CN104982235A - Grafting method for Bella camellia - Google Patents
Grafting method for Bella camellia Download PDFInfo
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- CN104982235A CN104982235A CN201510414020.8A CN201510414020A CN104982235A CN 104982235 A CN104982235 A CN 104982235A CN 201510414020 A CN201510414020 A CN 201510414020A CN 104982235 A CN104982235 A CN 104982235A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grafting method for Bella camellia. The grafting method comprises the steps: after sawing rootstock off, longitudinally cutting the rootstock twice downward from the edge of the cross section of the rootstock respectively by virtue of an improved bark grafting method, wherein the cuts deeply reach the xylem and the length of the cuts is 3-5 cm; tearing the bark layer between the two cuts of the rootstock from top to bottom apart to form a bark groove, wherein the lower end of the bark layer is not separated from the rootstock; cutting cions to 2-5 cm and retaining 1-2 sprouts for every cion; obliquely cutting a first section which is 2-4 cm long at the lower end of every cion; obliquely cutting a second section which is 1-3 cm long on the opposite side of the first section; then inserting the cut of the bark layer torn from the rootstock into the bark groove as the first section of the cion corresponds to the xylem of the rootstock; and finally covering the cions by the torn bark layer. The grafting method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, axillary buds after grafting are fast in growing speed, the wound healing speed of the plant is fast, the grafting survival rate is high, and the grafted plant is fast to grow and good in growing trend.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant cultivation method, more particularly, the present invention relates to the grafting method that a kind of shellfish draws camellia.
Background technology
Camellia is Theaceae, Camellia Plants, and ancient name sea pomegranate, the environment that property happiness is warm, moistening, the florescence is longer, has opening from May in October to next year, and full-bloom stage is usually in 1 ~ March.Petal is bowl-type, and point single-lobe or polyphyll, single-lobe camellia mostly is the original seeds of flowering plants, and the petal of polyphyll camellia can reach 60.Camellia has red, purple, white, the yellow assorted seeds of flowering plants in various degree, even goes back chromatic colour speckle camellia, and spray is the highest can reach 4 meters, and because its plant shape appearance is graceful, leaf dark green is rich in gloss, and flower shape is gorgeous in riotous profusion, and is subject to valuing of world's gardening circle.
The kind of camellia is a lot, is the ornamental flower of Chinese tradition, rank the 8th in " ten large famous flowers ", one of Yi Shi world famous flower and tree, originate in Eastern China, in the Yangtze river basin, Pearl River Delta and various places, Yunnan, the ground such as Korea, Japan, Taiwan and India are generally planted.
Camellia often adopts the breeding of the method such as cuttage, grafting, tissue cultures, and wherein grafting is that the function after utilizing plant injured with callus is carried out, and camellia grafting method conventional is at present inarching method, but operational administrative trouble and grafting success rate is not high.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the problems referred to above and/or defect, and the advantage will illustrated at least is below provided.
A further object of the invention is to provide the grafting method that a kind of shellfish draws camellia, use the cortex grafting method after improvement, simple to operate, graft survival rate is high, optimize the management after grafting simultaneously, stock and scion are sprayed to the fertilizer of different composition, stock is enable to provide enough camellia grafting desired nutritionals, meet scion to survive simultaneously, the required Different Nutrition component of growth, improve cion survival rate, and can promote that camellia blooms, wherein stock is used with longan shell, apple skin and camellia petal are that the fermentation of key component is fertile, the camellia petal withered and discarded pericarp Appropriate application are got up to reduce cost, and more environmental protection.
In order to realize, according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, providing the grafting method that a kind of shellfish draws camellia, comprise the following steps:
The selection of step one, stock and scion: select diameter be the tea oil tree of 8 ~ 40cm as stock, choose annual shellfish and draw the developmental branch of camellia elite stand as scion;
The process of step 2, stock and scion: annual early July to late August carries out grafting, uses a fertilizer in before grafting 8 ~ 10 days to described stock, sprays described stock and described scion in before grafting 1 ~ 2 day with disinfectant;
Step 3, grafting operation: by described stock after required grafting height place is sawed-off, from downward rip cutting two cutter successively of the cross section edge of described stock, all deeply reach xylem, incision length is 3 ~ 5cm, then torn from top to bottom by the cortex between two otch of described stock and form skin groove, the lower end of described cortex is not separated with described stock; Wherein, the large 1 ~ 3mm of width of scion described in the gap ratio between two otch of described stock;
Described scion cutting is long 2 ~ 5cm, and every described scion retains 1 ~ 2 bud, a length of cutting sth. askew in the lower end of described scion is first tangent plane of 2 ~ 4cm, the described first tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the xylem of close described scion, to cut sth. askew at the offside of described first tangent plane second tangent plane of a long 1 ~ 3cm, the described second tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the phloem of close described scion, again with the xylem of the corresponding described stock of the first tangent plane of described scion, insert in the middle of the cortex otch that described stock is torn in skin groove, finally the cortex torn is covered described scion again, wrapping,
Management after step 4, grafting: control temperature 32 ~ 38 DEG C, humidity 85% ~ 88%, and sun-shading protective is carried out to plant after grafting, stop sunshade when the axillalry bud of described scion grows, regular watering applies fertilizer and removes sprout tillers on described stock.
