CN105993626B - A kind of breeding method of potting Camellia nitidissima - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of potting Camellia nitidissima Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993626B CN105993626B CN201610376985.7A CN201610376985A CN105993626B CN 105993626 B CN105993626 B CN 105993626B CN 201610376985 A CN201610376985 A CN 201610376985A CN 105993626 B CN105993626 B CN 105993626B
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding methods of potting Camellia nitidissima, it is cultivated including stock stub, basin and management, propagation by grafiting and pruning process on stock stub, it, which waits levying, is: by carrying out managing and protecting cultivation from the excellent Camellia nitidissima elite stand that Camellia nitidissima Proterozoic introduces a fine variety lifes in 10 years back or more in garden, acquisition fringe bar grafts on the fragrant flower oil tea rootstock seedling cultivated, is quickly obtained a large amount of good potting Camellia nitidissimas.The present invention is directed to a variety of excellent rootstock seedling application characteristics that fragrant flower oil tea has, under conditions of Camellia nitidissima elite stand resource is extremely limited, it cultivates to obtain the big stub of fragrant flower oil tea by ground cultivating method first, after the big stub of fragrant flower oil tea cultivated is transplanted to Seedling bag maintenance management again, carry out the breeding method of Camellia nitidissima and fragrant flower oil tea big stock grafting, a large amount of potting Camellia nitidissimas can be quickly obtained, to promote the industrialized development of potting Camellia nitidissima to lay the foundation, there are preferable economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bowl cultivation method of ornamental plant, especially a kind of breeding method of potting Camellia nitidissima.
Background technique
Golden flower tea plant is Theaceae (Theaceae) Camellia (Camellia) Camellia nitidissima group (Section
Chrysantha Chang) plant general name, be the rareness species of unique petal golden yellow in camellia family, be considered as Hua Zhongzhen
Product, ornamental value is high, enjoys the good reputation of " tea race queen ", is called " giant panda " of plant kingdom.The leaf and Hua Fu of Camellia nitidissima
It is cardiovascular to prevention and treatment containing special golden flower tea saponin, Camellia nitidissima flavonoids, tea polyphenols and a variety of amino acid needed by human
Disease, anti-aging, improves body's immunity etc. with good prevention and treatment and health-care effect, scientific research valence at cancer-resisting
Value, medical value and economic value highly significant.
Due to the rare rare and its high ornamental value of Camellia nitidissima, domestic and international camellia circle and gardening bound pair its favor have
Add, it is not only very active to development and utilization of the Camellia nitidissima in terms of tea product and health care product, the potted landscape of Camellia nitidissima is opened in recent years
Send out also day animando.But since Camellia nitidissima is to belong to that main root is obvious, the underdeveloped ornamental plant of lateral root, seedling and cuttage seeding
The speed of growth is slow, and plant shape is poor, produces for potted flower, and cultivation period is long, and the especially seedling arrival time in florescence is long, is produced into
This height, is unfavorable for the scale development and application and popularization of the production of potting Camellia nitidissima, and cannot fundamentally change Camellia nitidissima spy
The Morphological Features that some flowers are sagging, internode is longer, plant type is not compact influence the ornamental value of potting Camellia nitidissima.Therefore urgent
It needs to realize potting Camellia nitidissima quickly breeding purpose using a kind of completely new breeding method, and then promotes artificial culture potting gold
The scale of jasmine tea, industrialization process.
Fragrant flower oil tea (C.osmantha) it is oil tea new species (the fragrant flower oil tea-Camellia section Paracamellia found in Nanning
One novel species, Ma Jinlin, Ye Hang, Ye Chuanxing, " guangxi plant ", the 6th phase of volume 2012,32), grey color is aromatic, has growth
Rapidly, the good characteristics such as resistance is strong.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is be directed to existing potting Camellia nitidissima Cultivating techniques deficiency, provide a kind of cultivation period it is short,
The breeding method of the few and at low cost potting Camellia nitidissima of consumptive material.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of breeding method of potting Camellia nitidissima, including stock stub is cultivated, basin and management, propagation by grafiting on stock stub
It with pruning process, waits levying and is: by introducing a fine variety the excellent of lifes in 10 years back or more from Camellia nitidissima Proterozoic in garden
Camellia nitidissima elite stand carries out managing and protecting cultivation, and acquisition fringe bar grafts on the fragrant flower oil tea rootstock seedling cultivated, is quickly obtained a large amount of
Good potting Camellia nitidissima, specific operating procedure are as follows:
(1) stock stub is cultivated:
1. preparing to garden: select illumination is sufficient, soil is fertile, irrigation and drainage are convenient, convenient for management plot as stock stub
With cultivating garden；
2. the small transplantation of seedlings of stock: the fragrant flower oil tea container seedling cultivated through container nursery being transplanted to preparation in 2~March
It is colonized to good garden bank, the nurturing period plants fragrant flower oil tea 5 annual~June and 11~December over the ground respectively and carries out 1 trimming,
The following side shoot of height of seedling 50cm is all wiped out, only stays an obvious trunk, while reinforcing fertilizer and water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(2) basin and management on stock stub:
1. preparing to garden: select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the good plot of irrigation and drainage as basin on stock with putting garden；
The wide 40cm of pavement, the wide 1.2m of furrow, furrow are long according to landform, dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot；
2. building cool canopy: building cool canopy on ready garden before excavation fragrant flower oil tea stub in case shade, cool canopy are high
2.0m~2.5m, degree of shading 60%~70%；
3. stub excavation and processing: in the early March of late December to next year, excavating fragrant flower oil tea stub；It is dense with volume
0.3~0.5% carbendazim solution of degree rinses taking-up after the 10~20min of soaking disinfection of stub root with clear water, then the root of stub
All leaching is stained with slurry of taking root in portion, and taking-up dries that 3~5min is spare, and the same day or next day complete above basin slightly；The slurry of taking root is
It is mixed with the IBA hormone aqueous solution that 1.5kg concentration is 200~500mg/L and the clean fresh yellow soil dilution of 5kg, is in
Starchiness；
4. basin on stub: it is good equipped with Nutrition Soil I, suitable size and permeability that the fragrant flower oil tea stub handled well is planted in
Non-woven fabrics Seedling bag in, be compacted Nutrition Soil after plant, neatly put in ready furrow face after drenching sufficient root water；
5. stub management: arch cover plastics moisture film, surrounding are sealed with soil compaction after field planting；1 was sprayed every 15~20 days
Secondary 0.2~0.5% carbendazim of volumetric concentration or 0.2~0.5% zineb of volumetric concentration, 0.2~0.5% methyl Tobe of volumetric concentration
Saliva reinforces the work of water drenching moisturizing, weeding；When stub starts to take out sprouting lamina, removing plastics moisture film；Carbendazim etc. is sprayed to kill
When microbial inoculum prevents and treats disease pest, at the same potassium dihydrogen phosphate that volumetric concentration is 0.2%~0.3% is added or volumetric concentration be 0.2%~
0.3% Ye Mian Bao sprays stub；
(3) propagation by grafiting:
1. grafting time: being grafted 8~November, scion at this time is full sturdy, high graft survival rate, and young sprout is sprouted fast；
2. acquiring fringe bar: to introduced a fine variety in garden from Camellia nitidissima Proterozoic the excellent Camellia nitidissima elite stands of lifes in 10 years back or more into
Row manages and protects cultivations, and from by managing and protecting the adopting on fringe Camellia nitidissima elite stand of cultivation, acquisition diameter is 0.2~0.4cm semi-lignified or wood
The Camellia nitidissima fringe bar of matter is as scion；
3. engrafting method: drawing skin grafting using directly disconnected anvil；Every stub grafts 2~3 scion, each scion mutually it
Between interval it is uniform；
4. disinfection, moisturizing and shade: after the completion of grafting, spraying 1 volumetric concentration more than 0.2~0.5% to entire stub first
One of bacterium spirit, 0.2~0.5% zineb of volumetric concentration, 0.2~0.5% thiophanate methyl of volumetric concentration carry out sterilizing,
Then grafting part is entirely entangled using moisturizing bag from top to down, is supported in moisturizing bag with 2 branches, not allowed bag to be encountered and connect
Fringe tightens sack；Finally shaded using brown paper, brown paper is tied up outside moisturizing bag according to the shape of moisturizing bag；Tie up ox
Notice that brown paper has plastic foil one faces outwardly when mulberry paper, has rain-proof effect, and block strong light；Pay attention to wanting east and west simultaneously
To sunlight is covered, forms one " bow " and fill arch, allow it that can be conducive to the photosynthesis of scion with light transmission；
5. managing after grafting: mainly carry out rudiment wipe out, fertilizer and water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；When scion young sprout robust growth
Afterwards, plastics bandage is released in winter current year or the 2nd year spring；
(4) pruning:
After grafting survival, when newly slightly growing 23~26cm, when basic lignifying, in conjunction with pinching, bud picking, sparse branching, branch is drawn etc.
