CN107466686A - A kind of disconnected anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques of safflower oil tea - Google Patents
A kind of disconnected anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques of safflower oil tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN107466686A CN107466686A CN201710897619.0A CN201710897619A CN107466686A CN 107466686 A CN107466686 A CN 107466686A CN 201710897619 A CN201710897619 A CN 201710897619A CN 107466686 A CN107466686 A CN 107466686A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of disconnected anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques of safflower oil tea, the selection of processing, scion including stock, stock split cut, the cutting of scion, the process of grafting fringe and wrapping, moisture-keeping shading and managing after grafting, and carry out grafting in annual May~early July.The present invention makes full use of the big tree complete root system of plant, scion enough moisture and nutrient can be supplied, and retain 1~2 branch above elite tree, realize the shade to grafting portion, simultaneously by the photosynthesis of branch, nutrition is provided for grafting fringe bar, the twig below section is erased, graft union is healed ahead of time, growing for grafting plant is strong, the healing of stock interface is fast, and the big survival rate for setting grafting is high, and the consumption of propagating materials is lacked, it is low to cultivate cost, it is environmental protection, economical in addition, be used as shade material by the use of indocalamus shell, air permeability is good, high graft survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gardens graft technology field, more particularly to a kind of disconnected anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques of safflower oil tea.
Background technology
Safflower oil Camellia is the distinctive woody oil tree species of south China in Theaceae Camellia evergreen shrubs or dungarunga
One of, it is distributed in the mountain region of the warm and moist in the province border such as Zhejiang, Hunan, Chongqing, Jiangxi, Yunnan.Grow height above sea level compared with
Height, suitable growth height above sea level are 400~2000m, and trees are drought-resistant barren, there is the title of " natural green food " and " healthy food ",
Oil is superior.Safflower oil tea not only has the function that the oilseed plant that white flower oil tea is possessed, and relies on its red gorgeous pattern
There is higher ornamental value with coronal plant, be to integrate oil plant economic forest tree that is edible, medicinal, viewing and admiring and afforest
Kind.Market prospects are had an optimistic view of, and mountain area is suited measures to local conditions to develop oil tea plantation, and economic, society, ecological benefits are just increasingly shown especially.
Chongqing region safflower oil tea is mainly distributed on the height above sea level such as Peng River, Fengdu, WuLong 1000m or so mountain region, through long
The natural selection of phase, different hereditary forms is formd, there is abundant genetic diversity, its tree performance is graceful, and leaf is bright and new
It is bright, it is green such as emerald；This plant blooms in the winter time, and the florescence is longer (November~April), has big and beautiful safflower, is garden
Good merchantable brand is viewed and admired, while end of the branch achieves great success, fruit maximum gauge reaches 9cm, and there is oil the multiple use such as to use, view and admire.With other oil
Tea and safflower oil tea are compared, with fruit is big, seed-producing rate is high, ornamental strong characteristic.
At present, it is mainly to use cuttage, grafting and seeding and seedling raising to carry out safflower oil tea propagation method, but existing safflower
In oil tea graft technology, the propagating materials consumption of safflower oil tea is big, and vegetative propagation cost is high, and the shade after grafting to grafting portion
Poor with ventilation effect, graft union healing is slow, and graft survival rate is low.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of disconnected anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques of safflower oil tea, safflower oil tea is made
Propagating materials consumption is few, and vegetative propagation cost is low, and the shade and ventilation effect after grafting to grafting portion are good, and graft union healing is early,
High graft survival rate.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technological means：
A kind of safflower oil tea is broken anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques, including the selection of processing, scion of stock, splitting for stock are cut, connect
The process of the cutting of fringe, grafting fringe and wrapping, moisture-keeping shading and managing after grafting, carried out in annual mid-June to early July
Grafting, grafting time are the key factors for influenceing graft survival rate, and Chongqing region be plum rain season May, high humidity after grafting, appearance
Easy infection germ, therefore grafting time selection mid or late June to early July, graft survival rate is higher, and concrete operation step is such as
Under：
1) processing of stock：The stem for choosing robust growth does stock, at the beginning of the last month of spring in winter before grafting or before grafting,
