CN102577803B - Method for rapidly culturing improved mulberry seedlings by using sheared waste mulberry branches - Google Patents
Method for rapidly culturing improved mulberry seedlings by using sheared waste mulberry branches Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of the mulberry seedling culturing and the orchard constructing. In spring, the sheared waste mulberry branches are used for the hard branch hotbed cottage by applying the modern agricultural technology so that the matrix components are optimized, the nutrients are diversified, the cottages can root rapidly and survive, the rooting rate/survival rate of the cottages are greatly improved, and the mulberry seedlings can be transplanted in the field to grow or construct the orchard. The method has the advantages of rapid mulberry seedling culturing and orchard constructing, low cost, high rooting rate of cottages, high survival rate of the mulberry seedlings transplanted in the field, very wide source of cottages and simple technical process and being convenient to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the trees fields of growing seedlings, especially relate to mulberry tree and grow seedlings and build the garden technical field.
Background technology
Tradition is grown seedlings and is built the garden technology, and growing-seedling period is long, needs the First Year sowing, cultivates stock, and the Second Year grafting was planted Sang Jianyuan on the 3rd year, and its process reaches 3 years, and the rooting rate and transplanting survival rate not high.Complex process can not adapt to the production development needs.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling, take mulberry tree hotbed cuttage as core, give up branch as plugged ear from many top clippings for clip the maternal mulberry field of cutting propagation, carry out the hotbed cuttage and realize that breeding mulberry fast breeding builds the garden, realize that investment just has income then then, just can reach conventional art at one-year age and take the effect that just can reach in 3 years; In addition, present technique has also improved rooting rate and transplanting survival rate.
The technical scheme taked of the present invention is as follows for achieving the above object:
A kind of method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling is characterized in that:
(1) maternal mulberry field enriches boron fertilizer: every mu will be mixed the 1kg borax when organic fertilizer except normally executing nitrogen, phosphorus, the organic and inorganic fertilizer of potassium last year in maternal mulberry field; When but nursery stock grew to 5-6 sheet leaf, spray 0.2% borax solution in blade face sprayed 0.2% borax and 0.3% urea mixed solution again after 15-20 days, spray altogether secondary; Improve next year cuttage seeding root of hair rate;
(2) plugged ear clip: after the Spring Festival, before the mulberry tree rudiment, enrich the many of boron fertilizer from last year and can improve cuttage survival rate for clip plugged ear bar the maternal mulberry field of cottage propagation, that the fringe bar of clip requires is sturdy, substantial, fresh, without damage by disease and insect, and properly preservation; More than plugged ear required diameter 12mm, every segment length 150-180mcm approximately contained 3-4 bud;
(3) root-growing agent soaks: the satisfactory plugged ear that will shear, and every 20 a bundles are tied, and the plugged ear base portion will soak with root-growing agent, and soak time is 19-21 hour, and soaking depth is 20-30mm;
(4) set up hotbed: hotbed is built in indoor, and hotbed divides two kinds, and a kind of area is 6m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in bed is 1000w; Another kind of area is 5m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in bed is 800w, the distance between heating wire is 4-6cm; The matrix of hotbed is the mixture of following ingredients: river sand, adopting iron ore tailings, go out sawdust Bag Material, ferment bacterial manure after mushroom, its mass ratio is 1:(1-2): (0.5-1): (0.01-0.02), the set temperature self-con-tained unit, impale high 300mm in the seedbed surrounding with brick, bed wall surrounding paving one deck mulch film is conducive to hotbed surrounding heat and moisture preserving, guarantees the neat root of hair of plugged ear; Add the metal heat transfer net on the ground hot line, guarantee that temperature is even in the seedbed everywhere; Adopt interval temperature automatically to control, early stage, temperature was controlled at 28-30 ℃, impelled the cuttage seeding Rapid Rooting, and latter temperature is controlled at 26-28 ℃, protected root and supported root, made root healthy and strong; For solving the easily problem of rotten of seedbed high temperature and humidity environment, thick straw or the multiple-layer overlapped shade net of bed heelpiece 40-50mm directly put sand on net (grass), prevent rotten;
(5) plugged ear enters bed: the plugged ear that will soak root-inducing powder enters bed, and cutting density is 2000-2500 strain/m
2, namely area is 6m
2Every 1.2-1.5 ten thousand strains, fringe bud are exposed bed surface 1-2;
(6) hotbed temperature and humidity management: control temperature by temperature controller, keeps 28-30 ℃, the normal moisturizing profit of sand state, humidity is grabbed in matrix hand seam with hand watermark, loses ground matrix and can scatter and be advisable, 6m
2The hotbed 17-19 kilogram of spraying water every day.
