CN106358774A - Chinese chestnut big-tree top-grafting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a Chinese chestnut big-tree top-grafting method and belongs to the technical field of wood fruit tree farming. According to the method, a big branch is reserved at the top of a tree body during cleaning, residual big branches are short-pruned, movable supporting columns are reserved at the front ends, and the tree bark at the movable supporting columns are peeled off; unions are sealed and are bound by using black plastic strips or a neutral plastic sealing adhesive; movable supporting columns left on the tree body are used for binding new shoots; after grafting and survival, the big branch reserved at the top is removed, or after the reserved branch bears fruits, the branch is removed in winter pruning. The grafting survival rate can be improved, vigorous growth of new shoots is avoided, and films can be prevented from being damaged due to pipping of birds. The unions are sealed by using the plastic sealing adhesive, the working efficiency is greatly improved, and meanwhile a later unbinding process is omitted. Therefore, labor and time are saved. Additional supporting rod binding is not needed during new shoot binding.

Description

Semen Castaneae big tree high connecting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of big tree high connecting method of Semen Castaneae, belong to fruit trees technical field of cultivation.

Background technology

The grafting high and changing head of the big tree of Semen Castaneae is many to be carried out in spring, the method being connect using slotting leather belly.The big height of tree of traditional Semen Castaneae connects Method is to seam by whole for all boughs cutting backs, needs later stage bondage to prop up rod.Moulded with the white of wide 3cm, long 30～40cm Material strip tightens interface, because being also easy to produce water droplet inside plastic foil, after birds find water droplet, often pips plastic foil for drinking water, Thus leading to scion dehydration, grafting failure.For tying up plastic strip, the later stage need to be lightened restrictions on, otherwise young sprout occur " card neck " and Fracture.

Content of the invention

Present invention seek to address that the problem that above-mentioned Semen Castaneae big tree high connecting method exists, and provide one kind can improve grafting Motility rate, prevents young sprout from being rolled over by wind, it is to avoid the prosperous length of young sprout, saves operation and recruitment, Semen Castaneae easy and simple to handle big tree high connecting method.

The present invention solves its technical problem and the technical scheme is that

A kind of Semen Castaneae big tree high connecting method it is characterised in that:

(1), during tree body cleaning, reserve a bough, remaining bough cutting back at top, and leave pillar alive in front end, pillar of living Partial bark is peeled off；

(2) obturage interface when, with black plastic bar bondage interface, or seal interface with neutral plastic packaging glue；

(3) the pillar bondage young sprout alive with staying in tree body；

(4) after grafting survival, bough is reserved at top to remove, or after reserved branch result, remove when cutting in the winter.

Further, carry out in the steps below:

(1) scion collection is with storage: during pruning, upper full, healthy and strong, no disease pest the 1 year raw branch of collection improved seeds tree connects Fringe；Storage: load plastic bag after sealing with wax and store sth. in a cellar, or be directly placed into storage in cellar, or in the shady spot Sha Zang such as house；

(2) tree body cleaning: stay an oblique bough in big treetop portion, remaining bough cutting back, and all leave pillar alive, pillar of living Partial bark is peeled off；

(3) spring grafting, engrafting method is to insert leather belly to connect:

A, the smooth position at grafting, cut " t " font interface, cut a gradient above otch；

B, cut horse ear shape inclined-plane in scion bottom, bottom is scabbled as deep as at xylem 1/2nd；Are fined away in bottom at the back side, top The epidermis of thin layer is removed, leaves the phloem of green；Then stock is inserted in scion, scion wound exposes interface 0.5cm；

C, rapidly interface is tightened with the black plastic bar of wide 3cm, long 30～40cm, be knot that can be undone by a pull；Or with neutral plastic packaging glue envelope Live interface and replace plastics bondage；

(4) manage after connecing:

A, check survival rate within half month after connecing, the timely benefit that do not survive of part is connect；

B, remove sprout tillers, connect latter 10 days stocks and sprout tillers occur, erase in time；Smear within 1 year 3～4 times, until scion growth is vigorous；

C, lighten restrictions on, using tying up the sealing of black plastic bar, in connecing latter one month, the black plastic bar of bondage is unclamped, Ran Houzai Loosely bind；

D, bondage young sprout, when meeting the long 30cm of latter one month young sprout, with the pillar bondage young sprout alive staying in tree body；Later with new The tip grows, then ties up 3～4 roads；

E, pinching, pinching during young sprout length 30～40cm that scion grows, continuously pluck again 1～2 time later；

Bough is reserved at f, removal top, after grafting survival, top is reserved bough and removes；Or, for relaxing the life of the branch sprouted Growing way, it is to avoid the prosperous length of branch, after reserved branch result, removes top when cutting in the winter again and reserves bough；

G, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, are manually shaken off and are catched and killed with black light lamps insect chafer or dusk after spring rudiment；To weevil, Spray 1000～1500 times of liquid preventing and treatings of 48% chlorpyrifos ec；Interface has disease, applies Bordeaux mixture preventing and treating；Prevention clearwing moth danger Evil: with the dense pesticide of abnormal smells from the patient and flour with become paste, be coated on the plastic foil lightened restrictions on.