Preferably, the fertilising of step 4 regular watering respectively waters a water for morning, noon and afternoon every day, and within every 15 ~ 18 days, spray once described fertilizer at dusk to described stock, within every 18 ~ 20 days, the branch to described scion sprays once-combined fertile solution;
Wherein, described fertilizer preparation method is: longan shell, apple skin and water are mixed making beating according to mass ratio 2: 1: 1, mixed liquor is obtained after boiling 1 ~ 2min, distillate is obtained after distilling 1 ~ 2h at 75 ~ 80 DEG C after being mixed according to mass ratio 1: 100 with water by camellia petal, zymotic fluid is obtained after being mixed according to volume ratio 3: 1 with described distillate by described mixed liquor, fermentation temperature 28 ~ 30 DEG C is controlled after inoculation yeast bacterium, described zymotic fluid pH is regulated to be 5.1 ~ 5.2 with sodium bicarbonate, ferment after 20 ~ 30 days, obtain described fertilizer;
Described composite fertilizer solution is urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and iron sulfate in mass ratio 20: 18: 4: 3 mix after thin up form, described in wherein said composite fertilizer solution, the mass fraction of urea is 0.1%.
Preferably, wrapping described in step 3 is the 800 times of liquid black plastic bar after cleaning up being put into mass concentration 75% tpn, dry after soaking 6 ~ 8min, described black plastic bar is tightened behind contact site cross winding 4 road of described scion and described stock, until healing tissue development completely after remove described black plastic bar.
Preferably, after having wrapped up described in step 3, adopt overlay to shroud described scion and grafting part, after the axillalry bud of described scion grows, remove described overlay;
Wherein, through pretreatment before described overlay uses: overlay is immersed in mass fraction be in the mixed liquor that obtains of mancozeb 500 times of liquid and the mass fraction 1800 times of liquid that are 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution of 70% after 15 ~ 20min through drying, to obtain final product.
Preferably, before inserting skin groove in step 3, healing medicament is filled cutting mouth and the contact site of the two of scion and stock in 1min, the preparation method of described healing medicament is: by 300 ~ 400mg indolebutyric acid, 100 ~ 200mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and 50 ~ 100mg Vc be dissolved in 30mg volume fraction be in 95% alcohol after, obtain after being diluted with water to 500ml.
Preferably, disinfectant described in step 2 to be mass fraction be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate.
Preferably, sun-shading protective described in step 4 uses sunshade rate to be the sunshade net of 77% ~ 80%.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
1, camellia is drawn using tea oil tree as stock grafting shellfish, adopt the cortex grafting method after improvement, from downward rip cutting two cutter successively of the cross section edge of stock, the cortex between two otch of stock is torn from top to bottom and forms skin groove, in the middle of the cortex otch that stock is torn, scion is inserted in skin groove, finally the cortex torn is covered scion, simple to operate, it is fast that axillalry bud grows speed, speed of wound healing is fast, graft survival rate is high, and after grafting, growth rapidly, is grown fine.
2, the management after grafting is optimized, morning, noon and afternoon every day respectively water a water and ensure adequate water, stock and scion spray the fertilizer of different composition, stock is enable to provide enough camellia grafting desired nutritionals, and survive for giving scion, grow required and needed for stock Different Nutrition component, improve cion survival rate, the camellia after promoting grafting again blooms.Simultaneously, the fermentation fertilizer that it is key component that stock sprays with longan shell, apple skin and camellia petal, both provided the Different Nutrition composition needed for plant strain growth, and again the camellia petal withered and discarded pericarp Appropriate application had been got up to reduce cost, and more environmental protection.
