A kind of method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling
Technical field
The present invention relates to the trees field of growing seedlings, especially relate to mulberry tree and grow seedlings and build the garden technical field.
Background technology
Tradition is grown seedlings and is built the garden technology, and growing-seedling period is long, needs sowing in 1 year, cultivates stock, and grafting in 1 year was planted Sang Jianyuan on the 3rd year, and its process reaches 3 years, and cuttage root of hair rate and transplanting survival rate are not high.Complex process can not adapt to the production development needs.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling; With mulberry tree hotbed cuttage is core; From how to insert fringe for the useless branch conduct of the top clipping of clip the maternal mulberry field of cutting propagation; Carry out the hotbed cuttage and realize that breeding mulberry fast breeding builds the garden, realize that investment just has income then then, just can reach conventional art at one-year age and take the effect that just can reach in 3 years; In addition, present technique has also improved cuttage root of hair rate and transplanting survival rate.
The technical scheme of taking for the present invention of realization above-mentioned purpose is following:
A kind of method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling is characterized in that:
(1) maternal mulberry field increases and executes boron fertilizer: every mu will be mixed the 1kg borax when organic fertilizer except that normally executing nitrogen, phosphorus, the organic and inorganic fertilizer of potassium last year in maternal mulberry field; When but nursery stock length arrived 5-6 sheet leaf, 0.2% borax solution was sprayed on the blade face, sprays one time 0.2% borax and 0.3% urea mixed solution after 15-20 days again, sprays secondary altogether; Improve next year cuttage seeding root of hair rate;
(2) insert the fringe clip: after the Spring Festival, before the mulberry tree rudiment, increase from last year and to execute the many of boron fertilizer and insert the fringe bar for clip the maternal mulberry field of cottage propagation, can improve cuttage survival rate, the fringe bar of clip requires sturdy, substantial, fresh, no damage by disease and insect, and appropriate preservation; Insert fringe and require more than the diameter 12mm, every segment length 150-180mcm contains 3-4 bud approximately;
(3) root-growing agent soaks: the satisfactory slotting fringe that will shear, and per 20 a bundles are tied, and insert the fringe base portion and will soak with root-growing agent, and soak time is 19-21 hour, and soaking depth is 20-30mm;
(4) set up hotbed: hotbed is built in indoor, and hotbed divides two kinds, and a kind of area is 6m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in the bed is 1000w; Another kind of area is 5m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in the bed is 800w, the distance of heating between the line is 4-6cm; The matrix of hotbed is the mixture of following ingredients: river sand, adopting iron ore tailings, go out sawdust Bag Material, ferment bacterial manure behind the mushroom; Its mass ratio is 1: (1-2): (0.5-1): (0.01-0.02); Electronic temperature controller is set; Impale high 300mm with brick around in the seedbed, spread one deck mulch film around the bed wall and help hotbed heat and moisture preserving all around, guarantee to insert the neat root of hair of fringe; On the ground hot line, add the metal heat transfer net, guarantee that temperature is even in the seedbed everywhere; Adopt interval temperature to control automatically, early stage, temperature was controlled at 28-30 ℃, impelled cuttage seeding to take root fast, and latter temperature is controlled at 26-28 ℃, protected root and supported root, made root healthy and strong; For solving the problem that high temperature many wet environments in seedbed are prone to mashed root, thick straw or the overlapping shade net of multilayer of bed heelpiece 40-50mm directly put sand on net (grass), prevents mashed root;
(5) insert fringe and go into bed: the slotting fringe that will soak root-inducing powder is gone into bed, and cutting density is 2000-2500 strain/m
2, promptly area is 6m
2Every 1.2-1.5 ten thousand strains, fringe bud are exposed bed surface 1-2;
(6) hotbed temperature and humidity management: by temperature controller control temperature, keeps 28-30 ℃, the sand profit state of often preserving moisture, humidity has watermark to hold in hand in the matrix hand seam, loses ground matrix and can scatter and be advisable 6m
2The hotbed 17-19 kilogram of spraying water every day.
