CN103477875B - Rapid cultivation method for grafting plum by using large peach trees as rootstocks - Google Patents
Rapid cultivation method for grafting plum by using large peach trees as rootstocks Download PDFInfo
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- CN103477875B CN103477875B CN201210206328.XA CN201210206328A CN103477875B CN 103477875 B CN103477875 B CN 103477875B CN 201210206328 A CN201210206328 A CN 201210206328A CN 103477875 B CN103477875 B CN 103477875B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid cultivation method for grafting the plum by using large peach trees as rootstocks. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) rootstock preparation; (2) scion preparation; (3) grafting preparation; (4) implementation by using an appropriate grafting method; (5) management after grafting. The rapid cultivation method for grafting the plum by using large peach trees as rootstocks has the advantages of short cultivation cycle, high survival rate, low cultivation cost, more cultivation varieties, and high utilization value, and can be widely applied to the field of rapid cultivation of large plum trees.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of fast breeding method utilizing large peach to do stock grafting plum blossom, can be widely used in large-scale clube tree quickly breeding field.
Background technology is current, and a large amount of all kinds of peach are planted at vast rural area by China.Mainly comprise cultivation peach and wild peach tree and mountain peach to set, kind refinement nearly more than 1000.According to varietal salt tolerance, natural conditions and social customs of a place adaptability and geographical distribution, cultivation peach can be divided into again south system and north system.Honey peach kind in the system of the north is drought-enduring, cold resistance good, and tree performance is upright, based on middle fruit spur result.Due to reasons such as peach variety and northern water and soil weathers, peach is the optimum phase in 3 ~ 15 years after cultivation, and peach agriculture cultivates peach garden namely about 15 years.Along with the growth of peach, its undesirable root can decompose harmful toxic matter such as generation hydrogen cyanide, formaldehyde etc., these materials can suppress the breathing of peach root, and can kill young root and Xin Gen under the condition of ponding, so the large peach of growth more than 15 years is just called " aged tree " and cuts down.The method of the large peach of this traditional disposal, causes the waste of forest tree resource on the one hand, on the other hand, adds the Financial cost of peach agriculture.Felling cost is not only very high, and when firewood is burnt after felling, does not make full use of its due value and wasted.
Plum blossom, has another name called " five happinesses flower ", is first of the large famous flower of Chinese tradition ten, successfully enters international name flower variety and log in authority.She signifies happy, happy, long-lived, peaceful.The demeanour of the elegant person of outstanding talent's ease of plum blossom makes poet artist at all times be its praise, more because its flesh of ice denounce, Ling Han lasting are called the elite of the Chinese nation and revere by common people.In China, Mei Yusong, bamboo are called as " three durable plants of winter: pine, bamboo and plum blossom ", in afforestation, indoor appreciation, surrounding air purification and drug utilization etc., have very high value.But because clube tree growth is slow, cultivates the large clube tree that a leading thread is 20 centimetres, need the time of 30 years; Again because its cost is high, so could not be used by popularity.