3, the black plastic bar used in wrapping is first put into 75% tpn, 800 times of liquid of 0.1% concentration, soak 6 ~ 8min and kill wherein bacterium, then black plastic bar is tightened behind contact site cross winding 4 road of scion and stock, use this kind of wrapping method that scion and stock can be made to fit tightly, be conducive to improving graft survival rate.
4, overlay is adopted to shroud grafting part, overlay is obtain through drying soak 15 ~ 20min in the mixed liquor that 70% mancozeb, 500 times of liquid and 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution, 1800 times of liquid are obtained after, overlay ensures that plant strain growth humidity is suitable for, and greatly reduces the probability that damage by disease and insect appears in plant in advance after mixed liquid dipping process.
5, with indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and the medicament that Vc mixes can help the wound tissue of stock and scion to heal as early as possible, thus improve cion survival rate.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
The selection of step one, stock and scion: selection diameter is 8cm, and the tea oil tree of robust growth, as stock, is chosen annual well-grown shellfish and drawn the developmental branch of camellia elite stand as scion.
The process of step 2, stock and scion: annual early July carries out grafting, and grafting uses a fertilizer to described stock in first 8 days, first 1 day of grafting with mass fraction be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate spray described stock and described scion as disinfectant;
Described fertilizer preparation method is: longan shell, apple skin and water are mixed making beating according to mass ratio 2: 1: 1, mixed liquor is obtained after boiling 1min, distillate is obtained after distilling 1h at 75 DEG C after being mixed according to mass ratio 1: 100 with water by the camellia petal withered gathered, zymotic fluid is obtained after being mixed according to volume ratio 3: 1 with described distillate by described mixed liquor, fermentation temperature 28 DEG C is controlled after inoculation yeast bacterium, regulate described zymotic fluid pH to be 5.1 with sodium bicarbonate, ferment after 20 days, obtain described fertilizer.
Step 3, grafting operation: by described stock after required grafting height place is sawed-off, from downward rip cutting two cutter successively of the cross section edge of described stock, all deeply reach xylem, incision length is 3cm, then torn from top to bottom by the cortex between two otch of described stock and form skin groove, the lower end of described cortex is not separated with described stock; Wherein, the large 1mm of width of scion described in the gap ratio between two otch of described stock;
Described scion cutting is long 2cm, and every described scion retains 1 bud, a length of cutting sth. askew in the lower end of described scion is first tangent plane of 2cm, the described first tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the xylem of close described scion, described first tangent plane is positioned at the relative side of terminal bud, to cut sth. askew at the offside of described first tangent plane second tangent plane of a long 1cm, the described second tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the phloem of close described scion, again with the xylem of the corresponding described stock of the first tangent plane of described scion, insert in the middle of the cortex otch that described stock is torn in skin groove, before inserting skin groove, healing medicament is filled cutting mouth and the contact site of the two of scion and stock in 1min, the preparation method of described healing medicament is: by 300mg indolebutyric acid, 100mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and 50mg Vc be dissolved in 30mg volume fraction be in 95% alcohol after, obtain after being diluted with water to 500ml,
Finally the cortex torn is covered described scion again, then wrap up, wrapping is the 800 times of liquid black plastic bar after cleaning up being put into mass concentration 75% tpn, dry after soaking 6min, described black plastic bar is tightened behind contact site cross winding 4 road of described scion and described stock, until healing tissue development completely after remove described black plastic bar;
After having wrapped up, adopt overlay to shroud described scion and grafting part, after the axillalry bud of described scion grows, remove described overlay;
Wherein, through pretreatment before described overlay uses: overlay is immersed in mass fraction be in the mixed liquor that obtains of mancozeb 500 times of liquid and the mass fraction 1800 times of liquid that are 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution of 70% after 15min through drying, to obtain final product.
Management after step 4, grafting: control temperature 32 DEG C, humidity 85%, and be the sunshade net sunshade of 77% to plant employing sunshade rate after grafting, sunshade is stopped when the axillalry bud of described scion grows, sprout tillers on the described stock of timely removing, morning, noon and afternoon every day respectively water a water, and within every 15 days, spray once described fertilizer at dusk to described stock, within every 18 days, the branch to described scion sprays once-combined fertile solution;
Described composite fertilizer solution is urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and iron sulfate in mass ratio 20: 18: 4: 3 mix after thin up form, described in wherein said composite fertilizer solution, the mass fraction of urea is 0.1%.
Embodiment 2
The selection of step one, stock and scion: selection diameter is 40cm, and the tea oil tree of robust growth, as stock, is chosen annual well-grown shellfish and drawn the developmental branch of camellia elite stand as scion.
