CN104106364B - The propagation method of a kind of mao of purple camellia sprout cuttage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for propagation of purple camellia twig cuttings, including nursery stock cultivation, mother seedling cultivation, cutting ear collection and treatment, cutting and post-cuttage management procedures, and the purple camellia seedlings cultivated in containers are used as ear picking The mother seedlings are transplanted to the nursery for cultivation and germination, and the young branches of Camellia tomentosa are collected as cuttings and placed in a cutting bed equipped with cutting substrates, and the light, relative humidity and water content of the substrate are controlled in the cutting bed to obtain the cuttings of Camellia tomentosa Saplings. The present invention proves through a large number of tests, aiming at the characteristics of the strong germination ability of the purple camellia, the mother seedlings for ear picking are carefully managed and cultivated in the nursery, and then they are cut to promote germination and ear cuttings are carried out. This method is beneficial to the nursery The land conditions are not strict, the management is convenient, and the number of spikes provided is large.

Description

A kind of propagation method of young branch cutting of purple camellia

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant vegetative propagation, and in particular relates to a propagation method of young branch cuttings of camellia pubescens.

Background technique

Camellia 'maozi' camellia is a new variety of camellia selected by the Academy of Forestry Sciences of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Registration number of Camellia Maozi, a new variety of camellia: 2013 (Camellia)-119, Maozi; Wei Xiaojuan, Ma Jinlin, Li Kaixiang, Ye Hang, Liang Wenhui, "Chinese Flower Gardening", 2013 No. 12. The plant of Maozi camellia grows fast and strong, with well-developed root system, tolerant to half shade, dense green branches and leaves, small and exquisite flower shape, and the flower color is lavender red, which is rare in ornamental camellias. It has high ornamental value, and the natural flowering period is from January to March , the flowering period just goes through New Year's Day, Spring Festival, and Lantern Festival. Its beautiful and refined lavender flowers add a lot of festive and peaceful atmosphere to the festival. Therefore, aiming at these unique ecological characteristics of the purple camellia, the purple camellia can be promoted and developed as a garden greening and beautifying plant, and it can also be developed as a high-grade indoor potted plant, and the market development prospect is broad. .

However, because Camellia pubescens is a new species that has just been bred, the number of seedling resources is very limited at present, which largely limits its further in-depth research and its large-scale development and popularization and application. Camellia pubescens is an interspecific hybrid between Camellia japonica and Camellia cuspidatum, and it has the characteristic of not fruiting. Therefore, vegetative reproduction is the main means of cultivating large quantities of Camellia pubescens seedlings.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the traditional sexual reproduction technology, the present invention provides a propagation method of young branch cuttings of Camellia tomentosa with short cultivation period, less consumable materials and low cost.

Technical side of the present invention is as follows:

A method for propagation of purple camellia twig cuttings, comprising nursery stock cultivation, mother seedling cultivation, cuttings collection and processing, cuttings and post-cuttage management procedures, the cultivated purple camellia seedlings are transplanted to the nursery as ear-picking mother seedlings Cultivate and promote germination, collect purple camellia saplings as cuttings and put them in a cutting bed equipped with cutting substrates, control the light, relative humidity and water content of the substrate in the cutting bed, and obtain the cutting seedlings of purple camellia, the specific operation steps are as follows :

(1) Nursery stock cultivation:

①Pressing branches in the air: Select vigorously growing and free from pests and diseases of the hairy purple camellia branches as the pressing branches, peel off the bark at the base of the pressing branches at 3 to 5 cm, and add a small amount of 95% indole-3-butyric acid powder After the industrial alcohol is dissolved, use distilled water to prepare a 200-300ppm hormone aqueous solution, apply the girdling site 1-2 times, let it air dry for 5-10 minutes, and bandage the girdling site according to the conventional method;

②Management after stripping: Spray the sterilized plants in a timely manner on the same day or the next day according to the conventional method, and then spray the roots of the mother tree with water every 15 days, and spray the leaves of the stripped branches and other branches of the mother tree separately 1 time of mixed solution of bactericidal disinfectant and foliar fertilizer; from the 15th day after the branches are stripped and rooted, gradually reduce the frequency of spraying water and fertilizer to harden the seedlings; continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests;

③Transplanting of stripped seedlings: After cutting off the stripped seedlings, dip in 1.5kg of rooting paste I mixed with 1.5kg of sun water diluted 1000-2000 times with 5kg of clean and fresh yellow heart soil, take it out and dry it The stripped seedlings are planted in the container filled with matrix I, drenched with water for rooting;

④Container seedling management: Do thin fertilizer and apply frequently. In the early stage, fertilization outside the roots is the main method. Every 7 to 10 days, use 0.2 to 0.3% urea, 0.4 to 0.6% carbendazim, and 0.4 to 0.6% urea every 7 to 10 days. Spray the leaves once with an aqueous solution of Zinc and 0.4-0.6% thiophanate A; after 3 months, spray the retting peanut bran with a weight concentration of 3-5% on the roots once a month Dilute water and fertilizer, 2 times a month after 6 months. At this time, 2 times a month is to use one of carbendazim, zineb, and thiophanate at a weight concentration of 0.3% to 0.6%. ～0.5% trichlorfon, and an aqueous solution containing more than one kind of fertilizers among potassium dihydrogen phosphate, foliage treasure, and big fat king with a weight concentration of 0.2～0.3%, and spray the leaves evenly; at the same time, every 20 days. Irrigate the roots of container seedlings with 2000 times diluted root water solution once, and the action should be gentle when watering. The principle is that a small amount of water seeps out of the bottom of the container; after the container seedlings are cultivated in the container for one year or one and a half years, the container Cultivated purple camellia seedlings, set aside;

(2) Mother seedling cultivation:

① Build a shade shed: Before transplanting seedlings, set up a shade shed with a shading degree of 50-60% for shade;