Process presses potted landscape ideal form trimming and finishing to Camellia nitidissima.
The breeding method of fragrant flower oil tea container seedling described in above step (one) is as follows:
(1) prepare to garden: select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage it is good, convenient for management plot as fragrant flower oil tea
Seedlings nursery；
(2) seedbed preparation and container are put: it is by garden smooth and after having divided seedbed and pavement, then Nutrition Soil II will be housed
Seedling bag neatly by being tightly placed on seedbed, the specification of container bag is 12cm × 8cm；
(3) seed treatment: sowing before chosen seeds to the fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera for educating anvil, sterilize and vernalization processing；
(4) anvil is educated in sowing: the January of next year to 2 months after fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera vernalization, being showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally to seed long to radicle
After out, point is multicast in ready Seedling bag；
(5) rootstock seedling management: after planting to the regular water drenching moisturizing in seedbed, start to apply when anvil nursery stock grows 2~3 leaves
Fertilizer monthly applies 2 compound fertilizer's aqueous based on nitrogenous；While preventing and treating disease pest, it is 0.1~0.3% that volumetric concentration, which is added,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, volumetric concentration are 0.1~0.3% Ye Mian Bao, volumetric concentration is one of 0.1~0.3% big fertile wang aqueous solution
Foliage spray is carried out, fragrant flower oil tea container seedling is obtained.
Above-described Nutrition Soil II is formulated by mass percentage by following raw material: 30~35% clean yellow soil,
30~35% decomposed coco brans, 30% peat soil and 5% calcium superphosphate.
Seed selection described in above step (3) is set by the end of September to the sufficiently mature fragrant flower camellia oleifera fruit of harvesting at the beginning of 10 months for the year
Dried in room ventilation shady place, to tea fruit season crack take out tea seed, with clear water soak seed 2~3d, remove bubble through the water column it is light
Grain seed and small-sized seed choose big, full, without mildew and insect pest the fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera of grain；The disinfection is will to choose seeds
5~6min of disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate that obtained seed volumetric concentration is 0.1%；The vernalization is in for the year by the end of October
To early November, seed after picking up irrigation and disinfection with clean river sand sand storage vernalization, and pays attention to keeping river sand wet, humidity with
Agglomerating with hand grasping, loosing one's grip to scatter is advisable.
Above-described scion-seed tree to manage and protect method as follows:
1. elite stand fosters: then the weeds within the scope of cleared tree crown drip to tree root loosen the soil to clean tree disk,
Pine soil depth is 15~20cm, routinely periodically sprays medical fluid prevention and treatment Camellia nitidissima common disease and pest；
2. truncation rush is sprouted: Camellia nitidissima elite stand being carried out truncation dwarfing with sharp saw, is stayed within high 2m, in combination with repairing
It cuts, removes the weak branch of sick branch, and apical dominance is removed to each major branch secateurs in favor of promoting to sprout；
3. elite stand manages: distinguish ditching-fertilizing 1 time in 1~March and 6~July, fertilising be opened under elite stand tree crown it is wide deep each
The arc ditch of 20cm, long 100cm or so, every plant of 0.5~1kg of compound fertilizer for applying nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and microelement, by compound fertilizer
It uniformly applies in ditch, backfill surface soil is treaded, and is finally drenched to dressing furrow watering, while spray on plants is raw according to a conventional method to elite stand
Long hormone；Elite stand after adopting fringe carries out weeding, loosens the soil, and applies 0.5kg/ plants of decomposed organic fertilizer and 0.5 kg/ of calcium magnesium phosphate
Strain, the grafting for next time take fringe to prepare.
The small transplantation of seedlings of stock described in above step (one) is to reach 30cm or more, the thick 0.3cm or more of base diameter using height,
No disease and pests harm fragrant flower oil tea container seedling is transplanted into ready field planting bank, and field planting bank specification is not less than for length
Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in 40cm, seeding row spacing 80cm × 100cm, every bank backfill surface soil.
The method of the excavation of stub described in above step (two) is to plant when fragrant flower oil tea 2~3 years, sets diameter at high 50cm
Reach 2.5cm or more to be excavated, naked of stub retains most of lateral root root system without mud when excavation, main root stay it is long by 20~
30cm, cutting strunk stay the high 60~100cm of stake, do not stay or only stay the fragmentary blade of only a few substantially.
Nutrition Soil I described in above step (two) is formulated by mass percentage by following raw material: yellow soil 40~
50%, peat soil 20~30%, coco bran 20%, decomposed dung or decomposed bulging cake fertilizer 7%, calcium superphosphate 3%, while every cube of Nutrition Soil
It is mixed into slow-release fertilizer 3.0kg, is stirred evenly；The slow-release fertilizer is Ai Beishi (APEX) long-acting controlled release fertilizer 18-6-12 that is produced from the U.S.,
Fertilizer efficiency 6~8 months, containing 17.1% nitrogen, 5.7% phosphorus, 11.4% potassium and a small amount of trace element magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, molybdenum zinc etc..
Directly disconnected anvil described in above step (three) draws skin grafting, is in 50~80cm of fragrant flower oil tea stub trunk, leads to
At straight few section eye, then directly disconnected anvil cuts 2 knives along stock fractured edge, as deep as xylem, gently with point of a knife in parallel from top to bottom
Tiao Kai skin zone, it is 1.2~1.5cm, width and the basic suitable or stock slot more slightly larger than scion of scion rugosity size that depth, which is made,；
Scion trimming 4~5cm of growth, lower end is whittled into the horse ear shape of 1.2~1.5cm long, retains two leaves, two bud；The scion cut length is cut
Face is inserted into stock slot, is kept the forming layer of side to be aligned, the stock skin zone torn is covered on the reverse side notch of scion, most
Scion is tightened from bottom to top with grafting special plastic film bandage afterwards；Paying attention to exposing bud eye when tightening scion, when binding, will tense,
Prevent scion mobile.
Above step (three) described managing after grafting is every 7~10 days, in foliage-spray volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3%
One of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the Ye Mian Bao of volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3%, big fertile wang aqueous solution of volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3%,
Spray simultaneously 1 0.2~0.5% carbendazim of volumetric concentration or 0.2~0.5% zineb of volumetric concentration or volumetric concentration 0.2~
0.5% thiophanate methyl, is infected until taking root with preventing disease and pest；In combination with the grafting part that manually weeds out the rank grass and erase
The stock rudiment bar extracted out below, to concentrate Nutrients uptake scion to grow.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the advantage that and has the beneficial effect that:
The present invention has the advantage that compared with the prior art
1, the potting Camellia nitidissima of the breeding method of a kind of potting Camellia nitidissima of the invention, grafting is big by fragrant flower oil tea stock
Stake can quickly be cured the advantageous feature of the stronger adaptability of natural environments such as drought, flood, acid, alkali, salt, high temperature, scion with stock
Merge and sprout young sprout, and the young sprout growth sprouted is rapidly, 50~60cm high can be grown to by managing and protecting 5~6 months or so scion young sprouts.
2, the breeding method of a kind of potting Camellia nitidissima of the invention, rootstock seedling cultivate light base contained by used Nutrition Soil II
Matter ratio is higher, and the sturdy prosperity of fragrant flower oil tea container seedling root system of cultivation, energetic, resistance is strong, the container seedling pipe of cultivation
Reason is convenient, easy to operate, convenient transportation, high survival rate after transplanting, and nursery stock restores fast.
3, the breeding method for a kind of potting Camellia nitidissima invented, to the stock stub excavation cultivated using completely naked
Root mode is excavated, easy to operate to processing methods such as stub root system, side shoot, blades, convenient transportation, artificial few, at low cost.
4, the breeding method for a kind of potting Camellia nitidissima invented, light base contained by Nutrition Soil I used by basin on stock stub
Matter ratio is higher, while being mixed into slow-release fertilizer, and soil fertility is stablized persistently, and fertilizer application frequency is reduced, and saves labour cost, can effectively change
It is good and adjust Nutrition Soil fertility, and the danger burnt of root cells to naked transplanting plant can be effectively reduced, naked transplanting
Fragrant flower oil tea stock stub root regeneration is fast, high survival rate, and growth is rapid.