(7) plugged ear is transplanted into the garden: when plugged ear is managed 12-14 days in the seedbed after, when root system reaches 20-30mm, need not hardening, directly be transplanted into the nursery, nursery lot will be selected sandy loam, keep the soil moisture in the soil degree of nursery lot moderate, first execute farmyard manure, surrounding is held the drain ditch successfully, plough whole thin, carry out the seedling furrow, open the dark planting furrow of 180-200mm on furrow, line-spacing 200mm, bottom of trench is by every mu of sealing fertilizer 22-28kg, insert 20-30mm Evening Tide soil, put into water-loss reducer, put again Nutrition Soil (burnt chaff: sand=1:3), select overcast and rainy, tiltedly come every 95-105mm and plant ditch on one side going out the every strain of a seedling, both sides are stopped up tight with hand to seedling with fine earth, the top of seedling only stays 1-2 bud to basset, all the other all imbed in soil, irrigate immediately normal root water after planting well, cover one deck shade net on transplant good nursery stock, according to weather, water spray, keep the suitable moisture of soil in good time, extracts shade net after 30 days,
(8) plant rear management: planting in rear one month is early stage, keeps a full stand of seedings as main take the drought resisting water drainage.When cuttage seeding survived rear seedling and grows to 2-3 sheet leaf, blade face spray 0.3-0.5% urea fertilizer 1-2 time when growing to 5-6 sheet leaf, sprayed the 0.18-0.22% BAS once; The 6-9 month is take fertile training management and prevention and elimination of disease and pests as main, executes urea 50kg, promotes mulberry sapling to grow for every mu minute 2-3 time;
(3) described root-growing agent mixes wiring solution-forming by root-inducing powder, Huolisu and anti-rotten agent, and the mass ratio that its three mixes is: ABT root-inducing powder: Huolisu: anti-rotten agent=9:0.4:0.6.
The described method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping quick reproduction improved variety mulberry, it is characterized in that: the described Nutrition Soil of step (7) is the mixture of burnt chaff and sand, and its mass ratio both is burnt chaff: sand=1:3.
Major advantage of the present invention: 1. grow seedlings, to build the garden fast, one-year age just can be to the effect of existing conventional method 2-3.2. economic benefit and social benefit are significantly high, cost savings 50%, and 50% left and right is saved in the soil.3. technical indicator is high, adopts hotbed matrix multi-component, has improved root of hair rate and survival rate, and the rooting rate is more than 95%, field-transplanting survival rate 98% left and right.4. the plugged ear source is very extensive, utilizes the top clipping bar to be plugged ear, does not affect silkworm in spring and produces.5. technical matters is simple and easy, and is easy to utilize.