Using the present invention of technique scheme, compared with prior art, its advantage is:

1. during tree body cleaning, one bough in reserved top, remaining bough cutting back, it is to pull tree body that a bough is reserved at top Moisture is transported up, and is conducive to improving graft survival rate then；Simultaneously because this result, consume nutrient, can alleviate and sprout then The growth potential of the branch sent out, it is to avoid prosperous length.

2. black plastic bar bondage interface, even if internal produce moisture, outside is also invisible, such that it is able to prevent well Film is pipped by birds.

3. seal interface with plastic packaging glue, greatly improve work efficiency, the operation lightened restrictions on after simultaneously eliminating, therefore saving of labor Save time.

4. during bondage young sprout, using reserved pillar alive, a rod need not in addition be tied up.

5. top is reserved in the process of bough, if be only improving graft survival rate, can remove it after grafting survival； For relaxing the growth potential of the branch sprouted, it is to avoid the prosperous length of branch, can remove when cutting in the winter after reserved branch result.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is schematic diagram before tree body cleaning；

Fig. 2 is schematic diagram after traditional tree body cleaning；

Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention tree body cleaning after schematic diagram, wherein, 1 be tree body top reserve bough, 2 is skinned Leg portion alive, 3 is the part preparing to connect several scion；

Fig. 4 is stock interface diagram front view；

Fig. 5 is stock interface diagram side view；

Fig. 6 is that schematic diagram is cut in scion；

Fig. 7 is insertion scion schematic diagram；

Fig. 8 is black plastic bar bondage interface diagram；

Fig. 9 is that tight interface diagram smeared by plastic packaging glue.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated, but embodiment does not constitute any limit to the present invention System.

A kind of big tree high connecting method of Semen Castaneae, is carried out in the steps below:

(1) scion collection and storage.

Collection scion is typically carried out with pruning, upper full, healthy and strong, no disease pest the 1 year raw branch of collection improved seeds tree Make scion, every hundred scion break into 1 bundle, indicate kind.Have multiple storage practices, one be seal with wax after load plastic bag and store sth. in a cellar: will Scion, in 100～130 DEG C of paraffin middling speed libation at an ancient wedding ceremonys, is placed on after loading plastic bag in low temperature cellar for storing things and preserves.Two is can be directly placed in cellar Storage: interior temperature in cellar is less than 5 DEG C, and scion bottom wet sand is buried, husky humidity is 60%.Three is also can be in the shade in house etc. Place is husky to hide.First spread one layer of wet sand in shady spot, stand on bundled for scion in wet sand, have space between bundle and bundle, then use wet sand Entirely bury, husky humidity is 60%.

2nd, grafting time.

Spring grafting, for example, in Hebei Zunhua, generally mid or late April.

3rd, engrafting method is to insert leather belly to connect.

3.1 tree body cleanings.Referring to Fig. 3, stay an oblique bough in big treetop portion, remaining bough cutting back, and all leave work Pillar, the bark of leg portion of living is peeled off.The bough that top is reserved is to pull tree body moisture to be transported up, being conducive to carrying Height graft survival rate then；Simultaneously because this result, consume nutrient, the growth potential of the branch sprouted then can be alleviated, it is to avoid Prosperous length.

3.2 cut-grafting mouths.Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, at the smooth position wanting grafting, cut " t " font interface, above otch Cut a gradient.

3.3 cut scion and insert interface.Referring to Fig. 6, cut horse ear shape inclined-plane in scion bottom, bottom is as deep as two points of xylem One of place scabble；Simply fine away bottom in the back side, top only removes the epidermis of thin layer, leaves phloem (Fig. 6 of green In 1 part)；Referring to Fig. 7, stock is inserted in scion, scion wound exposes interface 0.5cm.

3.4 obturage interface.Referring to Fig. 8, rapidly interface is tightened with the black plastic bar of wide 3cm, long 30～40cm, be work Button.Referring to Fig. 9 it is also possible to plastic packaging glue seals interface replaces plastics bondage: the species from glue is neutral gum, with spile glue Smear and be strict in seam.Glue sealing-in mouth can greatly improve work efficiency, and the operation lightened restrictions on after simultaneously eliminating, therefore saving of labor save When, it is the method being worth advocating.