Trunk is away from 0.8~1.0m of ground, branch is more, the smooth straight sawed-off stock in place of limb, and retains 1~2 branch, when shade,
Second, in order to which plant carries out photosynthesis, nutrition is provided for grafting fringe bar, then scabbles saw kerf, and cutting smearing paraffin at mouth；
2) selection of scion：Choose and give birth to a diameter of 0.8~1.0cm then, 10~16cm of length, leaf spacing is moderate, disease-free
The semi-lignified branch of insect pest, 1/3~1/2 blade and moisturizing are wiped out after collection；
3) scion is cut：Scion is cut into the short circuit fringe of 5~8cm length, selects the more smooth one side of short circuit fringe to retain
Junction, pruned with grafting knife along the both sides for retaining face lower end up to 2~3cm, be allowed to the smooth bevel in " wedge " shape, and make junction
Side is slightly thick；
4) splitting for stock is cut：Select the more smooth one side of the stock outer rim handled well, by grafting knife from the edge of cross section,
Perpendicular to bark shiny surface, firmly 3~4cm of pulldown length, depth is between xylem and bast.Then it is light with grafting knife
Gently push bast aside, width is 1~1.5cm, then along unity and coherence in writing direction toward setting aside, length is 2~3cm；
5) grafting fringe and wrapping：The side split mouth and do not make junction of stock is gently pried open with grafting knife, then having cut
Scion is inserted along junction side at leisure, scion is alignd with the forming layer of stock, extracts grafting knife out, and diameter of stock is transferred less than 3cm
Connect 1 scion grafting fringe, the scion grafting fringe of 3~5cm graftings 2, more than the scion grafting fringe of 5cm graftings 3, then wound clockwise is pricked from lower to upper with film tape
Tightly until parcel graft union；
6) moisture-keeping shading：Support is propped up with the wide word directions of bamboo cane ten of 0.6~1cm, support is higher than 5~8cm of fringe bar, then uses
Transparent plastic bag covers scion, stock together, and transparent plastic bag opening is bound on stock with packing rope, to keep saturating
Indocalamus shell, is then fixed at 10~20cm above graft union position by the humidity of scion in bright polybag, indocalamus shell length >=35cm,
Indocalamus shell smooth surface outwardly, to keep side printing opacity, ventilation, avoids sunray direct projection；
7) managing after grafting：In time except sprouting, interface will prevent sprout tillers from causing to press down to scion growth with lower part in time except sprouting
System, except protection stock trunk is also noted that when sprouting, it is withered because organic nutrient supply is lacked to prevent stock skeleton, for not having
It the skeleton branch of grafting survival, must also retain the branch of a little stock in itself, in favor of supporting tree, while to prevent and treat pest and disease damage in time.
Further, on the day of the acquisition time of scion is grafting in step 2) before 9 points or after 5 points of noon before that day.
Further, the deep ploughing in addition to before grafting digs weeding, and deep ploughing digs the mid-November that the weeding time is last year
To early December, while per 667m2Apply decomposed organic 1000~1500kg of farm manure, composite fertilizer 40 of the nitrogen quantity less than 10%~
50kg.Deep ploughing, which digs weeding, can both play the probability that weeding reduces disease pest generation, improve tea garden soil environment；Also garden can be kept
Ground soil moisture content, dry season evaporation is reduced, be the surviving of scion after grafting, sprout and lay solid material preparation.
Further, the thickness of film tape is 0.015~0.020mm in step 5), and width is 2~4cm.
Further, scion first presses 1 before step 5) grafting fringe and wrapping with indoles~3~acetic acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate:2 mixing
Aqueous solution soaking 10h afterwards, wherein the mass fraction of 6~BA and methyl α-naphthyl acetate is 0.15%.
Further, the film tape in step 5) is pyraclostrobin/graphene oxide/chitosan composite aquogel film
Bar, its preparation method are as follows：
Step 1, graphene oxide is taken, add 6~18 times of volumes, in the acetic acid aqueous solution that concentration is 1mol/L, ultrasonic wave
Scattered 1h, the pyraclostrobin powder of 0.5~0.8 times of weight of graphene oxide is then added, it is in homogeneous shape to stir to solution, pyrrole
Aromatic rings on azoles kresoxim-methyl and surface of graphene oxide pass through highly stable compound of the sedimentation forming properties of π~pi bond
Thing, load of the graphene oxide to antiseptic pyraclostrobin is realized, continues to stir, and successively add graphene oxide 10~15
The Chitosan powder of times weight, the glycerine of 0.01~0.03 times of volume of acetic acid aqueous solution, then stir 10h at room temperature, quiet
2h is put, obtains mixed solution；Chitosan is natural inexpensive polysaccharide, due to its intermolecular hydrogen bond action, chitosan acid water
Solution has certain viscosity, can form gel immediately after alkali is run into, and aquagel has the ability of water swelling, together
When original shape can be kept not dissolve.
