CN103449886A - Composite microbial fertilizer for paddy - Google Patents
Composite microbial fertilizer for paddy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103449886A CN103449886A CN201310421169XA CN201310421169A CN103449886A CN 103449886 A CN103449886 A CN 103449886A CN 201310421169X A CN201310421169X A CN 201310421169XA CN 201310421169 A CN201310421169 A CN 201310421169A CN 103449886 A CN103449886 A CN 103449886A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and discloses a composite microbial fertilizer for paddy. The composite microbial fertilizer for paddy disclosed by the invention is prepared from a humic acid and rare earth mixture, polyaspartic acid, a silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, an amino acid fertilizer, a nitrogen phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and fermenting organic matters. The composite microbial fertilizer for paddy disclosed by the invention not only contains reasonable nitrogen phosphorus and potassium nutrients, medium trace elements such as active silicon, magnesium and calcium required by paddy and the fermenting organic matters containing massive organic matters, and further contains substances which have physiological activity and physiological irritation such as amino acids, humic acid, rare earth and the like. Furthermore, a fertilizer synergist polyaspartic acid is added to effectively promote the paddy to absorb the nutrients and stimulate the paddy to grow, and meanwhile, the utilization rate on nitrogen phosphorus and potassium by the paddy is improved, the quality of the paddy seedlings is improved, the paddy root is developed, and the tillering amount of the paddy is improved, so that the resistance and yield of the paddy are finally improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, relate in particular to a kind of paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of main food crop, is also a kind of high-yield crop.China's rice growing area accounts for 1/4 of the food crop total area, and output approaches 1/2 of national total output of grain, so paddy rice occupies critical role in the grain-production of China.The cultivation seed rice is divided into long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice; By have sowing time and breeding time early rice, semilate rice, late rice minute; By planting type have live, seedling transplant and Herba Oryzae Reproductii minute; Divide arranged dividing of conventional variety and hybridisation rice by Cultivar; By cropping system, divide the single harvest rice is arranged, double cropping of rice.These all laborer in long-term production practice, in conjunction with local ecological condition, suit measures to local conditions to form, and tall and erect effectual rice cultivating technique system aborning.
" crops YIZHIHUA, complete in fertile main ", be a farmer and will apply fertilizer, and become general knowledge today, and using of fertilizer made huge contribution for agricultural rapid growth in recent years.In three periods before, during and after general Paddy fields is divided into by the growing process of paddy rice, refer to from transplanting to minute evil and stop early stage, and namely the vegetative growth phase of paddy rice, now take and promote effectively to divide grain and strive for that many fringes are as target; Refer to that Rice Growing has entered generative growth phase (pollen formation period) mid-term, now take and strengthen stalk and attack large fringe as target, but fertilising can not be too much; Later stage refers to that paddy rice advances the people and ears to ripe period, now take attack the grain many, the grain satisfy as main, should cannot not keep de-ly fertilizer, again can not be remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe late-maturing.The fertilizing method in three periods of above paddy rice, in fact refer to principle, theory and the target of fertilising, actual practice is got up and also will be determined as the case may be, namely to determine according to different soil and different rice varieties the number of rate of fertilizer application, namely to accomplish to suit measures to local conditions, grasp flexibly.
A lot of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer material is arranged on market, but great majority are inorganic complex fertilizer or organic-inorganic complex fertilizer, be about to nitrogen phosphorus potassium according to a certain ratio or by nitrogen phosphorus potassium and the organic fertilizer of being produced according to a certain ratio, these fertilizer only are to provide the required npk nutrient of paddy rice, can't provide comprehensive nutrition to paddy rice, make paddy rice present good growth situation, as increase tiller number, in advance tillering phase, increase root heavy, improve rice yield etc.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the invention is to, for the single defect of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer material nutrient in prior art, provide a kind of paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer, made by following weight part raw material: 0.1 part-20 parts of humic acids luciums, 0.01 part-1 part of poly aspartic acid, 0.1 part-10 parts, silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.1 part-10 parts of amino acid fertilizers, 0 part-40 parts of NPK fertilizers, organic 14 parts-97 parts of fermentation.
