CN104365349A - High-quality and high-efficiency cultivation technology for rape in open field - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation technology for rape in an open field is characterized by comprising the processes of land preparation, ridging, seedling culture, transplantation, field planting, management and the like. The high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation technology solves the problems that the rape is easily influenced by the environment, is low in germination rate and non-uniform in growing trend, has multiple diseases in a later period and the like in a traditional cultivation and planting pattern. The high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation technology is suitable for planting of the rape in the open field.

Description

A kind of rape open country High efficiency and high quality cultivation technology

Technical field

The present invention relates to growing vegetables field, is a kind of rape open country High efficiency and high quality cultivation technology specifically.

Background technology

At present, rape cultivation pattern is: adopt traditional native seedbed nursery, do bedding cultivation, broad irrigation is watered wholely, the management mode of artificial trench digging caving & fertilizing, its shortcoming is easily affected by environmently emerged uneven, and large seedling is uneven, rear seedling-slowing stage is long, leaf strain undergrowth, later stage many diseases etc.Adverse effect is brought to rape open country High efficiency and high quality cultivation.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is the technical problem solving traditional rape cultivation method existence, invents a kind of rape open country High efficiency and high quality cultivation technology.

Technical scheme of the present invention, its special character comprises process:

1, whole ground ridging: first plough, next spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, then revolves ground, ridging, paving irrigate band, covering film, ridge height 16-20 centimetre, row spacing 85-90 centimetre;

2, nursery: the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite are mixed as matrix in the ratio of 9-3-1, the matrix mixed is loaded 128 hole dishes, every hole 1-2 grain seed, then put into intelligent greenhouse to set, carry out nursery, within after emerging 3-5 days, carry out thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, transplant and start to carry out hardening for first 7 days;

3, transplant planting: when Brassica Napus Seedling grows to " three leaves wholeheartedly ", be transplanted to land for growing field crops, every ridge duplicate rows, spacing in the rows 45-50 centimetre, digs cave field planting, and trains real surrounding soil, and transplanting should not be excessively dark, makes base portion just put down with earth's surface, and waters normal root water in time;

4, water and fertilizer management: keep certain soil moisture content (soil moisture content 60-75%), adopt drip irrigation moisturizing fertile time not enough, 7-10 days pour seedling recovering waters after field planting, on the basis using sufficient base manure, chase after urea 7-10 kilogram (first time topdresses) in conjunction with pour seedling recovering water every mu, enter the rosette stage, to water with cultivated generation, in good time restraining the growth of seedlings, root system is impelled to grow to depth, the restraining the growth of seedlings time should rest in 8-10 days, when lobus cardiacus starts inclusion, restraining the growth of seedlings should be terminated, start watering, fertilizing, every mu chases after N P and K punching fertilising 10-15 kilogram, enter peak of growing season, third time is chased after fertile in conjunction with watering, every mu chases after 7 kilograms, urea, 7 kilograms, potash fertilizer or the fertile 10-15 kilogram of N P and K punching fertilising, to suitably control to water in the pellet growth later stage, top dressing: initial stage foliage-spray 5 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate and in, trace element, boron deficiency or calcium deficiency can spray 0.1-0.2 ‰ borax soln, 0.3 ‰-0.5 ‰ calcium chloride or calcium nitrate solution 2-3 time mid-term in growth.

Technique effect

Technique effect of the present invention is, adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, rape open country High efficiency and high quality cultivation can be realized, this cultivation mode can make seeding ratio high, emerge neat, growing way is even, after transplanting, slow seedling is fast, disease pest and weed is few, and field management water-saving economizes fertile saving of labor, and output is high, quality better.