Step 2, the mixed solution obtained in step 1 is taken, the flow casting molding on the wide slides of 2~4cm, at 37 DEG C
After drying 24h, with low concentration aqueous slkali soaking 5min, then repeatedly washed with deionization, be dried in vacuo, that is, obtain film tape.
Further, the graphene oxide in step 1 to graphene oxide before use, be first surface-treated, processing side
Method is as follows：Take graphene oxide to add the absolute ethyl alcohol of 10 times of volumes, after being sufficiently stirred, add graphene oxide 0.1~0.2
Coupling agent γ~glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane of times weight, in 80 DEG C of stirred in water bath 30min, due to oxygen
Graphite alkene carries hydroxyl, and the silicon oxygen bond on γ~glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane reacts, and makes oxidation
Part of hydroxyl on graphene is converted into epoxide group, and centrifugation removes supernatant liquor, and lower floor's product is fully dried at 80 DEG C,
Obtain the graphene oxide of functionalization.The solution places one week bottom without any deposited phenomenon under normal temperature.
Further, the scattered condition of the ultrasonic wave in step 1 is：Ultrasonic frequency 32KHz, rate of dispersion 45r/s.
Further, the low concentration alkali solution in step 2 uses 4%NaOH solution.
Further, the vacuum drying condition in step 2 is：Temperature 45 C~50 DEG C, vacuum 0.09MPa~
0.1MPa, drying time 12h.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1. the present invention makes full use of the big tree complete root system of plant, scion enough moisture and nutrient can be supplied, and
Retain 1~2 branch above elite tree, realize the shade to grafting portion, while by the photosynthesis of branch, carried for grafting fringe bar
For nutrition, graft union is set to heal ahead of time, growing for grafting plant is strong, and the healing of stock interface is fast, the big survival rate for setting grafting
Height, the consumption of propagating materials are lacked, and cultivation cost is low, in addition, by the use of indocalamus shell as shade material, environmental protection, economy, air permeability is good, transfers
It is connected into motility rate height；
2. film tape prepared by the present invention passes through π~π by the aromatic rings on pyraclostrobin and surface of graphene oxide
The highly stable compound of the sedimentation forming properties of key, realizes load of the graphene oxide to antiseptic pyraclostrobin,
And use chitosan to be prepared into composite aquogel film tape for base material, composite aquogel film tape pyrazoles in use
Kresoxim-methyl can slowly discharge from film tape, realize the lasting suppression to graft union germ, prevent germ from being infected from graft union
Plant；
3. the present invention is by the slow pyraclostrobin of film tape, without periodically sprinkling antibacterial during managing after grafting
Agent, the waste of antiseptic are lacked, and the pollution to environment is small, and antibacterial effect reduces agricultural management not by inside even from weather
The workload of personnel.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the present invention wrapped up with film tape after stock and scion；
Fig. 2 is the present invention with the grafting plant after indocalamus shell Shading treatment；
Embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail：
The preparation embodiment one of film tape
Graphene oxide is taken, adds the absolute ethyl alcohol of 10 times of volumes, after being sufficiently stirred, adds 0.1 times of weight of graphene oxide
Coupling agent γ~glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane of amount, on 80 DEG C of stirred in water bath 30min, centrifugation removal
Layer clear liquid, lower floor's product is fully dried at 80 DEG C, the graphene oxide of functionalization is obtained, by the oxidation of obtained functionalization
Graphene adds 6 times of volumes, and concentration is in 1mol/L acetic acid aqueous solution, in 32KHz ultrasonic wave, 45r/s rate of dispersion
Disperse 1h down, then add the pyraclostrobin powder of 0.5 times of weight of graphene oxide, it is in homogeneous shape to stir to solution, is continued
Stirring, and Chitosan powder, the glycerine of 0.01 times of volume of acetic acid aqueous solution of 10 times of weight of graphene oxide are successively added, so
After stirring 10h at room temperature, 2h is stood, obtains mixed solution；Obtained mixed solution is cast on the wide slides of 2~4cm
Shaping, at 37 DEG C dry 24h after, with 4%NaOH solution soak 5min, then repeatedly washed with deionization, in 45 DEG C~