The inventive method is widely used in the breeding of existing mulberry races.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is techniqueflow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiments
A kind of method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling is characterized in that:
(1) maternal mulberry field enriches boron fertilizer: every mu will be mixed the 1kg borax when organic fertilizer except normally executing nitrogen, phosphorus, the organic and inorganic fertilizer of potassium last year in maternal mulberry field; When but nursery stock grew to 5-6 sheet leaf, spray 0.2% borax solution in blade face sprayed 0.2% borax and 0.3% urea mixed solution again after 15-20 days, spray altogether secondary; Improve next year cuttage seeding root of hair rate;
(2) plugged ear clip: after the Spring Festival, before the mulberry tree rudiment, enrich the many for clip plugged ear bar the maternal mulberry field of cottage propagation of boron fertilizer from last year, can improve cuttage survival rate.That the fringe bar of clip requires is sturdy, substantial, fresh, without damage by disease and insect, and properly preservation; More than plugged ear required diameter 12mm, every segment length 150-180mcm approximately contained 3-4 bud;
(3) root-growing agent soaks: the satisfactory plugged ear that will shear, and every 20 a bundles are tied, and the plugged ear base portion will soak with root-growing agent, and soak time is 19-21 hour, and soaking depth is 20-30mm;
(4) set up hotbed: hotbed is built in indoor, and hotbed divides two kinds, and a kind of area is 6m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in bed is 1000w; Another kind of area is 5m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in bed is 800w, the distance between heating wire is 4-6cm; The matrix of hotbed is the mixture of following ingredients: river sand, adopting iron ore tailings, go out sawdust Bag Material, ferment bacterial manure after mushroom, its mass ratio is 1:1.5:0.8:0.01, the set temperature self-con-tained unit, impale high 300mm in the seedbed surrounding with brick, bed wall surrounding paving one deck mulch film is conducive to hotbed surrounding heat and moisture preserving, guarantees the neat root of hair of plugged ear; Add the metal heat transfer net on the ground hot line, guarantee that temperature is even in the seedbed everywhere; Adopt interval temperature automatically to control, early stage, temperature was controlled at 28-30 ℃, impelled the cuttage seeding Rapid Rooting, and latter temperature is controlled at 26-28 ℃, protected root and supported root, made root healthy and strong; For solving the easily problem of rotten of seedbed high temperature and humidity environment, thick straw or the multiple-layer overlapped shade net of bed heelpiece 40-50mm directly put sand on net (grass), prevent rotten;
(5) plugged ear enters bed: the plugged ear that will soak root-inducing powder enters bed, and cutting density is 2000-2500 strain/m
2, namely area is 6m
2Every 1.2-1.5 ten thousand strains, fringe bud are exposed sand face 1-2;
(6) hotbed temperature and humidity management: control temperature by temperature controller, keeps 28-30 ℃, the normal moisturizing profit of sand state, humidity is grabbed in matrix hand seam with hand watermark, loses ground matrix and can scatter and be advisable, 6m
2The hotbed 17-19 kilogram of spraying water every day.
(7) plugged ear is transplanted into the garden: when plugged ear is managed 12-14 days in the seedbed after, when root system reaches 20-30mm, need not hardening, directly be transplanted into the nursery.Nursery lot will be selected sandy loam, keep the soil moisture in the soil degree of nursery lot moderate.First execute farmyard manure, surrounding is held the drain ditch successfully, ploughs whole carefully, carries out the seedling furrow, open the dark planting furrow of 180-200mm on furrow, line-spacing 200mm, bottom of trench is by every mu of sealing fertilizer 22-28kg, insert 20-30mm Evening Tide soil, put into water-loss reducer, then put Nutrition Soil (burnt chaff: sand=1:3).Select overcast and rainyly, tiltedly come every 95-105mm and plant ditch on one side going out the every strain of a seedling, both sides are stopped up tight with fine earth to seedling with hand, and the top of seedling only stays 1-2 bud to basset, and all the other are all imbedded in soil, irrigate immediately normal root water after planting well; Cover one deck shade net on transplant good nursery stock, according to weather, water spray, keep the suitable moisture of soil in good time, extracts shade net after 30 days.
