CN109429852A - A kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents

A kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109429852A
CN109429852A CN201811169316.8A CN201811169316A CN109429852A CN 109429852 A CN109429852 A CN 109429852A CN 201811169316 A CN201811169316 A CN 201811169316A CN 109429852 A CN109429852 A CN 109429852A
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cuttings
cuttage
tea tree
seedling
nursery
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陈庆秀
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
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  • Botany (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings, belong to botanical seedling culturing breeding field, by clip cuttings after female fringe nutrient laden, the inhibitor containing glycerine and methyl lactate has been applied in seedling medium using the mixture of red soil, garden mould, mushroom residue, turf and perlite as seedling medium, before cuttage；Using humidity, temperature and the light transmittance of greenhouse regulation cuttings seedling after cuttage, greenhouse is removed after cuttage rooting growth, gradually hardening can transplant.It has the beneficial effect that this method simple process, by applying inhibitor in matrix, the character and correlated expression of tea tree cuttings can be regulated and controled in gene level, enhances rootability, greatly improves the rooting rate and cuttage survival rate of cuttings.

Description

A kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings
Technical field
The invention belongs to botanical seedling culturing breeding fields, and in particular to a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings.
Background technique
Tea tree, original name: tea, Latin literary fame: Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Ktze., Theaceae, Camellia shrub Or dungarunga, spray are hairless.Leaf keratin, oblong or ellipse.The leaf of tea tree can tea making (being different from tea oil tree), seed can With oil expression, tea tree material is fine and closely woven, and wood can be used for carving.Distribution is concentrated mainly between 16 degree to 30 degree of north latitude of south latitude, tea tree Like warm and moist weather, bud starts to sprout at 10 DEG C of temperature on average or more, and growth optimum temperature is 20~25 DEG C；Annual precipitation It will be at 1000 millimeters or more；Light-loving and shade-tolerating, suitable for being given birth under diffused light；All one's life is divided into Seedling Stage, brephic, manhood and declines The old phase.The age of tree was up to 100 or two hundred years, but economic age is generally 40~50 years.Southwestern China portion is the centre of origin of tea tree, generation There are 60 countries to introduce a fine variety tea tree in boundary.Also there is arbor type tea tree to be up to 15~30 meters in torrid areas, base portion tree enclose 1.5 meters with On, the age of tree is up to centuries to more than one thousand years.
Tea tree is perennial industrial crops, and propagation method is divided into sexual propagation and two kinds of vegetative propagation.Wherein, sexual numerous Growing is to breed tea tree seed sowing, its advantage is that accommodative ability of environment is strong, seedling is at low cost, but the disadvantage is that is planted Economic characters mix between strain, and growth differences are big, and breeding time is inconsistent, inconvenience management, the low tea tree product of especially some setting percentages Kind is difficult to use seminal propagation.Since vegetative propagation is able to maintain the feature of breeding, characters of progenies consistency is high, is conducive to tea place Management, pays close attention to by people in recent years, but asexual reproduction method traditional at present is in the rooting efficiency of tea tree and survival rate side Face is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings, this method simple processes, by applying in matrix Inhibitor can regulate and control the character and correlated expression of tea tree cuttings in gene level, enhance rootability, greatly improve cuttings Rooting rate and cuttage survival rate.
The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:
A kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings, comprising: female fringe nutrient laden, preparation cuttings, prepare matrix, nursery bed management, cuttage, insert after Management, specifically includes the following steps:
Female fringe nutrient laden: the tea tree breed in female fringe tea place is excellent kind of nursery stock of clone, is cut off apart from fluffy 30~35cm of face End part, 30~45d applies 1000~1200Kg of barnyard manure, 100~150Kg of compound fertilizer per acre before clip cuttings, while applying 25 ~30Kg potash fertilizer and 40~50Kg calcareous fertilisers, 10~15d before taking fringe, topping adopt two leaves and a bud, promote fringe bar lignifying；Cut off mother Strain upper part has the function of stimulating resting bud and promotes young sprout vigorous growth, then can make newborn young sprout fertilizer tender, thick after top dressing It is strong, increase breeding coefficient；
It prepares cuttings: choosing branch clip cuttings of the length in 25cm or more, stem thickness degree in 3mm or more, cutting length 4 ~8cm, with the blade that at least one full axillary bud and 2~3 maturations are sound, lower port is cut into 45~60 degree of inclination angles, inserts Fringe lower end edge cutting length direction rows dry out 3~4 wounds, is drenched after cuttings is bundled with water, as 1~4 DEG C of temperature, 85~ Preservation under 95% humidity environment；Maturation perfects soluble sugar in blade and chlorophyll content is higher, with mature functional leaf Cuttings cuttage rooting rate and survival rate it is relatively high, cuttings lower part scratch wound be conducive to stimulation callus formed, have Help take root；
It prepares matrix: red soil, garden mould, mushroom residue, turf and perlite being cleared up into after impurity the 5~7d that is exposed to the sun respectively, pressed It is uniformly mixed according to 3~4:5 of weight ratio~6:3~4:2~3:1, it is 40~45% that sterile water management water content, which is added, is then applied Inhibitor containing glycerine and methyl lactate is uniformly mixed and stands to obtain seedling medium；Contain in red soil, garden mould and mushroom residue There are the nutriments such as humus abundant, organic matter, middle micro material, can satisfy the nutritional need of tea tree growth of seedling, grass Charcoal and perlite can preferably adjust granularity, porosity and the gas porosity of matrix, enhance water conservation, the moisture holding capacity of matrix, improve Rooting percent and seedling percent；After the absorption of tea tree cuttings, the glycerine in inhibitor can promote to insert with methyl lactate Generation of the fringe to tea tree MYB-type transcription factor PtrMYB106, the transcription factor can be with members cis- in gene promoter area Part specific binding, inhibits the transcription of abscisic acid (ABA) gene, to inhibit the secretion and content of abscisic acid in cuttings body, prevents The only withered necrosis of cuttings, and the content of heteroauxin (IAA) remains unchanged even slightly raising, the ratio of IAA/ABA in cuttings body Value is sharply increased, due to the rootability of tea tree cuttings and the ratio correlation of IAA/ABA, inhibitor The rooting rate for helping to improve cuttings is applied, the root long degree and root thickness degree of newborn root system, newborn well developed root system, root activity are improved It is excellent, to greatly improve cuttage survival rate and transplanting survival rate；