The process of step 2, stock and scion: annual late August carries out grafting, and grafting uses a fertilizer to described stock in first 10 days, first 2 days of grafting with mass fraction be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate spray described stock and described scion as disinfectant;
Described fertilizer preparation method is: longan shell, apple skin and water are mixed making beating according to mass ratio 2: 1: 1, mixed liquor is obtained after boiling 2min, distillate is obtained after distilling 2h at 80 DEG C after being mixed according to mass ratio 1: 100 with water by the camellia petal withered gathered, zymotic fluid is obtained after being mixed according to volume ratio 3: 1 with described distillate by described mixed liquor, fermentation temperature 30 DEG C is controlled after inoculation yeast bacterium, regulate described zymotic fluid pH to be 5.2 with sodium bicarbonate, ferment after 30 days, obtain described fertilizer.
Step 3, grafting operation: by described stock after required grafting height place is sawed-off, from downward rip cutting two cutter successively of the cross section edge of described stock, all deeply reach xylem, incision length is 5cm, then torn from top to bottom by the cortex between two otch of described stock and form skin groove, the lower end of described cortex is not separated with described stock; Wherein, the large 3mm of width of scion described in the gap ratio between two otch of described stock;
Described scion cutting is long 5cm, and every described scion retains 2 buds, a length of cutting sth. askew in the lower end of described scion is first tangent plane of 4cm, the described first tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the xylem of close described scion, described first tangent plane is positioned at the relative side of terminal bud, to cut sth. askew at the offside of described first tangent plane second tangent plane of a long 3cm, the described second tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the phloem of close described scion, again with the xylem of the corresponding described stock of the first tangent plane of described scion, insert in the middle of the cortex otch that described stock is torn in skin groove, before inserting skin groove, healing medicament is filled cutting mouth and the contact site of the two of scion and stock in 1min, the preparation method of described healing medicament is: by 400mg indolebutyric acid, 200mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and 100mg Vc be dissolved in 30mg volume fraction be in 95% alcohol after, obtain after being diluted with water to 500ml,
Finally the cortex torn is covered described scion again, then wrap up, wrapping is the 800 times of liquid black plastic bar after cleaning up being put into mass concentration 75% tpn, dry after soaking 8min, described black plastic bar is tightened behind contact site cross winding 4 road of described scion and described stock, until healing tissue development completely after remove described black plastic bar;
After having wrapped up, adopt overlay to shroud described scion and grafting part, after the axillalry bud of described scion grows, remove described overlay;
Wherein, through pretreatment before described overlay uses: overlay is immersed in mass fraction be in the mixed liquor that obtains of mancozeb 500 times of liquid and the mass fraction 1800 times of liquid that are 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution of 70% after 20min through drying, to obtain final product.
Management after step 4, grafting: control temperature 38 DEG C, humidity 88%, and be the sunshade net sunshade of 80% to plant employing sunshade rate after grafting, sunshade is stopped when the axillalry bud of described scion grows, sprout tillers on the described stock of timely removing, morning, noon and afternoon every day respectively water a water, and within every 15 ~ 18 days, spray once described fertilizer at dusk to described stock, within every 20 days, the branch to described scion sprays once-combined fertile solution;
Described composite fertilizer solution is urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and iron sulfate in mass ratio 20: 18: 4: 3 mix after thin up form, described in wherein said composite fertilizer solution, the mass fraction of urea is 0.1%.
Embodiment 3
The selection of step one, stock and scion: selection diameter is 20cm, and the tea oil tree of robust growth, as stock, is chosen annual well-grown shellfish and drawn the developmental branch of camellia elite stand as scion.
The process of step 2, stock and scion: annual late July carries out grafting, and grafting uses a fertilizer to described stock in first 9 days, first 1 day of grafting with mass fraction be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate spray described stock and described scion as disinfectant;
Described fertilizer preparation method is: longan shell, apple skin and water are mixed making beating according to mass ratio 2: 1: 1, mixed liquor is obtained after boiling 1min, distillate is obtained after distilling 1h at 78 DEG C after being mixed according to mass ratio 1: 100 with water by the camellia petal withered gathered, zymotic fluid is obtained after being mixed according to volume ratio 3: 1 with described distillate by described mixed liquor, fermentation temperature 29 DEG C is controlled after inoculation yeast bacterium, regulate described zymotic fluid pH to be 5.1 with sodium bicarbonate, ferment after 25 days, obtain described fertilizer.