The method of traditional engrafting and cultivating plum blossom, the plum of stock growth in multiplex 1 to 2 year, apricot seedling, also needing to cultivate a lot of year after grafting survival can Cheng great Shu.Because northern spring arid wind is large, bagging is easily moved by wind and scion is rocked, and directly affects it and survives; Although seal with wax, heat insulation effect is pretty good, under high light hot conditions, causes scion easily to drain death after easily melting; Smearing wet mud then easily makes interface infect virus; These are all the key factors affecting grafting survival, and survival rate is low.After grafting survival, will cultivate 30 years again, cultivation period is oversize.The labour cost of nurturing period, land charges and various administrative expenses are high, cultivate cost high.With plum and apricot as stock, wide prum rootstock resource is very rare, seldom selects in practice.And apricot, belonging to rose family apricot belongs to, and plum then belongs to rose family Prunus, so make stock with apricot, in practice, apricot plum system more easily survives, and the plum blossom of other kind not easily survives, or because of the later stage not affine and withered, so, make with apricot the plum blossom Grafted Variety that stock can cultivate few.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of cultivation period is short, survival rate is high, cultivate cost low, cultivate the fast breeding method that the large peach of wide in variety, that value is high utilization does stock grafting plum blossom.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, comprises the steps:
(1) stock prepares: select the large peach of 15 years, after November in the first year, peach leaf dropped, 50 centimetres are stretched out around tree root, excavate wide 15 centimetres, the annular ditch of dark 50 centimetres, after cutting lateral root is carried out to tree, soil is filled out back, at the beginning of next spring by the end of February to 3 month, first as required cutting back is carried out to branch, saw kerf smears consolidant, tree belt soil ball is excavated field planting, the old root of peach before field planting, bad root and dead elimination are gone, and after smearing consolidant, full root sprays extraneous root agent, after field planting, water once permeable, within second day, tread, within 3rd day, entirely set spray with protecting tree general solution, again with lime sulfur by tree whitening, so far, stock is ready to complete stand-by,
(2) scion prepares: select the FLOS MUME flower tree of robust growth as elite stand, adopt that its growth is enriched, healthy and strong, bud wants full branch do scion, adopt lower rear instant two to seal with wax, then preserve, storage can adopt stores sth. in a cellar, and requires temperature-1 DEG C ~+4 DEG C, and keeps higher humidity and suitably ventilation, with keep scion at low temperatures dormancy not dehydration divide, thus ensure the vitality of scion;
(3) grafting prepares: handsaw grafting needed, pruner, grafting knife, cleft grafting cutter, wooden mallet, width are plastic strip, grafting wax, wood powder, the antiseptic solution of 4 ~ 6 centimetres and protect tree general article, ready for use;
(4) suitable grafting method is adopted to implement: at late March to by the end of April, when temperature rebound significantly is to 10 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C, can grafting be started, select fine day to be advisable;
(5) managing after grafting:
(5.1) after grafting 30 days, sprouting can grow, and immediately will spray medicine with the harm of pest control to sprouting;
(5.2) clam worm and peach gummosis, especially wound to be prevented and treated at any time;
(5.3) will according to weather condition, to water in time insulation, except sprouting evil, progressively separate binding, but not disposable releasing early, take side grafting full bag scion, after scion obviously grows, first an osculum is cut off in plastics binding, suitable ventilation, after 9 ~ 11 days, clip is amplified in the binding of periphery, here and extremely anti-like this sprouting withers after disposable releasing binding, after scion survives, when young sprout grows to 40 centimetres, carry out suitable pinching, carry out similar second time as required subsequently, third time pinching, can promote that a large amount of sublateral shoot is formed, favourable quick plentiful tree crown.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for cleft graft: smoothly locate sawed-off at stock bark, interface is scabbled with cutter, then in the middle of stock saw kerf, a kerf is cut, large stock chopper, and down knock with wooden mallet, mouth is split in formation, notch depth requires 4 ~ 5 centimetres, scion is first sealed with wax, >=the face of evenly sealing with wax of 1 centimetre must be guaranteed when scion is sealed with wax, when cutting scion, a bud is stayed in the middle of bevel, stay 2 ~ 3 buds altogether, a cutter is relatively respectively cut in bottom, form wedge, cut long 3 ~ 4 centimetres of bevels of mouth will grow and put down, angle is suitable, make on interface stock, under can engage with scion, mouth will be split pry open, scion is inserted the one side of splitting mouth, the formation layer of the formation layer outside scion and stock is aimed at, to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally during joint 0.4 ~ 0.6 centimetre, for the stock that interface is large, split each slotting scion in