5, the breeding method of a kind of potting Camellia nitidissima of the invention, elite stand management is will in the January of 12 to the next year of current year
The raw Camellia nitidissima elite stand of 15~30a carries out trimming 1 time, downgrades and promotees to sprout, and uses ditching-fertilizing method respectively at 1~March and 6~July,
Every plant of 0.5~1kg of compound fertilizer for applying nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and microelement, while in the melissane of 0.5~1mg/kg of foliage-spray
Alcohol medical fluid provides sufficient nutrient for elite stand growth, and the branch for sprouting out is grown up and healthy and strong, vigorous, the childrenization effect of growth
Good, anvil, fringe healing are fast after the scion grafting of acquisition, high survival rate.
6, the breeding method of a kind of potting Camellia nitidissima of the invention is grafted in 8~November, and scion bud eye is full strong at this time
Strong, high graft survival rate, young sprout is sprouted fastly, and growth is vigorous, and potting molding is fast.
7, the breeding method of a kind of potting Camellia nitidissima of the invention, the direct disconnected anvil used draw skin grafting, are that a step arrives
The engrafting method of position is a kind of convenient, fast and grows fastly, easily at the method for crown type.Effect is better than other methods, grafting survival
Rate may be up to 90% or more.In the engrafting method, scion, the division of stock base portion bast cambial cell are active, and vitality is prosperous
Contain, simultaneously as stock and the contact area of scion are larger, be conducive to accelerate the cambial healing in joint surface and improve grafting at
Motility rate is a kind of engrafting method being worthy to be popularized.
8, the breeding method of a kind of potting Camellia nitidissima of the invention is high using non-woven fabrics Seedling bag and Light media content ratio
Nutrition Soil cultivate potting Camellia nitidissima, non-woven fabrics Seedling bag be it is a kind of easily penetrate, the container for plant growth of not nest root, and Light media water holding
Property, aeration and transmitting nutritional capacity it is strong, meet Modern root system container nursery theory and technological innovation.The potting gold of cultivation
Rapidly, drought resisting, waterlogging-resistant, wind resistance, diseases and insect pests resistance are strong, and it is generous that plant is handsome in appearance for jasmine tea growth, flourishing, crown full
It is full, it can bloom successively within 2~3 years, reach peak period of blooming ahead of time, generate economic benefit ahead of time.
9, the present invention is proved by test for many years, for a variety of excellent rootstock seedling application characteristics that fragrant flower oil tea has,
Under conditions of Camellia nitidissima elite stand resource is extremely limited, cultivate to obtain the big stub of fragrant flower oil tea by ground cultivating method first, then
After the big stub of fragrant flower oil tea cultivated is transplanted to Seedling bag maintenance management, carry out the training of Camellia nitidissima and fragrant flower oil tea big stock grafting
Educate method, a large amount of potting Camellia nitidissimas can be quickly obtained, for promote potting Camellia nitidissima industrialized development lay the foundation, have compared with
Good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained in the light of specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
Select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage it is good, convenient for management plot as fragrant flower camellia seedling garden.It will
Garden it is smooth and after having divided seedbed and pavement, then by the Seedling bag equipped with Nutrition Soil II neatly by being tightly placed on seedbed,
The specification of container bag is 12cm × 8cm.The Nutrition Soil II is formulated by mass percentage by following raw material: 30% it is dry
Net yellow soil, 35% decomposed coco bran, 30% peat soil and 5% calcium superphosphate.The sufficiently mature perfume (or spice) of harvesting in by the end of September, 2009 in
Caul-fat tea fruit ventilating and cooling place disposed within is dried, and takes out tea seed to tea fruit season crack, with clear water 2~3d of seed soaking, is removed floating
In the light grain seed and small-sized seed of the water surface, big, full, without mildew and insect pest the fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera of grain is chosen.It will choose seeds
5~6min of disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate that the seed volumetric concentration arrived is 0.1%.It is in for the year by the end of October to early November, fishing
Seed after playing irrigation and disinfection with clean river sand sand storage vernalization, and pays attention to keeping river sand wet, and humidity is agglomerating to be grasped with hand,
Loosing one's grip to scatter is advisable.In January, 2010 to 2 months, after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally to radicle and grows, point after fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera vernalization
It is multicast in ready Seedling bag.After planting to the regular water drenching moisturizing in seedbed, start to apply fertilizer when anvil nursery stock grows 2~3 leaves,
Monthly apply 2 compound fertilizer's aqueous based on nitrogenous.While preventing and treating disease pest, the phosphorus that volumetric concentration is 0.1~0.3% is added
Acid dihydride potassium carries out foliage spray, obtains fragrant flower oil tea container seedling.
Select illumination is sufficient, soil is fertile, irrigation and drainage are convenient, convenient for management plot as stock stub cultivation garden.?
By what is cultivated through container nursery, highly reach 30cm or more, the thick 0.3cm or more of base diameter, no disease and pests harm fragrant flower oil within 2 months 2011
The plant of tea container seedling is that length is not less than 40cm, seeding row spacing to bank, field planting bank specification is colonized to ready garden
Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in 80cm × 100cm, every bank backfill surface soil.Nurturing period is in annual 5
It plants fragrant flower oil tea over the ground respectively in~June and 11~December and carries out 1 trimming, the following side shoot of height of seedling 50cm is all wiped out, is only stayed
One obvious trunk, while reinforcing fertilizer and water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the good plot of irrigation and drainage as basin on stock with putting garden；The wide 40cm of pavement,
The wide 1.2m of furrow, furrow are long according to landform, dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot.Excavation fragrant flower oil tea stub before built on ready garden cool canopy with
Standby shade, the high 2.0mm of cool canopy, degree of shading 60%.In in late December, 2012, fragrant flower oil tea stub is excavated；With volumetric concentration 0.3
~% carbendazim solution rinses taking-up after the soaking disinfection 20min of stub root with clear water, then the root of stub is all soaked and is stained with
It takes root slurry, taking-up dries that 3~5min is spare, and the same day or next day complete upper basin slightly.The slurry of taking root is to be with 1.5kg concentration
The IBA hormone aqueous solution of 200mg/L is mixed with the clean fresh yellow soil dilution of 5kg, is in starchiness.When fragrant flower oil tea
Plant 2~3 years, set diameter high 50cm at and reach 2.5cm or more and excavated, when excavation stub naked without mud, retain largely
Lateral root root system, main root stay long 20~25cm, and cutting strunk stays the high 60~80cm of stake, do not stay or only stay the fragmentary blade of only a few substantially.It will
The fragrant flower oil tea stub handled well is planted in equipped in the good non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of Nutrition Soil I, suitable size and permeability, is transplanted
After be compacted Nutrition Soil, neatly put in ready furrow face after drenching sufficient root water.The Nutrition Soil I be by following raw material by
Mass percent is formulated: yellow soil 40%, peat soil 30%, coco bran 20%, decomposed dung or decomposed bulging cake fertilizer 7%, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 3%, while every cube of Nutrition Soil is mixed into slow-release fertilizer 3.0kg, stirs evenly.The slow-release fertilizer is the Ai Beishi that is produced from the U.S.
(APEX) long-acting controlled release fertilizer 18-6-12, fertilizer efficiency 6~8 months, containing 17.1% nitrogen, 5.7% phosphorus, 11.4% potassium and on a small quantity micro
Element magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, molybdenum zinc etc..Arch cover plastics moisture film, surrounding are sealed with soil compaction after field planting.It was sprayed every 15~20 days
1 0.2~0.5% carbendazim of volumetric concentration is spilt, the work of water drenching moisturizing, weeding is reinforced；When stub start take out sprouting lamina, remove
Remove plastics moisture film；When spraying the bactericidal agent for preventing and treating disease pest such as carbendazim, while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that volumetric concentration is 0.2% is added
Spray stub.
It carries out managing and protecting cultivation from the excellent Camellia nitidissima elite stand that Camellia nitidissima Proterozoic introduces a fine variety lifes in 10 years back or more in garden.
Then weeds within the scope of cleared tree crown drip to tree root loosen the soil to clean tree disk, pine soil depth is 15~20cm,
Routinely periodically spray medical fluid prevention and treatment Camellia nitidissima common disease and pest.Camellia nitidissima elite stand is subjected to truncation dwarfing with sharp saw,
It stays within high 2m, in combination with trimming, removes the weak branch of sick branch, and apical dominance is removed to each major branch secateurs in favor of promoting to sprout.
Distinguish ditching-fertilizing 1 time in annual 1~March and 6~July, fertilising is that wide deep each 20cm, the left side long 100cm are opened under elite stand tree crown
Right arc ditch, every plant of compound fertilizer 0.5kg for applying nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and microelement, compound fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch, is backfilled
Surface soil is treaded, and is finally drenched to dressing furrow watering, while to elite stand spray plant growth hormone according to a conventional method.Mother after adopting fringe
Tree carries out weeding, loosens the soil, and applies 0.5kg/ plants and 0.5 kg/ plants of calcium magnesium phosphate of decomposed organic fertilizer, and the grafting for next time takes
Fringe is prepared.