② Nursery preparation: Choose a plot with flat terrain, leeward to the sun, convenient drainage and irrigation, and relatively fertile soil, and carry out full reclamation of the nursery. Level the soil and remove grass roots; dig a planting ridge with a length, width, and height of not less than 50 cm according to the row spacing of 50cm×50cm; apply 2.5-5kg of decomposed manure or compost to each planting ridge, and 2.0-2.5kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and mix with the topsoil Mix well as base fertilizer;

③ Mother seedling transplantation: transplant the cultivated seedlings as mother seedlings in the planting ridge from mid-January to early February, backfill the topsoil to fill the ridge hole, and slightly higher than the ridge surface, and drench the rooting water;

④Truncation to promote germination: on the day or the second day after the mother seedlings are planted, use sharp scissors to truncate the mother seedlings to promote germination;

⑤Mother seedling management: 30 days after the seedlings are transplanted, spray a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5-1.0% every 15 days, artificial weeding, and water before and after weeding; weed and loosen the soil on the mother seedlings after ear picking At the same time, apply 2.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 2.5kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to each mother seedling, and spray growth hormone at the same time, and pour a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5-1.0% every 15 days to promote germination again. , to prepare for the next cutting and ear picking;

(3) Collection and processing of cuttings:

① Collection of cuttings: From late March to early September, cut 5-8cm long robust, pest-free, semi-lignified twigs from the ear-picking mother seedlings, and use them as cuttings;

②Pruning of cuttings: Cut off all the leaves 3-4cm above the base of the cuttings, keep only 1-2 leaves on the upper part, and cut the remaining 1-2 leaves into half leaves, and then cut the lower end of the cuttings into a slanted shape ;

③ Disinfection treatment: Soak the cuttings in 0.5% carbendazim for 15 minutes, then take them out, rinse with water and set aside;

④ Preparation of rooting pulp: Mix indole-3-butyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid powder at a ratio of 10 to 20:1 to prepare a mixed hormone solution with a certain concentration, and add an appropriate amount of clean talcum powder to mix and mix evenly to form a paste. Make rooting pulp II for later use;

(4) Cuttings:

① Build a shade shed: Make a cutting bed in a greenhouse or a well-built greenhouse, and set up a shade shed with a shading degree of 50-60% before cutting seedlings to prepare for shade;

② Cutting time: cutting in spring, summer or autumn;

③ Cutting method: Carry out cuttings on the cutting bed with a row spacing of 4cm×6cm; when cutting, first use a small stick slightly thicker than the diameter of the cuttings to insert a small hole in the seedbed, and then fully soak the base of the cuttings with the rooting paste II. Insert into the cutting bed with matrix II, the cutting depth is 1/2~1/3 of the length of the cuttings, the leaves should not cross and overlap, and then compact the matrix II around the cuttings; immediately water the cuttings once and rinse the leaves, Make the cuttings tightly combined with the matrix II;

(5) Management after cutting:

① Cutting management: Immediately cover the cuttings with a plastic film to keep moisture after cutting, keep the water content of matrix II at 60-70%, and keep the relative humidity above 90%. During this period, the moisturizing cover should not be uncovered frequently; Spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a weight concentration of 0.2-0.3% on the leaf surface every day or one of the fertilizer solutions of Yemianbao and Dafeiwang until the roots take root; at the same time, spray the weight concentration once every 7-10 days Both are 0.2 to 0.5% carbendazim or one of the aqueous solutions of zinc or thiophanate A to prevent infestation by diseases and insect pests; during the period, if the cuttings are dry, mildewed and leaves should be removed in time;

② Management after rooting:

a. Germination promotion: After the cuttings take root, use 300-500mg/L 6-BA liquid to treat the ungerminated cuttings to promote germination;

b, seedling hardening: 15 days after rooting, gradually reduce the frequency of water spraying and harden the seedlings;

c. Management after seedling hardening: Mainly do a good job in fertilizer and water management and prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. The seedlings can be out of the nursery when they grow 10-15cm high.

The above-mentioned matrix I adopts the following components and parts by weight: 60-65 parts of clean fresh yellow heart soil, 30-35 parts of coconut peat, 5 parts of peat, mix well, and use permanganate with a weight concentration of 0.2-0.5% Disinfect the potassium solution 1-2 days in advance, then add root sun water solution diluted 1000-2000 times, and stir evenly.

The above method for truncating the top to promote germination is to cut off the base of the mother seedling at a distance of 30-50 cm from the ground, and apply a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5-1.0%.

The cutting bed described in the above step (4) cutting is set to be 30cm high, 100cm wide, and 6-8m long; clean and fresh river sand or pebbles are used as the drainage layer in the cutting bed, and the thickness of the drainage layer is 20cm, and then filled with matrix II , the thickness of the matrix II is 8-12 cm, and the matrix II is disinfected 2-3 days in advance with a potassium permanganate solution with a weight concentration of 0.2-0.5%.

The above-mentioned matrix II is made by mixing clean fresh yellow heart soil and clean river sand in a volume ratio of 4:1.

The mixed hormone solution described in the above step (3) collection and treatment of cuttings is mixed with indole-3-butyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid powder, added a small amount of 95% industrial alcohol to dissolve, and then prepared with distilled water to make 1500 ~ 2000mg/L hormone solution.

The present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

1, the method for propagating the purple camellia twig cuttings of the present invention, the nursery for mother seedling cultivation is to select open-air plots for dense planting, low cost, few consumables, simple operation, and large supply of spikes.

2, the propagation method of the purple camellia twig cuttings of the present invention, the mother seedling transplantation is applied sufficient decomposed manure or compost, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, this provides sufficient base manure for the growth of the mother seedling, grows rapidly, and the root system is developed.

3. The method for propagating the purple camellia twig cuttings of the present invention, the truncation method for promoting germination is to truncate at a distance of 30 to 50 cm from the base of the mother plant, because the truncation is low, it can promote the mother plant to germinate new buds faster, and the branches are also It grows faster, and the juvenile effect of low-position truncation is good. The root primordia of the spikes are mostly concentrated at the base, and the spikes are most likely to take root.