mouthful both sides, with mixing wood powder, interface is blocked after inserting, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for side grafting method: smoothly locate at stock bark, with cutter tiltedly partial application from top to down, deeply reach stock xylem, long 3 ~ 4 centimetres of wound, scion seals with wax method by noted earlier, 2 ~ 3 buds are stayed in upper end, 2 horse ear shape inclined-planes are cut in lower end, one face length 3.5 ~ 4.5 centimetres, another face length 2.9 ~ 3.1 centimetres, otch is pried open with cutter, scion is inserted wherein, make the large inclined-plane of scion inwardly, scion both sides or while form the formation layer alignment of layer and stock, with the wood powder shutoff otch mixed, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip, and scion is encased Bao Yan in the lump.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, be two skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery: first want the position of grafting to need otch according to grafting to large stock, then after otch slightly being strutted, pack tightly with black plastic bar, after waiting 10 days callus to grow, cut callus again with thin cutter, by scion quick insertion, require that scion forms layer and aims at stock callus otch.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, said mixing wood powder, with clean wood powder in 1: 1: 1 ratio be mixed into clear water, antiseptic solution, protect tree general solution preparation and form, wood powder is comparatively wet as well agglomerating.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, and protecting tree general solution is the compound preparation that application ultraviolet radiation for sterilizing and disinfecting technology is succeeded in developing.Tu Shuti can form rapidly a kind of diaphragm, asphyxiating sterilization, prevents and treats multiple cortex illness.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, must guarantee the face of evenly sealing with wax of more than 1 centimetre when scion is sealed with wax.When cutting scion, staying a bud relatively good in the middle of bevel, because nutrient is abundanter near bud, producing callus more, favourablely to survive.With the mixing wood powder shutoff interface of the inventive method invention, can effectively play moisturizing, sterilize and prevent interface gummosis, favourable scion survives.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, plum, peach belong to rose family Prunus together, the two is equal belongs to together, affinity is very strong, do stock grafting plum blossom condition in biological physiology characteristic with large peach to possess, especially the true plum system in plum blossom kind, apricot plum system kind, show excellent after grafting, plum blossom can grafting wide in variety.Therefore, cultivate wide in variety.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, adopts " two skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery " grafting method, to mix wood powder sealing-in mouth, then with plastic strip all by interface and the tight tighten of scion bag.After germination, progressively remove bondage, except sprouting evil, pinching and watering, simultaneously timely to the process of gummosis damage by disease and insect.Grafting time is: northern area, and spring, peach sent out tooth early, and the optimum temperature of its callus growth is 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and more than 30 DEG C stop growing, thus, spring grafting time of northern area with the first tenday period of a month in late April to May for the best.Every large peach is according to tree-like tree vigo(u)r, and grafting scion in 20 ~ 40 years is advisable, and utilizes the inventive method, can cultivate the large clube tree that tree crown is plentiful, Hua Mizhi contains in 2 years.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, utilizes large peach to do stock, by cleft grafting, side grafting mode, adopts the graft technology of " two skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery ", realizes the large clube tree of quickly breeding.Can cultivate large clube tree in 2 years, cultivation period is short, and be with native ball survival rate high, grafting expense is low, cultivates cost low, greatly can meet the demand of market to large clube tree resource.Can make full use of by the large peach abandoned, carry out plum blossom grafting, become large clube tree, turn waste into wealth, value is high.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, and the bark of peach is thicker and softer, so during grafting, scion is than how dark slotting on other stock.Adopt two skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery, first on stock, cut otch, the wood chip in face is cut in a light slotting clean similar scion, with black plastic bar, otch is tied up sternly, plastic strip is untied after 10 days, after cutting with thin cutter the callus newly grown along former otch, ready scion quick insertion, only the callus otch that formation layer and the stock of scion newly grows need be alignd, the formation layer of these align both sides easier than conventional method, and the formation layer of scion is directly grown in the callus of stock, more easily survives.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, grafting 40 scion, and observe after one month, 38 scion survive, survival rate 95%, and can form tree crown fast.And conventional method grafting only can 50% survive, also need autumn or Second Year to mend and connect.
