CN110915605A - Preparation method of universal plant planting nutrient medium - Google Patents
Preparation method of universal plant planting nutrient medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110915605A CN110915605A CN201911185212.0A CN201911185212A CN110915605A CN 110915605 A CN110915605 A CN 110915605A CN 201911185212 A CN201911185212 A CN 201911185212A CN 110915605 A CN110915605 A CN 110915605A
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- nutrient medium
- compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a preparation method of a universal plant planting nutrient medium, which sequentially comprises the following steps: s1, mixing the garden litter with turf according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and then fully crushing; s2, adding water into the crushed material to keep the water content of the material at 40-60%, and adding urea to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material to be 25: 1-30: 1; s3, uniformly adding high-activity EM compost fermentation microbial inoculum and bacillus subtilis which account for 1% of the mass of the materials, and carrying out material pretreatment while keeping ventilation and oxygen supply; s4 fermentation treatment; s5 sequentially adding perlite, vermiculite, organic fertilizer, garden soil, potassium humate, amino acid, potassium indolebutyrate and sodium naphthylacetate into the obtained compost substrate, and uniformly stirring after adding to obtain the culture substrate. The invention has the advantage that the environment-friendly functional general culture medium is produced by using the raw turf matrix, the garden litter and other regeneration matrixes as raw materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nutrient medium, in particular to a preparation method of a universal plant planting nutrient medium.
Background
In the garden plant transplanting process, due to the change of the tree planting environment, the root system of the tree is easy to damage, and under the condition that the difference between the soil environment in the transplanting hole and the soil environment for transplanting the soil ball is large, the seedling reviving and seedling hardening time of the tree is prolonged, and the phenomena of death and seedling death can occur even in serious conditions. By spreading the planting matrix in the planting hole, the physicochemical property of the soil in the planting hole can be improved, the growth environment of the tree is optimized, and the seedling recovering time of the stiff seedlings of the tree is reduced.
The existing culture medium has no unified guide standard, most of the existing culture medium is produced by mixing native turfy soil with planting soil, and some enterprises also utilize the resource advantages of the locations to ferment and produce regenerated medium by using organic wastes such as domestic sludge, straws, mushroom residues and the like nearby. The primary matrix has high humification degree, the humic acid organic matter resource is rich, but the nutrient content and the biological activity are lower, although the raw material of the regeneration matrix is easy to obtain, the fermentation is often carried out with more mixed bacteria, and the humification degree is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a universal plant planting nutrient medium, which adopts a comprehensive fermentation process and a biochemical regulation and control technology, utilizes garden organic litter resources to combine with primary medium materials to produce the universal planting medium on the basis, reasonably utilizes organic waste resources, and ensures the characteristics of high activity, less mixed bacteria and high humification of the produced medium.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
The embodiment of the application discloses a preparation method of a universal plant planting nutrient medium, which sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the garden litter with turf according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and then fully crushing;
s2, adding water into the crushed material to keep the water content of the material at 40-60%, and adding urea to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material to be 25: 1-30: 1;
s3, uniformly adding high-activity EM compost fermentation microbial inoculum and bacillus subtilis which account for 1% of the mass of the materials, and carrying out material pretreatment while keeping ventilation and oxygen supply;
s4, performing fermentation treatment, turning when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, keeping the fermentation temperature at 50-60 ℃, and obtaining compost substrate after the fermentation is finished when the compost temperature is reduced to normal temperature and does not rise any more;
s5 sequentially adding perlite, vermiculite, organic fertilizer, garden soil, potassium humate, amino acid, potassium indolebutyrate and sodium naphthylacetate into the obtained compost substrate, and uniformly stirring after adding to obtain the culture substrate.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the universal plant cultivation nutrient medium, in step S5, the raw materials are added according to the following mass percentages: 20-40% of garden soil, 3-5% of organic fertilizer, 2-4% of perlite, 2-4% of vermiculite, 0.04-0.2% of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.2-1% of sodium naphthalene acetate, 0.1-0.5% of potassium humate, 0.05-1% of amino acid and the balance of the compost matrix.
Preferably, in the above method for preparing a general plant cultivation nutrient medium, in step S1, the garden litter includes one or more of branches, fallen leaves, bark, wood chips, and weeds.
Preferably, in the above preparation method of the universal plant cultivation nutrient medium, in step S1, the material is pulverized to have a particle size of 1-2 cm.