4. The propagation method of the purple camellia twig cuttings of the present invention, the selected cutting substrate raw materials are easy to get, the preparation is simple and convenient, and the propagation method is easy to implement.

5, the propagation method of the purple camellia twig cuttings of the present invention, the method of spraying plant growth hormone in the management of the mother plant is to spray a sufficient amount of 6-BA medicinal liquid in the afternoon of collecting the spikes, which can impel the mother plant to germinate more More new shoots, thereby increasing the number of spikes.

6, the propagation method of the purple camellia twig cuttings of the present invention, when the cuttings are collected, they are shorter than the branches of the general twig cuttings, which can shorten the interval time for the collection of the spikes and improve the propagation efficiency.

7. The method for propagating the cuttings of young branches of Violet camellia of the present invention has a strong germination ability of the mother seedlings. Through the measures to promote germination, the cuttings can be propagated 5 to 6 times a year, with high survival rate, fast rooting, and a large number of seedlings obtained .

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples.

Example 1:

Select growth vigorously, the hairy purple camellia branch without damage by diseases and insect pests as the pressed branch, peel off the bark at the base 3cm of the pressed branch, add a small amount of 95% industrial alcohol to dissolve with indole-3-butyric acid powder, and then use A 200ppm hormone aqueous solution prepared with distilled water was applied to the girdling site once, allowed to air-dry for 5 minutes, and the girdling site was bandaged according to conventional methods. On the same day or the next day, spray the bactericidal disinfectant on the stripped plants in time according to the conventional method, and then spray the roots of the mother tree with water every 15 days. Foliar fertilizer aqueous solution; from the 15th day after the branches are stripped and rooted, gradually reduce the frequency of spraying water and fertilizer to harden the seedlings; continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. After cutting off the stripped seedlings, dip in 1.5kg of diluted 1000 times root sun water and 5kg of clean and fresh yellow heart soil to form a paste-like rooting slurry I, take out and dry, and plant the stripped seedlings on the filled substrate In the container of Ⅰ, drench the fixed root water. The substrate I is to use 60 catties of clean and fresh yellow heart soil, add 35 catties of coir peat and 5 catties of peat, mix evenly, and disinfect it with a potassium permanganate solution with a weight concentration of 0.2% 1 day in advance, and then add 1000 times diluted root The sun water liquid is made by stirring evenly. The humidity is better to have a few sporadic drops of water dripping down with a little force. Manage the container seedlings so that thin fertilizers are applied frequently. In the early stage, fertilization outside the roots is the main method, and the leaves are sprayed once every 7 days with a urea solution with a weight concentration of 0.2-0.3%; Apply once a weight concentration of 3% retting peanut bran diluted water and fertilizer, 6 months later, twice a month, at this time, twice a month is to use carbendazim with a weight concentration of 0.4-0.6% and a weight concentration of 0.3% trichlorfon, and containing an aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a weight concentration of 0.2-0.3%, spray the leaves evenly; at the same time, water the roots of the container seedlings with a solution diluted to 2000 times every 20 days. When the action is to be gentle, it is the principle to have a small amount of water liquid seep out of the bottom of the container; after the container seedlings are cultivated in the container for one year, obtain the purple camellia seedlings cultivated in the container.

Transplant the cultivated purple camellia seedlings in mid-January, and set up a shade shed with a shading degree of 50-60% before transplanting for shade. Choose a plot with flat terrain, leeward to the sun, convenient drainage and irrigation, and relatively fertile soil, and carry out full reclamation of the nursery. Set up a walkway with a width of 40cm and a width of 1m. The length of the furrow depends on the terrain. Dig a planting ridge with a length, width, and height of 50cm according to the row spacing of 50cm×50cm; apply 2.5kg of decomposed manure and 2.0kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to each planting ridge, and mix it with the topsoil as base fertilizer. Transplant the purple camellia seedlings as mother seedlings in the planting ridge, backfill the topsoil to fill up the ridge hole, and slightly higher than the ridge surface, and drench the rooting water. On the day of planting the mother seedlings, use sharp scissors to truncate the mother seedlings to promote germination. The method of truncating the mother seedlings is to cut off the base of the mother seedlings at a distance of 30-40 cm from the ground, and apply a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5%. After the purple camellia seedlings were transplanted for 30 days, every 15 days, the compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5% was sprayed, and weeding was done manually, and water would be poured before and after weeding; Apply 2.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 2.5kg of calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer to the plant mother seedlings, and spray growth hormone at the same time, and pour a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5% every 15 days to promote germination again for the next cutting. Take ears for preparation.

In the first ten days of late March, cut 5-6cm-long robust, pest-free, semi-lignified twigs from the ear-picking mother seedlings as cuttings and cuttings. Cut off all leaves 3 to 4 cm above the base of the cuttings, keep only the upper 1 to 2 leaves, and cut the remaining 1 to 2 leaves into half leaves, and then cut the lower end of the cuttings into a slanted shape. Soak the cuttings in 0.5% carbendazim for 15 minutes, take them out, rinse them with clean water and set aside. Mix indole-3-butyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid powder at a ratio of 10:1, add a small amount of 95% industrial alcohol to dissolve, then use distilled water to prepare a 1500mg/L mixed hormone solution, and add an appropriate amount of clean talcum powder to stir Mix evenly to form a paste, and make rooting slurry II for later use.