Nursery bed management: it chooses the arable land that topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, sunshine is sufficient, the gas permeability of soil is good, has a good transport service and sets Nursery to be set, nursery is made into wide 1.2~1.5m, 20~30cm is deep-cut in nursery, seedling medium is inserted, furrow width 30 between nursery~ 50cm, nursery applies 300~400Kg well-rotted farmyard manure, and spraying disinfection per acre；On nursery be laid with pH be 4.8~5.2 it is new Fresh soil, soil is with a thickness of 4~5cm, by soil compaction to 3cm or so up to nursery；Greenhouse is built above nursery；In topography Flat, irrigation and drainage are conveniently, sunshine is sufficient, the gas permeability of soil is good, the place of having a good transport service setting nursery is convenient for managing, in nursery soil presentation Tight lower pine, facilitating cuttings takes root, and can be realized using the interior environment that greenhouse constructs a relative closure as nursery to cuttings seedling Temperature, humidity, the precision control of illumination and scientific management improve cuttage survival rate and breeding efficiency；
Cuttage: sprinkling profoundly water the seedling medium in nursery before cuttage, is separated by 15~20cm and is smash with the wooden stick of 1~2cm diameter Hole removes cuttings lower end blade, cuttings lower end is toasted on fire, cuttings lower end apart from open fire 15cm or more, baking 15~ 30s, it is scorching hot with finger allodynia, 15~20s is then impregnated into as rooting agent solution in cuttings lower half rapidly, is taken out static Then cuttings lower half insertion specific surface area is 900~1000m by 3~5s2In the active carbon of/g, takes out cuttings and be put into vertically It is sealed after 1/3~1/2 in hole with seedling medium, is sprinkled profoundly water after cuttage and stromal surface not ponding, arrangement prevent blade to be stained with Even matrix and cuttings tilt；If cuttage, coarse seedling medium can scratch tender cuttings epidermis, lead to cuttings sense Dye, corruption or even death, and with wooden stick, hole pounding then can avoid such happen on seedling medium before cuttage；After fire baking It impregnates rooting agent solution and then carries out cuttage, one side high temperature can play the microorganism for killing cuttings surface, play sterilization suppression The effect of bacterium reduces infection of the microorganism to cuttings, on the other hand, after fire baking, cuttings surface pores diastole, cuttings surface layer And the layer of wood expanded by heating in wound, in cell liquid exchange frequency accelerate, facilitate activating cell, be cell into one Step differentiation is prepared, and after impregnating in rooting agent solution, the active constituent of rooting agent solution is more to enter inside cuttings, root-growing agent Containing the active constituent of hestening rooting in solution, cuttings calli induction can speed up, accelerate to take root；Cuttings is in root-growing agent After impregnating in solution, active carbon is very easy to may adhere to the notch, wound and surface of cuttings, can not only prevent unpolished rice Scuffing of the cutting medium to cuttings, super more gaps of active carbon and extra specific surface area help to adsorb in seedling medium Moisture and nutrient are to further increase rooting percent and survival rate used in cuttings, improve cuttage success rate；
Manage after inserting: it is 85~95% that relative humidity is controlled after the completion of cuttage, and day temperature is 23~28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature It is 18~24 DEG C, accomplishes to prevent and treat pest and disease damage in time without weeds and dry branches and fallen leaves in nursery；When first stage cuttings healing and taking root, Fine day water drenching 1~2 time, cloudy day 3~4d water drenching is primary, and light transmittance is 40~50%；Second stage is that cuttings grows 1 bud, 2~3 leaf When, fine day water drenching is primary, and cloudy day 3~5d water drenching is primary, and light transmittance is 50~70%；25~30d removes greenhouse gradually before hardening Hardening can transplant；Relative humidity, temperature and the light transmittance of control cuttings seedling can make soluble sugar in cuttings, soluble form sediment The carbohydrate such as powder, soluble protein are more used for cuttage rooting rather than photosynthesis and growth of seedling, are cuttings Take root and sufficient energy be provided, the tea tree seedlings root that this method for culturing seedlings obtains is flourishing, and root thickness are strong, rooting rate, root activity with Cuttage survival rate can be greatly enhanced, and increase robust seedling seedling, substantially reduce growing-seedling period, improve efficiency, save the cost.
Preferably, the sowing amount for preparing the inhibitor in matrix step is that 1.0~1.2Kg suppression is applied in every 1000Kg matrix Preparation contains 0.5~0.6g/L glycerine and 0.12~0.15g/L methyl lactate in inhibitor, and surplus is water；Inhibitor applies After matrix, in glycerine and methyl lactate absorbed in company with the soil liquid by cuttings young root, after absorbing, glycerine and lactic acid Methyl esters collaboration promotes generation of the cuttings to tea tree MYB-type transcription factor PtrMYB106, which can open with gene Cis element is specifically bound in mover area, inhibits the transcription of abscisic acid (ABA) gene, to inhibit abscisic acid in cuttings body Secretion and content, and the content of heteroauxin (IAA) remains unchanged even slightly raising in cuttings body, the ratio of IAA/ABA is worth To being sharply increased, due to the rootability of tea tree cuttings and the ratio correlation of IAA/ABA, the application of inhibitor The rooting rate of cuttings is helped to improve, root long degree and root thickness degree, newborn well developed root system, the root activity for improving newborn root system are excellent It is different, to greatly improve cuttage survival rate and transplanting survival rate, accelerate cuttage rooting, keep root system sturdy, vigorous, improves nursery effect Rate is transplanted early, save seedling raise period, improve whole year can nursery amount, save the cost.