It is grafted in August, 2014, scion at this time is full sturdy, high graft survival rate, and young sprout is sprouted fast.From by managing and protecting
That cultivates adopts on fringe Camellia nitidissima elite stand, and acquisition diameter is the common Camellia nitidissima fringe bar work of 0.2~0.4cm semi-lignified or lignifying
For scion.Skin is drawn to graft common Camellia nitidissima using directly disconnected anvil；Every stub grafts 2~3 scion, and each scion is mutual
Interval is uniform.The directly disconnected anvil draws skin grafting, is at fragrant flower oil tea stub trunk 50cm, logical straight few section eye, directly
Disconnected anvil, then cuts 2 knives along stock fractured edge in parallel from top to bottom, and as deep as xylem, with point of a knife gently Tiao Kai skin zone, depth is made
Degree is 1.2~1.5cm, width and the basic suitable or stock slot more slightly larger than scion of scion rugosity size；Scion trimming growth 4~
5cm, lower end are whittled into the horse ear shape of 1.2~1.5cm long, retain two leaves, two bud；The long section of the scion cut is inserted into stock slot,
The forming layer alignment for keeping side, the stock skin zone torn is covered on the reverse side notch of scion, finally with the dedicated modeling of grafting
Material film bandage tightens scion from bottom to top；Pay attention to exposing bud eye when tightening scion, when binding will tense, and prevent scion mobile.
After the completion of grafting, 1 0.2~0.5% carbendazim of volumetric concentration is sprayed to entire stub first and carries out sterilizing,
Then grafting part is entirely entangled using moisturizing bag from top to down, is supported in moisturizing bag with 2 branches, not allowed bag to be encountered and connect
Fringe tightens sack；Finally shaded using brown paper, brown paper is tied up outside moisturizing bag according to the shape of moisturizing bag；Tie up ox
Notice that brown paper has plastic foil one faces outwardly when mulberry paper, has rain-proof effect, and block strong light；Pay attention to wanting east and west simultaneously
To sunlight is covered, forms one " bow " and fill arch, allow it that can be conducive to the photosynthesis of scion with light transmission.After grafting, every 7
~10 days, in the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3%, while spraying 1 volumetric concentration more than 0.2~0.5%
Bacterium spirit, is infected until taking root with preventing disease and pest；In combination with what is extracted out below the grafting part that manually weeds out the rank grass and erase
Stock rudiment bar, to concentrate Nutrients uptake scion to grow.It, will in winter current year or the 2nd year spring after scion young sprout robust growth
Plastics bandage releases.Grafting survive investigation after 40 days, survival rate is up to 93.8%.After grafting survival, when newly slightly grow 23~
26cm when basic lignifying, in conjunction with pinching, bud picking, sparse branching, draws the processes such as branch, trims to Camellia nitidissima by potted landscape ideal form whole
Shape.It is investigated in November, 2015, common Camellia nitidissima hat width is up to 50cm~60cm, and crown height is up to 40cm~50cm.
Embodiment 2:
Select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage it is good, convenient for management plot as fragrant flower camellia seedling garden.It will
Garden it is smooth and after having divided seedbed and pavement, then by the Seedling bag equipped with Nutrition Soil II neatly by being tightly placed on seedbed,
The specification of container bag is 12cm × 8cm.The Nutrition Soil II is formulated by mass percentage by following raw material: 32% it is dry
Net yellow soil, 33% decomposed coco bran, 30% peat soil and 5% calcium superphosphate.The sufficiently mature perfume (or spice) of harvesting in by the end of September, 2009 in
Caul-fat tea fruit ventilating and cooling place disposed within is dried, and takes out tea seed to tea fruit season crack, with clear water 2~3d of seed soaking, is removed floating
In the light grain seed and small-sized seed of the water surface, big, full, without mildew and insect pest the fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera of grain is chosen.It will choose seeds
5~6min of disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate that the seed volumetric concentration arrived is 0.1%.It is in for the year by the end of October to early November, fishing
Seed after playing irrigation and disinfection with clean river sand sand storage vernalization, and pays attention to keeping river sand wet, and humidity is agglomerating to be grasped with hand,
Loosing one's grip to scatter is advisable.In January, 2010 to 2 months, after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally to radicle and grows, point after fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera vernalization
It is multicast in ready Seedling bag.After planting to the regular water drenching moisturizing in seedbed, start to apply fertilizer when anvil nursery stock grows 2~3 leaves,
Monthly apply 2 compound fertilizer's aqueous based on nitrogenous.While preventing and treating disease pest, addition volumetric concentration is 0.1~0.3% blade face
Treasured carries out foliage spray, obtains fragrant flower oil tea container seedling.
Select illumination is sufficient, soil is fertile, irrigation and drainage are convenient, convenient for management plot as stock stub cultivation garden.?
By what is cultivated through container nursery, highly reach 30cm or more, the thick 0.3cm or more of base diameter, no disease and pests harm fragrant flower oil tea within 2011 2
The plant of container seedling is that length is not less than 40cm, seeding row spacing 80cm to bank, field planting bank specification is colonized to ready garden
Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in × 100cm, every bank backfill surface soil.Nurturing period is 5 annual~June
With 11~December respectively over the ground plant fragrant flower oil tea carry out 1 time trimming, the following side shoot of height of seedling 50cm is all wiped out, only stay one obviously
Trunk, while reinforcing fertilizer and water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the good plot of irrigation and drainage as basin on stock with putting garden；The wide 40cm of pavement,
The wide 1.2m of furrow, furrow are long according to landform, dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot.Excavation fragrant flower oil tea stub before built on ready garden cool canopy with
Standby shade, the high 2.0m of cool canopy, degree of shading 65%.In in early January, 2013, fragrant flower oil tea stub is excavated；With volumetric concentration more than 0.3%
Bacterium spirit solution rinses taking-up after the soaking disinfection 20min of stub root with clear water, then the root of stub all is soaked to be stained with and is taken root
Slurry, it is spare that 3~5min is dried in taking-up slightly, and the same day or next day complete upper basin.The slurry of taking root is to be with 1.5kg concentration
The IBA hormone aqueous solution of 300mg/L is mixed with the clean fresh yellow soil dilution of 5kg, is in starchiness.When fragrant flower oil tea
Plant 2~3 years, set diameter high 50cm at and reach 2.5cm or more and excavated, when excavation stub naked without mud, retain largely
Lateral root root system, main root stay long 20~25cm, and cutting strunk stays the high 60~80cm of stake, do not stay or only stay the fragmentary blade of only a few substantially.It will
The fragrant flower oil tea stub handled well is planted in equipped in the good non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of Nutrition Soil I, suitable size and permeability, is transplanted
After be compacted Nutrition Soil, neatly put in ready furrow face after drenching sufficient root water.The Nutrition Soil I be by following raw material by
Mass percent is formulated: yellow soil 45%, peat soil 25%, coco bran 20%, decomposed dung or decomposed bulging cake fertilizer 7%, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 3%, while every cube of Nutrition Soil is mixed into slow-release fertilizer 3.0kg, stirs evenly.The slow-release fertilizer is the Ai Beishi that is produced from the U.S.
(APEX) long-acting controlled release fertilizer 18-6-12, fertilizer efficiency 6~8 months, containing 17.1% nitrogen, 5.7% phosphorus, 11.4% potassium and on a small quantity micro
Element magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, molybdenum zinc etc..Arch cover plastics moisture film, surrounding are sealed with soil compaction after field planting.1 was sprayed every 15 days
Secondary 0.2~0.5% zineb of volumetric concentration reinforces the work of water drenching moisturizing, weeding；When stub starts to take out sprouting lamina, removing modeling
Expect moisture film；When spraying the bactericidal agent for preventing and treating disease pest such as carbendazim, while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that volumetric concentration is 0.3% is added and sprays
Stub.
It carries out managing and protecting cultivation from the excellent Camellia nitidissima elite stand that Camellia nitidissima Proterozoic introduces a fine variety lifes in 10 years back or more in garden.
Then weeds within the scope of cleared tree crown drip to tree root loosen the soil to clean tree disk, pine soil depth is 15~20cm,
Routinely periodically spray medical fluid prevention and treatment Camellia nitidissima common disease and pest.Camellia nitidissima elite stand is subjected to truncation dwarfing with sharp saw,
It stays within high 2m, in combination with trimming, removes the weak branch of sick branch, and apical dominance is removed to each major branch secateurs in favor of promoting to sprout.