Cuttings are carried out in spring, summer or autumn, and cutting beds are used in greenhouses or built-up greenhouses. Before cutting seedlings, a shading shed with a shading degree of 50% is set up for shade. The setting of the cutting bed is that the height of the bed is 30cm, the width is 100cm, and the length is 6m; clean and fresh river sand is used as the drainage layer in the cutting bed, and the thickness of the drainage layer is 20cm, and then filled with matrix II, the thickness of matrix II is 8-10cm, and the weight concentration is 0.2%. The potassium permanganate solution was used to disinfect the matrix II 2 days in advance. Carry out cuttings on the cutting bed with a row spacing of 4cm×6cm; when cutting, first insert a small hole in the seedbed with a small wooden stick slightly thicker than the diameter of the cuttings, and then fully soak the base of the cuttings with rooting paste II, and then immediately insert them into the medium. In the cutting bed of II, the cutting depth is 1/2 of the length of the cuttings, and the leaves should not cross and overlap, and then the matrix II around the cuttings should be compacted; immediately after the cuttings, water once and rinse the leaves to make the cuttings and the matrix II tightly combined. Wherein, the matrix II is made by uniformly mixing clean fresh yellow heart soil and clean river sand at a volume ratio of 4:1.

Immediately cover the cuttings with a plastic film to keep moisture after cutting, keep the water content of matrix II at 60-70%, and keep the relative humidity above 90%. During this period, the moisturizing cover should not be uncovered frequently; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a weight concentration of 0.2-0.3% until rooting. At the same time, spray carbendazim with a weight concentration of 0.2 to 0.5% every 7 to 10 days to prevent infestation by diseases and insect pests. During the period, if the cuttings are dry, mildewed and fallen leaves should be removed in time. A small amount of rooting occurred in 35 days. After the cuttings took root, the ungerminated cuttings were treated with 300mg/L 6-BA medicinal solution to promote germination; 15 days after rooting, the frequency of water spraying was gradually reduced to harden the seedlings; the management after hardening was Mainly do a good job in fertilizer and water management and pest control. After 90 days, the survival rate was fully investigated, and the rooting rate reached 95.0%. Seedlings can be out of the nursery when they grow 10-15cm high.

Example 2:

Select the vigorous growth and no pests and diseases of the hairy purple camellia branch as the pressed branch, peel off the bark at the base of the pressed branch at 3 to 5 cm, add a small amount of 95% technical alcohol to dissolve with indole-3-butyric acid powder, Then use distilled water to prepare a 250ppm hormone aqueous solution and apply the girdling site once, let it air dry for 5 minutes, and bandage the girdling site according to the conventional method. On the same day, spray the bactericidal disinfectant on the stripped plants according to the conventional method, and then spray the root of the mother tree with water every 15 days. ; From the 15th day after the branches are stripped and rooted, gradually reduce the frequency of spraying water and fertilizer to harden the seedlings; continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. After cutting off the stripped seedlings, dip in 1.5kg of diluted 1000 times root sun water and 5kg of clean and fresh yellow heart soil to form a paste-like rooting slurry I, take out and dry, and plant the stripped seedlings on the filled substrate In the container of Ⅰ, drench the fixed root water. The substrate I is to use 65 catties of clean and fresh yellow heart soil, add 30 catties of coconut bran and 5 catties of peat, mix evenly, and disinfect it with a potassium permanganate solution with a weight concentration of 0.3% 1 day in advance, and then add 1000 times diluted root The sun water liquid is made by stirring evenly. The humidity is better to have a few sporadic drops of water dripping down with a little force. Manage the container seedlings so that thin fertilizers are applied frequently. In the early stage, fertilization outside the roots is the main method, and the leaves are sprayed with carbendazim aqueous solution with a weight concentration of 0.4-0.6% every 8 days; Drench the roots with water and fertilizer diluted with retting peanut bran at a weight concentration of 4% once, and then twice a month after 6 months. The concentration is 0.4% trichlorfon, and contains the mixed aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and foliage treasure at a weight concentration of 0.2%, and sprays the leaves evenly; at the same time, water the root of the container seedling diluted to 2000 times every 20 days. Water in the sun once, and the action should be gentle when watering, based on the principle that a small amount of water seeps out of the bottom of the container; after the container seedlings are cultivated in the container for one year, the container-cultivated purple camellia seedlings are obtained.

Transplant the cultivated purple camellia seedlings in late January, and set up a shade shed with a shading degree of 55% to prepare for shade before transplanting the seedlings. Choose a plot with flat terrain, leeward to the sun, convenient drainage and irrigation, and relatively fertile soil, and carry out full reclamation of the nursery. Set up a walkway with a width of 40cm and a width of 1m. The length of the furrow depends on the terrain. Dig a planting ridge with a length, width, and height of 60 cm according to the row spacing of 50 cm × 50 cm; apply 5 kg of decomposed manure and 2.5 kg of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate fertilizers to each planting ridge, and mix it with the topsoil as a base fertilizer. Transplant the purple camellia seedlings as mother seedlings in the planting ridge, backfill the topsoil to fill up the ridge hole, and slightly higher than the ridge surface, and drench the rooting water. On the day of planting the mother seedlings, use sharp scissors to truncate the mother seedlings to promote germination. The method of truncating the mother seedlings is to cut off the base of the mother seedlings at a distance of 30-40 cm from the ground, and apply a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5%. After the purple camellia seedlings were transplanted for 30 days, every 15 days, the compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5% was sprayed, and weeding was done manually, and water would be poured before and after weeding; Apply 2.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 2.5kg of calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer to the plant mother seedlings, and spray growth hormone at the same time, and pour a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5% every 15 days to promote germination again for the next cutting. Take ears for preparation.

In mid-April, cut 5-6cm-long robust, pest-free, semi-lignified twigs from the ear-picking mother seedlings as cuttings and cuttings. Cut off all leaves 3 to 4 cm above the base of the cuttings, keep only the upper 1 to 2 leaves, and cut the remaining 1 to 2 leaves into half leaves, and then cut the lower end of the cuttings into a slanted shape. Soak the cuttings in 0.5% carbendazim for 15 minutes, take them out, rinse them with clean water and set aside. Mix indole-3-butyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid powder at a ratio of 10:1, add a small amount of 95% industrial alcohol to dissolve, then use distilled water to prepare a 2000mg/L mixed hormone solution, and add an appropriate amount of clean talcum powder to stir Mix evenly to form a paste, and make rooting slurry II for later use.