Preferably, contain in the rooting agent solution in cuttage step: 32~34g/L sucrose, 18~20g/L fecula, 20 ~25mg/L salicylic acid, 3~10g/L plant ash, 0.5~0.6g/L heteroauxin, 0.08~0.12g/L basic element of cell division, 10 ~12g/L urea, 0.8~1g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6~0.8g/L ferrous sulfate, 0.15~0.2g/L magnesium molybdate, surplus are Distilled water；The division and differentiation of the controllable regulating cell of the basic element of cell division in rooting agent solution promote the growth of cuttings cell, stretch It is long, so that it is accelerated differentiation, heteroauxin there can be facilitation to the synthesis of RNA and DNA, promote the gene table of relevant enzyme It reaches, accelerates the synthesis and secretion of the enzymes such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and indoleacetic acid oxidase, to promote cell Dedifferentiation generates callus, causes the generation of root restriction, promote the generation of adventitious root, complete to take root.
The invention has the benefit that
1) after the absorption of tea tree cuttings, glycerine and methyl lactate in inhibitor can promote cuttings to tea tree MYB- The generation of type transcription factor PtrMYB106, the transcription factor can be specifically bound with cis element in gene promoter area, Inhibit the transcription of acid gene of falling off, to inhibit the secretion and content of abscisic acid in cuttings body, prevents the withered necrosis of cuttings；
2) because being added with heteroauxin in rooting agent solution, the content of heteroauxin is remained unchanged in cuttings body It even slightly increases, the ratio of IAA/ABA is sharply increased, due to the rootability of tea tree cuttings and the ratio of IAA/ABA Correlation, therefore the application of inhibitor helps to improve the rooting rate of cuttings, improves the root long degree and root of newborn root system Rugosity, newborn well developed root system, root activity are excellent；
3) cuttage is then carried out to impregnate rooting agent solution after fire baking, high temperature can play the micro- life for killing cuttings surface Object plays the role of bactericidal, reduces infection of the microorganism to cuttings；
4) after with fire baking, cuttings surface pores diastole, the layer of wood expanded by heating in cuttings surface layer and wound, in Cell liquid exchange frequency accelerate, facilitate activating cell, further break up and prepare for cell, impregnated in rooting agent solution Afterwards, the active constituent of rooting agent solution contains the active constituent of hestening rooting, energy more to enter inside cuttings in rooting agent solution Enough accelerate cuttings calli induction, accelerates to take root；
5) the method for the present invention can greatly improve tea cutting survival rate and transplanting survival rate, accelerate cuttage rooting, make root Be it is sturdy, vigorous, improve breeding efficiency, transplant early, save seedling raise period, improve whole year can nursery amount, save the cost.
Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposals to provide a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings, compensates for the deficiencies in the prior art, if Meter is rationally, easy to operate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with attached drawing with reference to embodiments:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings, comprising the following steps:
S1: the tea tree breed in female fringe tea place is excellent kind of nursery stock of clone, cuts off upper part apart from fluffy face 30cm, clip is inserted 30d applies barnyard manure 1000Kg, compound fertilizer 100Kg per acre before fringe, while applying 25Kg potash fertilizer and 40Kg calcareous fertilisers, the 10d before taking fringe, Two leaves and a bud is adopted in topping, promotes fringe bar lignifying；Cutting off maternal plant upper part has stimulation resting bud and promotes the vigorous life of young sprout Long effect, then newborn young sprout fertilizer can be made tender, sturdy after top dressing, increase breeding coefficient；
S2: branch clip cuttings of the length in 25cm or more, stem thickness degree in 3mm or more, cutting length 5cm, band are chosen The blade for having at least one full axillary bud and 2 maturations to perfect, lower port are cut into 45 degree of inclination angles, cuttings lower end edge cutting length Direction rows dry out 3 wounds, is drenched after cuttings is bundled with water, as preservation under 1 DEG C of temperature, 85% humidity environment；Maturation is sound Soluble sugar and chlorophyll content in blade is higher, and cuttings cuttage rooting rate and survival rate with mature functional leaf are homogeneous It to higher, scratch wound in cuttings lower part and is conducive to stimulation callus and formed, help to take root；
S3: clearing up after impurity the 5d that is exposed to the sun for red soil, garden mould, mushroom residue, turf and perlite respectively, according to weight ratio 3: 5:3:2:1 is uniformly mixed, and it is 40% that sterile water management water content, which is added, is applied 1Kg in every 1000Kg matrix and is contained 0.5g/L third The inhibitor aqueous solution of triol and 0.12g/L methyl lactate is uniformly mixed and stands to obtain seedling medium；Red soil, garden mould and mushroom The nutriments such as humus rich in, organic matter, middle micro material, can satisfy the nutrition of tea tree growth of seedling in mushroom slag Demand, turf and perlite can preferably adjust granularity, porosity and the gas porosity of matrix, enhance water conservation, the specific retention of matrix Power improves rooting percent and seedling percent；After the absorption of tea tree cuttings, glycerine in inhibitor and methyl lactate can be with Promote generation of the cuttings to tea tree MYB-type transcription factor PtrMYB106, the transcription factor can in gene promoter area Cis element specific binding, inhibits the transcription of abscisic acid (ABA) gene, to inhibit in cuttings body the secretion of abscisic acid and contain Amount prevents the withered necrosis of cuttings, and the content of heteroauxin (IAA) is remained unchanged or even slightly increased in cuttings body, IAA/ABA Ratio be sharply increased, due to the rootability of tea tree cuttings and the ratio correlation of IAA/ABA, inhibit The application of agent helps to improve the rooting rate of cuttings, improves the root long degree and root thickness degree of newborn root system, newborn well developed root system, root system Vigor is excellent, to greatly improve cuttage survival rate and transplanting survival rate；