Preferably, in the above preparation method of the general plant cultivation nutrient medium, in step S3, the content of the high-activity EM compost fermentation inoculum is 1000 hundred million/g.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the universal plant planting nutrient medium, in step S4, the water content of the material is kept at 40-60%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25: 1-30: 1.
Preferably, in the above general method for preparing a plant cultivation nutrient medium, in step S4, the height of the compost is maintained at 60-80cm, the compost is stacked in a trapezoid, the width of the bottom is maintained at 2-2.5m, and the width of the top is maintained at 1-1.5m during fermentation of the mixed material.
Preferably, in the above method for preparing a universal plant cultivation nutrient medium, the volume weight of the cultivation medium is 0.2-0.8g/cm3The total porosity is 70-80%, the organic matter is 50-80%, the cation exchange capacity is 20-80cmol/kg, the conductivity is less than 2.5ms/cm, the pH is 5-7, the water content is less than 40%, the hydrolyzable nitrogen is 400-2000mg/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus is 100-600mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium is 100-600 mg/kg.
The invention relates to a general plant planting nutrient medium developed for greening planting, which utilizes a primary turf medium, garden litter and other regeneration media as raw materials, utilizes EM microbial inoculum for fermentation, reasonably supplements mineral nutrients and plant growth regulators, and produces a functional general cultivation medium with safe environment. On one hand, changing waste into valuables, reducing the environmental pollution of the garden litter, and on the other hand, also improving the economic benefit.
Detailed Description
Technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the following, 3 sets of embodiments of the present invention and 2 sets of comparative examples will be used for illustrative purposes,
examples 1-3 were prepared as follows:
s1 raw material treatment: mixing the garden litter and turf according to a mass ratio of 1:1, and then fully crushing, wherein the particle size of the crushed material is 1-2cm, and the garden litter comprises one or more of branches, fallen leaves, barks, wood chips and weeds;
s2 fermentation environment regulation: the proper water content of the substrate is beneficial to growth and propagation of microorganisms, the water content of the material is kept to be 40-60% by adding water into the crushed material, the reasonable carbon-nitrogen ratio is beneficial to the microorganisms to decompose organic matters and maintain the metabolism of the microorganisms, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material is adjusted to be 25: 1-30: 1 by adding urea;
s3 inoculation treatment: uniformly adding high-activity EM compost fermentation microbial inoculum and bacillus subtilis with the mass of 1% of the materials, performing material pretreatment, keeping ventilation and oxygen supply during the material pretreatment, keeping the water content of the materials at 40-60%, keeping the carbon-nitrogen ratio at 25: 1-30: 1, keeping the compost height at 60-80cm during the fermentation of the mixed materials, piling the compost in a trapezoid shape, keeping the bottom width at 2-2.5m, keeping the top width at 1-1.5m, and keeping the content of the high-activity EM compost fermentation microbial inoculum at 1000 hundred million/g;
s4 fermentation treatment: turning when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, keeping the fermentation temperature at 50-60 ℃, and when the composting temperature is reduced to normal temperature and does not rise any more, obtaining compost substrate after the fermentation is finished;
s5 physicochemical property regulation: sequentially adding perlite, vermiculite, organic fertilizer, garden soil, potassium humate, amino acid, potassium indolebutyrate and sodium naphthylacetate into the obtained compost substrate, stirring uniformly after adding, and adding the raw materials according to the following mass percentages: 20-40% of garden soil, 3-5% of organic fertilizer, 2-4% of perlite, 2-4% of vermiculite, 0.04-0.2% of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.2-1% of sodium naphthalene acetate, 0.1-0.5% of potassium humate, 0.05-1% of amino acid and the balance of compost matrix to obtain the culture matrix, wherein the physical and chemical property indexes of the culture matrix in the embodiment 1-3 are shown in the following table:
the comparative example 1 adopts organic fertilizer products which are purchased in the market and meet the standards of the ministry of agriculture, the comparative example 2 adopts blank control, namely no culture medium or organic fertilizer is applied, 3 repetitions are set for each experimental treatment, and 10 3-year-old osmanthus fragrans trees with uniform growth vigor are selected as cultivation objects for each repetition.
In the experiment, during the transplanting period of the osmanthus fragrans trees in 3 months, the cultivation medium and the organic fertilizer are equivalently placed into cultivation tree holes, 10kg of products are placed into each cultivation tree hole, the fertilizer is guaranteed to be uniform in the fertilizing process, planting soil with twice weight is coated after the fertilizer is spread, then transplanting tree seedling soil balls are placed, and rooting water is poured. After transplanting, observing and recording the growth condition of the osmanthus trees at intervals of 3, 7, 1 and 3 months, and collecting soil samples for assay analysis.