In sum, the present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, and cultivation period is short, and survival rate is high, and cultivate cost low, cultivate wide in variety, value is high.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, comprises the steps:
(1) stock prepares: select the large peach of 15 years, after November in the first year, peach leaf dropped, 50 centimetres are stretched out around tree root, excavate wide 15 centimetres, the annular ditch of dark 50 centimetres, after cutting lateral root is carried out to tree, soil is filled out back, at the beginning of next spring by the end of February to 3 month, first as required cutting back is carried out to branch, saw kerf smears consolidant, tree belt soil ball is excavated field planting, the old root of peach before field planting, bad root and dead elimination are gone, and after smearing consolidant, full root sprays extraneous root agent, after field planting, water once permeable, within second day, tread, within 3rd day, entirely set spray with protecting tree general solution, again with lime sulfur by tree whitening, so far, stock is ready to complete stand-by,
(2) scion prepares: select the FLOS MUME flower tree of robust growth as elite stand, adopt that its growth is enriched, healthy and strong, bud wants full branch do scion, adopt lower rear instant two to seal with wax, then preserve, storage can adopt stores sth. in a cellar, and requires temperature-1 DEG C, and keeps higher humidity and suitably ventilation, with keep scion at low temperatures dormancy not dehydration divide, thus ensure the vitality of scion;
(3) grafting prepares: handsaw grafting needed, pruner, grafting knife, cleft grafting cutter, wooden mallet, width are plastic strip, grafting wax, wood powder, the antiseptic solution of 4 ~ 6 centimetres and protect tree general article, ready for use;
(4) suitable grafting method is adopted to implement: at late March to by the end of April, when temperature rebound significantly is to 10 DEG C, can grafting be started, select fine day to be advisable;
(5) managing after grafting:
(5.1) after grafting 30 days, sprouting can grow, and immediately will spray medicine with the harm of pest control to sprouting;
(5.2) clam worm and peach gummosis, especially wound to be prevented and treated at any time;
(5.3) will according to weather condition, to water in time insulation, except sprouting evil, progressively separate binding, but not disposable releasing early, take side grafting full bag scion, after scion obviously grows, first an osculum is cut off in plastics binding, suitable ventilation, after 9 ~ 11 days, clip is amplified in the binding of periphery, here and extremely anti-like this sprouting withers after disposable releasing binding, after scion survives, when young sprout grows to 40 centimetres, carry out suitable pinching, carry out similar second time as required subsequently, third time pinching, can promote that a large amount of sublateral shoot is formed, favourable quick plentiful tree crown.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for cleft graft: smoothly locate sawed-off at stock bark, interface is scabbled with cutter, then in the middle of stock saw kerf, a kerf is cut, large stock chopper, and down knock with wooden mallet, mouth is split in formation, notch depth requires 4 ~ 5 centimetres, scion is first sealed with wax, >=the face of evenly sealing with wax of 1 centimetre must be guaranteed when scion is sealed with wax, when cutting scion, a bud is stayed in the middle of bevel, stay 2 ~ 3 buds altogether, a cutter is relatively respectively cut in bottom, form wedge, cut long 3 ~ 4 centimetres of bevels of mouth will grow and put down, angle is suitable, make on interface stock, under can engage with scion, mouth will be split pry open, scion is inserted the one side of splitting mouth, the formation layer of the formation layer outside scion and stock is aimed at, to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally during joint 0.4 ~ 0.6 centimetre, for the stock that interface is large, split each slotting scion in mouthful both sides, with mixing wood powder, interface is blocked after inserting, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for side grafting method: smoothly locate at stock bark, with cutter tiltedly partial application from top to down, deeply reach stock xylem, long 3 ~ 4 centimetres of wound, scion seals with wax method by noted earlier, 2 ~ 3 buds are stayed in upper end, 2 horse ear shape inclined-planes are cut in lower end, one face length 3.5 ~ 4.6 centimetres, another face length 2.9 ~ 3.1 centimetres, otch is pried open with cutter, scion is inserted wherein, make the large inclined-plane of scion inwardly, scion both sides or while form the formation layer alignment of layer and stock, with the wood powder shutoff otch mixed, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip, and scion is encased Bao Yan in the lump.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, be two skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery: first want the position of grafting to need otch according to grafting to large stock, then after otch slightly being strutted, pack tightly with black plastic bar, after waiting 10 days callus to grow, cut callus again with thin cutter, by scion quick insertion, require that scion forms layer and aims at stock callus otch.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, said mixing wood powder, with clean wood powder in 1: 1: 1 ratio be mixed into clear water, antiseptic solution, protect tree general solution preparation and form, wood powder is comparatively wet as well agglomerating.