S4: the arable land setting seedling that topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, sunshine is sufficient, the gas permeability of soil is good, has a good transport service is chosen Garden is made into nursery with wide 1.2m, and 20cm is deep-cut in nursery, inserts seedling medium, furrow width 30cm between nursery, nursery applies per acre 300Kg well-rotted farmyard manure, and spraying disinfection；The fresh earth that pH is 4.8 is laid on nursery, soil is with a thickness of 4cm, by soil 3cm or so is densified to up to nursery；Greenhouse is built above nursery；Topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, sunshine is sufficient, soil is saturating Gas is good, management is convenient in the place of having a good transport service setting nursery, and nursery soil presentation make-up is lower loose, and facilitating cuttings takes root, with greenhouse For nursery construct a relative closure interior environment can realize the temperature to cuttings seedling, humidity, illumination precision control with Scientific management improves cuttage survival rate and breeding efficiency；
S5: sprinkling profoundly water the seedling medium in nursery before cuttage, is separated by 15cm with the wooden stick hole pounding of 1cm diameter, removal is inserted Fringe lower end blade, cuttings lower end is toasted on fire, and 15s is toasted apart from open fire 15cm or more in cuttings lower end, is burnt with finger allodynia Then cuttings lower half is impregnated 15s as rooting agent solution rapidly, static 3s is taken out, then by cuttings lower half by heat Insertion specific surface area is 900m2In the active carbon of/g, takes out after cuttings is put into vertically 1/3 in hole and sealed with seedling medium, cuttage After sprinkle profoundly water and stromal surface not ponding, arrangement prevents that blade from sticking matrix and cuttings tilts；It is coarse if cuttage Seedling medium can scratch tender cuttings epidermis, lead to cuttings infection, corruption or even death, and with wooden stick in nursery before cuttage Hole pounding then can avoid such happen in matrix；Cuttage is then carried out to impregnate rooting agent solution after fire baking, it is on the one hand high Temperature can play the role of killing the microorganism on cuttings surface, play bactericidal, reduce infection of the microorganism to cuttings, another Aspect, after fire baking, cuttings surface pores diastole, the layer of wood expanded by heating in cuttings surface layer and wound, in it is thin Cytosol, which exchanges frequency, to be accelerated, and is facilitated activating cell, is further broken up for cell and prepare, after being impregnated in rooting agent solution, The active constituent of rooting agent solution, can containing the active constituent of hestening rooting in rooting agent solution more to enter inside cuttings Accelerate cuttings calli induction, accelerates to take root；After cuttings is impregnated in rooting agent solution, active carbon is very easy to It is adhered to the notch, wound and surface of cuttings, can not only prevent scuffing of the cutting medium of unpolished rice to cuttings, active carbon surpasses The moisture and nutrient that more gaps and extra specific surface area help to adsorb in seedling medium are to further increase slotting used in cuttings Fringe rooting rate and survival rate improve cuttage success rate；
S6: it is 85% that relative humidity is controlled after the completion of cuttage, and day temperature is 23 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 18 DEG C, accomplishes seedling Without weeds and dry branches and fallen leaves in garden, pest and disease damage is prevented and treated in time；When first stage cuttings healing and taking root, fine day water drenching 1 time, cloudy 3d Water drenching is primary, light transmittance 40%；When second stage is that cuttings grows 12 leaf of bud, fine day water drenching is primary, and cloudy 3d water drenching is primary, Light transmittance is 50%；25~30d removes greenhouse gradually hardening can transplant before hardening；Control relative humidity, the temperature of cuttings seedling With light transmittance the carbohydrate such as soluble sugar, soluble starch, soluble protein in cuttings can be more used for degree Cuttage rooting rather than photosynthesis and growth of seedling provide sufficient energy, the tea that this method for culturing seedlings obtains for cuttage rooting It is flourishing to set seedlings root, root thickness are strong, and rooting rate, root activity and cuttage survival rate can be greatly enhanced, and increase robust seedling Seedling substantially reduces growing-seedling period, improves efficiency, save the cost.
Contain in rooting agent solution in cuttage step: 32g/L sucrose, 18g/L fecula, 20mg/L salicylic acid, 3g/L Plant ash, 0.5g/L heteroauxin, the 0.08g/L basic element of cell division, 10g/L urea, 0.8g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6g/L sulfuric acid Ferrous, 0.15g/L magnesium molybdate, surplus is distilled water；The division of the controllable regulating cell of the basic element of cell division in rooting agent solution With differentiation, promote the growth of cuttings cell, elongation, it is made to accelerate differentiation, heteroauxin, which there can be the synthesis of RNA and DNA, to be promoted Into effect, promote the gene expression of relevant enzyme, accelerates the enzymes such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and indoleacetic acid oxidase Synthesis and secretion generate callus, cause the generation of root restriction, promote the life of adventitious root to promote the dedifferentiation of cell At completing to take root.