(8) plant rear management: planting in rear one month is early stage, keeps a full stand of seedings as main take the drought resisting water drainage.When cuttage seeding survived rear seedling and grows to 2-3 sheet leaf, blade face spray 0.3-0.5% urea fertilizer 1-2 time when growing to 5-6 sheet leaf, sprayed the 0.18-0.22% BAS once; The 6-9 month is take fertile training management and prevention and elimination of disease and pests as main, executes urea 50kg every mu minute 2-3 time, and composite fertilizer 25kg promotes mulberry sapling to grow;
The particle of iron ore mine forms (unit: mm) (%)
| Material name | ?1.0 | 1.0-0.5 | 0.5-0.25 | 0.25-0.125 | 0.125-0.08 | ?0.08 |
| Adopting iron ore tailings | 0.23 | 1.44 | 26.13 | 33.82 | 24.61 | 13.77 |
The chemical composition analysis of iron ore mine (%)
Table one innovative technology of the present invention and other seedling growing process indices contrast table
Illustrate: 1, innovative technology plugged ear source is wide, does not affect spring cocoon production, has solved the difficult problem in traditional cuttage practical middle plugged ear source.
2, solve cuttage mulberry races problem.
3, adopt multi-component matrix, the ground hot line is heated, and has solved plugged ear because of root of hair, the low problem that goes out then garden high-quality seedling that reaches of survival rate after first germinateing, and Mulberry Cuttage has been pushed to practical.
4, reduce the recruitment cost of growing seedlings.
Root-inducing powder and common root-inducing powder rooting rate contrast table that table two the present invention uses
| The root-growing agent kind | Cuttage strain number | Root of hair strain number | The root of hair rate |
| The mulberry tree root-inducing powder | 100 | 93 | 93 |
| Local commercially available root-inducing powder | 100 | 58 | 48 |
| The clear water contrast | 100 | 10 | 10 |
Claims (4)
1. method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling is characterized in that:
(1) maternal mulberry field enriches boron fertilizer: every mu will be mixed the 1kg borax when organic fertilizer except normally executing nitrogen, phosphorus, the organic and inorganic fertilizer of potassium last year in maternal mulberry field; When nursery stock grew to 5-6 sheet leaf, spray 0.2% borax solution in blade face sprayed 0.2% borax and 0.3% urea mixed solution again after 15-20 days, spray altogether secondary; Improve next year cuttage seeding root of hair rate;
(2) plugged ear clip: after the Spring Festival, before the mulberry tree rudiment, enrich the many of boron fertilizer from last year and can improve cuttage survival rate for clip plugged ear bar the maternal mulberry field of cottage propagation, that the fringe bar of clip requires is sturdy, substantial, fresh, without damage by disease and insect, and properly preservation; More than plugged ear required diameter 12mm, every segment length 150-180mm contained 3 or 4 buds;
(3) root-growing agent soaks: the satisfactory plugged ear that will shear, and every 20 a bundles are tied, and the plugged ear base portion will soak with root-growing agent, and soak time is 19-21 hour, and soaking depth is 20-30mm;
(4) set up hotbed: hotbed is built in indoor, and hotbed divides two kinds, and a kind of area is 6m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in bed is 1000w; Another kind of area is 5m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in bed is 800w, the distance between heating wire is 4-6cm; The matrix of hotbed is the mixture of following ingredients: river sand, adopting iron ore tailings, go out sawdust Bag Material, ferment bacterial manure after mushroom, its mass ratio is 1:(1-2): (0.5-1): (0.01-0.02), the set temperature self-con-tained unit, impale high 300mm in the seedbed surrounding with brick, bed wall surrounding paving one deck mulch film is conducive to hotbed surrounding heat and moisture preserving, guarantees the neat root of hair of plugged ear; Add the metal heat transfer net on the ground hot line, guarantee that temperature is even in the seedbed everywhere; Adopt interval temperature automatically to control, early stage, temperature was controlled at 28-30 ℃, impelled the cuttage seeding Rapid Rooting, and latter temperature is controlled at 26-28 ℃, protected root and supported root, made root healthy and strong; For solving the easily problem of rotten of seedbed high temperature and humidity environment, thick straw or the multiple-layer overlapped shade net of bed heelpiece 40-50mm directly put sand at net or above grass, prevents rotten;
(5) plugged ear enters bed: the plugged ear that will soak root-inducing powder enters bed, and cutting density is 2000-2500 strain/m
2, namely area is 6m