50 DEG C, 0.09MPa~0.1MPa vacuum condition 12h of lower drying time, that is, obtain film tape.
The preparation embodiment two of film tape
Take graphene oxide to add the absolute ethyl alcohol of 10 times of volumes, after being sufficiently stirred, add 0.2 times of weight of graphene oxide
Coupling agent γ~glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane, in 80 DEG C of stirred in water bath 30min, centrifugation removes upper strata
Clear liquid, lower floor's product is fully dried at 80 DEG C, the graphene oxide of functionalization is obtained, by the oxidation stone of obtained functionalization
Black alkene adds 18 times of volumes, and concentration is in 1mol/L acetic acid aqueous solution, under 32KHz ultrasonic wave, 45r/s rate of dispersion
Scattered 1h, then adds the pyraclostrobin powder of 0.8 times of weight of graphene oxide, it is in homogeneous shape to stir to solution, continues to stir
Mix, and successively add Chitosan powder, the glycerine of 0.03 times of volume of acetic acid aqueous solution of 15 times of weight of graphene oxide, then
10h is stirred at room temperature, is stood 2h, is obtained mixed solution；Obtained mixed solution is cast on the wide slides of 2~4cm
Type, after drying 24h at 37 DEG C, 5min is soaked with 4%NaOH solution, is then repeatedly washed with deionization, in 45 DEG C~50
DEG C, 0.09MPa~0.1MPa vacuum condition 12h of lower drying time, that is, obtain film tape.
The preparation embodiment three of film tape
Take graphene oxide to add the absolute ethyl alcohol of 10 times of volumes, after being sufficiently stirred, add 0.15 times of weight of graphene oxide
Coupling agent γ~glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane of amount, on 80 DEG C of stirred in water bath 30min, centrifugation removal
Layer clear liquid, lower floor's product is fully dried at 80 DEG C, the graphene oxide of functionalization is obtained, by the oxidation of obtained functionalization
Graphene adds 12 times of volumes, and concentration is in 1mol/L acetic acid aqueous solution, in 32KHz ultrasonic wave, 45r/s rate of dispersion
Disperse 1h down, then add the pyraclostrobin powder of 0.6 times of weight of graphene oxide, it is in homogeneous shape to stir to solution, is continued
Stirring, and successively add the Chitosan powder of 10~15 times of weight of graphene oxide, the third the three of 0.02 times of volume of acetic acid aqueous solution
Alcohol, 10h is then stirred at room temperature, stand 2h, obtain mixed solution；By obtained mixed solution on the wide slides of 2~4cm
Flow casting molding, after drying 24h at 37 DEG C, 5min is soaked with 4%NaOH solution, is then repeatedly washed with deionization, in 45
DEG C~50 DEG C, 0.09MPa~0.1MPa vacuum condition 12h of lower drying time, that is, obtain film tape.
It is prepared from embodiment one to embodiment three in film tape and randomly selects 3 respectively, 1cm is respectively cut into
× 1cm diaphragm, using Japanese JIS Z2801:2010 standards carry out anti-microbial property detection, and every diaphragm distinguishes parallel inspection
Survey three times, and take its logarithm value according to standard, when antibacterial value >=2, illustrate antibiotic rate >=9%.The result of the detection such as institute of table 1
Show：
Table 1
From the data analysis of table 1, film tape prepared by the present invention to tea anthracnose, tea moire blight, tea zonate spot,
The inhibitory action of the red 4 kinds of pathogenic bacteria growings of leaf spot of tea reaches more than 99%, and therefore, film tape prepared by the present invention can be released
Pyraclostrobin is released, prevents germ from graft union infected plant.
Example one to embodiment three is prepared film tape and randomly selects some respectively respectively, is respectively cut
Into 1cm × 1cm diaphragm, it is placed in identical environment, appoints take three weekly, using Japanese JIS Z2801:2010 standards are entered
Row anti-microbial property detects, and every diaphragm difference Parallel testing three times, and takes its logarithm value according to standard, and testing film piece is to mountain
The cycle of antibacterial value >=2 of tea anthrax-bacilus, test result are：The antibacterial value of film tape prepared by embodiment one to camellia anthrax-bacilus
>=2 cycle is 34 weeks, and film tape prepared by embodiment two is 32 weeks to the cycle of antibacterial value >=2 of camellia anthrax-bacilus, is implemented
Film tape prepared by example three is 38 weeks to the cycle of antibacterial value >=2 of camellia anthrax-bacilus.Therefore, in the film tape that prepared by the present invention
The deenergized period of pyraclostrobin, the Anti-bacterium to graft union during disclosure satisfy that safflower oil tea Engraftment was made more than 32 weeks
With.