Preferably, described fermentation is organic preparation method cultivate and obtain culture for subtilis being added to cultivate in material, then culture accessed to the fermentation materials fermentation and obtains; Wherein, a kind of, Testa Tritici, soybean-cake flour, Semen Maydis powder, sal epsom, manganous sulfate and the water of described cultivation material in powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal forms; A kind of, fowl and animal excrement and the bran of described fermentation materials in forage or straw powder forms.
Preferably, described cultivation material is in weight part, cultivate material by 35-45 part powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal, 45-55 part Testa Tritici, 4-6 part soybean-cake flour, 4-6 part Semen Maydis powder, 0.04-0.06 part sal epsom and 0.005-0.015 part manganous sulfate formation of solid polycomplex, be equipped with the water of described solid culture material identical weight, mix.
Preferably, described cultivation is at least 1.2 * 1010/g for being cultured to the subtilis number, and the bacillus subtilis spore rate at least reaches 60%, the miscellaneous bacteria rate is less than 20%.
Preferably, described fermentation materials is comprised of fowl and animal excrement and the 10wt% bran of the forage of 20wt% or straw powder, 70wt%.
Preferably, described fermentation being for to stir culture and fermentation materials secondary fermentation 4-7 days and get final product, between yeast phase, keep the fermentation materials moisture content at 50-65%, fermentation materials height in 0.5-1.2 rice, fermentation materials temperature not higher than 70 ℃.
Preferably, described fertilizer particle diameter is 4.5-7mm.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer, for the humic acids lucium of getting 0.1 weight part-20 weight part, the poly aspartic acid of 0.01 weight part-1 weight part, the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer of 0.1 weight part-10 weight part, the amino acid fertilizer of 0.1 weight part-10 weight part, the NPK fertilizers of 0-40 weight part and the fermentation organic matter of 14 weight parts-97 weight part mix granulation and get final product.
Preferably, described particle diameter is 4.5-7mm.
The present invention also provides a kind of fermentation organic, subtilis is added to cultivate in material and cultivates and obtain culture, then culture is accessed to the fermentation materials fermentation and obtains; Wherein, a kind of, Testa Tritici, soybean-cake flour, Semen Maydis powder, sal epsom, manganous sulfate and the water of described cultivation material in powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal forms; A kind of, fowl and animal excrement and the bran of described fermentation materials in forage or straw powder forms.
Paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention is that raw material is prepared from by humic acids lucium, poly aspartic acid, silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, amino acid fertilizer, NPK fertilizers, fermentation organic matter.Paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention not only contains rational npk nutrient, the activated silica that paddy rice is required, magnesium, trace element and the fermentation organic matter that contains a large amount of organic matters in calcium etc., also contain amino acid, humic acids, rare earths etc. have the material of physiologically active and physiological stimulation effect, and added the fertilizer synergist poly aspartic acid, can effectively promote the rice absorbing nutrient, stimulate paddy growth, improve paddy rice to nitrogen phosphorus potassium utilization ratio simultaneously, improve Seedling Quality in Rice, flourishing rice root, improve the rice tillering amount, thereby finally improve resistance and the output of paddy rice.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer.Those skilled in the art can use for reference this paper content, suitably improve processing parameter and realize.Special needs to be pointed out is, all similar replacements and change apparent to those skilled in the artly, they all are deemed to be included in the present invention.Method of the present invention is described by preferred embodiment, and the related personnel obviously can be changed method as herein described or suitably change and combination within not breaking away from content of the present invention, spirit and scope, realizes and apply the technology of the present invention.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer, made by following weight part raw material: 0.1 part-20 parts of humic acids luciums, 0.01 part-1 part of poly aspartic acid, 0.1 part-10 parts, silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.1 part-10 parts of amino acid fertilizers, 0 part-40 parts of NPK fertilizers, organic 14 parts-97 parts of fermentation.
The present invention is the demand status to nutrient according to paddy rice, and humic acids lucium, poly aspartic acid, silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, amino acid fertilizer, NPK fertilizers, fermentation organic matter are mixed according to a certain ratio and make the paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer.
