising degerming of going forward side by side is processed; So remove overlay film, enter to irrigate winter protection water before the winter; Change bed the spring of the 3rd year, cultivated 2 years, obtain the taxus chinensis in northeast seedling that to go up a hill and afforest.
application number is that the technical scheme that 201010508778.5 the method for Chinese yew seedlings " cultivate " is somebody's turn to do is: the foundation of (1) seedling bed: the seedbed requires to be wide 0.9-1.1m, length is determined on demand, that (2) transplants a cutting chooses and processes: the branch of choosing life in 1 year, cut the tender section on top, segmentation is cut into the plugged ear of 9-15cm left and right, (3) cuttage of plugged ear: on the seedbed, arrange out the hole, cave by 4cm * 5cm density, (4) plugged ear final-period management: after cuttage in seven days, the humidity of plastic tunnel is remained on more than 90%, after cuttage after seven days, make the humidity of plastic tunnel remain on 75-85%, after cuttage is complete, be 7~10 days by the cycle, plugged ear is sprayed foliage fertilizer, (5) plugged ear is transplanted: by the north-south, be made into the trench digging of 10m * 1.2m * 0.3m, by the fused calcium magnesium phosphate of every mu of 50gk and the fertilizer of every mu of 250kg, be laid on trench digging, thereby form inoculating bed, the process cultivation of 200-250 days in plastic tunnel, press seeding row spacing 10cm * 20cm, deeply for 50cm, plugged ear is planted in inoculating bed, transplant water of complete rear spray, make inoculating bed outwards till flowing water, (6) management after plugged ear is transplanted: plugged ear was transplanted rear one month, can append nitrogen liquid manure, appended nitrogen liquid manure one time in later every two months, had therefore improved the survival rate of Chinese yew seedlings.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and the method for brand-new a kind of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting is provided.Specifically comprise: the foundation in seedbed, the collection of Chinese yew To body material, making and processing select the ABT1 root-inducing powder as root-growing agent, prepare solid-state taking root liquid with water-loss reducer, solid-state taking root liquid was in the distribution in seedbed when the Chinese yew branch was inserted into the seedbed, the management method in seedbed between nursery stage.
Characteristics of the present invention are: 1, utilize water-loss reducer can repeatedly absorb the function of hundreds of times water, the clear water that used taking root liquid is added again 10 times is diluted to the taking root liquid of low concentration, then absorbs solid-state taking root liquid with water-loss reducer; Solid-state taking root liquid is evenly distributed to 3~4cm place of medium of seedling bed, the Chinese yew To body material inserts in the medium of seedling bed that is distributed with solid-state taking root liquid, solid-state taking root liquid continually, slowly provide liquid to To body material uniformly, make To body material omnidistancely all obtain the omnibearing root that lures and process in complete, intermediary and later stages, impel To body material to take root and well developed root system in short-term.
2, the nutrition foliage fertilizer that sprays when the final-period management in seedbed of To body material, water-loss reducer in medium of seedling bed recycles it and can absorb repeatedly and the function of storage of water absorbs nutrition foliage fertilizer water and is stored up, slowly provide rich water to To body material uniformly again, make rich water not run off, not waste, major part is absorbed by To body material; Chinese yew To body material thereby robust growth, seedling as early as possible.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
1, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, it comprises: the foundation in seedbed, the collection of Chinese yew To body material, making and processing, select the ABT1 root-inducing powder as root-growing agent, prepare solid-state taking root liquid with water-loss reducer, solid-state taking root liquid was in the distribution in seedbed when the Chinese yew To body material was inserted into the seedbed, the management method in seedbed between nursery stage.
2, the non-tube rapid propagation technology of a kind of Chinese yew, the method for building up in seedbed is as follows:
(1) selective light is according to sufficient, and the seedbed is built on draining good ground, and seedbed specification width is 1.2~1.3 meters, stromal thickness is more than 15cm, at the thick handstone of the most the lower layer of laying 3~5cm in order to draining, middle paving 2~3cm river sand, above one deck paving perlite or vermiculite.
(2) on the seedbed, automatic spraying system is installed.
3, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, the collection of Chinese yew To body material, making and processing method are as follows:
(1) collection of To body material and making: select robust growth, without the Chinese yew plant of damage by disease and insect as female parent, the branch that gathers life in 1~3 year on plant prepares To body material; Adopt sharp pruning shear, grafting knife or blade, the Chinese yew branch is cut (cutting) become the long To body material of 5~10cm.