The grafting example IV of safflower oil tea
Deep ploughing is carried out to grafting garden in mid-November, 2015 and digs weeding, while per 667m2Apply decomposed organic farmers'
1000~1500kg of fertilizer, nitrogen quantity are less than 10% 40~50kg of composite fertilizer, in mid-June, 2016, choose diameter and are less than 3cm,
The stem of robust growth does stock, before grafting trunk away from 0.8~1.0m of ground, branch is more, the smooth straight place of limb is sawed-off
Stock, and retain 1~2 branch, saw kerf is then scabbled, and cutting smearing paraffin at mouth；On the day of grafting before 9 points, choose and work as
In year raw a diameter of l~2cm, 10~16cm of length, leaf spacing is moderate, the semi-lignified branch of no disease and pests harm, 1/3 is wiped out after collection
~1/2 blade and moisturizing；Scion is cut into the short circuit fringe of 5~8cm length, selects the more smooth one side of short circuit fringe to retain junction,
Pruned with grafting knife along the both sides for retaining face lower end up to 2~3cm, be allowed to the smooth bevel in " wedge " shape, and make junction side slightly
It is thick, then press 1 with indoles~3~acetic acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate:2 mixed aqueous solution soaking 10h, wherein 6~BA and methyl α-naphthyl acetate
Mass fraction be 0.15%, the more smooth one side of the stock outer rim handled well is selected, by grafting knife rest 1/2 in graft union
At~l/3, and grafting knife is set, into " ten " word, then to beat the knife back with shiny surface with mallet, stock is rived along unity and coherence in writing direction, split
Open 3~4cm of depth；The side split mouth and do not make junction of stock is gently pried open with grafting knife, then the scion cut at leisure
Inserted along junction side, scion is alignd with the forming layer of stock, extract grafting knife out, then with film tape wound clockwise from lower to upper
Tighten until parcel graft union, the thickness of film tape is 0.015~0.020mm, and width is 2~4cm；It will be connect with transparent plastic bag
Fringe, stock are covered together, and transparent plastic bag opening is bound on stock with packing rope, to keep scion in transparent plastic bag
Humidity, then indocalamus shell is fixed at 10~20cm above graft union position, indocalamus shell length >=35cm, indocalamus shell smooth surface outwardly,
To keep side printing opacity, ventilation, sunray direct projection is avoided；In time except sprouting after grafting, interface will be prevented with lower part in time except sprouting
Only sprout tillers causes to suppress to scion growth, except protection stock trunk is also noted that when sprouting, prevents stock skeleton because lacking organic
Nutrient supply and it is withered, for the skeleton branch of no grafting survival, must also retain the branch of a little stock in itself, in favor of support
Tree, while pest and disease damage is prevented and treated in time.