Cuttings are carried out in summer, and cutting beds are made in the greenhouses that have been built. Before cutting seedlings, a shading shed with a shading degree of 55% is set up in order to prepare for shade. The setting of the cutting bed is that the edge of the bed is 30cm high, 100cm wide, and 6m long; clean and fresh river sand is used as the drainage layer in the cutting bed, and the thickness of the drainage layer is 20cm. Potassium manganate solution was used to disinfect matrix II 2 days in advance. Carry out cuttings on the cutting bed with a row spacing of 4cm×6cm; when cutting, first insert a small hole in the seedbed with a small wooden stick slightly thicker than the diameter of the cuttings, and then fully soak the base of the cuttings with rooting paste II, and then immediately insert them into the medium. In the cutting bed of II, the cutting depth is 1/2 of the length of the cuttings, and the leaves should not cross and overlap, and then the matrix II around the cuttings should be compacted; immediately after the cuttings, water once and rinse the leaves to make the cuttings and the matrix II tightly combined. Wherein, the matrix II is made by uniformly mixing pure clean fresh yellow heart soil and clean river sand at a volume ratio of 4:1.

Immediately cover the cuttings with a plastic film to keep moisture after cutting, keep the water content of matrix II at 60-65%, and keep the relative humidity above 90%. During this period, the moisturizing cover should not be uncovered frequently; The weight concentration is 0.2~0.3% Ye Mian Bao, until rooting. At the same time, spray zinc with a weight concentration of 0.2 to 0.5% every 8 days to prevent infestation by diseases and insect pests. During the period, if the cuttings are dry, mildewed, and fallen leaves should be removed in time. A small amount of rooting occurred in 35 days. After the cuttings took root, the ungerminated cuttings were treated with 400mg/L 6-BA medicinal solution to promote germination; 15 days after rooting, the frequency of water spraying was gradually reduced to harden the seedlings; the management after hardening was Mainly do a good job in fertilizer and water management and pest control. After 90 days, the survival rate was fully investigated, and the rooting rate reached 96.5%. Seedlings can be out of the nursery when they grow 10-15cm high.

Example 3:

Select the vigorous growth and no pests and diseases of the hairy purple camellia branch as the pressed branch, peel off the bark at the base of the pressed branch at 3 to 5 cm, add a small amount of 95% technical alcohol to dissolve with indole-3-butyric acid powder, Then use distilled water to prepare a 250ppm hormone aqueous solution, apply the girdling site twice, let it air dry for 10 minutes, and bandage the girdling site according to the conventional method. The next day, spray the bactericidal disinfectant on the stripped plants in time according to the conventional method, and then spray the roots of the mother tree with water every 15 days, and spray the bactericidal disinfectant on the stripped branches and the leaves of other branches of the mother tree. Fertilizer water solution; from the 15th day after the branches are stripped and rooted, gradually reduce the frequency of spraying water and fertilizer to harden the seedlings; continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. After cutting off the stripped seedlings, dip in 1.5kg of the diluted 2000 times root sun water and 5kg of clean and fresh yellow heart soil to form a paste-like rooting slurry I, take out and dry, and plant the stripped seedlings on the filled substrate In the container of Ⅰ, drench the fixed root water. The substrate I is to use 60kg of clean and fresh yellow heart soil, add 35kg of coconut peat and 5kg of peat, mix evenly, and disinfect it with a potassium permanganate solution with a weight concentration of 0.4% 2 days in advance, and then add root sun water solution diluted 2000 times , Stir evenly to make it, the humidity should be grasped with a little force to have a few sporadic drops of water dripping down. Manage the container seedlings, so that thin fertilizers are applied frequently. In the early stage, fertilization outside the roots is the main method, and the leaves are sprayed once every 9 days with an aqueous solution of zinc zinc with a weight concentration of 0.4-0.6%; after 3 months, every month Drench the roots with water and fertilizer diluted with retting peanut bran at a weight concentration of 5% once, and twice a month after 6 months. At this time, thiophanate A with a weight concentration of 0.4-0.6% is used twice a month. and trichlorfon with a weight concentration of 0.3%, and a mixed aqueous solution containing 0.2 to 0.3% weight concentration of Ye Mian Bao and Da Fei Wang, and spray the leaves evenly; at the same time, water the roots of the container seedlings every 20 days and dilute to 2000 Double the root sun water once, and the action should be gentle when watering. The principle is that a small amount of water seeps out of the bottom of the container; after the container seedlings are cultivated in the container for one and a half years, the container-cultivated purple camellia seedlings are obtained.

Transplant the cultivated purple camellia seedlings at the beginning of February, and set up a 60% shade shed before transplanting to prepare for shade. Choose a plot with flat terrain, leeward to the sun, convenient drainage and irrigation, and relatively fertile soil, and carry out full reclamation of the nursery. Set up a walkway with a width of 40cm and a width of 1m. The length of the furrow depends on the terrain. Dig a planting ridge with a length, width, and height of 65 cm according to the row spacing of 50 cm × 50 cm; apply 2.5 kg of compost and 2.0 kg of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate fertilizer to each planting ridge, and mix it with the topsoil as a base fertilizer. Transplant the purple camellia seedlings as mother seedlings in the planting ridge, backfill the topsoil to fill up the ridge hole, and slightly higher than the ridge surface, and drench the rooting water. On the second day after planting the mother seedlings, use sharp scissors to truncate the mother seedlings to promote germination. The method of truncating the mother seedlings is to cut off the base of the mother seedlings at a distance of 40-50 cm from the ground, and apply a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 1.0%. After the purple camellia seedlings were transplanted for 30 days, every 15 days, the compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 1.0% was drenched, and weeding was done manually, and water would be poured before and after weeding; Apply 2.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 2.5kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to the mother seedlings, and spray growth hormone at the same time, and pour a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 1.0% every 15 days to promote germination again and prepare for the next cutting. Take ears for preparation.