Comparative example 1:
On the basis of embodiment 1, the methyl lactate in embodiment 1 in S3 step is removed, remaining is complete with embodiment 1 It is identical.
Comparative example 2:
On the basis of embodiment 1, in embodiment 1 in S3 step, all water of inhibitor, remaining is complete with embodiment 1 It is identical.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings, specifically includes the following steps:
Female fringe nutrient laden: the tea tree breed in female fringe tea place is excellent kind of nursery stock of clone, cuts off upper end apart from fluffy face 35cm Point, 45d applies barnyard manure 1200Kg, compound fertilizer 150Kg per acre before clip cuttings, while applying 30Kg potash fertilizer and 50Kg calcareous fertilisers, 15d before fringe is taken, topping adopts two leaves and a bud, promotes fringe bar lignifying；Cutting off maternal plant upper part has stimulation resting bud and promotion The effect of young sprout vigorous growth, then newborn young sprout fertilizer can be made tender, sturdy after top dressing, increase breeding coefficient；
It prepares cuttings: choosing length in 25cm or more, stem thickness degree in the branch clip cuttings of 3mm or more, cutting length is 8cm, with the blade that at least one full axillary bud and 3 maturations are sound, lower port is cut into 60 degree of inclination angles, and cuttings lower end edge is inserted Fringe length direction rows dry out 4 wounds, is drenched after cuttings is bundled with water, as preservation under 4 DEG C of temperature, 95% humidity environment；At The ripe soluble sugar perfected in blade and chlorophyll content are higher, the cuttings cuttage rooting rate with mature functional leaf with survive Rate is relatively high, scratches wound in cuttings lower part and is conducive to that callus is stimulated to be formed, helps to take root；
It prepares matrix: red soil, garden mould, mushroom residue, turf and perlite being cleared up into after impurity the 7d that is exposed to the sun respectively, according to weight Amount is uniformly mixed than 4:6:4:3:1, and it is 45% that sterile water management water content, which is added, is applied 1.2Kg in every 1000Kg matrix and is inhibited Agent, inhibitor are the aqueous solution containing 0.6g/L glycerine Yu 0.15g/L methyl lactate, are uniformly mixed and stand to obtain nursery base Matter；The nutriments such as humus rich in, organic matter, middle micro material, can satisfy in red soil, garden mould and mushroom residue The nutritional need of tea tree growth of seedling, turf and perlite can preferably adjust granularity, porosity and the gas porosity of matrix, enhancing The water conservation of matrix, moisture holding capacity improve rooting percent and seedling percent；Through tea tree cuttings absorption after, in inhibitor third Triol and methyl lactate can promote generation of the cuttings to tea tree MYB-type transcription factor PtrMYB106, the transcription factor energy Cis element is specifically bound in enough and gene promoter area, inhibits the transcription of abscisic acid (ABA) gene, to inhibit cuttings body The secretion and content of interior abscisic acid prevent the withered necrosis of cuttings, and the content of heteroauxin (IAA) remains unchanged very in cuttings body To slightly increasing, the ratio of IAA/ABA is sharply increased, since the rootability of tea tree cuttings and the ratio of IAA/ABA are in Positive correlation, therefore the application of inhibitor helps to improve the rooting rate of cuttings, improves the root long degree and root thickness of newborn root system Degree, newborn well developed root system, root activity is excellent, to greatly improve cuttage survival rate and transplanting survival rate；
Nursery bed management: it chooses the arable land that topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, sunshine is sufficient, the gas permeability of soil is good, has a good transport service and sets Nursery is set, nursery is made into wide 1.5m, 30cm is deep-cut in nursery, inserts seedling medium, furrow width 50cm between nursery, nursery is applied per acre Enter 400Kg well-rotted farmyard manure, and spraying disinfection；The fresh earth that pH is 5.2 is laid on nursery, soil is with a thickness of 5cm, by mud Soil is densified to 3cm up to nursery；Greenhouse is built above nursery；Topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, sunshine is sufficient, Soil ventilation Property the good, place of having a good transport service setting nursery convenient for management, nursery soil, which is presented, tightens lower pine, and facilitating cuttings takes root, and is with greenhouse The interior environment that nursery constructs a relative closure can realize the temperature to cuttings seedling, humidity, the precision control of illumination and section Huas management, improves cuttage survival rate and breeding efficiency；
Cuttage: sprinkling profoundly water the seedling medium in nursery before cuttage, is separated by 20cm spacing with the wooden stick hole pounding of 2cm diameter, Cuttings lower end blade is removed, cuttings lower end is toasted on fire, 30s is toasted, apart from open fire 15cm or more with finger in cuttings lower end Sense of touch is scorching hot, and cuttings lower half is then placed in rooting agent solution rapidly and impregnates 20s, static 5s is taken out, then by cuttings It is 1000m that specific surface area is inserted into lower half2In the active carbon of/g, take out close with seedling medium after cuttings is put into vertically 1/2 in hole Envelope, sprinkles profoundly water and stromal surface not ponding after cuttage, and arrangement prevents that blade from sticking matrix and cuttings tilts；If direct skewer Insert, tender cuttings epidermis can be scratched by coarse seedling medium, cause cuttings infection, corruption in addition death, and before cuttage with Wooden stick hole pounding on seedling medium then can avoid such happen；Skewer is then carried out to impregnate rooting agent solution after fire baking It inserts, one side high temperature can play the role of killing the microorganism on cuttings surface, play bactericidal, reduce microorganism to cuttings Infection, on the other hand, after fire baking, cuttings surface pores diastole, the layer of wood in cuttings surface layer and wound is heated swollen It is swollen, in cell liquid exchange frequency accelerate, facilitate activating cell, further break up and prepare for cell, it is molten in root-growing agent After impregnating in liquid, the active constituent of rooting agent solution more to enter inside cuttings, contains the work of hestening rooting in rooting agent solution Property ingredient, can speed up cuttings calli induction, accelerates to take root；After cuttings is impregnated in rooting agent solution, active carbon It is very easy to may adhere to the notch, wound and surface of cuttings, can not only prevent the cutting medium of unpolished rice from drawing to cuttings The moisture and nutrient that wound, super more gaps of active carbon and extra specific surface area help to adsorb in seedling medium are cuttings institute With further increasing rooting percent and survival rate, improve cuttage success rate；