Step 3, grafting operation: by described stock after required grafting height place is sawed-off, from downward rip cutting two cutter successively of the cross section edge of described stock, all deeply reach xylem, incision length is 4cm, then torn from top to bottom by the cortex between two otch of described stock and form skin groove, the lower end of described cortex is not separated with described stock; Wherein, the large 2mm of width of scion described in the gap ratio between two otch of described stock;
Described scion cutting is long 4cm, and every described scion retains 1 bud, a length of cutting sth. askew in the lower end of described scion is first tangent plane of 3cm, the described first tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the xylem of close described scion, described first tangent plane is positioned at the relative side of terminal bud, to cut sth. askew at the offside of described first tangent plane second tangent plane of a long 2cm, the described second tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the phloem of close described scion, again with the xylem of the corresponding described stock of the first tangent plane of described scion, insert in the middle of the cortex otch that described stock is torn in skin groove, before inserting skin groove, healing medicament is filled cutting mouth and the contact site of the two of scion and stock in 1min, the preparation method of described healing medicament is: by 350mg indolebutyric acid, 150mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and 75mg Vc be dissolved in 30mg volume fraction be in 95% alcohol after, obtain after being diluted with water to 500ml,
Finally the cortex torn is covered described scion again, then wrap up, wrapping is the 800 times of liquid black plastic bar after cleaning up being put into mass concentration 75% tpn, dry after soaking 7min, described black plastic bar is tightened behind contact site cross winding 4 road of described scion and described stock, until healing tissue development completely after remove described black plastic bar;
After having wrapped up, adopt overlay to shroud described scion and grafting part, after the axillalry bud of described scion grows, remove described overlay;
Wherein, through pretreatment before described overlay uses: overlay is immersed in mass fraction be in the mixed liquor that obtains of mancozeb 500 times of liquid and the mass fraction 1800 times of liquid that are 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution of 70% after 18min through drying, to obtain final product.
Management after step 4, grafting: control temperature 35 DEG C, humidity 86%, and be the sunshade net sunshade of 78% to plant employing sunshade rate after grafting, sunshade is stopped when the axillalry bud of described scion grows, sprout tillers on the described stock of timely removing, morning, noon and afternoon every day respectively water a water, and within every 16 days, spray once described fertilizer at dusk to described stock, within every 19 days, the branch to described scion sprays once-combined fertile solution;
Described composite fertilizer solution is urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and iron sulfate in mass ratio 20: 18: 4: 3 mix after thin up form, described in wherein said composite fertilizer solution, the mass fraction of urea is 0.1%.
In order to effect of the present invention is described, 200 scion of inventor's Stochastic choice, as experiment material, adopt shellfish of the present invention to draw the grafting method of camellia, traditional cortex grafting method and cleft graft grafting shellfish to draw camellia respectively, measure related data as follows:
Table 1 shellfish draws camellia grafting growing state to measure
As seen from Table 1, shellfish of the present invention is adopted to draw the grafting method of camellia to draw camellia to compare with traditional cortex grafting method and cleft graft grafting shellfish, shellfish of the present invention draws the grafting method survival rate of camellia higher, reach 93%, and after grafting axillalry bud to grow speed fast, plant strain growth is rapid, grows fine.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.
Claims (7)
1. shellfish draws a grafting method for camellia, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The selection of step one, stock and scion: select diameter be the tea oil tree of 8 ~ 40cm as stock, choose annual shellfish and draw the developmental branch of camellia elite stand as scion;
The process of step 2, stock and scion: annual early July to late August carries out grafting, uses a fertilizer in before grafting 8 ~ 10 days to described stock, sprays described stock and described scion in before grafting 1 ~ 2 day with disinfectant;
Step 3, grafting operation: by described stock after required grafting height place is sawed-off, from downward rip cutting two cutter successively of the cross section edge of described stock, all deeply reach xylem, incision length is 3 ~ 5cm, then torn from top to bottom by the cortex between two otch of described stock and form skin groove, the lower end of described cortex is not separated with described stock; Wherein, the large 1 ~ 3mm of width of scion described in the gap ratio between two otch of described stock;
Described scion cutting is long 2 ~ 5cm, and every described scion retains 1 ~ 2 bud, a length of cutting sth. askew in the lower end of described scion is first tangent plane of 2 ~ 4cm, the described first tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the xylem of close described scion, to cut sth. askew at the offside of described first tangent plane second tangent plane of a long 1 ~ 3cm, the described second tangent plane degree of depth reaches between the xylem of described scion and the phloem of described scion, and the phloem of close described scion, again with the xylem of the corresponding described stock of the first tangent plane of described scion, insert in the middle of the cortex otch that described stock is torn in skin groove, finally the cortex torn is covered described scion again, wrapping,
Management after step 4, grafting: control temperature 32 ~ 38 DEG C, humidity 85% ~ 88%, and sun-shading protective is carried out to plant after grafting, stop sunshade when the axillalry bud of described scion grows, regular watering applies fertilizer and removes sprout tillers on described stock.