The grafting embodiment five of safflower oil tea
Deep ploughing is carried out to grafting garden in early December, 2015 and digs weeding, while per 667m2Apply decomposed organic farmers'
1000~1500kg of fertilizer, nitrogen quantity are less than 10% 40~50kg of composite fertilizer, in early July, 2016, choose a diameter of 3~5cm,
The stem of robust growth does stock, at the beginning of the last month of spring in winter before grafting, trunk away from 0.8~1.0m of ground, branch is more, limb is smooth
The straight sawed-off stock in place, and retain 1~2 branch, saw kerf is then scabbled, and cutting smearing paraffin at mouth；In grafting the previous day
After at 5 points in afternoon, choose and give birth to a diameter of l~2cm then, 10~16cm of length, leaf spacing is moderate, the semi-lignified of no disease and pests harm
Branch, 1/3~1/2 blade and moisturizing are wiped out after collection；Scion is cut into the short circuit fringe of 5~8cm length, selects short circuit fringe more smooth
One side to retain junction, pruned with grafting knife along the both sides for retaining face lower end up to 2~3cm, be allowed to smooth in " wedge " shape
Bevel, and make junction side slightly thick, then press 1 with indoles~3~acetic acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate:2 mixed aqueous solution soaking 10h,
The mass fraction of wherein 6~BA and methyl α-naphthyl acetate is 0.15%, the more smooth one side of the stock outer rim handled well is selected, by grafting
Knife rest makes grafting knife, into " ten " word, then beat the knife back with shiny surface with mallet, make stock in graft union at 1/2~l/3
Rived along unity and coherence in writing direction, 3~4cm of depth of riving；The side split mouth and do not make junction of stock is gently pried open with grafting knife, then
The scion cut at leisure along junction side insert, scion is alignd with the forming layer of stock, extract out grafting knife, then with film tape by
Under up wound clockwise tighten until parcel graft union, the thickness of film tape is 0.015~0.020mm, and width is 2~4cm；
Scion, stock are covered together with transparent plastic bag again, and transparent plastic bag opening is bound on stock with packing rope, to protect
The humidity of scion in transparent plastic bag is held, is then fixed on indocalamus shell at 10~20cm above graft union position, indocalamus shell length >=
35cm, indocalamus shell smooth surface outwardly, to keep side printing opacity, ventilation, avoid sunray direct projection；In time except sprouting after grafting, interface with
Lower part will prevent sprout tillers from causing to suppress to scion growth in time except sprouting, and except protection stock trunk is also noted that when sprouting, prevent anvil
Wooden frame is withered because organic nutrient supply is lacked, and for the skeleton branch of no grafting survival, must also retain a little stock sheet
The branch of body, in favor of supporting tree, while pest and disease damage is prevented and treated in time.
The grafting embodiment six of safflower oil tea
Deep ploughing is carried out to grafting garden in late November, 2015 and digs weeding, while per 667m2Apply decomposed organic farmers'
1000~1500kg of fertilizer, nitrogen quantity are less than 10% 40~50kg of NPK, in late June, 2016, choose diameter and are more than
5cm, the stem of robust growth do stock, before grafting trunk away from 0.8~1.0m of ground, branch is more, the smooth straight place of limb
Sawed-off stock, and retain 1~2 branch, saw kerf is then scabbled, and cutting smearing paraffin at mouth；In 5 points of grafting noon before that day
After, choose and give birth to a diameter of l~2cm then, 10~16cm of length, leaf spacing is moderate, the semi-lignified branch of no disease and pests harm, adopts
1/3~1/2 blade and moisturizing are wiped out after collection；Scion is cut into the short circuit fringe of 5~8cm length, selects the more smooth one side of short circuit fringe
To retain junction, pruned with grafting knife along the both sides for retaining face lower end up to 2~3cm, be allowed to the smooth bevel in " wedge " shape, and
Make junction side slightly thick, then press 1 with indoles~3~acetic acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate:2 mixed aqueous solution soaking 10h, wherein 6~
The mass fraction of BA and methyl α-naphthyl acetate is 0.15%, selects the more smooth one side of the stock outer rim handled well, grafting knife rest is existed
In graft union at 1/2~l/3, and grafting knife is set, into " ten " word, then to beat the knife back with shiny surface with mallet, make stock along unity and coherence in writing
Direction is rived, 3~4cm of depth of riving；The side split mouth and do not make junction of stock is gently pried open with grafting knife, then having cut
Scion is inserted along junction side at leisure, scion is alignd with the forming layer of stock, extracts grafting knife out, then with film tape from lower to upper
Wound clockwise tightens until parcel graft union, the thickness of film tape is 0.015~0.020mm, and width is 2~4cm；Again with saturating
Bright polybag covers scion, stock together, and transparent plastic bag opening is bound on stock with packing rope, to keep transparent
Indocalamus shell, is then fixed at 10~20cm above graft union position by the humidity of scion in polybag, indocalamus shell length >=35cm, indocalamus
Shell smooth surface outwardly, to keep side printing opacity, ventilation, avoids sunray direct projection；In time except sprouting after grafting, interface will with lower part
In time except sprouting, prevent sprout tillers from causing to suppress to scion growth, except protection stock trunk is also noted that when sprouting, prevent stock skeleton because
It is withered to lack organic nutrient supply, for the skeleton branch of no grafting survival, it must also retain the branch of a little stock in itself,
In favor of supporting tree, while pest and disease damage is prevented and treated in time.