Manage after inserting: it is 95% that relative humidity is controlled after the completion of cuttage, and day temperature is 28 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 24 DEG C, Accomplish to prevent and treat pest and disease damage in time without weeds and dry branches and fallen leaves in nursery；When first stage cuttings healing and taking root, fine day water drenching 2 times, Cloudy 4d water drenching is primary, light transmittance 50%；When second stage is that cuttings grows 13 leaf of bud, fine day water drenching is primary, cloudy 5d leaching Water is primary, light transmittance 70%；30d removes greenhouse gradually hardening can transplant before hardening；The relative humidity of control cuttings seedling, With light transmittance the carbohydrate such as soluble sugar, soluble starch, soluble protein in cuttings can more used temperature In cuttage rooting rather than photosynthesis and growth of seedling, sufficient energy is provided for cuttage rooting, what this method for culturing seedlings obtained Tea tree seedlings root is flourishing, and root thickness are strong, and rooting rate, root activity and cuttage survival rate can be greatly enhanced, and increases seedling Strong sprout substantially reduces growing-seedling period, improves efficiency, save the cost.
Contain in rooting agent solution in cuttage step: 34g/L sucrose, 20g/L fecula, 25mg/L salicylic acid, 10g/L Plant ash, 0.6g/L heteroauxin, the 0.12g/L basic element of cell division, 12g/L urea, 1g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8g/L sulfuric acid are sub- Iron, 0.2g/L magnesium molybdate, surplus are distilled water；The division of the controllable regulating cell of the basic element of cell division in rooting agent solution with point Change, promote the growth of cuttings cell, elongation, it is made to accelerate differentiation, heteroauxin, which there can be the synthesis of RNA and DNA, to be promoted to make With promoting the gene expression of relevant enzyme, accelerate the synthesis of the enzymes such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and indoleacetic acid oxidase Callus is generated, causes the generation of root restriction, promotes the generation of adventitious root to promote the dedifferentiation of cell with secretion, it is complete At taking root.
Comparative example 3:
On the basis of embodiment 2, in the cuttage step of embodiment 2, cuttings is not with fire baking i.e. by cuttings lower half It is placed in rooting agent solution immersion, remaining is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4:
On the basis of comparative example 3, the methyl lactate in the preparation matrix step of comparative example 3 is removed, the skewer of comparative example 3 It inserts in step, cuttings lower half is not placed in rooting agent solution with fire baking and impregnated by cuttings, remaining and the complete phase of comparative example 3 Together.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings, comprising: female fringe nutrient laden, preparation cuttings, prepare matrix, nursery bed management, cuttage, insert after Management, specifically includes the following steps:
Female fringe nutrient laden: the tea tree breed in female fringe tea place is excellent kind of nursery stock of clone, cuts off upper end apart from fluffy face 35cm Point, 40d applies barnyard manure 1100Kg, compound fertilizer 120Kg per acre before clip cuttings, while applying 30Kg potash fertilizer and 45Kg calcareous fertilisers, 12d before fringe is taken, topping adopts two leaves and a bud, promotes fringe bar lignifying；Cutting off maternal plant upper part has stimulation resting bud and promotion The effect of young sprout vigorous growth, then newborn young sprout fertilizer can be made tender, sturdy after top dressing, increase breeding coefficient；
It prepares cuttings: choosing length in 25cm or more, stem thickness degree in the branch clip cuttings of 3mm or more, cutting length is 6cm, with the blade that at least one full axillary bud and 3 maturations are sound, lower port is cut into 60 degree of inclination angles, and cuttings lower end edge is inserted Fringe length direction rows dry out 4 wounds, is drenched after cuttings is bundled with water, as preservation under 2 DEG C of temperature, 90% humidity environment；At The ripe soluble sugar perfected in blade and chlorophyll content are higher, the cuttings cuttage rooting rate with mature functional leaf with survive Rate is relatively high, scratches wound in cuttings lower part and is conducive to that callus is stimulated to be formed, helps to take root；
It prepares matrix: red soil, garden mould, mushroom residue, turf and perlite being cleared up into after impurity the 7d that is exposed to the sun respectively, according to weight Amount is uniformly mixed than 4:6:3:3:1, and it is 45% that sterile water management water content, which is added, is then applied and is contained glycerine and methyl lactate Inhibitor, be uniformly mixed and stand to obtain seedling medium；It is humus rich in red soil, garden mould and mushroom residue, organic The nutriments such as matter, middle micro material, can satisfy the nutritional need of tea tree growth of seedling, and turf can be adjusted preferably with perlite Granularity, porosity and the gas porosity for saving matrix enhance water conservation, the moisture holding capacity of matrix, improve rooting percent and survive with seedling Rate；After the absorption of tea tree cuttings, glycerine and methyl lactate in inhibitor can promote cuttings to transcribe tea tree MYB-type The generation of factor PtrMYB106, the transcription factor can specifically bind with cis element in gene promoter area, inhibit to fall off The transcription of sour (ABA) gene prevents cuttings withered downright bad to inhibit the secretion and content of abscisic acid in cuttings body, and cuttings The content of internal heteroauxin (IAA), which remains unchanged, even slightly to be increased, and the ratio of IAA/ABA is sharply increased, due to tea The rootability of cuttings and the ratio correlation of IAA/ABA are set, therefore the application of inhibitor helps to improve cuttings Rooting rate improves the root long degree and root thickness degree of newborn root system, and newborn well developed root system, root activity is excellent, to greatly improve skewer It is inserted into motility rate and transplanting survival rate；
