CN103718835A - Cultivation method for increasing survival rate of camellias - Google Patents
Cultivation method for increasing survival rate of camellias Download PDFInfo
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- CN103718835A CN103718835A CN201310731099.8A CN201310731099A CN103718835A CN 103718835 A CN103718835 A CN 103718835A CN 201310731099 A CN201310731099 A CN 201310731099A CN 103718835 A CN103718835 A CN 103718835A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for increasing survival rate of camellias. The cultivation method is characterized by including collecting normally growing stumps without serious surface bark injury, wherein root systems flourish, the age of trees is 5-20 years and the ground diameter is 5-8 centimeters; selecting loam for planting, and selecting one-year green branches which are positioned on the upper-middle portions of variety crowns, have plump leaf buds, and are free of pest and disease damage and uniform in thickness; performing cut-grafting, side-grafting or bark-grafting; after buds of newly-planted stumps grow to 10-20cm and leaves darken, applying a dilute rich water solution once every 10 days, and applying 60 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer from the first ten-day period of March to the beginning of April; from the middle ten days of May to the beginning of June, applying 50 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of potash fertilizer and 10 parts of farmyard manure; not applying fertilizer from June to the middle ten days of September, applying 40 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 15 parts of potash fertilizer from the last ten-day period of September to the first ten-day period of October, and applying 20 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 7 parts of farmyard manure in November; keeping the temperature at 10-25 DEG C. By the cultivation method, the survival rate of the camellias is increased, flowering phase of the camellias is lengthened, and ornamental quality of the camellias is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultivation method, relate in particular to a kind of cultivation method that improves camellia survival rate.
Background technology
The shrub that camellia Pittosporum is evergreen or arbor, life-span is longer, strong adaptability, cultivation history is long, like warm, moistening and half cloudy environment, be afraid of high temperature, avoid burning sun, requirement in temperature and humidity is higher, adequate moisture is sufficient, environment with the humid air, avoid dry, belong to half heliophobous plant, be suitable under scattered light and grow, be afraid of that direct light is exposed to the sun, the summer and autumn of high temperature and drought, the the viewing and admiring quality and just can be greatly affected of camellia, the seedling of camellia need be shaded, but shelter from heat or light for a long time, be unfavorable for the growth of camellia, the survival rate of camellia is low, in prior art, complicated operation, expend energy on is many.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention improves camellia survival rate, simple to operate.
For achieving the above object, a kind of cultivation method that improves camellia survival rate the present invention relates to, is characterized in that,
(1) collection of stub plantation, stub is grown normal, there is no serious epidermis injury, well developed root system, the age of tree is 5-20, leading thread is 5-8 centimetre;
(2) soil is selected, loam class soil;
(3) scion, selects kind tree crown middle and upper part, the full growth without damage by disease and insect even thickness of leaf bud the raw branch of 1 year;
(4) grafting, adopts cut-grafting, side grafting or draws 3 kinds of grafting methods of bark graft to carry out grafting;
(5) shelter from heat or light, the camellia stub of new field planting shelter from heat or light to the screening of sunlight except rate be 70%-75%;
(6) maintain the temperature at 10-25 degree;
(7) rich water quality management, the stub of new field planting, when sprouting grows to 10-20cm, was executed once thin rich water solution every 10 days after leaf look deepens, at the beginning of early March to 4 month, 60 parts of nitrogen fertilizer applications; At the beginning of mid-May to 6 month, execute 50 parts, phosphorus, 20 parts of potassium applications, in conjunction with the farmyard manure of 10 parts; Do not apply fertilizer June to mid-September, and late September to early October is executed 40 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 15 parts, potash fertilizer, enter November after fertilizing amount be reduced to 20 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 7 parts of farmyard manures.
Preferably, described stub selects kind for spending oil tea or high mountain safflower oil tea in vain.
Preferably, the acquisition time of described stub the first tenday period of a month in December to next year by the end of February, transplanting period in the first tenday period of a month in May to completing by the end of June, stub branch 4-5, the limb that 2-3 centimetre is thick.
