CN112021138A - Nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera - Google Patents

Nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112021138A
CN112021138A CN202010987370.4A CN202010987370A CN112021138A CN 112021138 A CN112021138 A CN 112021138A CN 202010987370 A CN202010987370 A CN 202010987370A CN 112021138 A CN112021138 A CN 112021138A
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parts
nutrient soil
camellia oleifera
sawdust
cultivating
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CN202010987370.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李艳
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Hunan Huanshun Agriculture Co ltd
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Hunan Huanshun Agriculture Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010987370.4A priority Critical patent/CN112021138A/en
Publication of CN112021138A publication Critical patent/CN112021138A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D5/00Fertilisers containing magnesium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of red loam, 7-10 parts of tea seed meal, 10-20 parts of animal manure, 2-5 parts of sepiolite powder, 2-4 parts of weathered coal, 3-4 parts of eucalyptus oil, 4-6 parts of sawdust, 0.5-2 parts of microorganism population, 1-3 parts of sawdust, 2-4 parts of vinasse, 3-7 parts of mushroom residue, 5-10 parts of turf and 4-7 parts of perlite. The invention belongs to the field of organic oil tea, and particularly provides a nutrient soil special for planting oil tea trees, capable of serving for organic oil tea production, high in effective force and low in cost.

Description

Nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of organic oil tea trees, and particularly relates to nutrient soil for cultivating organic oil tea trees.
Background
The nutrient soil is bed soil which is specially prepared for satisfying the growth and development of seedlings, contains various mineral nutrients, is loose and ventilated, has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity and does not have diseases and insect pests. Nutritionally, the fertilizer is generally prepared by mixing fertile field soil and decomposed animal manure. In the prior art, the agricultural cultivation method is carried out by adopting a soil medium and then watering and fertilizing.
In recent years, chemical fertilizers are widely used, and although the chemical fertilizers are convenient to use and quick in effect, the soil texture is damaged after long-term use, and chemical substances contained in the chemical fertilizers can adversely affect planted agricultural products. Tea-oil camellia, another name: tea tree, tea oil tree, and white flower tea; camellia oleifera belongs to Theaceae, and is a evergreen small arbor. Its seed can be used for extracting oil (tea oil) for eating, so its name is. The tea oil is clear in color, delicious, rich in nutrition and long in storage life, and is high-quality edible oil; can also be used as lubricating oil and antirust oil for industry. The tea cake is not only a pesticide but also a fertilizer, and can improve the water storage capacity of the farmland and prevent and control pests in the rice field. The pericarp is the raw material for extracting tannin extract.
In the prior art, nutrient soil special for planting camellia oleifera is provided, the existing nutrient soil cannot promote growth of camellia oleifera with high efficiency, and the effect is not good enough.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing problems, the invention provides the nutrient soil for cultivating the organic camellia oleifera with high effectiveness and low cost, which is specially used for planting the camellia oleifera.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the nutrient soil for cultivating the organic camellia oleifera comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of red loam, 7-10 parts of tea seed meal, 10-20 parts of animal manure, 2-5 parts of sepiolite powder, 2-4 parts of weathered coal, 3-4 parts of eucalyptus oil, 4-6 parts of sawdust, 0.5-2 parts of microorganism population, 1-3 parts of sawdust, 2-4 parts of vinasse, 3-7 parts of mushroom residue, 5-10 parts of turf and 4-7 parts of perlite.
Further, the animal waste includes pig manure, chicken manure, and human urine.
Further, the microbial population comprises at least one of yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter and phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria.
The raw materials of the components are fully mixed according to the percentage, stirred by water, poured into a container, covered by a plastic film, piled up and fermented for 20-30 days at the temperature of 40-70 ℃, and then taken out to be used as the nutrient soil.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the nutrient soil for cultivating the organic camellia oleifera, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the components according to the weight parts of the components;
2) mixing, crushing and grinding the components of tea seed meal, animal manure, sepiolite powder, weathered coal, sawdust, vinasse, mushroom residue, turf and perlite according to a proportion to obtain mixed powder, wherein the particle size of the mixed powder is 100-150 meshes;
3) and (2) fully mixing the mixed powder with red loam, eucalyptus oil and a microbial population, adding sterile water to control the water content to be 40-45%, uniformly stirring, stacking into a fermentation pile with the height of 1-1.5 m, the width of 2-2.5 m and the length of 3-10 m, punching air holes in the pile by using a stick, controlling the temperature to be below 50 ℃, turning the pile when the temperature exceeds 50 ℃, and naturally fermenting for 10-20 days until the water content is 30% to obtain the nutrient soil.
By adopting the scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the mushroom residue is added into the soil, so that the organic matter content and the humus content of the soil can be changed, the soil structure is improved, the formation of a soil granular structure is promoted, the fertility of the soil is improved, the fertilizer efficiency is durable, the nutritional requirement for the growth of oil tea tree seedlings can be met, after humic acid is applied into the soil, an organic-inorganic complex with the humic acid as a core can be formed through complexation, chelation and surface adsorption capacity, the supply of nutrient elements and the activity of soil enzymes are effectively improved, the chemical stability of nutrients is improved, the volatilization, leaching loss of nitrogen and the fixation and inactivation of phosphorus and potassium are reduced, the synergistic effect on trace fertilizer is realized, the water retention and ventilation conditions of the soil can be influenced, the water absorption and retention are effectively realized, the soil gas content is increased, the high-content water-soluble humic acid is generated, and the growth of microorganisms such as azotobaccos, fungiform bacillus and the like is promoted, thereby stimulating the physiological metabolism of crops, promoting the development of root systems and luxuriant branches and leaves, accelerating the synthesis, operation and absorption of nutrients, effectively adjusting the granularity, porosity and porosity of the substrate by the turf and the perlite, enhancing the water retention and water retention capacity of the substrate, and improving the rooting rate of the cuttings and the survival rate of seedlings; the microbial population can generate a plurality of organic acids such as lactic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, a plurality of active enzymes and the like in the growth process, and the organic acids and the enzymes can effectively decompose phosphate and potassium salt which are difficult to dissolve in soil and nucleic acid, so that the application amount of inorganic phosphorus and inorganic potassium is reduced; meanwhile, the fertilizer can decompose various animal and plant residues, pesticides, fertilizers, heavy metal residual toxins and mineral substances, reduce pollution to the