Engrafting method using example IV to embodiment six, 100 safflower oil teas of grafting, separately set one group June respectively
The middle ten days to early July uses common grafting method grafting, and with common ground film binding grafting mouth, respectively 100 safflower oils of grafting
Tea as a control group, since being completed grafting, is grown to graft survival rate, scion average production respectively in the late June of Second Year
Degree and graft union courses of infection rate carry out investigation statisticses, and statistical result is as shown in table 2：
Table 2
From the data analysis of table 1, engrafting method of the present invention is used mid-June to early July, and prepared with the present invention
Film tape colligation graft union grafting plant, the courses of infection rate of its graft union is 0, and graft survival rate 85% with
On, and common grafting method grafting is used, and with 100 grafting plants of common ground film binding grafting mouth, its grafting survival
Rate is 68%, and graft union has 37% by courses of infection.Therefore, preferential recommendation carries out safflower in mid-June to early July
The grafting of oil tea, and the film tape prepared using the present invention carries out the wrapping of graft union.
The present invention makes full use of the big tree complete root system of plant, can supply scion enough moisture and nutrient, and in original
Tree top retains 1~2 branch, realizes the shade to grafting portion, while by the photosynthesis of branch, provided for grafting fringe bar
Nutrition, graft union is set to heal ahead of time, growing for grafting plant is strong, and the healing of stock interface is fast, and the big survival rate for setting grafting is high,
The consumption of propagating materials is lacked, cultivate cost it is low, in addition, by the use of indocalamus shell be used as shade material, environmental protection, economy, air permeability is good, grafting into
Motility rate is high.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme can be modified
Or equivalent substitution, without departing from the objective and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover the claim in the present invention
Among scope.The present invention be not described in detail technology, shape, construction part be known technology.
Claims (10)
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 1. a kind of safflower oil tea is broken, including the selection of processing, scion of stock, stock split cut, scion Cut, the process of grafting fringe and wrapping, moisture-keeping shading and managing after grafting, transferred annual mid-May to early July Connect, concrete operation step is as follows：1) processing of stock：The stem for choosing robust growth does stock, at the beginning of the last month of spring in winter before grafting or before grafting, in trunk Away from 0.8~1.0m of ground, branch is more, the smooth straight sawed-off stock in place of limb, and retains 1~2 branch, then scabbles saw kerf, And cutting smearing paraffin at mouth；2) selection of scion：Choose and give birth to a diameter of 0.4~1cm then, 10~16cm of length, leaf spacing is moderate, no disease and pests harm Semi-lignified branch, 1/3~1/2 blade and moisturizing are wiped out after collection；3) scion is cut：Scion is cut into the short circuit fringe of 5~8cm length, selects the more smooth one side of short circuit fringe to retain junction, Pruned with grafting knife along the both sides for retaining face lower end up to 2~3cm, be allowed to the smooth bevel in " wedge " shape, and make junction side slightly It is thick；4) splitting for stock is cut：The more smooth one side of the stock outer rim handled well is selected, by grafting knife from the edge of cross section, vertically In bark shiny surface, firmly then 3~4cm of pulldown length, depth are gently dialled between xylem and bast with grafting knife Bast is opened, width is 1~1.5cm, then short grain direction, toward setting aside, length is 2~3cm；5) grafting fringe and wrapping：The side split mouth and do not make junction of stock is gently pried open with grafting knife, then the scion cut Inserted at leisure along junction side, scion is alignd with the forming layer of stock, extract grafting knife out, diameter of stock is less than 3cm graftings 1 Scion, the scion grafting fringe of 3~5cm graftings 2, more than the scion grafting fringe of 5cm graftings 3, then with film tape, wound clockwise tightens directly from lower to upper To parcel graft union；6) moisture-keeping shading：Support is propped up with the wide word directions of bamboo cane ten of 0.6~1cm, support is higher than 5~8cm of fringe bar, then with transparent Polybag covers scion, stock together, and transparent plastic bag opening is bound on stock with packing rope, to keep transparent modeling Indocalamus shell, is then fixed at 10~20cm above graft union position by the humidity of scion in pocket, indocalamus shell length >=35cm, indocalamus shell Smooth surface outwardly, to keep side printing opacity, ventilation, avoids sunray direct projection；7) managing after grafting：In time except sprouting, interface will prevent sprout tillers from causing to suppress to scion growth with lower part in time except sprouting, Except protection stock trunk is also noted that when sprouting, it is withered because organic nutrient supply is lacked to prevent stock skeleton, for not transferring Skeleton branch living is connected into, must also retain the branch of a little stock in itself, in favor of supporting tree, while to prevent and treat pest and disease damage in time.