2. shellfish draws the grafting method of camellia as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fertilising of step 4 regular watering respectively waters a water for morning, noon and afternoon every day, and within every 15 ~ 18 days, spray once described fertilizer at dusk to described stock, within every 18 ~ 20 days, the branch to described scion sprays once-combined fertile solution;
Wherein, described fertilizer preparation method is: longan shell, apple skin and water are mixed making beating according to mass ratio 2: 1: 1, mixed liquor is obtained after boiling 1 ~ 2min, distillate is obtained after distilling 1 ~ 2h at 75 ~ 80 DEG C after being mixed according to mass ratio 1: 100 with water by camellia petal, zymotic fluid is obtained after being mixed according to volume ratio 3: 1 with described distillate by described mixed liquor, fermentation temperature 28 ~ 30 DEG C is controlled after inoculation yeast bacterium, described zymotic fluid pH is regulated to be 5.1 ~ 5.2 with sodium bicarbonate, ferment after 20 ~ 30 days, obtain described fertilizer;
Described composite fertilizer solution is urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and iron sulfate in mass ratio 20: 18: 4: 3 mix after thin up form, described in wherein said composite fertilizer solution, the mass fraction of urea is 0.1%.
3. shellfish draws the grafting method of camellia as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, wrapping described in step 3 is the 800 times of liquid black plastic bar after cleaning up being put into mass concentration 75% tpn, dry after soaking 6 ~ 8min, described black plastic bar is tightened behind contact site cross winding 4 road of described scion and described stock, until healing tissue development completely after remove described black plastic bar.
4. shellfish draws the grafting method of camellia as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, after having wrapped up, adopts overlay to shroud described scion and grafting part, after the axillalry bud of described scion grows, removes described overlay described in step 3;
Wherein, through pretreatment before described overlay uses: overlay is immersed in mass fraction be in the mixed liquor that obtains of mancozeb 500 times of liquid and the mass fraction 1800 times of liquid that are 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution of 70% after 15 ~ 20min through drying, to obtain final product.
5. shellfish draws the grafting method of camellia as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, before inserting skin groove in step 3, healing medicament is filled cutting mouth and the contact site of the two of scion and stock in 1min, the preparation method of described healing medicament is: by 300 ~ 400mg indolebutyric acid, 100 ~ 200mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and 50 ~ 100mg Vc be dissolved in 30mg volume fraction be in 95% alcohol after, obtain after being diluted with water to 500ml.
6. shellfish draws the grafting method of camellia as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, disinfectant described in step 2 to be mass fraction be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate.
7. shellfish draws the grafting method of camellia as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, sun-shading protective described in step 4 uses sunshade rate to be the sunshade net of 77% ~ 80%.
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| CN106508437A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 福建百卉花艺有限公司 | Grafting method |
| CN106613364A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-05-10 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Walnut tree grafting method |
| CN106718100A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 广西北海浩邦新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of Grafted Citrus method |
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| CN107041267A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-15 | 河南省莱恩月季繁育有限公司 | A kind of method of the various fruit kind of apple grafting |
| CN107371823A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | Improve the engrafting method of camellia survival rate |
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| CN109221135A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-18 | 海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所 | A kind of drug and preparation and application method for accelerating the healing of oil tea autumn branches |
| CN109896904A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-06-18 | 新昌县天姥园艺发展有限公司 | Promote the preparation method of the liquid fertilizer of camellia graft survival rate |
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| CN106613364A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-05-10 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Walnut tree grafting method |
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| CN107041267A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-15 | 河南省莱恩月季繁育有限公司 | A kind of method of the various fruit kind of apple grafting |
| CN107371823A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | Improve the engrafting method of camellia survival rate |
| CN107466685A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-15 | 秦得翔 | A kind of camellia winter engrafting method |
| CN107864759A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-03 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of engrafting method of chinquapin |
| CN109221135A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-18 | 海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所 | A kind of drug and preparation and application method for accelerating the healing of oil tea autumn branches |
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