Wherein, the mixture that the humic acids lucium is humic acids and rare earth.Humic acids extensively is present in occurring in nature, have improvement soil increase soil organic matter and inorganic nutrients content, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, stimulating plant growth, strengthen stress resistance of plant, improve crop yield, improve the effect of crop quality.And rare earth is exactly lanthanon in the periodic table of chemical element, be called for short rare earth (RE or R).Rare earth element has certain promotion to paddy growth form, photosynthetic physiology, nutrition absorption, output and constituent element thereof.Use generation, raising paddy rice root/shoot ratio and the Flag Leaves in Rice that can effectively promote rice tillering and fall the chlorophyll content of 2 leaves and the photosynthetic rate of blade.In addition, rare earth can also be beneficial to nitrogen in stalk, phosphoric to potassium element in the transfer of seed and seed plant growth later stage backflowing to stalk.Because the rare earth consumption is less, therefore rare earth and humic acids etc. is pre-mixed, then mixes and just can mix with other raw materials.Preferably, described in humic acids lucium of the present invention, humic acids and rare earth weight ratio are 77:3.
Humic acids by sources is divided into soil rotten phytic acid and coal humic acid.Soil rotten phytic acid is inherent, is mainly the mixture that in soil, the animals and plants remains are degenerated the macromolecular organic compound that forms a class under microbial process.Coal humic acid be microorganism to plant decompose and conversion after, pass through again long-term geological chemistry effect, and the mixture of the class macromolecular organic compound formed, what it was a large amount of is present in weathered coal, brown coal, peat.In specific embodiment, described in humic acids lucium of the present invention, humic acids is coal humic acid.Wherein described humic acids is the weathered coal that Inner Mongol Huo Linhe produces in certain embodiments, wherein containing organic >=55%, humic acids content >=30%.
Described in humic acids lucium of the present invention, rare earth is agricultural rare-earth, can buy and obtain by commercial channel.Wherein described rare earth is the agricultural rare-earth that Yangling Shaanxi is produced according to agriculture agricultural science and technology company limited, wherein REO >=40% in certain embodiments.
Poly aspartic acid (PASP) belongs to the class in polyamino acid, relative molecular mass: 1000～5000, and because being subject to the effects such as microorganism, fungi, the peptide bond on its structure main chain ruptures, and final degraded product is ammonia, carbonic acid gas and the water of environmental sound.Therefore, poly aspartic acid is good, the environmentally friendly chemical of biological degradability.Poly aspartic acid as fertilizer sources synergistic agent on agricultural, be the raw material of poly aspartic acid urea, poly aspartic acid composite fertilizer and Controlled Release Fertilizer, can promote the absorption of the farm crop such as grain, vegetables, melon and fruit, flowers to nutrient, simultaneously with agricultural chemicals and with improving drug effect.Inrichment by poly aspartic acid to fertilizer nutrition, can promote the absorption of paddy rice to nutritive element, promotes the growth of rice root, increase paddy rice real grain number and number of productive ear, improve rice yield, healthy and strong rice plant, strengthen paddy rice anti contravariance, reach the well established and vigorously developing effect of improving quality.Poly aspartic acid of the present invention can be bought and obtain by commercial channel.
The crop normal growth is grown and is formed output, needs various nutrient elements, and exists the proportionlity of balance between various nutritive element.Among various nutritive elements, the more nutritive element of the amount of taking away when three kinds, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are plant requirement and results, and that their forms by stubble and root return to the quantity of soil is few.Therefore often need to supplement these nutrients in the mode of applying fertilizer.And silicon, calcium, magnesium elements have become that after nitrogen phosphorus potassium soil lacks and fourth, fifth, six large elements that crop need be supplemented.NPK fertilizers is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, can provide plant growth necessary macroelement, can supplement the required nutrient of paddy growth, promote paddy rice shoot and leaf growth, root system development, cane stalwartness, promote photosynthesis, improve paddy disease-resistant, drought resisting and cold tolerance etc.And silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer is rich in the multiple middle trace elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, zinc, boron, manganese, can provide plant growth necessary moderate-element, can supplement the required nutrient of paddy growth, promote root system development, promote photosynthate transportation and properly distributed, improve the npk nutrient utilization ratio, improve crop anti-adversity etc.
NPK fertilizers of the present invention and silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer all can be bought and obtain by commercial channel.In specific embodiment, described nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio are preferably 11:6:8.In specific embodiment, described silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer is SiO
2>=10%, the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer of CaO>=20%, MgO>=6%, the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer of as lucky as Jilin nine fertile industry companies.