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 2. a kind of safflower oil tea according to claim 1 is broken, it is characterised in that：In the step 2) The acquisition time of scion be grafting on the day of before 9 points or after 5 points of noon before that day.
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 3. a kind of safflower oil tea according to claim 2 is broken, it is characterised in that：Before also including grafting Deep ploughing dig weeding, deep ploughing digs mid-November that the weeding time is last year to early December, while per 667m2Apply rotten Ripe organic 1000~1500kg of farm manure, nitrogen quantity are less than 10% 40~50kg of composite fertilizer.
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 4. a kind of safflower oil tea according to claim 3 is broken, it is characterised in that：In the step 5) The thickness of film tape is 0.015~0.020mm, and width is 2~4cm.
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 5. a kind of safflower oil tea according to claim 4 is broken, it is characterised in that：The scion is in step Before rapid 5) grafting fringe and wrapping, first 1 is pressed with indoles~3~acetic acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate:2 mixed aqueous solution soaking 10h, wherein 6 The mass fraction of~BA and methyl α-naphthyl acetate is 0.15%.
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 6. a kind of safflower oil tea according to claim 5 is broken, it is characterised in that：In the step 5) Film tape be pyraclostrobin/graphene oxide/chitosan composite aquogel film tape, its preparation method is as follows：Step 1, graphene oxide is taken, add 6~18 times of volumes, in the acetic acid aqueous solution that concentration is 1mol/L, ultrasonic wave disperses 1h, the pyraclostrobin powder of 0.5~0.8 times of weight of graphene oxide is then added, it is in homogeneous shape to stir to solution, continues to stir Mix, and 0.01~0.03 times of Chitosan powder of priority addition 10~15 times of weight of graphene oxide, acetic acid aqueous solution volume Glycerine, 10h is then stirred at room temperature, stand 2h, obtain mixed solution；Step 2, the mixed solution obtained in step 1 is taken, the flow casting molding on the wide slides of 2~4cm, dried at 37 DEG C After 24h, with low concentration aqueous slkali soaking 5min, then repeatedly washed with deionization, be dried in vacuo, that is, obtain film tape.
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 7. a kind of safflower oil tea according to claim 6 is broken, it is characterised in that：In the step 1 Graphene oxide before use, being first surface-treated to graphene oxide, processing method is as follows：Graphene oxide is taken to add The absolute ethyl alcohol of 10 times of volumes, after being sufficiently stirred, the coupling agent γ~shrink for adding 0.1~0.2 times of weight of graphene oxide is sweet Oily ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane, in 80 DEG C of stirred in water bath 30min, centrifugation removes supernatant liquor, by lower floor's product in Fully dried at 80 DEG C, obtain the graphene oxide of functionalization.
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 8. a kind of safflower oil tea according to claim 7 is broken, it is characterised in that：In the step 1 The scattered condition of ultrasonic wave be：Ultrasonic frequency 32KHz, rate of dispersion 45r/s.
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 9. a kind of safflower oil tea according to claim 8 is broken, it is characterised in that：In the step 2 Low concentration alkali solution use 4%NaOH solution.
- The anvil cleft grafting Cultivating techniques 10. a kind of safflower oil tea according to claim 9 is broken, it is characterised in that：The step 2 In vacuum drying condition be：Temperature 45 C~50 DEG C, vacuum 0.09MPa~0.1MPa, drying time 12h.
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| CN111406526A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-14 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广站 | High-position grafting rapid propagation method for mulberry |
| CN111512810A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-11 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Melon grafting seedling method |
| CN114128504A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-04 | 广西师范大学 | Grafting method for improving camellia oleifera variety |
| CN116391518A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-07 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree low-position grafting method for improving survival rate by using water-retaining gel and application |
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| CN111406526A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-14 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广站 | High-position grafting rapid propagation method for mulberry |
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| CN114128504A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-04 | 广西师范大学 | Grafting method for improving camellia oleifera variety |
| CN116391518A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-07 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree low-position grafting method for improving survival rate by using water-retaining gel and application |
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