Distinguish ditching-fertilizing 1 time annual 2 months and June, fertilising is the arc that wide deep each 20cm, long 100cm or so are opened under elite stand tree crown
Shape ditch, every plant of compound fertilizer 0.5kg for applying nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and microelement, compound fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch, and backfill surface soil is stepped on
It is real, it finally drenches to dressing furrow watering, while to elite stand spray plant growth hormone according to a conventional method.Elite stand after adopting fringe carries out
Weeding is loosened the soil, and applies 0.5kg/ plants and 0.5 kg/ plants of calcium magnesium phosphate of decomposed organic fertilizer, and the grafting for next time takes fringe valid
It is standby.
It is grafted in September, 2014, scion at this time is full sturdy, high graft survival rate, and young sprout is sprouted fast.From by managing and protecting
That cultivates adopts on fringe Camellia nitidissima elite stand, and acquisition diameter is the Camellia euphlebia fringe bar work of 0.2~0.4cm semi-lignified or lignifying
For scion.Skin is drawn to graft Camellia euphlebia using directly disconnected anvil；Every stub grafts 2~3 scion, and each scion is mutual
Interval is uniform.The directly disconnected anvil draws skin grafting, is at fragrant flower oil tea stub trunk 60cm, logical straight few section eye, directly
Disconnected anvil, then cuts 2 knives along stock fractured edge in parallel from top to bottom, and as deep as xylem, with point of a knife gently Tiao Kai skin zone, depth is made
Degree is 1.2~1.5cm, width and the basic suitable or stock slot more slightly larger than scion of scion rugosity size；Scion trimming growth 4~
5cm, lower end are whittled into the horse ear shape of 1.2~1.5cm long, retain two leaves, two bud；The long section of the scion cut is inserted into stock slot,
The forming layer alignment for keeping side, the stock skin zone torn is covered on the reverse side notch of scion, finally with the dedicated modeling of grafting
Material film bandage tightens scion from bottom to top；Pay attention to exposing bud eye when tightening scion, when binding will tense, and prevent scion mobile.
After the completion of grafting, 1 volumetric concentration volumetric concentration, more than 0.2~0.5% zineb is sprayed to entire stub first and is carried out
Then sterilizing entirely entangles grafting part using moisturizing bag from top to down, is supported in moisturizing bag with 2 branches, should not
It allows bag to encounter scion, tightens sack；Finally shaded using brown paper, brown paper is tied up outside moisturizing bag according to the shape of moisturizing bag
?；Notice that brown paper has plastic foil one faces outwardly when tying up brown paper, has rain-proof effect, and block strong light；Pay attention to simultaneously
It wants east and west to sunlight is covered, forms one " bow " and fill arch, allow it that can be conducive to the photosynthesis of scion with light transmission.Grafting
Afterwards, every 7~10 days, in the Ye Mian Bao of foliage-spray volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3%, while spray 1 volumetric concentration 0.2~
0.5% zineb, is infected until taking root with preventing disease and pest；Below the grafting part that manually weeds out the rank grass and erase
The stock rudiment bar of extraction, to concentrate Nutrients uptake scion to grow.After scion young sprout robust growth, in winter current year or the 2nd
Spring in year releases plastics bandage.Grafting survive investigation after 40 days, survival rate is up to 94.6%.After grafting survival, slightly grown when newly
23~26cm when basic lignifying, in conjunction with pinching, bud picking, sparse branching, draws the processes such as branch, repairs to Camellia nitidissima by potted landscape ideal form
Cut shaping.It is investigated in November, 2015, Camellia euphlebia hat width is up to 50cm~60cm, and crown height is up to 40cm~50cm.
Embodiment 3:
Select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage it is good, convenient for management plot as fragrant flower camellia seedling garden.It will
Garden it is smooth and after having divided seedbed and pavement, then by the Seedling bag equipped with Nutrition Soil II neatly by being tightly placed on seedbed,
The specification of container bag is 12cm × 8cm.The Nutrition Soil II is formulated by mass percentage by following raw material: 33% it is dry
Net yellow soil, 32% decomposed coco bran, 30% peat soil and 5% calcium superphosphate.In the perfume (or spice) that harvesting at the beginning of 10 months 2009 is sufficiently mature
Caul-fat tea fruit ventilating and cooling place disposed within is dried, and takes out tea seed to tea fruit season crack, with clear water 2~3d of seed soaking, is removed floating
In the light grain seed and small-sized seed of the water surface, big, full, without mildew and insect pest the fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera of grain is chosen.It will choose seeds
5~6min of disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate that the seed volumetric concentration arrived is 0.1%.It is in for the year by the end of October to early November, fishing
Seed after playing irrigation and disinfection with clean river sand sand storage vernalization, and pays attention to keeping river sand wet, and humidity is agglomerating to be grasped with hand,
Loosing one's grip to scatter is advisable.In January, 2010 to 2 months, after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally to radicle and grows, point after fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera vernalization
It is multicast in ready Seedling bag.After planting to the regular water drenching moisturizing in seedbed, start to apply fertilizer when anvil nursery stock grows 2~3 leaves,
Monthly apply 2 compound fertilizer's aqueous based on nitrogenous.While preventing and treating disease pest, it is 0.1~0.3% big fertilizer that volumetric concentration, which is added,
Wang aqueous solution carries out foliage spray, obtains fragrant flower oil tea container seedling.
Select illumination is sufficient, soil is fertile, irrigation and drainage are convenient, convenient for management plot as stock stub cultivation garden.?
In March, 2011 by what is cultivated through container nursery, highly reaches 30cm or more, the thick 0.3cm or more of base diameter, no disease and pests harm fragrant flower oil
The plant of tea container seedling is that length is not less than 40cm, seeding row spacing to bank, field planting bank specification is colonized to ready garden
Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in 80cm × 100cm, every bank backfill surface soil.Nurturing period is in annual 5
It plants fragrant flower oil tea over the ground respectively in~June and 11~December and carries out 1 trimming, the following side shoot of height of seedling 50cm is all wiped out, is only stayed
One obvious trunk, while reinforcing fertilizer and water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the good plot of irrigation and drainage as basin on stock with putting garden；The wide 40cm of pavement,
The wide 1.2m of furrow, furrow are long according to landform, dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot.Excavation fragrant flower oil tea stub before built on ready garden cool canopy with
Standby shade, the high 2.5m of cool canopy, degree of shading 70%.In in early Febuary, 2013, fragrant flower oil tea stub is excavated；With volumetric concentration more than 0.5%
Bacterium spirit solution rinses taking-up after the soaking disinfection 10min of stub root with clear water, then the root of stub all is soaked to be stained with and is taken root
Slurry, it is spare that 3~5min is dried in taking-up slightly, and the same day or next day complete upper basin.The slurry of taking root is to be with 1.5kg concentration
The IBA hormone aqueous solution of 400mg/L is mixed with the clean fresh yellow soil dilution of 5kg, is in starchiness.When fragrant flower oil tea
Plant 2~3 years, set diameter high 50cm at and reach 2.5cm or more and excavated, when excavation stub naked without mud, retain largely
Lateral root root system, main root stay long 25~30cm, and cutting strunk stays the high 80~100cm of stake, do not stay or only stay the fragmentary blade of only a few substantially.It will
The fragrant flower oil tea stub handled well is planted in equipped in the good non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of Nutrition Soil I, suitable size and permeability, is transplanted
After be compacted Nutrition Soil, neatly put in ready furrow face after drenching sufficient root water.The Nutrition Soil I be by following raw material by
Mass percent is formulated: yellow soil 45%, peat soil 25%, coco bran 20%, decomposed dung or decomposed bulging cake fertilizer 7%, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 3%, while every cube of Nutrition Soil is mixed into slow-release fertilizer 3.0kg, stirs evenly.The slow-release fertilizer is the Ai Beishi that is produced from the U.S.
(APEX) long-acting controlled release fertilizer 18-6-12, fertilizer efficiency 6~8 months, containing 17.1% nitrogen, 5.7% phosphorus, 11.4% potassium and on a small quantity micro
Element magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, molybdenum zinc etc..Arch cover plastics moisture film, surrounding are sealed with soil compaction after field planting.It was sprayed every 15~20 days
1 0.2~0.5% thiophanate methyl of volumetric concentration is spilt, the work of water drenching moisturizing, weeding is reinforced；When stub starts to take out sprouting exhibition
Leaf removes plastics moisture film；When spraying the bactericidal agent for preventing and treating disease pest such as carbendazim, while it is that volumetric concentration is that volumetric concentration, which is added,
0.2% Ye Mian Bao sprays stub.