Embodiment 2:
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, comprises the steps:
(1) stock prepares: select the large peach of 15 years, after November in the first year, peach leaf dropped, 50 centimetres are stretched out around tree root, excavate wide 15 centimetres, the annular ditch of dark 50 centimetres, after cutting lateral root is carried out to tree, soil is filled out back, at the beginning of next spring by the end of February to 3 month, first as required cutting back is carried out to branch, saw kerf smears consolidant, tree belt soil ball is excavated field planting, the old root of peach before field planting, bad root and dead elimination are gone, and after smearing consolidant, full root sprays extraneous root agent, after field planting, water once permeable, within second day, tread, within 3rd day, entirely set spray with protecting tree general solution, again with lime sulfur by tree whitening, so far, stock is ready to complete stand-by,
(2) scion prepares: select the FLOS MUME flower tree of robust growth as elite stand, adopt that its growth is enriched, healthy and strong, bud wants full branch do scion, adopt lower rear instant two to seal with wax, then preserve, storage can adopt stores sth. in a cellar, and requires temperature 4 DEG C, and keeps higher humidity and suitably ventilation, with keep scion at low temperatures dormancy not dehydration divide, thus ensure the vitality of scion;
(3) grafting prepares: handsaw grafting needed, pruner, grafting knife, cleft grafting cutter, wooden mallet, width are plastic strip, grafting wax, wood powder, the antiseptic solution of 4 ~ 6 centimetres and protect tree general article, ready for use;
(4) suitable grafting method is adopted to implement: at late March to by the end of April, when temperature rebound significantly is to 20 DEG C, can grafting be started, select fine day to be advisable;
(5) managing after grafting:
(5.1) after grafting 30 days, sprouting can grow, and immediately will spray medicine with the harm of pest control to sprouting;
(5.2) clam worm and peach gummosis, especially wound to be prevented and treated at any time;
(5.3) will according to weather condition, to water in time insulation, except sprouting evil, progressively separate binding, but not disposable releasing early, take side grafting full bag scion, after scion obviously grows, first an osculum is cut off in plastics binding, suitable ventilation, after 9 ~ 11 days, clip is amplified in the binding of periphery, here and extremely anti-like this sprouting withers after disposable releasing binding, after scion survives, when young sprout grows to 40 centimetres, carry out suitable pinching, carry out similar second time as required subsequently, third time pinching, can promote that a large amount of sublateral shoot is formed, favourable quick plentiful tree crown.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for cleft graft: smoothly locate sawed-off at stock bark, interface is scabbled with cutter, then in the middle of stock saw kerf, a kerf is cut, large stock chopper, and down knock with wooden mallet, mouth is split in formation, notch depth requires 4 ~ 5 centimetres, scion is first sealed with wax, >=the face of evenly sealing with wax of 1 centimetre must be guaranteed when scion is sealed with wax, when cutting scion, a bud is stayed in the middle of bevel, stay 2 ~ 3 buds altogether, a cutter is relatively respectively cut in bottom, form wedge, cut long 3 ~ 4 centimetres of bevels of mouth will grow and put down, angle is suitable, make on interface stock, under can engage with scion, mouth will be split pry open, scion is inserted the one side of splitting mouth, the formation layer of the formation layer outside scion and stock is aimed at, to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally during joint 0.4 ~ 0.6 centimetre, for the stock that interface is large, split each slotting scion in mouthful both sides, with mixing wood powder, interface is blocked after inserting, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for side grafting method: smoothly locate at stock bark, with cutter tiltedly partial application from top to down, deeply reach stock xylem, long 3 ~ 4 centimetres of wound, scion seals with wax method by noted earlier, 2 ~ 3 buds are stayed in upper end, 2 horse ear shape inclined-planes are cut in lower end, one face length 3.5 ~ 4.5 centimetres, another face length 2.9 ~ 3.1 centimetres, otch is pried open with cutter, scion is inserted wherein, make the large inclined-plane of scion inwardly, scion both sides or while form the formation layer alignment of layer and stock, with the wood powder shutoff otch mixed, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip, and scion is encased Bao Yan in the lump.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, be two skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery: first want the position of grafting to need otch according to grafting to large stock, then after otch slightly being strutted, pack tightly with black plastic bar, after waiting 10 days callus to grow, cut callus again with thin cutter, by scion quick insertion, require that scion forms layer and aims at stock callus otch.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, said mixing wood powder, with clean wood powder in 1: 1: 1 ratio be mixed into clear water, antiseptic solution, protect tree general solution preparation and form, wood powder is comparatively wet as well agglomerating.