The results are as follows:
from the above table, it can be seen that, when the planting substrate of the embodiment is applied to culture the osmanthus fragrans, the survival rate, the tree growth vigor and the rhizosphere soil environment state of the osmanthus fragrans are all significantly higher than those of the control.
Through a plurality of tests, the matrix adopting the technical scheme has the main characteristics that:
1. the garden withering and falling waste and raw substrate raw materials such as turf and the like are comprehensively fermented and are compounded and regulated.
2. The universal plant planting nutrient medium improves the survival rate of transplanted trees by more than 98 percent.
3. Improving the soil environment of the planting hole and increasing the organic matter content of the soil by 5-10 percent.
4. The growth vigor of the trees is increased, and the plant height is increased by 5-10% compared with that of the conventional planting.
The present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the patent is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the universal plant planting nutrient medium is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of:
s1, mixing the garden litter with turf according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and then fully crushing;
s2, adding water into the crushed material to keep the water content of the material at 40-60%, and adding urea to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material to be 25: 1-30: 1;
s3, uniformly adding high-activity EM compost fermentation microbial inoculum and bacillus subtilis which account for 1% of the mass of the materials, and carrying out material pretreatment while keeping ventilation and oxygen supply;
s4, performing fermentation treatment, turning when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, keeping the fermentation temperature at 50-60 ℃, and obtaining compost substrate after the fermentation is finished when the compost temperature is reduced to normal temperature and does not rise any more;
s5 sequentially adding perlite, vermiculite, organic fertilizer, garden soil, potassium humate, amino acid, potassium indolebutyrate and sodium naphthylacetate into the obtained compost substrate, and uniformly stirring after adding to obtain the culture substrate.
2. The preparation method of the universal plant cultivation nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the raw materials are added according to the following mass percentages: 20-40% of garden soil, 3-5% of organic fertilizer, 2-4% of perlite, 2-4% of vermiculite, 0.04-0.2% of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.2-1% of sodium naphthalene acetate, 0.1-0.5% of potassium humate, 0.05-1% of amino acid and the balance of the compost matrix.
3. The method for preparing a universal plant cultivation nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the garden litter comprises one or more of branches, fallen leaves, bark, wood chips, and weeds in step S1.
4. The method for preparing a universal plant cultivation nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the material is pulverized to have a particle size of 1-2 cm.
5. The method for preparing the universal plant cultivation nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the content of the high-activity EM compost fermentation inoculum is 1000 hundred million/g.
6. The preparation method of the universal plant cultivation nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the water content of the material is kept at 40-60%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25: 1-30: 1.
7. The method for preparing a versatile plant cultivation nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the height of compost is maintained at 60-80cm, the compost is stacked in trapezoid shape, the width of bottom is maintained at 2-2.5m, and the width of top is maintained at 1-1.5m during fermentation of the mixed materials.
8. The method for preparing a universal plant cultivation nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation medium has a volume weight of 0.2-0.8g/cm3The total porosity is 70-80%, the organic matter is 50-80%, the cation exchange capacity is 20-80cmol/kg, the conductivity is less than 2.5ms/cm, the pH is 5-7, the water content is less than 40%, the hydrolyzable nitrogen is 400-2000mg/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus is 100-600mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium is 100-600 mg/kg.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112136648A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-29 | 湖南尚佳绿色环境有限公司 | Plant cultivation substrate and application |
CN112616539A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-09 | 美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Method for shortening seedling transplanting and revival stage of seedlings |
CN114956875A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-08-30 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | Method for preparing crop matrix master batch by using waste tree wood |
CN115530046A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-30 | 宁夏百新农业科技发展有限公司 | Functional nutrient slow-release matrix based on garden waste and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112136648A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-29 | 湖南尚佳绿色环境有限公司 | Plant cultivation substrate and application |
CN112616539A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-09 | 美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Method for shortening seedling transplanting and revival stage of seedlings |
CN114956875A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-08-30 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | Method for preparing crop matrix master batch by using waste tree wood |
CN115530046A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-30 | 宁夏百新农业科技发展有限公司 | Functional nutrient slow-release matrix based on garden waste and preparation method thereof |
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