Nursery bed management: it chooses the arable land that topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, sunshine is sufficient, the gas permeability of soil is good, has a good transport service and sets Nursery is set, nursery is made into wide 1.5m, 25cm is deep-cut in nursery, inserts seedling medium, furrow width 40cm between nursery, nursery is applied per acre Enter 350Kg well-rotted farmyard manure, and spraying disinfection；The fresh earth that pH is 5 is laid on nursery, soil is with a thickness of 5cm, by soil 3cm is densified to up to nursery；Greenhouse is built above nursery；Topography is flat, irrigation and drainage are convenient, sunshine is sufficient, the gas permeability of soil The good, place of having a good transport service setting nursery is convenient for management, and nursery soil, which is presented, tightens lower pine, and facilitating cuttings takes root, using greenhouse as seedling The interior environment that garden constructs a relative closure can realize the temperature to cuttings seedling, humidity, precision control and the science of illumination Change management, improves cuttage survival rate and breeding efficiency；
Cuttage: sprinkling profoundly water the seedling medium in nursery before cuttage, is separated by 18cm with the wooden stick hole pounding of 2cm diameter, removal Cuttings lower end blade, cuttings lower end is toasted on fire, and 20s is toasted, apart from open fire 15cm or more with finger allodynia in cuttings lower end It is scorching hot, 15s is then impregnated into as rooting agent solution in cuttings lower half rapidly, static 5s is taken out, then by cuttings lower half It is 1000m that portion, which is inserted into specific surface area,2In the active carbon of/g, takes out after cuttings is put into vertically 40% in hole and is sealed with seedling medium, It is sprinkled profoundly water after cuttage and stromal surface not ponding, arrangement prevents that blade from sticking matrix and cuttings tilts；If cuttage, slightly The seedling medium of unpolished rice can scratch tender cuttings epidermis, lead to cuttings infection, corruption or even death, and be existed before cuttage with wooden stick Hole pounding then can avoid such happen on seedling medium；Cuttage, a side are then carried out to impregnate rooting agent solution after fire baking Face high temperature can play the role of killing the microorganism on cuttings surface, play bactericidal, reduce infection of the microorganism to cuttings, On the other hand, after with fire baking, cuttings surface pores diastole, the layer of wood expanded by heating in cuttings surface layer and wound, in Cell liquid exchange frequency accelerate, facilitate activating cell, further break up and prepare for cell, impregnated in rooting agent solution Afterwards, the active constituent of rooting agent solution contains the active constituent of hestening rooting, energy more to enter inside cuttings in rooting agent solution Enough accelerate cuttings calli induction, accelerates to take root；After cuttings is impregnated in rooting agent solution, active carbon is very easy to i.e. It may adhere to the notch, wound and surface of cuttings, can not only prevent scuffing of the cutting medium of unpolished rice to cuttings, active carbon The moisture and nutrient that super more gaps and extra specific surface area help to adsorb in seedling medium are to further increase used in cuttings Rooting percent and survival rate improve cuttage success rate；
Manage after inserting: it is 92% that relative humidity is controlled after the completion of cuttage, and day temperature is 26 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 22 DEG C, Accomplish to prevent and treat pest and disease damage in time without weeds and dry branches and fallen leaves in nursery；When first stage cuttings healing and taking root, fine day water drenching 2 times, Cloudy 3d water drenching is primary, light transmittance 45%；When second stage is that cuttings grows 13 leaf of bud, fine day water drenching is primary, cloudy 5d leaching Water is primary, light transmittance 65%；30d removes greenhouse gradually hardening can transplant before hardening；The relative humidity of control cuttings seedling, With light transmittance the carbohydrate such as soluble sugar, soluble starch, soluble protein in cuttings can more used temperature In cuttage rooting rather than photosynthesis and growth of seedling, sufficient energy is provided for cuttage rooting, what this method for culturing seedlings obtained Tea tree seedlings root is flourishing, and root thickness are strong, and rooting rate, root activity and cuttage survival rate can be greatly enhanced, and increases seedling Strong sprout substantially reduces growing-seedling period, improves efficiency, save the cost.
The sowing amount for preparing the inhibitor in matrix step is that 1Kg inhibitor is applied in every 1000Kg matrix, in inhibitor Containing 0.55g/L glycerine and 0.14g/L methyl lactate, surplus is water；Inhibitor apply matrix after, in glycerine and cream Sour methyl esters is absorbed in company with the soil liquid by cuttings young root, and after absorbing, glycerine is cooperateed with methyl lactate promotes cuttings to tea tree The generation of MYB-type transcription factor PtrMYB106, the transcription factor can be with cis element specificity in gene promoter area In conjunction with, inhibit the transcription of abscisic acid (ABA) gene, thus inhibit the secretion and content of abscisic acid in cuttings body, and in cuttings body The content of heteroauxin (IAA), which remains unchanged, even slightly to be increased, and the ratio of IAA/ABA is sharply increased, since tea tree inserts The rootability of fringe and the ratio correlation of IAA/ABA, therefore the application of inhibitor helps to improve taking root for cuttings Rate improves the root long degree and root thickness degree of newborn root system, and newborn well developed root system, root activity is excellent, thus greatly improve cuttage at Motility rate and transplanting survival rate accelerate cuttage rooting, keep root system sturdy, vigorous, improve breeding efficiency, transplant early, save nursery Time, improve whole year can nursery amount, save the cost.