Embodiment 3:
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, comprises the steps:
(1) stock prepares: select the large peach of 15 years, after November in the first year, peach leaf dropped, 50 centimetres are stretched out around tree root, excavate wide 15 centimetres, the annular ditch of dark 50 centimetres, after cutting lateral root is carried out to tree, soil is filled out back, at the beginning of next spring by the end of February to 3 month, first as required cutting back is carried out to branch, saw kerf smears consolidant, tree belt soil ball is excavated field planting, the old root of peach before field planting, bad root and dead elimination are gone, and after smearing consolidant, full root sprays extraneous root agent, after field planting, water once permeable, within second day, tread, within 3rd day, entirely set spray with protecting tree general solution, again with lime sulfur by tree whitening, so far, stock is ready to complete stand-by,
(2) scion prepares: select the FLOS MUME flower tree of robust growth as elite stand, adopt that its growth is enriched, healthy and strong, bud wants full branch do scion, adopt lower rear instant two to seal with wax, then preserve, storage can adopt stores sth. in a cellar, and requires temperature 2 DEG C, and keeps higher humidity and suitably ventilation, with keep scion at low temperatures dormancy not dehydration divide, thus ensure the vitality of scion;
(3) grafting prepares: handsaw grafting needed, pruner, grafting knife, cleft grafting cutter, wooden mallet, width are plastic strip, grafting wax, wood powder, the antiseptic solution of 4 ~ 6 centimetres and protect tree general article, ready for use;
(4) suitable grafting method is adopted to implement: at late March to by the end of April, when temperature rebound significantly is to 15 DEG C, can grafting be started, select fine day to be advisable;
(5) managing after grafting:
(5.1) after grafting 30 days, sprouting can grow, and immediately will spray medicine with the harm of pest control to sprouting;
(5.2) clam worm and peach gummosis, especially wound to be prevented and treated at any time;
(5.3) will according to weather condition, to water in time insulation, except sprouting evil, progressively separate binding, but not disposable releasing early, take side grafting full bag scion, after scion obviously grows, first an osculum is cut off in plastics binding, suitable ventilation, after 9 ~ 11 days, clip is amplified in the binding of periphery, here and extremely anti-like this sprouting withers after disposable releasing binding, after scion survives, when young sprout grows to 40 centimetres, carry out suitable pinching, carry out similar second time as required subsequently, third time pinching, can promote that a large amount of sublateral shoot is formed, favourable quick plentiful tree crown.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for cleft graft: smoothly locate sawed-off at stock bark, interface is scabbled with cutter, then in the middle of stock saw kerf, a kerf is cut, large stock chopper, and down knock with wooden mallet, mouth is split in formation, notch depth requires 4 ~ 5 centimetres, scion is first sealed with wax, >=the face of evenly sealing with wax of 1 centimetre must be guaranteed when scion is sealed with wax, when cutting scion, a bud is stayed in the middle of bevel, stay 2 ~ 3 buds altogether, a cutter is relatively respectively cut in bottom, form wedge, cut long 3 ~ 4 centimetres of bevels of mouth will grow and put down, angle is suitable, make on interface stock, under can engage with scion, mouth will be split pry open, scion is inserted the one side of splitting mouth, the formation layer of the formation layer outside scion and stock is aimed at, to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally during joint 0.4 ~ 0.6 centimetre, for the stock that interface is large, split each slotting scion in mouthful both sides, with mixing wood powder, interface is blocked after inserting, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for side grafting method: smoothly locate at stock bark, with cutter tiltedly partial application from top to down, deeply reach stock xylem, long 3 ~ 4 centimetres of wound, scion seals with wax method by noted earlier, 2 ~ 3 buds are stayed in upper end, 2 horse ear shape inclined-planes are cut in lower end, one face length 3.5 ~ 4.5 centimetres, another face length 2.9 ~ 3.1 centimetres, otch is pried open with cutter, scion is inserted wherein, make the large inclined-plane of scion inwardly, scion both sides or while form the formation layer alignment of layer and stock, with the wood powder shutoff otch mixed, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip, and scion is encased Bao Yan in the lump.