(2) To body material pretreatment: with the Chinese yew To body material with base portion down, the classification of transplanting a cutting is by size got well and lashes, and neat concentrated being placed in plastic basin poured clear water in basin into to flooding the To body material base portion, soaks 2~3 days; During this time, changed clear water one time, and can effectively remove the obstruction material of taking root in every 12 hours.
4, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, preparation and the using method of the selecting of root-inducing powder, taking root liquid are as follows:
(1) selecting of root-inducing powder: select the ABT1 root-inducing powder.
(2) preparation of taking root liquid: 1 gram ABT1 root-inducing powder is first after 75% medicinal alcohol dilutes with 500ml content, then adds clear water and be dissolved to 10000ml.
(3) using method: will soak the Chinese yew To body material of clear water with base portion down, neat concentrated being placed in plastic basin poured the taking root liquid for preparing in basin into to flooding the To body material base portion, and soak time is 3~4 hours.
5, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, the preparation method of solid-state taking root liquid is as follows:
(1) taking root liquid that soaked the Chinese yew To body material is put together, the dregs of solution the inside are filtered out, then add by the weight of solution the taking root liquid that the clear water of 10 times is diluted to low concentration.
(2) with the water-loss reducer of 100~150 times of can absorbing water, the taking root liquid of low concentration is absorbed solid-state taking root liquid.
6, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, the method that distribution and the Chinese yew To body material of solid-state taking root liquid in the seedbed is inserted into the seedbed is as follows:
(1) solid-state taking root liquid is filled with uniformly the matrix face in seedbed, by stirring with matrix the 3~4cm place that solid-state taking root liquid is distributed to medium of seedling bed.
(2) taking out the Chinese yew To body material that soaked taking root liquid a little, airing just inserts 3cm left and right in medium of seedling bed, solid-state taking root liquid in medium of seedling bed will be continually, slowly provide liquid to To body material uniformly, To body material was omnidistancely all processed obtaining the omnibearing root that lures in complete, intermediary and later stages, impelled that the Chinese yew To body material is taken root in short-term, well developed root system, seedling as early as possible.
(3) the general stripped material of 200~250 Chinese yew that inserts in the seedbed of 1m2.
7, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, the management method of Chinese yew between the nursery stage of seedbed is as follows:
(1) water spray management: the mist frequency of the To body material of Chinese yew spraying before callus forms is every 3 hours water sprays 10~15 seconds, the frequency of spraying after the former base generation of the To body material root of Chinese yew changes every 8 hours into and sprayed water 8~10 seconds, and the longer rear spraying frequency of the coring of Chinese yew To body material changes every 15 hours into and sprayed water 8~10 seconds; To evening or overcast and rainyly can cut off the control water system.
(2) foliar application: after the generation of the former base of To body material root of Chinese yew, foliage fertilizer of spray in every 7 days, the concentration that sprays requires dilution according to specification, until the To body material seedling of Chinese yew and transplanting.
(3) transplant: after 20~30 days, the root system of the To body material of Chinese yew is grown, and can transplant to nutrition cup (bag).
Compared with prior art, the existing following advantage of the present invention:
1, the present invention utilizes water-loss reducer can repeatedly absorb the function of hundreds of times water, and the clear water that used taking root liquid is added again 10 times is diluted to the taking root liquid of low concentration, then absorbs solid-state taking root liquid with water-loss reducer; Solid-state taking root liquid is evenly distributed to 3~4cm place of medium of seedling bed, the Chinese yew To body material inserts in the medium of seedling bed that is distributed with solid-state taking root liquid, solid-state taking root liquid continually, slowly provide liquid to To body material uniformly, make To body material omnidistancely all obtain the omnibearing root that lures and process in complete, intermediary and later stages, impel To body material to take root and well developed root system in short-term.
2, enforcement of the present invention is utilized used taking root liquid again, does not namely waste and synergy.
3, the present invention's nutrition foliage fertilizer that To body material sprays when the final-period management in seedbed in implementation process, water-loss reducer in medium of seedling bed recycles it and can absorb repeatedly and the function of storage of water absorbs nutrition foliage fertilizer water and is stored up, slowly provide rich water to To body material uniformly again, make rich water not run off, not waste, major part is absorbed by To body material; Chinese yew To body material thereby robust growth, seedling as early as possible.
4, the present invention select root-growing agent---" ABT root-inducing powder " is commercially available, " ABT root-inducing powder " easily purchased, use cost is low.
5, the present invention is in implementation process, and the Chinese yew To body material is by long immersion clear water, has effectively removed the obstruction material of taking root of To body material base portion, has shortened taking root the cycle of To body material.