Preferably, before described stub plantation, with tpn or topsin, tree body is carried out to pasteurised completely, with root-inducing powder or plant growth promoter, root is sprayed, coats milky white adhesive simultaneously, stub before field planting with 800-1000 doubly 75% tpn to native ball pasteurised completely.
Preferably, the described stub field planting hole degree of depth is no more than 30 centimeters, and bright stone or the fine sand of 10-15 centimetre filled out in bottom, and when described stub tree is planted bag plantation, the compost of 20-25 centimetre is filled out in bottom, coordinates root-rot disinfectant to water sufficient normal root water after field planting.
Preferably, the lignified branch of described grafting is at the lunar calendar by the end of November to mid-February next year, and the branch of semi-lignified is in late May to grafting mid-July, and grafting at night temperature is not less than 10 degree, and daytime is higher than 16 degree; Under greenhouse experiment in 3-9 month grafting.
Preferably, in the soil of described field planting stub, add 20-30% humus or burn soil and regulate.
The cultivation method of raising camellia survival rate of the present invention has following beneficial effect: because the survival rate of camellia is lower, requiring of growth is high, the proterties of selecting loam class soil between sandy soil class and clay tired between, soil property pine is carefully moderate, preserve moisture and fertility is good, soil structure is good, be convenient to farming organic matter and natural nutrient abundant, Acidity of Aikalinity is moderate, should plant camellia, can reduce the generation of the symptom such as root rot and algae pinta, can promote that the survival rate of camellia is suitable, age of tree 5-20, leading thread is 5-8 centimetre, trees are healthy and strong, recovery capability is strong, is difficult for being destroyed by sick worm, selects other mountain growth of tea plant of comparing of spending oil tea and high mountain safflower oil tea in vain to require lower, growth is fast, the stub of new plantation due to removed most of limb transpiration a little less than, the supply of moisture is less, remains on 10-25 degree stub and can recover rapidly growth, excavate with transportation in trees must be subject to destruction in various degree, stub before field planting with 800-1000 doubly 75% tpn to native ball pasteurised completely, and coat the healing that milky white adhesive can be accelerated wound, prevent from setting body moisture and run off and cause dehydration and courses of infection by wound, improve the survival rate of trees, the first tenday period of a month in May, moisture was sufficient to weather is nice and cool by the end of June, and temperature trees surviving rate between 10-25 degree is high, be applicable to quick growth of plant, stub retains branch 4-5, limb 2-3 centimetre, can meet the aesthetic feeling of viewing and admiring, reduce the evaporation of moisture, guarantee the supply of normal nutrient and moisture, need not at the required nutrient of different times, at the beginning of early March to 4 month, trees are in embryo just, execute the nitrogenous fertilizer of 60 parts, be conducive to for camellia supplements nutrient, promote the growth of camellia to grow, at the beginning of mid-May to 6 month, will carry out element task this period for the regulation and control at camellia florescence, executes 50 parts, phosphorus, 20 parts of potassium applications, in conjunction with the farmyard manure of 10 parts, in process of growth, potash fertilizer can better be grown by crop by favourable raising crop lodging tolerance, do not apply fertilizer June to mid-September, temperature is higher during this period of time, belonging to camellia grows resting stage, late September to early October is executed 40 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 15 parts, potash fertilizer, the nutrient of consolidating camellia is the standby required nutriment in the period of blooming of depositing of camellia, after entering November, fertilizing amount is reduced to 20 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 7 parts of farmyard manures, this period formal camellia dormancy period, substantially stop growing, the bud in this period is more obvious, some kinds start to occur flower, this fertilization mode applies fertilizer to nutrient demand difference for different times camellia, be beneficial to the growth of camellia, other plantation camellia fertilization mode survival rates increase by 5% on year-on-year basis.