It carries out managing and protecting cultivation from the excellent Camellia nitidissima elite stand that Camellia nitidissima Proterozoic introduces a fine variety lifes in 10 years back or more in garden.
Then weeds within the scope of cleared tree crown drip to tree root loosen the soil to clean tree disk, pine soil depth is 15~20cm,
Routinely periodically spray medical fluid prevention and treatment Camellia nitidissima common disease and pest.Camellia nitidissima elite stand is subjected to truncation dwarfing with sharp saw,
It stays within high 2m, in combination with trimming, removes the weak branch of sick branch, and apical dominance is removed to each major branch secateurs in favor of promoting to sprout.
Distinguish ditching-fertilizing 1 time in annual 1~March and 6~July, fertilising is that wide deep each 20cm, the left side long 100cm are opened under elite stand tree crown
Right arc ditch, every plant of compound fertilizer 1kg for applying nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and microelement, compound fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch, table is backfilled
Soil is treaded, and is finally drenched to dressing furrow watering, while to elite stand spray plant growth hormone according to a conventional method.Elite stand after adopting fringe
It carries out weeding, loosen the soil, and apply 0.5kg/ plants and 0.5 kg/ plants of calcium magnesium phosphate of decomposed organic fertilizer, the grafting for next time takes fringe
It prepares.
It is grafted in October, 2014, scion at this time is full sturdy, high graft survival rate, and young sprout is sprouted fast.From by managing
What shield was cultivated adopts on fringe Camellia nitidissima elite stand, and acquisition diameter is the Fusui Middle East Camellia nitidissima of 0.2~0.4cm semi-lignified or lignifying
Fringe bar is as scion.Skin is drawn to graft Fusui Middle East Camellia nitidissima using directly disconnected anvil；Every stub grafts 2~3 scion, each scion
It spaces between uniformly.The directly disconnected anvil draws skin grafting, is in fragrant flower oil tea stub trunk 70cm, logical straight few section
At eye, then directly disconnected anvil cuts 2 knives along stock fractured edge in parallel from top to bottom, as deep as xylem, gently chooses out skin with point of a knife
Portion, it is 1.2~1.5cm, width and the basic suitable or stock slot more slightly larger than scion of scion rugosity size that depth, which is made,；Scion is repaired
It is cut into long 4~5cm, lower end is whittled into the horse ear shape of 1.2~1.5cm long, retains two leaves, two bud；By the long section insertion of the scion cut
In stock slot, the forming layer of side is kept to be aligned, the stock skin zone torn is covered on the reverse side notch of scion, finally with transferring
It connects special plastic film bandage and tightens scion from bottom to top；Pay attention to exposing bud eye when tightening scion, when binding will tense, and prevent from connecing
Fringe is mobile.
After the completion of grafting, 1 more than 0.2~0.5% thiophanate methyl of volumetric concentration volumetric concentration is sprayed to entire stub first
Sterilizing is carried out, then grafting part is entirely entangled using moisturizing bag from top to down, is supported in moisturizing bag with 2 branches,
It not allow bag to encounter scion, tighten sack；Finally shaded using brown paper, brown paper is tied up according to the shape of moisturizing bag in moisturizing bag
Outside；Notice that brown paper has plastic foil one faces outwardly when tying up brown paper, has rain-proof effect, and block strong light；Simultaneously
Pay attention to wanting east and west to sunlight is covered, forms one " bow " and fill arch, allow it that can be conducive to the photosynthesis of scion with light transmission.
After grafting, every 7~10 days, in the big fertile wang aqueous solution of foliage-spray volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3%, while 1 volume is sprayed
0.2~0.5% thiophanate methyl of concentration, is infected until taking root with preventing disease and pest；In combination with manually weeding out the rank grass and erase
The stock rudiment bar extracted out below grafting part, to concentrate Nutrients uptake scion to grow.After scion young sprout robust growth, in working as
Winter in year or the 2nd year spring release plastics bandage.Grafting survive investigation after 40 days, survival rate is up to 90.5%.Grafting survival
Afterwards, when newly slightly growing 23~26cm, when basic lignifying, in conjunction with pinching, bud picking, sparse branching, the processes such as branch are drawn, basin is pressed to Camellia nitidissima
Scape ideal form trimming and finishing.It is investigated in November, 2015, for Fusui Middle East Camellia nitidissima hat width up to 50cm~60cm, crown height is reachable
40cm~50cm.
Embodiment 4:
Select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage it is good, convenient for management plot as fragrant flower camellia seedling garden.It will
Garden it is smooth and after having divided seedbed and pavement, then by the Seedling bag equipped with Nutrition Soil II neatly by being tightly placed on seedbed,
The specification of container bag is 12cm × 8cm.The Nutrition Soil II is formulated by mass percentage by following raw material: 35% it is dry
Net yellow soil, 30% decomposed coco bran, 30% peat soil and 5% calcium superphosphate.In the perfume (or spice) that harvesting at the beginning of 10 months 2009 is sufficiently mature
Caul-fat tea fruit ventilating and cooling place disposed within is dried, and takes out tea seed to tea fruit season crack, with clear water 2~3d of seed soaking, is removed floating
In the light grain seed and small-sized seed of the water surface, big, full, without mildew and insect pest the fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera of grain is chosen.It will choose seeds
5~6min of disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate that the seed volumetric concentration arrived is 0.1%.It is in for the year by the end of October to early November, fishing
Seed after playing irrigation and disinfection with clean river sand sand storage vernalization, and pays attention to keeping river sand wet, and humidity is agglomerating to be grasped with hand,
Loosing one's grip to scatter is advisable.In January, 2010 to 2 months, after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally to radicle and grows, point after fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera vernalization
It is multicast in ready Seedling bag.After planting to the regular water drenching moisturizing in seedbed, start to apply fertilizer when anvil nursery stock grows 2~3 leaves,
Monthly apply 2 compound fertilizer's aqueous based on nitrogenous.While preventing and treating disease pest, it is 0.1~0.3% big fertilizer that volumetric concentration, which is added,
Foliage spray is carried out in wang aqueous solution, obtains fragrant flower oil tea container seedling.
Select illumination is sufficient, soil is fertile, irrigation and drainage are convenient, convenient for management plot as stock stub cultivation garden.?
In March, 2011 by what is cultivated through container nursery, highly reaches 30cm or more, the thick 0.3cm or more of base diameter, no disease and pests harm fragrant flower oil
The plant of tea container seedling is that length is not less than 40cm, seeding row spacing to bank, field planting bank specification is colonized to ready garden
Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in 80cm × 100cm, every bank backfill surface soil.Nurturing period is in annual 5
It plants fragrant flower oil tea over the ground respectively in~June and 11~December and carries out 1 trimming, the following side shoot of height of seedling 50cm is all wiped out, is only stayed
One obvious trunk, while reinforcing fertilizer and water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the good plot of irrigation and drainage as basin on stock with putting garden；The wide 40cm of pavement,
The wide 1.2m of furrow, furrow are long according to landform, dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot.Excavation fragrant flower oil tea stub before built on ready garden cool canopy with
Standby shade, the high 2.5m of cool canopy, degree of shading 70%.In in early March, 2013, fragrant flower oil tea stub is excavated；With volumetric concentration more than 0.5%
Bacterium spirit solution rinses taking-up after the soaking disinfection 10min of stub root with clear water, then the root of stub all is soaked to be stained with and is taken root
Slurry, it is spare that 3~5min is dried in taking-up slightly, and the same day or next day complete upper basin.The slurry of taking root is to be with 1.5kg concentration
The IBA hormone aqueous solution of 500mg/L is mixed with the clean fresh yellow soil dilution of 5kg, is in starchiness.When fragrant flower oil tea
Plant 2~3 years, set diameter high 50cm at and reach 2.5cm or more and excavated, when excavation stub naked without mud, retain largely
Lateral root root system, main root stay long 25~30cm, and cutting strunk stays the high 80~100cm of stake, do not stay or only stay the fragmentary blade of only a few substantially.It will
The fragrant flower oil tea stub handled well is planted in equipped in the good non-woven fabrics Seedling bag of Nutrition Soil I, suitable size and permeability, is transplanted
After be compacted Nutrition Soil, neatly put in ready furrow face after drenching sufficient root water.The Nutrition Soil I be by following raw material by
Mass percent is formulated: yellow soil 50%, peat soil 20%, coco bran 20%, decomposed dung or decomposed bulging cake fertilizer 7%, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 3%, while every cube of Nutrition Soil is mixed into slow-release fertilizer 3.0kg, stirs evenly.The slow-release fertilizer is the Ai Beishi that is produced from the U.S.