Amino acid fertilizer is the fertilizer that contains the amino acids material.Amino acid fertilizer can supplement the source of organonitrogen, by paddy rice, required moderate-element and trace element (calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, boron, selenium etc.) is carried in plant materials simultaneously, improve the utilization ratio of plant to various nutrients, be beneficial to the cold-resistant drought resisting of paddy rice lifting self, hot-dry wind tolerance, disease and insect resistance, lodging tolerance.Amino acid fertilizer of the present invention also can be bought and obtain by commercial channel.In specific embodiment, the amino acid fertilizer that described amino acid fertilizer is N >=16%, Available Amino Acids >=10%, amino acid be take L-glutamic acid and Methionin as main, adds 5% in fertilizer, as the amino acid organic fertilizer of Changchun great achievement group.
Fowl and animal excrement contains a large amount of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and some trace elements, can be used as the fertilizer of high-quality for agriculture production.Yet because the fowl and animal excrement water content is high, foul smelling, and a large amount of volatilizations of ammonia cause fertilizer efficiency to reduce, and the pathogenic micro-organism in fowl and animal excrement also can threaten environment structure, therefore can't be directly as organic fertilizer application.Generally all need the fermentation of being become thoroughly decomposed, in order to make in the short period of time ight soil decrement, dehydration, utilize the temperature self produced to kill worm's ovum and pathogenic bacteria, and produce the materials such as effective nutriment in a fertilizer and soil ulmin.Fermentation of the present invention is organic is the fowl and animal excrement of fowl and animal excrement after the fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed of the fermentation process acquisition of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
As preferably, fermentation organic matter of the present invention is to process feces of livestock and poultry by the innoxious active bacteria formulation fermentation technique of using microbe to obtain, the subtilis that concrete preparation method is is CGMCC No.6190 by deposit number is added to cultivate in material and cultivates and obtain culture, then culture is accessed to the fermentation materials fermentation and obtains; Wherein, a kind of, Testa Tritici, soybean-cake flour, Semen Maydis powder, sal epsom, manganous sulfate and the water of described cultivation material in powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal forms; A kind of, fowl and animal excrement and the bran of described fermentation materials in forage or straw powder forms.
The present invention selects subtilis as the innoxious active bacteria formulation of microorganism, do filler fermentative processing feces of livestock and poultry with forage or straw powder and bran, subtilis breeds rapidly, can strongly decompose ight soil, organic substance in forage (straw powder) and bran, under the fermentation high temperature action, kill pathogens, worm's ovum, and generation mineralizes and the humus process, discharge N, P, the available nutrients such as K and trace element, subtilis can produce the non-specific immunity factor in addition, can suppress spoilage organism in harmful microorganism activity and ight soil, the growth of pathogenic bacterium and the decomposition of corrupt substance, absorb simultaneously, decompose stench and objectionable impurities.In addition, subtilis self also have promote extraneous root, take root, the function such as strong root, can also inducing plant resistance, the ectocrine such as the catalase of its generation and other ferment and enzyme all show promoter action in various degree to paddy growth.
Further, subtilis of the present invention is preferably the subtilis that deposit number is CGMCC No.6190.The subtilis that described deposit number is CGMCC No.6190 obtains called after bacillus subtilis strain HY01 by subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) sudden change of wild-type, on June 6th, 2012, be deposited in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, address is No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City, Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, deposit number is CGMCC No.6190.Bacillus subtilis strain HY01 is stronger than the subtilis activity of wild-type, and under the same terms, quantity is also more, and the ability that produces various ectocrine also gets a promotion with amount, wherein catalase and ability provide high.These materials have fresh weight and the dry weight that increases rice plant; improve the content of rice chlorophyll, improve its protective enzyme activity, and by improving the paddy rice adaptability of environment to external world; improve the resistance such as it is cold-resistant, drought resisting, disease and insect resistance, promote it to grow better.
As preferably, described cultivation material is in weight part, cultivate material by 35-45 part powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal, 45-55 part Testa Tritici, 4-6 part soybean-cake flour, 4-6 part Semen Maydis powder, 0.04-0.06 part sal epsom and 0.005-0.015 part manganous sulfate formation of solid polycomplex, be equipped with the water of described solid culture material identical weight, mix.