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, be two skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery: first want the position of grafting to need otch according to grafting to large stock, then after otch slightly being strutted, pack tightly with black plastic bar, after waiting 10 days callus to grow, cut callus again with thin cutter, by scion quick insertion, require that scion forms layer and aims at stock callus otch.
The present invention utilizes large peach to make the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, said mixing wood powder, with clean wood powder in 1: 1: 1 ratio be mixed into clear water, antiseptic solution, protect tree general solution preparation and form, wood powder is comparatively wet as well agglomerating.
Claims (5)
1. utilize large peach to make a fast breeding method for stock grafting plum blossom, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) stock prepares: select the large peach of 15 years, after November in the first year, peach leaf dropped, 50 centimetres are stretched out around tree root, excavate wide 15 centimetres, the annular ditch of dark 50 centimetres, after cutting lateral root is carried out to tree, soil is filled out back, at the beginning of next spring by the end of February to 3 month, first as required cutting back is carried out to branch, saw kerf smears consolidant, tree belt soil ball is excavated field planting, the old root of peach before field planting, bad root and dead elimination are gone, and after smearing consolidant, full root sprays extraneous root agent, after field planting, water once permeable, within second day, tread, within 3rd day, entirely set spray with protecting tree general solution, again with lime sulfur by tree whitening, so far, stock is ready to complete stand-by,
(2) scion prepares: select the FLOS MUME flower tree of robust growth as elite stand, adopt that its growth is enriched, healthy and strong, bud wants full branch do scion, adopt lower rear instant two to seal with wax, then preserve, storage can adopt stores sth. in a cellar, and requires temperature-1 DEG C ~+4 DEG C, and keeps higher humidity and suitably ventilation, with keep scion at low temperatures dormancy not dehydration divide, thus ensure the vitality of scion;
(3) grafting prepares: handsaw grafting needed, pruner, grafting knife, cleft grafting cutter, wooden mallet, width are plastic strip, grafting wax, wood powder, the antiseptic solution of 4 ~ 6 centimetres and protect tree general article, ready for use;
(4) suitable grafting method is adopted to implement: at late March to by the end of April, when temperature rebound significantly is to 10 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C, can grafting be started, select fine day to be advisable;
(5) managing after grafting:
(5.1) after grafting 30 days, sprouting can grow, and immediately will spray medicine with the harm of pest control to sprouting;
(5.2) clam worm and peach gummosis, especially wound to be prevented and treated at any time;
(5.3) will according to weather condition, to water in time insulation, except sprouting evil, progressively separate binding, but not disposable releasing early, take side grafting full bag scion, after scion obviously grows, first an osculum is cut off in plastics binding, suitable ventilation, after 9 ~ 11 days, clip is amplified in the binding of periphery, here and extremely anti-like this sprouting withers after disposable releasing binding, after scion survives, when young sprout grows to 40 centimetres, carry out suitable pinching, carry out similar second time as required subsequently, third time pinching, can promote that a large amount of sublateral shoot is formed, favourable quick plentiful tree crown.