(7) insert fringe and transplant the garden: when slotting fringe is managed 12-14 days in the seedbed after, when root system reaches 20-30mm, need not to refine seedling, direct transplanting is gone into the nursery; Nursery lot will be selected sandy loam, keep the soil moisture in the soil degree of nursery lot moderate, executes farmyard manure earlier, holds the drain ditch all around successfully; Plough and put in order carefully, carry out the seedling furrow, open the dark planting furrow of 180-200mm on the furrow, line-spacing 200mm; Bottom of trench is inserted 20-30mm Evening Tide soil by every mu of sealing fertilizer 22-28kg, puts into water-loss reducer, puts nutrition soil (burnt chaff: sand=1:3) again; Select overcast and rainyly, tiltedly come at a distance from 95-105mm and plant ditch on one side going out the every strain of a seedling, both sides are stopped up tight with hand to seedling with fine earth; The top of seedling only stays 1-2 bud to basset, and all the other are all imbedded in the soil, irrigates normal root water after planting immediately; On transplant good nursery stock, cover one deck shade net, according to weather, water spray keeps the suitable moisture of soil in good time, extracts shade net after 30 days;
(8) plant the back management: planting in back one month is early stage, and it is main keeping a full stand of seedings with the drought resisting water drainage.When seedling length was to 2-3 sheet leaf after cuttage seeding one-tenth was alive, the 0.3-0.5% urea fertilizer was sprayed 1-2 time in the blade face, when length arrives 5-6 sheet leaf, sprayed the 0.18-0.22% BAS once; The 6-9 month is main with fertile training management and prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and every mu of branch is executed urea 50kg for 2-3 time, promotes the mulberry sapling growth;
(3) described root-growing agent mixes wiring solution-forming by root-inducing powder, vigor element and anti-mashed root agent, and the mass ratio that its three mixes is: the ABT root-inducing powder: vigor is plain: prevent mashed root agent=9:0.4:0.6.
A described method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping quick reproduction improved variety mulberry is characterized in that: the described nutrition soil of step (7) is the mixture of burnt chaff and sand, and its two mass ratio is burnt chaff: sand=1:3.
Major advantage of the present invention: 1. grow seedlings, to build the garden fast, one-year age just can be to the effect of existing conventional method 2-3.2. economic benefit and social benefit are significantly high, cost savings 50%, and the soil saves about 50%.3. technical indicator is high, adopts hotbed matrix multi-component, has improved root of hair rate and survival rate, and cuttage root of hair rate is more than 95%, field-transplanting survival rate about 98%.4. the plugged ear source very extensively utilizes the top clipping bar to be plugged ear, does not influence silkworm in spring and produces.5. technical matters is simple and easy, and is easy to utilize.
the inventive method is adaptable across the breeding of existing mulberry races.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a techniqueflow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiments
A kind of method of utilizing the useless branch of mulberry tree top clipping fast breeding breeding mulberry sapling is characterized in that:
(1) maternal mulberry field increases and executes boron fertilizer: every mu will be mixed the 1kg borax when organic fertilizer except that normally executing nitrogen, phosphorus, the organic and inorganic fertilizer of potassium last year in maternal mulberry field; When but nursery stock length arrived 5-6 sheet leaf, 0.2% borax solution was sprayed on the blade face, sprays one time 0.2% borax and 0.3% urea mixed solution after 15-20 days again, sprays secondary altogether; Improve next year cuttage seeding root of hair rate;
(2) insert the fringe clip: after the Spring Festival, before the mulberry tree rudiment, increase from last year and to execute the many of boron fertilizer and insert the fringe bar, can improve cuttage survival rate for clip the maternal mulberry field of cottage propagation.The fringe bar of clip requires sturdy, substantial, fresh, no damage by disease and insect, and properly preserves; Insert fringe and require more than the diameter 12mm, every segment length 150-180mcm contains 3-4 bud approximately;
(3) root-growing agent soaks: the satisfactory slotting fringe that will shear, and per 20 a bundles are tied, and insert the fringe base portion and will soak with root-growing agent, and soak time is 19-21 hour, and soaking depth is 20-30mm;
(4) set up hotbed: hotbed is built in indoor, and hotbed divides two kinds, and a kind of area is 6m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in the bed is 1000w; Another kind of area is 5m
2, the electricity heating linear heat generation rate in the bed is 800w, the distance of heating between the line is 4-6cm; The matrix of hotbed is the mixture of following ingredients: river sand, adopting iron ore tailings, go out sawdust Bag Material, ferment bacterial manure behind the mushroom; Its mass ratio is 1:1.5:0.8:0.01; Electronic temperature controller is set; Impale high 300mm with brick around in the seedbed, spread one deck mulch film around the bed wall and help hotbed heat and moisture preserving all around, guarantee to insert the neat root of hair of fringe; On the ground hot line, add the metal heat transfer net, guarantee that temperature is even in the seedbed everywhere; Adopt interval temperature to control automatically, early stage, temperature was controlled at 28-30 ℃, impelled cuttage seeding to take root fast, and latter temperature is controlled at 26-28 ℃, protected root and supported root, made root healthy and strong; For solving the problem that high temperature many wet environments in seedbed are prone to mashed root, thick straw or the overlapping shade net of multilayer of bed heelpiece 40-50mm directly put sand on net (grass), prevents mashed root;
(5) insert fringe and go into bed: the slotting fringe that will soak root-inducing powder is gone into bed, and cutting density is 2000-2500 strain/m
2, promptly area is 6m
2Every 1.2-1.5 ten thousand strains, fringe bud are exposed sand face 1-2;
(6) hotbed temperature and humidity management: by temperature controller control temperature, keeps 28-30 ℃, the sand profit state of often preserving moisture, humidity has watermark to hold in hand in the matrix hand seam, loses ground matrix and can scatter and be advisable 6m
2The hotbed 17-19 kilogram of spraying water every day.