Further, the pH value of described cultivation material is preferably 7.0-7.2.In specific embodiment, the preparation method of described cultivation material is for making the solid culture material by 35-45 weight part powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal, 45-55 weight part Testa Tritici, 4-6 weight part soybean-cake flour, 4-6 weight part Semen Maydis powder, 0.04-0.06 weight part sal epsom and the mixing of 0.005-0.015 weight part manganous sulfate, add the water of solid culture material identical weight to mix, the sterilizing of tunnel type micro wave sterilizer, with alkaline matter adjust pHs such as calcium hydroxides to 7.0-7.2 and get final product.
As preferably, described cultivation is at least 1.2 * 1010/g for being cultured to the subtilis number, and the bacillus subtilis spore rate at least reaches 60%, the miscellaneous bacteria rate is less than 20%.
As preferably, described fermentation materials is comprised of fowl and animal excrement and the 10wt% bran of the forage of 20wt% or straw powder, 70wt%.
Further, described fermentation being for to stir culture and fermentation materials secondary fermentation 4-7 days and get final product, wherein between yeast phase, keep the fermentation materials moisture content at 50-65%, fermentation materials height in 0.5-1.2 rice, fermentation materials temperature not higher than 70 ℃.In specific embodiment, described fermentation is specially and adds water and make fermentation materials keep moisture at 50-65%, to be that hand is pinched agglomerating, unclamp i.e. loose state, pile in fermenter and keep height of materials 0.5-1.2 rice, fermentation 4-7 days, wherein be raised to 60 while spending, the beginning turning when the fermentation materials temperature between yeast phase, control temperature and be no more than 70 degree, the turning number of times is depending on the stockpile temperature.The material puffy fermented, be chocolate, slightly fragrance or Earthy Taste.
Wherein, the fowl and animal excrement in described fermentation materials can, for common fowl and animal excrements such as cow dung, chicken manure, duck excrement, pig manure, deer excrement, can be selected one or more.Be chicken manure in certain embodiments.
Further, the particle diameter of paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention is preferably 4.5-7mm.4.5-7mm the paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer specific surface of particle diameter is less, the rear dissolution rate that is manured into soil is slower, and simple grain is heavy larger, uses in paddy field and can sink under darker soil, reduces volatilization loss, improves paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer fertilizer efficiency.Paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer due to described 4.5-7mm particle diameter can sink under darker soil simultaneously, and the release rate of its mineral nitrogen that slowed down reduces greenhouse gases N thereby reduced denitrifying generation
2the discharge of O, effectively environmental contamination reduction.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer, and the fermentation organic matter of the NPK fertilizers of the amino acid fertilizer of the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer of the poly aspartic acid of the humic acids lucium of 0.1 weight part-20 weight part, 0.01 weight part-1 weight part, 0.1 weight part-10 weight part, 0.1 weight part-10 weight part, 0-40 weight part and 14 weight parts-97 weight part is mixed to granulation and get final product.
Preferably, described particle diameter is 4.5-7mm.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of fermentation organic, and soon subtilis is added to cultivate in material and cultivates and obtain culture, then culture is accessed to the fermentation materials fermentation and obtains; Wherein, a kind of, Testa Tritici, soybean-cake flour, Semen Maydis powder, sal epsom, manganous sulfate and the water of described cultivation material in powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal forms; A kind of, fowl and animal excrement and the bran of described fermentation materials in forage or straw powder forms.
Further, subtilis of the present invention is preferably the subtilis that deposit number is CGMCC No.6190.
As preferably, described cultivation material is in weight part, cultivate material by 35-45 part powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal, 45-55 part Testa Tritici, 4-6 part soybean-cake flour, 4-6 part Semen Maydis powder, 0.04-0.06 part sal epsom and 0.005-0.015 part manganous sulfate formation of solid polycomplex, be equipped with the water of described solid culture material identical weight, mix.
As preferably, described fermentation materials is comprised of fowl and animal excrement and the 10wt% bran of the forage of 20wt% or straw powder, 70wt%.