(APEX) long-acting controlled release fertilizer 18-6-12, fertilizer efficiency 6~8 months, containing 17.1% nitrogen, 5.7% phosphorus, 11.4% potassium and on a small quantity micro
Element magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, molybdenum zinc etc..Arch cover plastics moisture film, surrounding are sealed with soil compaction after field planting.It was sprayed every 15~20 days
1 0.2~0.5% thiophanate methyl of volumetric concentration is spilt, the work of water drenching moisturizing, weeding is reinforced；When stub starts to take out sprouting exhibition
Leaf removes plastics moisture film；When spraying the bactericidal agent for preventing and treating disease pest such as carbendazim, while the Ye Mian Bao of volumetric concentration 0.3% is added
Spray stub.
It carries out managing and protecting cultivation from the excellent Camellia nitidissima elite stand that Camellia nitidissima Proterozoic introduces a fine variety lifes in 10 years back or more in garden.
Then weeds within the scope of cleared tree crown drip to tree root loosen the soil to clean tree disk, pine soil depth is 15~20cm,
Routinely periodically spray medical fluid prevention and treatment Camellia nitidissima common disease and pest.Camellia nitidissima elite stand is subjected to truncation dwarfing with sharp saw,
It stays within high 2m, in combination with trimming, removes the weak branch of sick branch, and apical dominance is removed to each major branch secateurs in favor of promoting to sprout.
Distinguish ditching-fertilizing 1 time in annual 1~March and 6~July, fertilising is that wide deep each 20cm, the left side long 100cm are opened under elite stand tree crown
Right arc ditch, every plant of compound fertilizer 1kg for applying nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and microelement, compound fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch, table is backfilled
Soil is treaded, and is finally drenched to dressing furrow watering, while to elite stand spray plant growth hormone according to a conventional method.Elite stand after adopting fringe
It carries out weeding, loosen the soil, and apply 0.5kg/ plants and 0.5 kg/ plants of calcium magnesium phosphate of decomposed organic fertilizer, the grafting for next time takes fringe
It prepares.
It is grafted in November, 2014, scion at this time is full sturdy, high graft survival rate, and young sprout is sprouted fast.From by managing
What shield was cultivated adopts on fringe Camellia nitidissima elite stand, and acquisition diameter is the Wuming Camellia nitidissima fringe bar of 0.2~0.4cm semi-lignified or lignifying
As scion.Skin is drawn to graft Wuming Camellia nitidissima using directly disconnected anvil；Every stub grafts 2~3 scion, and each scion is mutual
Interval it is uniform.The directly disconnected anvil draws skin grafting, is at fragrant flower oil tea stub trunk 80cm, logical straight few section eye, directly
Disconnected anvil is connect, then cuts 2 knives in parallel from top to bottom along stock fractured edge, as deep as xylem, with point of a knife gently Tiao Kai skin zone, is made
Depth is 1.2~1.5cm, width and the basic suitable or stock slot more slightly larger than scion of scion rugosity size；Scion trimming growth 4
~5cm, lower end are whittled into the horse ear shape of 1.2~1.5cm long, retain two leaves, two bud；Stock slot is inserted into the long section of the scion cut
It is interior, it keeps the forming layer of side to be aligned, the stock skin zone torn is covered on the reverse side notch of scion, it is finally dedicated with grafting
Plastic film bandage tightens scion from bottom to top；Pay attention to exposing bud eye when tightening scion, when binding will tense, and prevent scion from moving
It is dynamic.
After the completion of grafting, 1 more than 0.2~0.5% thiophanate methyl of volumetric concentration is sprayed to entire stub first and is sterilized
Then disinfection entirely entangles grafting part using moisturizing bag from top to down, is supported in moisturizing bag with 2 branches, not allow bag
Encounter scion, tightens sack；Finally shaded using brown paper, brown paper is tied up outside moisturizing bag i.e. according to the shape of moisturizing bag
It can；Notice that brown paper has plastic foil one faces outwardly when tying up brown paper, has rain-proof effect, and block strong light；Pay attention to wanting simultaneously
East and west forms one " bow " and fills arch, allow it that can be conducive to the photosynthesis of scion with light transmission to sunlight is covered.Grafting
Afterwards, every 7~10 days, in the big fertile wang aqueous solution of foliage-spray volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3%, while 1 volumetric concentration is sprayed
0.2~0.5% thiophanate methyl, is infected until taking root with preventing disease and pest；In combination with the grafting that manually weeds out the rank grass and erase
The stock rudiment bar extracted out below position, to concentrate Nutrients uptake scion to grow.After scion young sprout robust growth, in winter current year
Season or the 2nd year spring release plastics bandage.Grafting survive investigation after 40 days, survival rate is up to 91.3%.After grafting survival, when
It newly slightly grows 23~26cm, when basic lignifying, in conjunction with pinching, bud picking, sparse branching, the processes such as branch is drawn, to Camellia nitidissima by potted landscape reason
Think shape trimming and finishing.Investigated in November, 2015, Wuming Camellia nitidissima hat width up to 50cm~60cm, crown height up to 40cm~
50cm。
Claims (3)
1. a kind of breeding method of potting Camellia nitidissima, including stock stub is cultivated, basin and management on stock stub, propagation by grafiting and
Pruning process, it is characterised in that: by introducing a fine variety the excellent of lifes in 10 years back or more from Camellia nitidissima Proterozoic in the ground of garden
Camellia nitidissima elite stand carries out managing and protecting cultivation, and acquisition fringe bar grafts on the fragrant flower oil tea rootstock seedling cultivated, is quickly obtained a large amount of
Good potting Camellia nitidissima, specific operating procedure are as follows:
(1) stock stub is cultivated:
1. preparing to garden: select illumination is sufficient, soil is fertile, irrigation and drainage are convenient, convenient for management plot as the cultivation of stock stub
Garden；
2. the small transplantation of seedlings of stock: preparation will be transplanted to through the good fragrant flower camellia seedling bag seedling of Seedling bag seedling cultivation in 2~March
It is colonized to good garden bank, the nurturing period plants fragrant flower oil tea 5 annual~June and 11~December over the ground respectively and carries out 1 trimming,
The following side shoot of height of seedling 50cm is all wiped out, only stays one plant of obvious trunk, while reinforcing fertilizer and water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(2) basin and management on stock stub:
1. preparing to garden: select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the good plot of irrigation and drainage as basin on stock with putting garden；Pavement
Wide 40cm, the wide 1.2m of furrow, furrow are long according to landform, dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot；
2. building cool canopy: cool canopy is built on the ground in case shade in ready garden before excavation fragrant flower oil tea stub, cool canopy is high by 2.0~
2.5m, degree of shading 60~70%；
3. stub excavation and processing: in the early March of late December to next year, excavating fragrant flower oil tea stub；With volumetric concentration 0.3
~0.5% carbendazim solution rinses taking-up after the 10~20min of soaking disinfection of stub root with clear water, then the root of stub is complete
Portion's dipping is stained with slurry of taking root, and taking-up dries that 3~5min is spare, and the same day or next day complete to go up basin slightly；The slurry of taking root is to use
The IBA hormone aqueous solution that 1.5kg concentration is 200~500mg/L is mixed with the clean fresh yellow soil dilution of 5kg, in slurry
Paste；
4. basin on stub: the fragrant flower oil tea stub handled well is planted in the nothing good equipped with Nutrition Soil I, suitable size and permeability
In woven fabric Seedling bag, it is compacted Nutrition Soil after plant, is neatly put in ready furrow face after drenching sufficient root water；
5. stub management: building arch cover plastics moisture film after field planting, surrounding is sealed with soil compaction；1 was sprayed every 15~20 days
Secondary 0.2~0.5% carbendazim of volumetric concentration or 0.2~0.5% zineb of volumetric concentration, 0.2~0.5% methyl Tobe of volumetric concentration
Saliva reinforces the work of water drenching moisturizing, weeding；When stub starts to take out sprouting lamina, removing plastics moisture film；Spray carbendazim prevention and treatment
When disease pest, while the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that volumetric concentration is 0.2~0.3% or the Ye Mian Bao that volumetric concentration is 0.2~0.3% is added
Spray stub；
(3) propagation by grafiting:
1. grafting time: being grafted 8~November, scion at this time is full sturdy, high graft survival rate, and young sprout is sprouted fast；
2. acquiring fringe bar: carrying out pipe from the excellent Camellia nitidissima elite stand that Camellia nitidissima Proterozoic introduces a fine variety lifes in 10 years back or more in garden
Shield is cultivated, and from by managing and protecting the adopting on fringe Camellia nitidissima elite stand of cultivation, acquisition diameter is 0.2~0.4cm semi-lignified or lignifying
Camellia nitidissima fringe bar as scion；
3. engrafting method: drawing skin grafting using directly disconnected anvil；Every stub grafts 2~3 scion, and each scion is mutual
Interval is uniform；
4. disinfection, moisturizing and shade: after the completion of grafting, spraying 1 more than 0.2~0.5% bacterium of volumetric concentration to entire stub first