2. the large peach of utilization according to claim 1 makes the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, it is characterized in that, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for cleft graft: smoothly locate sawed-off at stock bark, interface is scabbled with cutter, then in the middle of stock saw kerf, a kerf is cut, large stock chopper, and down knock with wooden mallet, mouth is split in formation, notch depth requires 4 ~ 5 centimetres, scion is first sealed with wax, >=the face of evenly sealing with wax of 1 centimetre must be guaranteed when scion is sealed with wax, when cutting scion, stay 2 ~ 3 buds, a bud is stayed in the middle of bevel, a cutter is relatively respectively cut in bottom, form wedge, cut long 3 ~ 4 centimetres of bevels of mouth will grow and put down, angle is suitable, make on interface stock, under can engage with scion, mouth will be split pry open, scion is inserted the one side of splitting mouth, the formation layer of the formation layer outside scion and stock is aimed at, to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally during joint 0.4 ~ 0.6 centimetre, for the stock that interface is large, split each slotting scion in mouthful both sides, with mixing wood powder, interface is blocked after inserting, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip.
3. the large peach of utilization according to claim 1 makes the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, it is characterized in that, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, for side grafting method: smoothly locate at stock bark, with cutter tiltedly partial application from top to down, deeply reach stock xylem, long 4 ~ 5 centimetres of wound, scion seals with wax method by noted earlier, 2 ~ 3 buds are stayed in upper end, 2 horse ear shape inclined-planes are cut in lower end, one face length 3.5 ~ 4.5 centimetres, another face length 2.9 ~ 3.1 centimetres, otch is pried open with cutter, scion is inserted wherein, make the large inclined-plane of scion inwardly, scion both sides or while form the formation layer alignment of layer and stock, with the wood powder shutoff otch mixed, tight tighten is tied with plastic strip, and scion is encased Bao Yan in the lump.
4. the large peach of utilization according to claim 1 makes the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, it is characterized in that, the grafting method that said employing is suitable, be two skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery: first want the position of grafting to need otch according to grafting to large stock, after then otch slightly being strutted, pack tightly with black plastic bar, after growing Deng 10 days callus, cut callus again with thin cutter, by scion quick insertion, require that scion forms layer and aims at stock callus otch.
5. the large peach of utilization according to claim 1 makes the fast breeding method of stock grafting plum blossom, it is characterized in that, mixing wood powder, with clean wood powder by 1: 1: 1 ratio be mixed into clear water, antiseptic solution, protect tree general solution preparation and form, wood powder comparatively wets as well agglomerating.
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| CN103947487A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 徐世云 | Prevention method of peach gummosis |
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| CN104429575A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-03-25 | 绍兴市林木种苗管理站 | Plum blossom bonsai and cultivating method thereof |
| CN105075682A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-25 | 安顺市西秀区春实绿化苗木有限公司 | Method for grafting red plum and peach |
| CN106358774A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-02-01 | 曹淑云 | Chinese chestnut big-tree top-grafting method |
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| CN115088493A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-23 | 辽宁省旱地农林研究所 | Improved variety transformation method for low-yield orchard of large flat apricots |
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| KR100431498B1 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2004-05-12 | 임황빈 | Eoul-tree Graft-method Using Grafting |
| CN1918974B (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2010-05-12 | 朱志奇 | Mume flower grafting rapid reproduction method by using big apricot tree as rootstock |
| CN101283659B (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2010-06-23 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Jatropha curcas budgrafting high order grafting improved method |
| CN101611686A (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-30 | 韩国平 | The grafting method of one plant species |
| CN101946671B (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2011-09-28 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Method for controlling crown growth of peach tree by using inter stocks |
| CN102440165A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-05-09 | 张媛媛 | Method of cultivating amygdalus persica A.N. trees |
| CN102138478A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-08-03 | 朔州市朔城区富强种植专业合作社 | Short-term cultivation method of peach tree in pot in the North |
| CN102379216B (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-05-08 | 朱志奇 | Method for breeding plum blossom in true mume group by grafting on apricot tree |
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