In the first ten days of June, cut 6-7cm-long robust, pest-free, semi-lignified twigs from the ear-picking mother seedlings as cuttings and cuttings. Cut off all leaves 3 to 4 cm above the base of the cuttings, keep only the upper 1 to 2 leaves, and cut the remaining 1 to 2 leaves into half leaves, and then cut the lower end of the cuttings into a slanted shape. Soak the cuttings in 0.5% carbendazim for 15 minutes, take them out, rinse them with clean water and set aside. Mix indole-3-butyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid powder at a ratio of 15:1, add a small amount of 95% industrial alcohol to dissolve, then use distilled water to prepare a 1500mg/L mixed hormone solution, and add an appropriate amount of clean talcum powder to stir Mix evenly to form a paste, and make rooting slurry II for later use.

Cuttings are carried out in summer, and cutting beds are made in greenhouses. The cutting beds are set up with a shade of 55% for shading before cutting seedlings. The setting of the cutting bed is that the edge of the bed is 30cm high, 100cm wide, and 7m long; pebbles are used as the drainage layer in the cutting bed, and the thickness of the drainage layer is 20cm. The solution was used to sterilize the matrix II 2 days in advance. Carry out cuttings on the cutting bed with a row spacing of 4cm×6cm; when cutting, first insert a small hole in the seedbed with a small wooden stick slightly thicker than the diameter of the cuttings, and then fully soak the base of the cuttings with rooting paste II, and then immediately insert them into the medium. In the cutting bed of II, the cutting depth is 1/3 of the length of the cuttings, and the leaves should not cross and overlap, and then the matrix II around the cuttings should be compacted; immediately after the cuttings, water once and rinse the leaves to make the cuttings and the matrix II tightly combined. Wherein, the matrix II is made by uniformly mixing clean fresh yellow heart soil and clean river sand at a volume ratio of 4:1.

Immediately cover the cuttings with a plastic film to keep moisture after cutting, keep the water content of matrix II at 65-70%, and keep the relative humidity above 90%. During this period, the moisturizing cover should not be uncovered frequently; The weight concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% Da Fei Wang aqueous solution until rooting. At the same time, spray thiophanate A with a weight concentration of 0.2 to 0.5% every 9 days to prevent infestation by diseases and insect pests. During the period, if the cuttings are dry, mildewed and fallen leaves should be removed in time. A small amount of rooting occurred in 35 days. After the cuttings took root, the ungerminated cuttings were treated with 500mg/L 6-BA medicinal solution to promote germination; 15 days after rooting, the frequency of water spraying was gradually reduced to harden the seedlings; after hardening, the management was as follows: Mainly do a good job in fertilizer and water management and pest control. After 90 days, the survival rate was fully investigated, and the rooting rate reached 98.0%. Seedlings can be out of the nursery when they grow 10-15cm high.

Example 4:

Select growth vigorously, the hairy purple camellia branch without damage by disease and insects as the pressed branch, peel off the bark at the base of the pressed branch at 5cm, add a small amount of 95% technical alcohol to dissolve with indole-3-butyric acid powder, and then use Distilled water was prepared into a 300ppm hormone aqueous solution, applied to the girdling site twice, allowed to air dry for 10 minutes, and then bandaged the girdling site according to conventional methods. The next day, spray the bactericidal disinfectant on the stripped plants in time according to the conventional method, and then spray the roots of the mother tree with water every 15 days, and spray the bactericidal disinfectant on the stripped branches and the leaves of other branches of the mother tree. Fertilizer water solution; from the 15th day after the branches are stripped and rooted, gradually reduce the frequency of spraying water and fertilizer to harden the seedlings; continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. After cutting off the stripped seedlings, dip in 1.5kg of the diluted 2000 times root sun water and 5kg of clean and fresh yellow heart soil to form a paste-like rooting slurry I, take out and dry, and plant the stripped seedlings on the filled substrate In the container of Ⅰ, drench the fixed root water. The substrate I is to use 65kg of clean and fresh yellow heart soil, add 30kg of coconut peat and 5kg of peat, mix evenly, and disinfect it with a potassium permanganate solution with a weight concentration of 0.5% 2 days in advance, and then add root sun water solution diluted 2000 times , Stir evenly to make it, the humidity should be grasped with a little force to have a few sporadic drops of water dripping down. Manage the container seedlings so that thin fertilizers are applied frequently. In the early stage, fertilization outside the roots is the main method, and the leaves are sprayed once every 10 days with an aqueous solution of thiophanate in the first stage with a weight concentration of 0.4-0.6%; after 3 months Drench the roots once a month with 5% weight concentration of retting peanut bran to dilute water and fertilizer, and then twice a month after 6 months. Tobuzin and trichlorfon with a weight concentration of .5%, and a mixed aqueous solution containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Ye Mian Bao and Da Fei Wang with a weight concentration of 0.2 to 0.3%, spray the leaves evenly; at the same time, every 20 days Irrigate the roots of container seedlings with 2,000 times diluted root-solar water once. When watering, the action should be gentle, and the principle is that a small amount of water seeps out of the bottom of the container; Hairy purple camellia seedlings.

Transplant the cultivated purple camellia seedlings in early February, and set up a shade shed with a shading degree of 50-60% before transplanting for shade. Choose a plot with flat terrain, leeward to the sun, convenient drainage and irrigation, and relatively fertile soil, and carry out full reclamation of the nursery. Set up a walkway with a width of 40cm and a width of 1m. The length of the furrow depends on the terrain. Dig a planting ridge with a length, width, and height of 70 cm according to a plant row spacing of 50cm×50cm; apply 5kg of compost and 2.5kg of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate fertilizer to each planting ridge, and mix it with the topsoil as a base fertilizer. Transplant the purple camellia seedlings as mother seedlings in the planting ridge, backfill the topsoil to fill up the ridge hole, and slightly higher than the ridge surface, and drench the rooting water. On the second day after planting the mother seedlings, use sharp scissors to truncate the mother seedlings to promote germination. The method of truncating the mother seedlings is to cut off the base of the mother seedlings at a distance of 40-50 cm from the ground, and apply a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 1.0%. After the purple camellia seedlings were transplanted for 30 days, every 15 days, the compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 1.0% was drenched, and weeding was done manually, and water would be poured before and after weeding; Apply 2.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 2.5kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to the mother seedlings, and spray growth hormone at the same time, and pour a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 1.0% every 15 days to promote germination again and prepare for the next cutting. Take ears for preparation.