Embodiment
The first tenday period of a month in December to next year by the end of February, first gather a collection of kind for spending the normotrophic stub of oil tea in vain, stub does not have serious epidermis injury, the tree body of well developed root system, the age of tree is 7 years, leading thread is 5 centimeters; Then select loam class soil to carry out field planting, in soil, adding 23% humus regulates, 25 centimeters of the field planting degree of depth, and bright stone or the fine sand of 12 centimeters are filled out in bottom, before stub plantation, with tpn or topsin, tree body is carried out to pasteurised completely, with root-inducing powder or plant growth promoter, root is sprayed, coat milky white adhesive simultaneously, with the tpn of 800 times 75% to native ball pasteurised completely, and then select kind tree crown middle and upper part, the full growth without damage by disease and insect even thickness of leaf bud the raw branch of 1 year, to spring of next year carry out grafting; Treat that the stub of new field planting treats that sprouting grows to 10cm, stub treats that sprouting grows to 10cm, executes once thin rich water solution after leaf look deepens every 10 days, at the beginning of early March to 4 month, and 60 parts of nitrogen fertilizer applications; At the beginning of mid-May to 6 month, execute 50 parts, phosphorus, 20 parts of potassium applications, in conjunction with the farmyard manure of 10 parts; Do not apply fertilizer June to mid-September, and late September to early October is executed 50 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 30 parts, potash fertilizer, enter November after fertilizing amount be reduced to 20 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 7 parts of farmyard manures, the bud in this period is more obvious, some kinds start to occur flower.
Claims (7)
1. a cultivation method that improves camellia survival rate, is characterized in that;
(1) collection of stub plantation, stub is grown normal, there is no serious epidermis injury, well developed root system, the age of tree is 5-20, leading thread is 5-8 centimetre;
(2) soil is selected, loam class soil;
(3) scion, selects kind tree crown middle and upper part, the full growth without damage by disease and insect even thickness of leaf bud the raw branch of 1 year;
(4) grafting, adopts cut-grafting, side grafting or draws 3 kinds of grafting methods of bark graft to carry out grafting;
(5) shelter from heat or light, the camellia stub of new field planting shelter from heat or light to the screening of sunlight except rate be 70%-75%;
(6) maintain the temperature at 10-25 degree;
(7) rich water quality management, the stub of new field planting, when sprouting grows to 10-20cm, was executed once thin rich water solution every 10 days after leaf look deepens, at the beginning of early March to 4 month, 60 parts of nitrogen fertilizer applications; At the beginning of mid-May to 6 month, execute 50 parts, phosphorus, 20 parts of potassium applications, in conjunction with the farmyard manure of 10 parts; Do not apply fertilizer June to mid-September, and late September to early October is executed 40 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 15 parts, potash fertilizer, enter November after fertilizing amount be reduced to 20 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 7 parts of farmyard manures.
2. according to right, want to improve described in 1 the cultivation method of camellia survival rate, it is characterized in that, described stub selects kind for spending oil tea or high mountain safflower oil tea in vain.
3. according to right, want to improve described in 2 the cultivation method of camellia survival rate, it is characterized in that, the acquisition time of described stub the first tenday period of a month in December to next year by the end of February, transplanting period in the first tenday period of a month in May to completing by the end of June, stub branch 4-5, the limb that 2-3 centimetre is thick.
4. according to right, want to improve described in 3 the cultivation method of camellia survival rate, it is characterized in that, before described stub plantation, with tpn or topsin, tree body is carried out to pasteurised completely, with root-inducing powder or plant growth promoter, root is sprayed, coat milky white adhesive simultaneously, stub before field planting with 800-1000 doubly 75% tpn to native ball pasteurised completely.
5. according to right, want to improve described in 4 the cultivation method of camellia survival rate, it is characterized in that, the described stub field planting hole degree of depth is no more than 30 centimeters, bright stone or the fine sand of 10-15 centimetre filled out in bottom, when described stub tree is planted bag plantation, the compost of 20-25 centimetre is filled out in bottom, coordinates root-rot disinfectant to water sufficient normal root water after field planting.
6. according to right, want to improve described in 5 the cultivation method of camellia survival rate, it is characterized in that, the lignified branch of described grafting at the lunar calendar by the end of November to mid-February next year, the branch of semi-lignified in late May to grafting mid-July, grafting at night temperature is not less than 10 degree, and daytime is higher than 16 degree; Under greenhouse experiment in 3-9 month grafting.
7. according to right, want to improve described in 6 the cultivation method of camellia survival rate, it is characterized in that, in the soil of described definite value stub, add 20-30% humus or burn soil regulating.