A kind of paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention is that raw material is prepared from by humic acids lucium, poly aspartic acid, silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, amino acid fertilizer, NPK fertilizers, fermentation organic matter.Paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention not only contains rational npk nutrient, the activated silica that paddy rice is required, magnesium, trace element and the fermentation organic matter that contains a large amount of organic matters in calcium etc., also contain amino acid, humic acids, rare earths etc. have the material of physiologically active and physiological stimulation effect, and added the fertilizer synergist poly aspartic acid, can effectively promote the rice absorbing nutrient, stimulate paddy growth, improve paddy rice to nitrogen phosphorus potassium utilization ratio simultaneously, improve Seedling Quality in Rice, flourishing rice root, improve the rice tillering amount, thereby finally improve resistance and the output of paddy rice.
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1: fermentation of the present invention is organic
Cultivate material: 35 parts of powdered rice hulls, 45 parts of Testa Triticis, 4 parts of soybean-cake flours, 4 portions of Semen Maydis powder, 0.04 part of sal epsom and 0.005 part of manganous sulfate are mixed and made into the solid culture material, the water that adds solid culture material identical weight, the tunnel type micro wave sterilizing, regulating the pH value with calcium hydroxide is 7.0-7.2.
Fermentation materials: fowl and animal excrement and 10wt% bran by the forage of 20wt% or straw powder, 70wt% form.
The wild-type subtilis is added to cultivate is cultured to the subtilis number in material and is at least 1.2 * 1010/g, and the bacillus subtilis spore rate at least reaches 60%, the miscellaneous bacteria rate is less than 20%, obtains culture; Then culture is accessed in fermentation materials the stir secondary fermentation 5 days and get final product of culture and fermentation materials, between yeast phase, keep the fermentation materials moisture content at 50-65%, fermentation materials height in 0.5-1.2 rice, fermentation materials temperature not higher than 70 ℃.The material puffy fermented, be chocolate, slightly fragrance or Earthy Taste.
Embodiment 2: fermentation of the present invention is organic
Cultivate material: 45 parts of powdered rice hulls, 55 parts of Testa Triticis, 6 parts of soybean-cake flours, 6 portions of Semen Maydis powder, 0.06 part of sal epsom and 0.015 part of manganous sulfate are mixed and made into the solid culture material, the water that adds solid culture material identical weight, the tunnel type micro wave sterilizing, regulating the pH value with calcium hydroxide is 7.0-7.2.
Fermentation materials: fowl and animal excrement and 10wt% bran by the forage of 20wt% or straw powder, 70wt% form.
The wild-type subtilis is added to cultivate is cultured to the subtilis number in material and is at least 1.2 * 1010/g, and the bacillus subtilis spore rate at least reaches 60%, the miscellaneous bacteria rate is less than 20%, obtains culture; Then culture is accessed in fermentation materials and to make fermentation materials keep moisture at 50-65% culture and the fermentation materials Hou Jiashui that stirs, to be that hand is pinched agglomerating, unclamp i.e. loose state, pile in fermenter and keep height of materials 0.5-1.2 rice, ferment 7 days, wherein between yeast phase, be raised to 60 while spending when the fermentation materials temperature, start turning, control temperature and be no more than 70 degree, the turning number of times is depending on the stockpile temperature.The material puffy fermented, be chocolate, slightly fragrance or Earthy Taste.
Embodiment 3: fermentation of the present invention is organic
Cultivate material: 40 parts of powdered rice hulls, 50 parts of Testa Triticis, 5 parts of soybean-cake flours, 5 portions of Semen Maydis powder, 0.05 part of sal epsom and 0.01 part of manganous sulfate are mixed and made into the solid culture material, the water that adds solid culture material identical weight, the tunnel type micro wave sterilizing, regulating the pH value with calcium hydroxide is 7.0-7.2.
Fermentation materials: fowl and animal excrement and 10wt% bran by the forage of 20wt% or straw powder, 70wt% form.
The subtilis that is CGMCC No.6190 by deposit number is added to cultivate and is cultured to the subtilis number in material and is at least 1.2 * 1010/g, and the bacillus subtilis spore rate at least reaches 60%, the miscellaneous bacteria rate is less than 20%, obtains culture; Then culture is accessed in fermentation materials and to make fermentation materials keep moisture at 50-65% culture and the fermentation materials Hou Jiashui that stirs, to be that hand is pinched agglomerating, unclamp i.e. loose state, pile in fermenter and keep height of materials 0.5-1.2 rice, ferment 4 days, wherein between yeast phase, be raised to 60 while spending when the fermentation materials temperature, start turning, control temperature and be no more than 70 degree, the turning number of times is depending on the stockpile temperature.The material puffy fermented, be chocolate, slightly fragrance or Earthy Taste.