environment, promote decomposition and transformation of organic matters by generating a large amount of metabolites in the growth and reproduction process of beneficial bacteria, directly or indirectly provide various nutrients and irritant substances for crops, and promote and regulate the growth of the crops; the carbon-nitrogen ratio reference value of the sawdust is more than 300, and the sawdust is mixed with animal wastes to play a role in adjusting the water content and the carbon-nitrogen ratio, so that the fermentation process is smooth, and the fertilizer effect contained in the nutrient soil is better; the tea seed cake contains a large amount of nutritional ingredients required by the camellia oleifera, the nutritional ingredients are more easily absorbed by the camellia oleifera after fermentation treatment, waste is utilized, the tea seed cake is green and environment-friendly, the tea saponin contained in the tea seed cake can reduce soil-borne diseases, the morbidity is reduced, soil is effectively conditioned, the activity rate of microorganisms in the soil is activated, soil hardening is overcome, the air permeability of the soil is increased, the survival rate of seedlings of the camellia oleifera is effectively improved, and the fruiting rate of the camellia oleifera is remarkably improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, the nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera provided by the invention comprises the following components by weight: 50 parts of red loam, 7 parts of tea seed meal, 10 parts of animal manure, 2 parts of sepiolite powder, 2 parts of weathered coal, 3 parts of eucalyptus oil, 4 parts of sawdust, 0.5 part of microbial population, 1 part of sawdust, 2 parts of vinasse, 3 parts of mushroom residue, 5 parts of grass peat and 4 parts of perlite.
The preparation method of the nutrient soil for cultivating the organic camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the components according to the weight parts of the components;
2) mixing, crushing and grinding the components of tea seed meal, animal manure, sepiolite powder, weathered coal, sawdust, vinasse, mushroom residue, turf and perlite according to a proportion to obtain mixed powder, wherein the particle size of the mixed powder is 100-150 meshes;
3) and (2) fully mixing the mixed powder with red loam, eucalyptus oil and a microbial population, adding sterile water to control the water content to be 40-45%, uniformly stirring, stacking into a fermentation pile with the height of 1-1.5 m, the width of 2-2.5 m and the length of 3-10 m, punching air holes in the pile by using a stick, controlling the temperature to be below 50 ℃, turning the pile when the temperature exceeds 50 ℃, and naturally fermenting for 10-20 days until the water content is 30% to obtain the nutrient soil.
Embodiment 2, the nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera provided by the invention comprises the following components by weight: 60 parts of red loam, 8 parts of tea seed cake, 15 parts of animal manure, 4 parts of sepiolite powder, 3 parts of weathered coal, 3 parts of eucalyptus oil, 5 parts of sawdust, 1 part of microbial population, 2 parts of sawdust, 3 parts of vinasse, 5 parts of mushroom residue, 8 parts of grass peat and 6 parts of perlite.
The preparation method of the nutrient soil for cultivating the organic camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the components according to the weight parts of the components;
2) mixing, crushing and grinding the components of tea seed meal, animal manure, sepiolite powder, weathered coal, sawdust, vinasse, mushroom residue, turf and perlite according to a proportion to obtain mixed powder, wherein the particle size of the mixed powder is 100-150 meshes;
3) and (2) fully mixing the mixed powder with red loam, eucalyptus oil and a microbial population, adding sterile water to control the water content to be 40-45%, uniformly stirring, stacking into a fermentation pile with the height of 1-1.5 m, the width of 2-2.5 m and the length of 3-10 m, punching air holes in the pile by using a stick, controlling the temperature to be below 50 ℃, turning the pile when the temperature exceeds 50 ℃, and naturally fermenting for 10-20 days until the water content is 30% to obtain the nutrient soil.
Embodiment 3, the nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera provided by the invention comprises the following components by weight: 70 parts of red loam, 10 parts of tea seed meal, 20 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of sepiolite powder, 4 parts of weathered coal, 4 parts of eucalyptus oil, 6 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of microbial population, 3 parts of sawdust, 4 parts of vinasse, 7 parts of mushroom residue, 10 parts of grass peat and 7 parts of perlite.
The preparation method of the nutrient soil for cultivating the organic camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the components according to the weight parts of the components;
2) mixing, crushing and grinding the components of tea seed meal, animal manure, sepiolite powder, weathered coal, sawdust, vinasse, mushroom residue, turf and perlite according to a proportion to obtain mixed powder, wherein the particle size of the mixed powder is 100-150 meshes;
3) and (2) fully mixing the mixed powder with red loam, eucalyptus oil and a microbial population, adding sterile water to control the water content to be 40-45%, uniformly stirring, stacking into a fermentation pile with the height of 1-1.5 m, the width of 2-2.5 m and the length of 3-10 m, punching air holes in the pile by using a stick, controlling the temperature to be below 50 ℃, turning the pile when the temperature exceeds 50 ℃, and naturally fermenting for 10-20 days until the water content is 30% to obtain the nutrient soil.
After multiple experiments, the survival rate of the camellia seed seedlings reaches 99% by adopting the nutrition soil to be paved as a soil bed for culturing the camellia seedlings, the fruiting rate is improved by 20% -30% compared with that of the camellia trees cultured by common soil, and the planting efficiency and benefit are greatly improved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The nutrient soil for cultivating the organic camellia oleifera is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of red loam, 7-10 parts of tea seed meal, 10-20 parts of animal manure, 2-5 parts of sepiolite powder, 2-4 parts of weathered coal, 3-4 parts of eucalyptus oil, 4-6 parts of sawdust, 0.5-2 parts of microorganism population, 1-3 parts of sawdust, 2-4 parts of vinasse, 3-7 parts of mushroom residue, 5-10 parts of turf and 4-7 parts of perlite.
2. The nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera as claimed in claim 1, wherein the animal waste comprises pig manure, chicken manure and human urine.
3. The nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial population comprises at least one of yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing potassium-solubilizing bacteria.
4. The nutrient soil for cultivating the organic oil tea trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) weighing the components according to the weight parts of the components;
2) mixing, crushing and grinding the components of tea seed meal, animal manure, sepiolite powder, weathered coal, sawdust, vinasse, mushroom residue, turf and perlite according to a proportion to obtain mixed powder, wherein the particle size of the mixed powder is 100-150 meshes;
3) and (2) fully mixing the mixed powder with red loam, eucalyptus oil and a microbial population, adding sterile water to control the water content to be 40-45%, uniformly stirring, stacking into a fermentation pile with the height of 1-1.5 m, the width of 2-2.5 m and the length of 3-10 m, punching air holes in the pile by using a stick, controlling the temperature to be below 50 ℃, turning the pile when the temperature exceeds 50 ℃, and naturally fermenting for 10-20 days until the water content is 30% to obtain the nutrient soil.
CN202010987370.4A 2020-09-18 2020-09-18 Nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera Pending CN112021138A (en)