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103975750A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-13 | 全椒贡菊园茶厂 | Planting method of tea trees |
| CN104255306A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-07 | 郎溪县凌笪乡永辰茶叶种植家庭农场 | Quick camellia grafting method |
| CN104285648A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-21 | 广东农垦热带作物科学研究所 | Grafted camellia oleifera seedling accelerating method |
| CN104969780A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-14 | 广西南宁碧湾园林工程有限公司 | Grafting method of camellia japonica |
| CN104982235A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-21 | 广西南宁碧湾园林工程有限公司 | Grafting method for Bella camellia |
| CN105027870A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-11-11 | 李连 | Potting cultivation method for camellia in greenhouse |
| CN105766255A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 重庆市万盛区盛泉茶厂 | Method for planting high-mountain tea trees |
| CN105794578A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-07-27 | 江西源森油茶科技股份有限公司 | Method for increasing fruit setting rate of camellia chekiangoleosa |
| CN105993626A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-10-12 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for potted camellia nitidissima |
| CN106613379A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-10 | 长沙县多彩农业科技有限公司 | Method for grafting camellias on camellia oleifera root segments |
| CN106818231A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-13 | 长沙县多彩农业科技有限公司 | A kind of camellia engrafting method for being easy to moulding |
| CN106942001A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-14 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | The method that four seasons Camellia flower seedling wood is cultivated by stock of camellia |
| CN107231992A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-10-10 | 旌德县侯家庄生态旅游有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of camellia |
| CN107251763A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-17 | 玉屏侗族自治县油茶产业发展领导小组办公室 | A kind of high cutting strunk anvil of oil tea changes kind of an engrafting method |
| CN107980386A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-04 | 阳江市冠贤农林科技有限公司 | A kind of triangle rabbets high anvil grafting landscape tree breeding method and system |
| CN108094112A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-01 | 湖北瑞晟生物有限责任公司 | A kind of application technology for improving camellia transplant survival |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103975750A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-13 | 全椒贡菊园茶厂 | Planting method of tea trees |
| CN104255306A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-07 | 郎溪县凌笪乡永辰茶叶种植家庭农场 | Quick camellia grafting method |
| CN104285648A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-21 | 广东农垦热带作物科学研究所 | Grafted camellia oleifera seedling accelerating method |
| CN104285648B (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-07-20 | 广东农垦热带作物科学研究所 | A kind of method promoting oil tea grafting to sprout |
| CN105766255A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 重庆市万盛区盛泉茶厂 | Method for planting high-mountain tea trees |
| CN105027870A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-11-11 | 李连 | Potting cultivation method for camellia in greenhouse |
| CN104969780A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-14 | 广西南宁碧湾园林工程有限公司 | Grafting method of camellia japonica |
| CN104982235A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-21 | 广西南宁碧湾园林工程有限公司 | Grafting method for Bella camellia |
| CN105794578A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-07-27 | 江西源森油茶科技股份有限公司 | Method for increasing fruit setting rate of camellia chekiangoleosa |
| CN105993626A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-10-12 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for potted camellia nitidissima |
| CN106613379A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-10 | 长沙县多彩农业科技有限公司 | Method for grafting camellias on camellia oleifera root segments |
| CN106818231A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-13 | 长沙县多彩农业科技有限公司 | A kind of camellia engrafting method for being easy to moulding |
| CN106942001A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-14 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | The method that four seasons Camellia flower seedling wood is cultivated by stock of camellia |
| CN107231992A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-10-10 | 旌德县侯家庄生态旅游有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of camellia |
| CN107251763A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-17 | 玉屏侗族自治县油茶产业发展领导小组办公室 | A kind of high cutting strunk anvil of oil tea changes kind of an engrafting method |
| CN107980386A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-04 | 阳江市冠贤农林科技有限公司 | A kind of triangle rabbets high anvil grafting landscape tree breeding method and system |
| CN108094112A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-01 | 湖北瑞晟生物有限责任公司 | A kind of application technology for improving camellia transplant survival |
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Application publication date: 20140416 |