Contain in rooting agent solution in cuttage step: 32g/L sucrose, 18g/L fecula, 24mg/L salicylic acid, 8g/L Plant ash, 0.55g/L heteroauxin, the 0.09g/L basic element of cell division, 11g/L urea, 0.8g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.7g/L sulphur Sour ferrous, 0.18g/L magnesium molybdate, surplus is distilled water；Point of the controllable regulating cell of the basic element of cell division in rooting agent solution It splits and breaks up, promote the growth of cuttings cell, elongation, it is made to accelerate differentiation, heteroauxin can have the synthesis of RNA and DNA Facilitation promotes the gene expression of relevant enzyme, accelerates the enzymes such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and indoleacetic acid oxidase Synthesis and secretion generate callus, cause the generation of root restriction, promote adventitious root to promote the dedifferentiation of cell It generates, completes to take root.
Test case 1:
By the tea tree seedlings root level and growth level statistic in Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1~3, as shown in table 1.
The root system level and growth level statistic of 1. tea tree seedling of table
As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 3, the rooting rate of tea tree cuttings has entirely reached 100%, and its average root Length has been more than 10cm, while chlorophyll total amount and root activity are higher, illustrates that the method for the present invention is greatly improved tea tree and educates The life rate and rooting rate of seedling, while well developed root system, flushing, it is a kind of efficient tea tree method for culturing seedlings.
The prior art of routine techniques dawn known to those skilled in the art in above-described embodiment, therefore herein no longer in detail It repeats.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this field Member can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all equivalent Technical solution also belong to scope of the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that: the tea tree method for culturing seedlings with red soil, garden mould, mushroom residue, turf with The mixture of perlite is as seedling medium, by clip cuttings after female fringe nutrient laden, after applying inhibitor in seedling medium Cuttage is carried out, using humidity, temperature and the light transmittance of greenhouse regulation cuttings seedling after cuttage, is removed after cuttage rooting growth big Canopy, gradually hardening can transplant.
2. a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, characterized by comprising:
Female fringe nutrient laden: the tea tree breed in female fringe tea place is excellent kind of nursery stock of clone, cuts off upper end apart from fluffy 30~35cm of face Point, fertilising takes 10~15d before fringe, and topping adopts two leaves and a bud, promotes fringe bar lignifying；
Prepare cuttings: clip cutting length is 4~8cm, with the leaf that at least one full axillary bud and 2~3 maturations are sound Piece, cuttings lower end edge cutting length direction row dry out 3~4 wounds, clammy preservation；
It prepares matrix: being exposed to the sun and be uniformly mixed after red soil, garden mould, mushroom residue, turf are cleared up impurity with perlite respectively, often The inhibitor that 1.0~1.2Kg contains glycerine and methyl lactate is applied in 1000Kg matrix；
Nursery bed management: it chooses arable land and is made into nursery, insert seedling medium, apply fertilizer and sterilize；Laying depth is the fresh of 4~5cm Soil, by soil compaction to 3cm or so up to nursery；
Cuttage: seedling medium sprinkles profoundly water, and with wooden stick hole pounding, removes cuttings lower end blade, cuttings lower end is toasted on fire, then Cuttings lower half is placed in rooting agent solution rapidly to impregnate, cuttings lower half is inserted into active carbon after taking-up, it is perpendicular to take out cuttings It is directly put into 1/3~1/2 in hole, is sealed with seedling medium, sprinkled profoundly water after cuttage is complete；
It is managed after inserting: controlling relative humidity, temperature after the completion of cuttage, prevent and treat pest and disease damage in time and control water；25~30d is removed before hardening Removing greenhouse, gradually hardening can transplant.
3. a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: in the preparation matrix step, suppression Contain 0.5~0.6g/L glycerine, 0.12~0.15g/L ethyl lactate in preparation.
4. a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: red in the preparation matrix step Loam, garden mould, mushroom residue, turf and perlite weight ratio be 3~4:5~6:3~4:2~3:1.
5. a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: fresh in the nursery bed management step The pH of soil is 4.8~5.2.
6. a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in the cuttage step, cuttings lower end When toasting on fire, 15~30s is toasted apart from open fire 15cm or more in cuttings lower end, scorching hot with finger allodynia.
7. a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the cuttage step, active carbon Specific surface area is 900~1000m2/g。
8. a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to insert in rear management process, control Relative humidity is 85~95%, and day temperature is 23~28 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 18~24 DEG C.
9. a kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is described to insert in rear management process, it is described Control moisture are as follows:
First stage, when cuttings healing and taking root, fine day water drenching 1~2 time, cloudy day 3~4d water drenching is primary, and light transmittance is 40~ 50%；
Second stage, when cuttings grows 1 2~3 leaf of bud, fine day water drenching is primary, and cloudy day 3~5d water drenching is primary, light transmittance for 50~ 70%.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112021138A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-04 湖南桓顺农业有限公司 Nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera
CN113141891A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-07-23 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 Short-spike cutting method for tea tree germplasm resources
CN113424739A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-24 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 Method for regulating and controlling growth of quercus variabilis by coupling of water and fertilizer

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112021138A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-04 湖南桓顺农业有限公司 Nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera
CN113141891A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-07-23 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 Short-spike cutting method for tea tree germplasm resources
CN113141891B (en) * 2021-03-26 2023-09-29 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 Method for cutting tea tree germplasm resources in short spikes
CN113424739A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-24 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 Method for regulating and controlling growth of quercus variabilis by coupling of water and fertilizer

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