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CN202010987370.4A CN112021138A (en) 2020-09-18 2020-09-18 Nutrient soil for cultivating organic camellia oleifera

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101333127A (en) * 2007-07-01 2008-12-31 华丰源生物科技(深圳)有限公司 Fertilizer special for tea trees
CN103232271A (en) * 2013-04-20 2013-08-07 普洱茗上品茶业有限公司 Dedicated organic fertilizer for tea trees and production method of fertilizer
CN103408383A (en) * 2013-07-03 2013-11-27 安徽程翔肥料有限公司 Special fertilizer for tea tree and preparation method thereof
CN104045401A (en) * 2014-07-03 2014-09-17 覃仁安 Special tung-oil-containing compound fertilizer for tea trees
CN107646500A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-02-02 安徽省龙成生态农业有限公司 A kind of cottage method of oil tea
CN109116884A (en) * 2018-07-19 2019-01-01 漯河市豫禾农业科技发展有限公司 A kind of seedling medium and preparation method thereof improving the yield of watermelon
CN109429852A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-03-08 陈庆秀 A kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101333127A (en) * 2007-07-01 2008-12-31 华丰源生物科技(深圳)有限公司 Fertilizer special for tea trees
CN103232271A (en) * 2013-04-20 2013-08-07 普洱茗上品茶业有限公司 Dedicated organic fertilizer for tea trees and production method of fertilizer
CN103408383A (en) * 2013-07-03 2013-11-27 安徽程翔肥料有限公司 Special fertilizer for tea tree and preparation method thereof
CN104045401A (en) * 2014-07-03 2014-09-17 覃仁安 Special tung-oil-containing compound fertilizer for tea trees
CN107646500A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-02-02 安徽省龙成生态农业有限公司 A kind of cottage method of oil tea
CN109116884A (en) * 2018-07-19 2019-01-01 漯河市豫禾农业科技发展有限公司 A kind of seedling medium and preparation method thereof improving the yield of watermelon
CN109429852A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-03-08 陈庆秀 A kind of tea tree method for culturing seedlings

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Application publication date: 20201204