Embodiment 4: paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention
The fermentation organic matter that the embodiment 1 of the NPK fertilizers of the amino acid fertilizer of the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer of the poly aspartic acid of the humic acids lucium of 0.1 weight part, 1 weight part, 0.1 weight part, 10 weight parts, 5 weight parts and 83.7 weight parts is made mixes, granulation, cryodrying, cooling rear screening, collect the particle of 2-4.75mm particle diameter, pack and get final product.
Embodiment 5: paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention
The fermentation organic matter that the embodiment 2 of the NPK fertilizers of the amino acid fertilizer of the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer of the poly aspartic acid of the humic acids lucium of 20 weight parts, 0.01 weight part, 10 weight parts, 0.1 weight part, 40 weight parts and 29.9 weight parts is made mixes, granulation, cryodrying, cooling rear screening, collect the particle of 4.5-7mm particle diameter, pack and get final product.
Embodiment 6: paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention
The fermentation organic matter that the embodiment 3 of the NPK fertilizers of the amino acid fertilizer of the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer of the poly aspartic acid of the humic acids lucium of 10 weight parts, 0.5 weight part, 5 weight parts, 5 weight parts, 20 weight parts and 59.5 weight parts is made mixes, granulation, cryodrying, cooling rear screening, collect the particle of 4.5-7mm particle diameter, pack and get final product.
Embodiment 7: the paddy growth simultaneous test
1, materials and methods:
Test is carried out in the Changchun gold is educated agricultural science and technology institute laboratory, by plastic channel, carries out cultivation experiments, each groove 1.0*1.0*0.6 rice.Experimental cultivar: imperial Japonica 26.
4 processing are established in this test, repeat for three times.Process 1: the paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer that the embodiment of the present invention 4 prepares, 0.15 kilogram/square metre, total nutrient 25%; Process 2: the paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer that the embodiment of the present invention 5 prepares, 0.15 kilogram/square metre, total nutrient 25%; Process 3: the paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer that the embodiment of the present invention 6 prepares, 0.15 kilogram/square metre, total nutrient 25%; Process 4:CK mineral manure, 0.15 kilogram/square metre.
Record period of seedling establishment, tillering phase, plant height, leaf look, root amount, available tillering and the rice disease of the rice seedling of different treatment.
2, results and analysis
2.1 the test of the sedimentation depth in different-grain diameter fertilizer paddy field.The situation of two interior simulated paddy fields of Thoughs, the free-water on surface slowly bleeds off, expose the muddy water mixing portion, be sprinkled into respectively the fertilizer of different-grain diameter, obtain after tested, macrobead paddy rice fertile (the paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer that the embodiment of the present invention 5 prepares, particle diameter 4.5-7.0 millimeter) can on average go deep into 0.5-1.0 centimetre in muddy water than the fertilizer of GB granulated fertilizer (the paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer that the embodiment of the present invention 4 prepares, particle diameter 2.0-4.75 millimeter).
2.2 Rice Growing process investigation
Period of seedling establishment, the tillering phase of the rice seedling of statistics different treatment, the results are shown in Table 1
Table 1 Rice Growing process questionnaire
| ? | Transplanting date (month/day) | Period of seedling establishment (month/day) | Tillering phase (month/day) |
| Process 1 | 4/20 | 4/29 | 5/12 |
| Process 2 | 4/20 | 4/29 | 5/12 |
| Process 3 | 4/20 | 4/29 | 5/12 |
| Process 4 | 4/20 | 4/30 | 5/14 |
Can be found out by table 1 data, process 1, process 2 identically with 3 times of turning green of processing, all process 41 day in advance, process 1, process 2 and process on year-on-year basis mutually 33 tillering phase and shift to an earlier date 2 days with processing.
2.3 rice seedling investigation
Plant height, leaf look, root amount, available tillering and the rice disease of the rice seedling of statistics different treatment.