One of spirit, 0.2~0.5% zineb of volumetric concentration, 0.2~0.5% thiophanate methyl of volumetric concentration carry out sterilizing, so
Afterwards grafting part is entirely entangled using moisturizing bag from top to down, is supported in moisturizing bag with 2 branches, moisturizing bag not allowed to be encountered
Scion tightens sack；Finally shaded using brown paper, brown paper is tied up outside moisturizing bag according to the shape of moisturizing bag；It ties up
Notice that brown paper has plastic foil one faces outwardly when pricking brown paper, has rain-proof effect, and block strong light；Simultaneously pay attention to want east,
West forms one " bow " and fills arch, allow it that can be conducive to the photosynthesis of scion with light transmission to sunlight is covered；
5. managing after grafting: mainly carry out rudiment wipe out, fertilizer and water management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；After scion young sprout robust growth,
Plastics bandage is released in winter current year or the 2nd year spring；
(4) pruning:
After grafting survival, when newly slightly growing 23~26cm, when basic lignifying, in conjunction with pinching, bud picking, sparse branching, branch process is drawn, it is right
Camellia nitidissima presses potted landscape ideal form trimming and finishing；
The breeding method of fragrant flower camellia seedling bag seedling described in step (1) is as follows:
(1) prepare to garden: select topography it is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage it is good, convenient for management plot as fragrant flower camellia seedling
Garden；
(2) seedbed preparation and Seedling bag are put: it is by garden smooth and after having divided seedbed and pavement, then will be equipped with Nutrition Soil II
For Seedling bag neatly by being tightly placed on seedbed, the specification of Seedling bag is 12cm × 8cm；
(3) seed treatment: sowing before chosen seeds to the fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera for educating anvil, sterilize and vernalization processing；
(4) anvil is educated in sowing: the January after fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera vernalization in next year showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally to radicle to seed and grows to 2 month
Afterwards, point is multicast in ready Seedling bag；
(5) rootstock seedling management: after planting to the regular water drenching moisturizing in seedbed, start to apply fertilizer when rootstock seedling grows 2~3 leaves, often
The moon applies 2 compound fertilizer's aqueous based on nitrogenous；While preventing and treating disease pest, the phosphoric acid that volumetric concentration is 0.1~0.3% is added
Potassium dihydrogen, volumetric concentration are 0.1~0.3% Ye Mian Bao, volumetric concentration is that one of 0.1~0.3% big fertile wang aqueous solution carries out
Foliage spray obtains fragrant flower camellia seedling bag seedling；
The Nutrition Soil II is formulated by mass percentage by following raw material: 30~35% clean yellow soil, 30~35%
Decomposed coco bran, 30% peat soil and 5% calcium superphosphate；
The scion-seed tree to manage and protect method as follows:
1. elite stand fosters: then the weeds within the scope of cleared tree crown drip to tree root loosen the soil to clean tree disk, loosen the soil
Depth is 15~20cm, routinely periodically sprays medical fluid prevention and treatment Camellia nitidissima common disease and pest；
2. truncation rush is sprouted: Camellia nitidissima elite stand is subjected to truncation dwarfing with sharp saw, is stayed within high 2m, in combination with trimming,
The weak branch of sick branch is removed, and apical dominance is removed to each major branch secateurs in favor of promoting to sprout；
3. elite stand manages: distinguish ditching-fertilizing 1 time in 1~March and 6~July, fertilising be opened under elite stand tree crown it is wide deep each
The arc ditch of 20cm, long 100cm, every plant of compound fertilizer 0.5~1kg for applying nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and microelement are uniform by compound fertilizer
It applies in ditch, backfill surface soil is treaded, and is finally drenched to dressing furrow watering, while spray plant growth swashs according to a conventional method to elite stand
Element；Elite stand after adopting fringe carries out weeding, loosens the soil, and applies 0.5kg/ plants and 0.5 kg/ plants of calcium magnesium phosphate of decomposed organic fertilizer, is
The grafting of next time takes fringe to prepare；
The small transplantation of seedlings of stock described in step (1) is to reach 30cm or more, the thick 0.3cm or more of base diameter, no disease and pests harm using height
Fragrant flower camellia seedling bag seedling is transplanted into ready field planting bank, and field planting bank specification is that length is not less than 40cm, plant
Away from 80cm × 100cm, decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in every bank backfill surface soil；
The method of the excavation of stub described in step (2) is to plant when fragrant flower oil tea 2~3 years, sets diameter at high 50cm and reaches
2.5cm or more is excavated, and stub naked retains most of lateral root root system without mud when excavation, and main root stays long 20~30cm, cuts
It is dry to stay the high 60~100cm of stake, do not stay or only stay a small number of fragmentary blades；
Nutrition Soil I described in step (2) is formulated by mass percentage by following raw material: yellow soil 40~50%, peat
Soil 20~30%, coco bran 20%, decomposed dung or decomposed bran cake fertilizer 7%, calcium superphosphate 3%, while every cube of Nutrition Soil is mixed into sustained release
Fertile 3.0kg, stirs evenly；The slow-release fertilizer is Ai Beishi (APEX) long-acting controlled release fertilizer 18-6-12 that is produced from the U.S., fertilizer efficiency 6~8
A month, containing 17.1% nitrogen, 5.7% phosphorus, 11.4% potassium and a small amount of trace element magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc；
Directly disconnected anvil described in step (3) draws skin grafting, is in 50~80cm of fragrant flower oil tea stub trunk, logical straight few section eye
Place, directly disconnected anvil, then cuts 2 knives along stock fractured edge in parallel from top to bottom, as deep as xylem, gently chooses out skin with point of a knife
Portion, it is 1.2~1.5cm, width and scion rugosity sizableness or the stock slot more slightly larger than scion that depth, which is made,；Scion is trimmed to
Long 4~5cm, lower end are whittled into the horse ear shape of 1.2~1.5cm long, retain two leaves, two bud；Stock is inserted into the long section of the scion cut
In slot, the forming layer of side is kept to be aligned, the stock skin zone torn is covered on the reverse side notch of scion, it is finally special with grafting
Scion is tightened from bottom to top with plastic film bandage；Pay attention to exposing bud eye when tightening scion, when binding will tense, and prevent scion from moving
It is dynamic.
2. a kind of breeding method of potting Camellia nitidissima according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (3) seed treatment
The seed selection is dried in the air by the end of September to the sufficiently mature fragrant flower camellia oleifera fruit ventilating and cooling place disposed within of harvesting at the beginning of 10 months for the year
It is dry, tea seed is taken out to tea fruit season crack, with clear water 2~3d of seed soaking, removes the light particle seed bubbled through the water column and little particle kind
Son chooses big, full, without mildew and insect pest the fragrant flower Seed of Camellia oleifera of particle；The disinfection is the obtained seed use that will choose seeds
5~6min of disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate that volumetric concentration is 0.1%；The vernalization is in for the year by the end of October to early November, fishing
Seed after playing irrigation and disinfection with clean river sand sand storage vernalization, and pays attention to keeping river sand wet, and humidity is agglomerating to be grasped with hand,
Loosing one's grip to scatter is advisable.
3. a kind of breeding method of potting Camellia nitidissima according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: grafted described in step (3)
Management is potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 7~10 days, in foliage-spray volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3%, volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3% afterwards
Ye Mian Bao, one of the big fertile wang aqueous solution of volumetric concentration 0.2~0.3%, while spraying 1 volumetric concentration 0.2~0.5%
0.2~0.5% thiophanate methyl of carbendazim or 0.2~0.5% zineb of volumetric concentration or volumetric concentration is straight with preventing disease and pest infringement
Until taking root；In combination with the stock rudiment bar extracted out below the grafting part that manually weeds out the rank grass and erase, to concentrate nutrient
Promote scion growth.
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| CN100512624C (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2009-07-15 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for culturing golden camellia tree stool potted-landscape |
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| CN102210236B (en) * | 2010-04-03 | 2013-11-13 | 常德市林业科学研究所 | Method for establishing oil-tea camellia cutting orchard by virtue of low-position stem pruning, sprouting and cut grafting |
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| CN104705073A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-17 | 桂林兴安县湘桂茶花产业有限责任公司 | Ornamental camellia grafting cultivation method |
| CN103718835A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 广西南宁碧湾园林工程有限公司 | Cultivation method for increasing survival rate of camellias |
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