6, the seedbed management automaticity of the present invention in implementation process is high, when having improved operating efficiency, has also reduced the labour.
7, technique of the present invention is simple, effect remarkable, be easy to penetration and promotion uses.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, method of the present invention is further illustrated.
1, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, it comprises: the foundation in seedbed, the collection of Chinese yew To body material, making and processing, select the ABT1 root-inducing powder as root-growing agent, prepare solid-state taking root liquid with water-loss reducer, solid-state taking root liquid was in the distribution in seedbed when the Chinese yew To body material was inserted into the seedbed, the management method in seedbed between nursery stage.
2, the non-tube rapid propagation technology of a kind of Chinese yew, the method for building up in seedbed is as follows:
(1) selective light is according to sufficient, and the seedbed is built on draining good ground, and seedbed specification width is 1.2~1.3 meters, stromal thickness is more than 15cm, at the thick handstone of the most the lower layer of laying 3~5cm in order to draining, middle paving 2~3cm river sand, above one deck paving perlite or vermiculite.
(2) on the seedbed, automatic spraying system is installed.
3, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, the collection of Chinese yew To body material, making and processing method are as follows:
(1) collection of To body material and making: select robust growth, without the Chinese yew plant of damage by disease and insect as female parent, the branch that gathers life in 1~3 year on plant prepares To body material; Adopt sharp pruning shear, grafting knife or blade, the Chinese yew branch is cut (cutting) become the long To body material of 5~10cm.
(2) To body material pretreatment: with the Chinese yew To body material with base portion down, the classification of transplanting a cutting is by size got well and lashes, and neat concentrated being placed in plastic basin poured clear water in basin into to flooding the To body material base portion, soaks 2~3 days; During this time, changed clear water one time, and can effectively remove the obstruction material of taking root in every 12 hours.
4, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, preparation and the using method of the selecting of root-inducing powder, taking root liquid are as follows:
(1) selecting of root-inducing powder: select the ABT1 root-inducing powder.
(2) preparation of taking root liquid: 1 gram ABT1 root-inducing powder is first after 75% medicinal alcohol dilutes with 500ml content, then adds clear water and be dissolved to 10000ml.
(3) using method: will soak the Chinese yew To body material of clear water with base portion down, neat concentrated being placed in plastic basin poured the taking root liquid for preparing in basin into to flooding the To body material base portion, and soak time is 3~4 hours.
5, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, the preparation method of solid-state taking root liquid is as follows:
(1) taking root liquid that soaked the Chinese yew To body material is put together, the dregs of solution the inside are filtered out, then add by the weight of solution the taking root liquid that the clear water of 10 times is diluted to low concentration.
(2) with the water-loss reducer of 100~150 times of can absorbing water, the taking root liquid of low concentration is absorbed solid-state taking root liquid.
6, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, the method that distribution and the Chinese yew To body material of solid-state taking root liquid in the seedbed is inserted into the seedbed is as follows:
(1) solid-state taking root liquid is filled with uniformly the matrix face in seedbed, by stirring with matrix the 3~4cm place that solid-state taking root liquid is distributed to medium of seedling bed.
(2) taking out the Chinese yew To body material that soaked taking root liquid a little, airing just inserts 3cm left and right in medium of seedling bed, solid-state taking root liquid in medium of seedling bed will be continually, slowly provide liquid to To body material uniformly, To body material was omnidistancely all processed obtaining the omnibearing root that lures in complete, intermediary and later stages, impelled that the Chinese yew To body material is taken root in short-term, well developed root system, seedling as early as possible.
(3) the general stripped material of 200~250 Chinese yew that inserts in the seedbed of 1m2.
7, a kind of method of Chinese yew vegetative propagation Rapid Rooting, the management method of Chinese yew between the nursery stage of seedbed is as follows:
(1) water spray management: the mist frequency of the To body material of Chinese yew spraying before callus forms is every 3 hours water sprays 10~15 seconds, the frequency of spraying after the former base generation of the To body material root of Chinese yew changes every 8 hours into and sprayed water 8~10 seconds, and the longer rear spraying frequency of the coring of Chinese yew To body material changes every 15 hours into and sprayed water 8~10 seconds; To evening or overcast and rainyly can cut off the control water system.
(2) foliar application: after the generation of the former base of To body material root of Chinese yew, foliage fertilizer of spray in every 7 days, the concentration that sprays requires dilution according to specification, until the To body material seedling of Chinese yew and transplanting.
(3) transplant: after 20~30 days, the root system of the To body material of Chinese yew is grown, and can transplant to nutrition cup (bag).