The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 rice seedling questionnaire
By table 2 data, can be found out, process 1, process 2 and process 3 Rice Leaf look darker than processing 4, process 2 plant height, root dry weight, individual plant effective tillering, 0.06 gram 1 higher 1.6 centimetres than processing, 0.8 respectively,, 0.19 gram 4 higher 8.6 centimetres than processing, 1.7.Process 3 results and process 2 similarly, plant height, root dry weight, individual plant effective tillering be, 0.07 gram 1 higher 1.8 centimetres than processing, 0.9 respectively,, 0.20 gram 4 higher 8.8 centimetres than processing, 1.8.
Investigation and analysis by the series of experiments volume to the experiment rice shoot, showing to use the paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of processing 1 uses other mineral manure and not only can promote that paddy rice turns green in advance, tillers, and plant height, the root dry weight of raising paddy rice, improve the tiller number of paddy rice, thereby improve by a relatively large margin the output of paddy rice.Process 1 and compare with other processing, in the situation of identical output, can reduce fertilizer amount.The macrobead paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention (particle diameter 4.5-7.0 millimeter) of processing 2 and processing 3 is used common particle diameter paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention (particle diameter 4.5-7.0 millimeter) and not only can be promoted that paddy rice turns green in advance, tillers, and plant height, the root dry weight of raising paddy rice, improve the tiller number of paddy rice, thereby improve by a relatively large margin the output of paddy rice.Process 2 and compare with processing 1 with processing 3, in the situation of identical output, can reduce fertilizer amount.Though disease does not occur in experimentation, but dark, dry weight that the paddy rice of using the macrobead paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention of processing 2 and processing 3 is pricked than the rice root of other processing due to its root weigh, the stalk stem is thick, and disease resistance can be improved to some extent.
The explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer, it is characterized in that, made by following weight part raw material: 0.1 part-20 parts of humic acids luciums, 0.01 part-1 part of poly aspartic acid, 0.1 part-10 parts, silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.1 part-10 parts of amino acid fertilizers, 0 part-40 parts of NPK fertilizers, organic 14 parts-97 parts of fermentation.
2. paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fermentation is organic preparation method cultivate and obtain culture for subtilis being added to cultivate in material, then culture accessed to the fermentation materials fermentation and obtains; Wherein, a kind of, Testa Tritici, soybean-cake flour, Semen Maydis powder, sal epsom, manganous sulfate and the water of described cultivation material in powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal forms; A kind of, fowl and animal excrement and the bran of described fermentation materials in forage or straw powder forms.
3. paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described cultivation material is in weight part, cultivate material by 35-45 part powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal, 45-55 part Testa Tritici, 4-6 part soybean-cake flour, 4-6 part Semen Maydis powder, 0.04-0.06 part sal epsom and 0.005-0.015 part manganous sulfate formation of solid polycomplex, be equipped with the water of described solid culture material identical weight, mix.
4. paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described cultivation is at least 1.2 * 1010/g for being cultured to the subtilis number, and the bacillus subtilis spore rate at least reaches 60%, the miscellaneous bacteria rate is less than 20%.
5. paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described fermentation materials is comprised of fowl and animal excrement and the 10wt% bran of the forage of 20wt% or straw powder, 70wt%.
6. paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described fermentation being for to stir culture and fermentation materials secondary fermentation 4-7 days and get final product, between yeast phase, keep the fermentation materials moisture content at 50-65%, fermentation materials height in 0.5-1.2 rice, fermentation materials temperature not higher than 70 ℃.
7. paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fertilizer particle diameter is 4.5-7mm.
8. the preparation method of a paddy rice composite microbiological fertilizer, it is characterized in that, the amino acid fertilizer of the poly aspartic acid of the humic acids lucium of 0.1 weight part-20 weight part, 0.01 weight part-1 weight part, the silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer of 0.1 weight part-10 weight part, 0.1 weight part-10 weight part, the NPK fertilizers of 0-40 weight part and the fermentation organic matter of 14 weight parts-97 weight part mix granulation and get final product.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described particle diameter is 4.5-7mm.
10. a fermentation is organic, it is characterized in that, subtilis is added to cultivate in material and cultivates and obtain culture, then culture is accessed to the fermentation materials fermentation and obtains; Wherein, a kind of, Testa Tritici, soybean-cake flour, Semen Maydis powder, sal epsom, manganous sulfate and the water of described cultivation material in powdered rice hulls or peanut hull meal forms; A kind of, fowl and animal excrement and the bran of described fermentation materials in forage or straw powder forms.
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