In the first ten days of September, cut 7-8cm-long robust, pest-free, semi-lignified twigs from the ear-picking mother seedlings as cuttings. Cut off all leaves 3 to 4 cm above the base of the cuttings, keep only the upper 1 to 2 leaves, and cut the remaining 1 to 2 leaves into half leaves, and then cut the lower end of the cuttings into a slanted shape. Soak the cuttings in 0.5% carbendazim for 15 minutes, take them out, rinse them with clean water and set aside. Mix indole-3-butyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid powder at a ratio of 20:1, add a small amount of 95% industrial alcohol to dissolve, then use distilled water to prepare a 2000mg/L mixed hormone solution, and add an appropriate amount of clean talcum powder to stir Mix evenly to form a paste, and make rooting slurry II for later use.

Cuttings are carried out in autumn, and cutting beds are made in greenhouses or built-up greenhouses. Before cutting seedlings, a shade shed with a shading degree of 50-60% is set up for shade. The setting of the cutting bed is that the edge of the bed is 30cm high, 100cm wide, and 8m long; pebbles are used as the drainage layer in the cutting bed, and the thickness of the drainage layer is 20cm. Potassium acid solution was used to disinfect matrix II 3 days in advance. Carry out cuttings on the cutting bed with a row spacing of 4cm×6cm; when cutting, first insert a small hole in the seedbed with a small wooden stick slightly thicker than the diameter of the cuttings, and then fully soak the base of the cuttings with rooting paste II, and then immediately insert them into the medium. In the cutting bed of II, the cutting depth is 1/3 of the length of the cuttings, and the leaves should not cross and overlap, and then the matrix II around the cuttings should be compacted; immediately after the cuttings, water once and rinse the leaves to make the cuttings and the matrix II tightly combined. Wherein, the matrix II is made by uniformly mixing clean fresh yellow heart soil and clean river sand at a volume ratio of 4:1.

Immediately cover the cuttings with a plastic film to keep moisture after cutting, keep the water content of matrix II at 60-70%, and keep the relative humidity above 90%. During this period, the moisturizing cover should not be uncovered frequently; The weight concentration is 0.3% Da Fei Wang until it takes root. At the same time, spray thiophanate A with a weight concentration of 0.2 to 0.5% every 10 days to prevent infestation by diseases and insect pests. During the period, if the cuttings are dry, mildewed, and fallen leaves should be removed in time. A small amount of rooting occurred in 35 days. After the cuttings took root, the ungerminated cuttings were treated with 500mg/L 6-BA medicinal solution to promote germination; 15 days after rooting, the frequency of water spraying was gradually reduced to harden the seedlings; after hardening, the management was as follows: Mainly do a good job in fertilizer and water management and pest control. After 90 days, the survival rate was fully investigated, and the rooting rate reached 93.0%. When the seedlings grow 10-15cm high, they can go out of the nursery.

Claims (2)