(7) insert fringe and transplant the garden: when slotting fringe is managed 12-14 days in the seedbed after, when root system reaches 20-30mm, need not to refine seedling, direct transplanting is gone into the nursery.Nursery lot will be selected sandy loam, keep the soil moisture in the soil degree of nursery lot moderate.Execute farmyard manure earlier, hold the drain ditch all around successfully, plough and put in order carefully, carry out the seedling furrow; Open the dark planting furrow of 180-200mm on the furrow, line-spacing 200mm, bottom of trench is by every mu of sealing fertilizer 22-28kg; Insert 20-30mm Evening Tide soil, put into water-loss reducer, put nutrition soil (burnt chaff: sand=1:3) again.Select overcast and rainyly, tiltedly come at a distance from 95-105mm and plant ditch on one side going out the every strain of a seedling, both sides are stopped up tight with fine earth to seedling with hand, and the top of seedling only stays 1-2 bud to basset, and all the other are all imbedded in the soil, irrigate normal root water after planting immediately; On transplant good nursery stock, cover one deck shade net, according to weather, water spray keeps the suitable moisture of soil in good time, extracts shade net after 30 days.
(8) plant the back management: planting in back one month is early stage, and it is main keeping a full stand of seedings with the drought resisting water drainage.When seedling length was to 2-3 sheet leaf after cuttage seeding one-tenth was alive, the 0.3-0.5% urea fertilizer was sprayed 1-2 time in the blade face, when length arrives 5-6 sheet leaf, sprayed the 0.18-0.22% BAS once; The 6-9 month is main with fertile training management and prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and every mu of branch is executed urea 50kg for 2-3 time, and composite fertilizer 25kg promotes the mulberry sapling growth;
The particle of iron ore mine is formed (unit: mm) (%)
Material name |
?1.0 |
1.0-0.5 |
0.5-0.25 |
0.25-0.125 |
0.125-0.08 |
?0.08 |
Adopting iron ore tailings |
0.23 |
1.44 |
26.13 |
33.82 |
24.61 |
13.77 |
The chemical composition analysis of iron ore mine (%)
Table one innovative technology of the present invention and other seedling growing process each item index contrast table
Illustrate: 1, innovative technology plugged ear source is wide, does not influence spring cocoon production, has solved the difficult problem in plugged ear source in traditional cuttage practicability.
2, solve cuttage and use the mulberry races problem.
3, adopt multi-component matrix, the ground hot line is heated, and has solved slotting fringe and has hanged down and go out then the problem of garden high-quality seedling because of root of hair, survival rate after germinateing earlier, has pushed Mulberry Cuttage to practicability.
4, reduce the recruitment cost of growing seedlings.
Root-inducing powder and common root-inducing powder rooting rate contrast table that table two the present invention uses
The root-growing agent kind |
Cuttage strain number |
Root of hair strain number |
The root of hair rate |
The mulberry tree root-inducing powder |
100 |
93 |
93 |
Local commercially available root-inducing powder |
100 |
58 |
48 |
The clear water contrast |
100 |
10 |
10 |