2Every 1.2-1.5 ten thousand strains, fringe bud are exposed bed surface 1-2;
(6) hotbed temperature and humidity management: control temperature by temperature controller, keep 28-30 ℃, the normal moisturizing profit of sand state, 6m
2The hotbed 17-19 kilogram of spraying water every day;
(7) plugged ear is transplanted into the garden: when plugged ear is managed 12-14 days in the seedbed after, when root system reaches 20-30mm, need not hardening, directly be transplanted into the nursery, nursery lot will be selected sandy loam, keep the soil moisture in the soil degree of nursery lot moderate, first execute farmyard manure, surrounding is held the drain ditch successfully, plough whole thin, carry out the seedling furrow, open the dark planting furrow of 180-200mm on furrow, line-spacing 200mm, bottom of trench is by every mu of sealing fertilizer 22-28kg, insert 20-30mm Evening Tide soil, put into water-loss reducer, put again Nutrition Soil, select overcast and rainy, tiltedly come every 95-105mm and plant ditch on one side going out the every strain of a seedling, both sides are stopped up tight with hand to seedling with fine earth, the top of seedling only stays 1-2 bud to basset, all the other all imbed in soil, irrigate immediately normal root water after planting well, cover one deck shade net on transplant good nursery stock, according to weather, water spray, keep the suitable moisture of soil in good time, extracts shade net after 30 days,
(8) plant rear management: planting in rear one month is early stage, keeps a full stand of seedings as main take the drought resisting water drainage.
2. a method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when cuttage seeding survives rear seedling and grows to 2-3 sheet leaf, blade face spray 0.3-0.5% urea fertilizer 1-2 time, when growing to 5-6 sheet leaf, spray 0.18-0.22% BAS is once; The 6-9 month is take fertile training management and prevention and elimination of disease and pests as main, executes urea 50kg, promotes mulberry sapling to grow for every mu minute 2-3 time.
3. a method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described root-growing agent of step (3) mixes wiring solution-forming by root-inducing powder, Huolisu and anti-rotten agent, and the mass ratio that its three mixes is: ABT root-inducing powder: Huolisu: anti-rotten agent=9:0.4:0.6.
4. a method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described Nutrition Soil of step (7) is the mixture of burnt chaff and sand, and its mass ratio both is burnt chaff: sand=1:3.
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102870567A (en) * | 2012-10-07 | 2013-01-16 | 刘万顺 | Fast planting method of mulberry orchards |
| CN103053372A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-24 | 崇左市江州区生产力促进中心 | High-yield mulberry cultivation method |
| CN104186176A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-12-10 | 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | Method for mass production and rapid collection of mulberry bud raw materials |
| CN104686134B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2017-04-05 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of method using heating incubator multilamellar breeding nursery stock |
| CN104823655A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-12 | 广德县菁菁果业专业合作社 | Cultivation method of mulberries |
| CN106171899A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-07 | 阜南县创发工艺品有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method weaving use mulberry |
| CN106718539A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 河池市技术开发中心 | A kind of mulberry tree implantation methods |
| CN106857161A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-06-20 | 上林县山水牛畜牧业有限公司 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of mulberry tree |
| CN108323364A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-27 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | The method that root propagation mulberry tree is used on salt-soda soil |
| CN108142127A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-12 | 广西壮歌农业科技桑博园有限责任公司 | A kind of mulberry tree cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN109392484A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-01 | 黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所 | A kind of advanced cuttage and quick-propagation method of extremely frigid zones Lonicera edulis |
| CN110663437A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-10 | 龙里县绿源智慧农业有限公司 | Mulberry seedling exercising technology |
| CN114271141B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-02-07 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Technology for inducing aerial rooting and breeding of taxus chinensis by utilizing agrobacterium rhizogenes |
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