1. a propagation method of purple camellia twig cuttings, characterized in that: comprise nursery stock cultivation, mother seedling cultivation, cuttings collection and processing, cuttage and management procedures after cutting, the purple camellia seedlings that are cultivated are used as ear picking mothers The seedlings are transplanted to the nursery for cultivation and germination, and the young shoots of Camellia pubescens are collected as cuttings in the cutting bed equipped with cutting substrates, and the light, relative humidity and water content of the substrate in the cutting bed are controlled to obtain the cutting seedlings of Camellia pubescens , the specific operation steps are as follows: (1) Nursery stock cultivation: ①Pressing branches in the air: Select vigorously growing and free from pests and diseases of the hairy purple camellia branches as the pressing branches, peel off the bark at the base of the pressing branches at 3 to 5 cm, and add a small amount of 95% indole-3-butyric acid powder After the industrial alcohol is dissolved, use distilled water to prepare a 200-300ppm hormone aqueous solution, apply the girdling site 1-2 times, let it air dry for 5-10 minutes, and bandage the girdling site according to the conventional method; ②Management after stripping: Spray the sterilized plants in a timely manner on the same day or the next day according to the conventional method, and then spray the roots of the mother tree with water every 15 days, and spray the leaves of the stripped branches and other branches of the mother tree separately 1 time of mixed solution of bactericidal disinfectant and foliar fertilizer; from the 15th day after the branches are stripped and rooted, gradually reduce the frequency of spraying water and fertilizer to harden the seedlings; continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests; ③Transplanting of stripped seedlings: After cutting off the stripped seedlings, dip in 1.5kg of rooting paste I mixed with 1.5kg of sun water diluted 1000-2000 times with 5kg of clean and fresh yellow heart soil, take it out and dry it The stripped seedlings are planted in the container filled with matrix I, drenched with water for rooting; The base I is the following components and parts by weight: 60-65 parts of clean and fresh yellow heart soil, 30-35 parts of coconut peat, 5 parts of peat, mixed evenly, and potassium permanganate with a weight concentration of 0.2-0.5% The solution is sterilized 1 to 2 days in advance, and then added root sun water solution diluted 1000 to 2000 times, and stirred evenly to make it. The humidity should be grasped with a little force to have a few sporadic drops of water dripping down; ④Container seedling management: Do thin fertilizer and apply frequently. In the early stage, fertilization outside the roots is the main method. Every 7 to 10 days, use 0.2 to 0.3% urea, 0.4 to 0.6% carbendazim, and 0.4 to 0.6% urea every 7 to 10 days. Spray the leaves once with an aqueous solution of Zinc and 0.4-0.6% thiophanate A; after 3 months, spray the retting peanut bran with a weight concentration of 3-5% on the roots once a month Dilute water and fertilizer, 2 times a month after 6 months. At this time, 2 times a month is to use one of carbendazim, zineb, and thiophanate at a weight concentration of 0.3% to 0.6%. ～0.5% trichlorfon, and an aqueous solution containing more than one kind of fertilizers among potassium dihydrogen phosphate, foliage treasure, and big fat king with a weight concentration of 0.2～0.3%, and spray the leaves evenly; at the same time, every 20 days. Irrigate the roots of container seedlings with 2000 times diluted root water solution once, and the action should be gentle when watering. The principle is that a small amount of water seeps out of the bottom of the container; after the container seedlings are cultivated in the container for one year or one and a half years, the container Cultivated purple camellia seedlings, set aside; (2) Mother seedling cultivation: ① Build a shade shed: Before transplanting seedlings, set up a shade shed with a shading degree of 50-60% for shade; ② Nursery preparation: Choose a plot with flat terrain, leeward to the sun, convenient drainage and irrigation, and relatively fertile soil, and carry out full reclamation of the nursery. Level the soil and remove grass roots; dig a planting ridge with a length, width, and height of not less than 50 cm according to the row spacing of 50cm×50cm; apply 2.5-5kg of decomposed manure or compost to each planting ridge, and 2.0-2.5kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and mix with the topsoil Mix well as base fertilizer; ③ Mother seedling transplantation: transplant the cultivated seedlings as mother seedlings in the planting ridge from mid-January to early February, backfill the topsoil to fill the ridge hole, and slightly higher than the ridge surface, and drench the rooting water; ④Truncation to promote germination: on the day or the second day after the mother seedlings are planted, use sharp scissors to truncate the mother seedlings to promote germination; The method for truncating the top to promote germination is to cut off the base of the mother seedling at a distance of 30-50 cm from the ground, and apply a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5-1.0%; ⑤Mother seedling management: 30 days after the seedlings are transplanted, spray a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5-1.0% every 15 days, artificial weeding, and water before and after weeding; weed and loosen the soil on the mother seedlings after ear picking At the same time, apply 2.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 2.5kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to each mother seedling, and spray growth hormone at the same time, and pour a compound fertilizer water solution with a weight concentration of 0.5-1.0% every 15 days to promote germination again. , to prepare for the next cutting and fringing; (3) Collection and processing of cuttings: ① Collection of cuttings: From late March to early September, cut 5-8cm long robust, pest-free, semi-lignified twigs from the ear-picking mother seedlings, and use them as cuttings; ②Pruning of cuttings: Cut off all the leaves 3-4cm above the base of the cuttings, keep only 1-2 leaves on the upper part, and cut the remaining 1-2 leaves into half leaves, and then cut the lower end of the cuttings into a slanted shape ; ③ Disinfection treatment: Soak the cuttings in 0.5% carbendazim for 15 minutes, then take them out, rinse with water and set aside; ④ Preparation of rooting pulp: Mix indole-3-butyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid powder at a ratio of 10 to 20:1 to prepare a mixed hormone solution with a certain concentration, and add an appropriate amount of clean talcum powder to mix and mix evenly to form a paste. Make rooting pulp II for later use; The mixed hormone solution is prepared by adding a small amount of 95% industrial alcohol to the mixed powder of indole-3-butyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid, and then using distilled water to prepare a 1500-2000mg/L hormone solution; (4) Cuttings: ① Build a shade shed: Make a cutting bed in a greenhouse or a well-built greenhouse, and set up a shade shed with a shading degree of 50-60% before cutting seedlings to prepare for shade; ② Cutting time: cutting in spring, summer or autumn; ③ Cutting method: Carry out cuttings on the cutting bed with a row spacing of 4cm×6cm; when cutting, first use a small stick slightly thicker than the diameter of the cuttings to insert a small hole in the seedbed, and then fully soak the base of the cuttings with the rooting paste II. Insert into the cutting bed with matrix II, the cutting depth is 1/2~1/3 of the length of the cuttings, the leaves should not cross and overlap, and then compact the matrix II around the cuttings; immediately water the cuttings once and rinse the leaves, Make the cuttings tightly combined with the matrix II; The matrix II is formed by uniformly mixing clean fresh yellow heart soil and clean river sand in a volume ratio of 4:1; (5) Management after cutting: ① Cutting management: Immediately cover the cuttings with a plastic film to keep moisture after cutting, keep the water content of matrix II at 60-70%, and keep the relative humidity above 90%. During this period, the moisturizing cover should not be uncovered frequently; Spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a weight concentration of 0.2-0.3% on the leaf surface every day or one of the fertilizer solutions of Yemianbao and Dafeiwang until the roots take root; at the same time, spray the weight concentration once every 7-10 days Both are 0.2-0.5% of carbendazim or one of the aqueous solutions of zinc or thiophanate A to prevent infestation by diseases and insect pests; during the period, if the cuttings are dry, mildewed and leaves should be removed in time; ② Management after rooting: a. Germination promotion: After the cuttings take root, use 300-500mg/L 6-BA liquid to treat the ungerminated cuttings to promote germination; b, seedling hardening: 15 days after rooting, gradually reduce the frequency of water spraying and harden the seedlings; c. Management after seedling hardening: Mainly do a good job in fertilizer and water management and prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. When the seedlings are 10-15cm high, they can be out of the nursery. 2. The method for propagating the young branches of Camellia pubescens according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (4) cutting, the cutting bed is set to be 30 cm high at the edge of the bed, 100 cm wide, and 6-8 m long; Use clean and fresh river sand or pebbles as the drainage layer in the cutting bed, the thickness of the drainage layer is 20cm, and then fill the matrix II, the thickness of the matrix II is 8-12cm, and use the potassium permanganate solution with a weight concentration of 0.2-0.5% in advance 2-3d. Matrix II was sterilized.