Embodiment

1, whole ground ridging: first plough, next spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, then revolves ground, ridging, paving irrigate band, covering film, ridge height 16-20 centimetre, row spacing 85-90 centimetre;

2, nursery: the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite are mixed as matrix in the ratio of 9-3-1, the matrix mixed is loaded 128 hole dishes, every hole 1-2 grain seed, then put into intelligent greenhouse to set, carry out nursery, within after emerging 3-5 days, carry out thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, transplant and start to carry out hardening for first 7 days;

3, transplant planting: when Brassica Napus Seedling grows to " three leaves wholeheartedly ", be transplanted to land for growing field crops, every ridge duplicate rows, spacing in the rows 45-50 centimetre, digs cave field planting, and trains real surrounding soil, and transplanting should not be excessively dark, makes base portion just put down with earth's surface, and waters normal root water in time;

4, water and fertilizer management: keep certain soil moisture content (soil moisture content 60-75%), adopt drip irrigation moisturizing fertile time not enough, 7-10 days pour seedling recovering waters after field planting, on the basis using sufficient base manure, chase after urea 7-10 kilogram (first time topdresses) in conjunction with pour seedling recovering water every mu, enter the rosette stage, to water with cultivated generation, in good time restraining the growth of seedlings, root system is impelled to grow to depth, the restraining the growth of seedlings time should rest in 8-10 days, when lobus cardiacus starts inclusion, restraining the growth of seedlings should be terminated, start watering, fertilizing, every mu chases after N P and K punching fertilising 10-15 kilogram, enter peak of growing season, third time is chased after fertile in conjunction with watering, every mu chases after 7 kilograms, urea, 7 kilograms, potash fertilizer or the fertile 10-15 kilogram of N P and K punching fertilising, to suitably control to water in the pellet growth later stage, top dressing: initial stage foliage-spray 5 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate and in, trace element, boron deficiency or calcium deficiency can spray 0.1-0.2 ‰ borax soln, 0.3 ‰-0.5 ‰ calcium chloride or calcium nitrate solution 2-3 time mid-term in growth.

Claims (1)

1. a rape open country High efficiency and high quality cultivation technology, is characterized in that comprising following process:

1, whole ground ridging: first plough, next spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, then revolves ground, ridging, paving irrigate band, covering film, ridge height 16-20 centimetre, row spacing 85-90 centimetre;

2, nursery: the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite are mixed as matrix in the ratio of 9-3-1, the matrix mixed is loaded 128 hole dishes, every hole 1-2 grain seed, then put into intelligent greenhouse to set, carry out nursery, within after emerging 3-5 days, carry out thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, transplant and start to carry out hardening for first 7 days;

3, transplant planting: when Brassica Napus Seedling grows to " three leaves wholeheartedly ", be transplanted to land for growing field crops, every ridge duplicate rows, spacing in the rows 45-50 centimetre, digs cave field planting, and trains real surrounding soil, and transplanting should not be excessively dark, makes base portion just put down with earth's surface, and waters normal root water in time;

4, water and fertilizer management: keep certain soil moisture content (soil moisture content 60-75%), adopt drip irrigation moisturizing fertile time not enough, 7-10 days pour seedling recovering waters after field planting, on the basis using sufficient base manure, chase after urea 7-10 kilogram (first time topdresses) in conjunction with pour seedling recovering water every mu, enter the rosette stage, to water with cultivated generation, in good time restraining the growth of seedlings, root system is impelled to grow to depth, the restraining the growth of seedlings time should rest in 8-10 days, when lobus cardiacus starts inclusion, restraining the growth of seedlings should be terminated, start watering, fertilizing, every mu chases after N P and K punching fertilising 10-15 kilogram, enter peak of growing season, third time is chased after fertile in conjunction with watering, every mu chases after 7 kilograms, urea, 7 kilograms, potash fertilizer or the fertile 10-15 kilogram of N P and K punching fertilising, to suitably control to water in the pellet growth later stage, top dressing: initial stage foliage-spray 5 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate and in, trace element, boron deficiency or calcium deficiency can spray 0.1-0.2 ‰ borax soln, 0.3 ‰-0.5 ‰ calcium chloride or calcium nitrate solution 2-3 time mid-term in growth.