4th, manage after connecing.

4.1 inspections survive, and mend in time and connect.Check survival rate within half month after connecing, can mend in time to what part did not survived Connect.

4.2 remove sprout tillers.Connect rear 10d stock and sprout tillers occurs, erase in time.To smear within 1 year 3～4 times, until scion life Length is vigorous.

4.3 lightening restrictions on.For tying up black plastic strip, in connecing latter one month, the black plastic strip of bondage is unclamped, then more relatively Loose ground is bound.Plastic packaging Jiao Fengjiekou's, no this operation.

4.4 bondage young sprouts.When meeting the long 30cm of latter one month young sprout, prop up rod bondage young sprout with the work staying in tree body, prevent The branch growing is rolled over by wind.Later with young sprout growth, then tie up 3～4 roads.

4.5 pinching.Want pinching during the young sprout length 30～40cm growing in scion, continuously pluck again 1～2 time later, can promote Branch, shapes ahead of time.

4.6 remove top reserves bough.If be only improving graft survival rate, can remove it after grafting survival；For Relax the growth potential of the branch sprouted, it is to avoid the prosperous length of branch, can remove when cutting in the winter after reserved branch result.

4.7 prevention and elimination of disease and pests.The leafeating insects such as chafer, weevil are often had after spring rudiment.To chafer, available black light Lamp is trapped and killed, and can manually shake off at dusk and catch and kill；To weevil, 1000～1500 times of liquid of 48% chlorpyrifos ec can be sprayed and prevented Control.Interface, if there are disease, can apply Bordeaux mixture preventing and treating；In addition, the dense pesticide of available abnormal smells from the patient and flour and become paste, it is coated in pine Prevention clearwing moth harm on the plastic foil tied up.

Above-described embodiment is only the explanation for example to the present invention.Those skilled in the art can be right Described specific embodiment is made various modifications or supplements or substituted using similar mode, but without departing from this Bright spirit or surmount scope defined in appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of Semen Castaneae big tree high connecting method it is characterised in that:

(1), during tree body cleaning, reserve a bough, remaining bough cutting back at top, and leave pillar alive in front end, pillar of living Partial bark is peeled off；

(2) obturage interface when, with black plastic bar bondage interface, or seal interface with neutral plastic packaging glue；

(3) the pillar bondage young sprout alive with staying in tree body；

(4) after grafting survival, bough is reserved at top to remove, or after reserved branch result, remove when cutting in the winter.

2. Semen Castaneae according to claim 1 big tree high connecting method is it is characterised in that carry out in the steps below:

(1) scion collection is with storage: during pruning, upper full, healthy and strong, no disease pest the 1 year raw branch of collection improved seeds tree connects Fringe；Storage: load plastic bag after sealing with wax and store sth. in a cellar, or be directly placed into storage in cellar, or in the shady spot Sha Zang such as house；

(2) tree body cleaning: stay an oblique bough in big treetop portion, remaining bough cutting back, and all leave pillar alive, pillar of living Partial bark is peeled off；

(3) spring grafting, engrafting method is to insert leather belly to connect:

A, the smooth position at grafting, cut " t " font interface, cut a gradient above otch；

B, cut horse ear shape inclined-plane in scion bottom, bottom is scabbled as deep as at xylem 1/2nd；Are fined away in bottom at the back side, top The epidermis of thin layer is removed, leaves the phloem of green；Then stock is inserted in scion, scion wound exposes interface 0.5cm；

C, rapidly interface is tightened with the black plastic bar of wide 3cm, long 30～40cm, be knot that can be undone by a pull；Or with neutral plastic packaging glue envelope Live interface and replace plastics bondage；

(4) manage after connecing:

A, check survival rate within half month after connecing, the timely benefit that do not survive of part is connect；

B, remove sprout tillers, connect latter 10 days stocks and sprout tillers occur, erase in time；Smear within 1 year 3～4 times, until scion growth is vigorous；

C, lighten restrictions on, using tying up the sealing of black plastic bar, in connecing latter one month, the black plastic bar of bondage is unclamped, Ran Houzai Loosely bind；

D, bondage young sprout, when meeting the long 30cm of latter one month young sprout, with the pillar bondage young sprout alive staying in tree body；Later with new The tip grows, then ties up 3～4 roads；

E, pinching, pinching during young sprout length 30～40cm that scion grows, continuously pluck again 1～2 time later；

Bough is reserved at f, removal top, after grafting survival, top is reserved bough and removes；Or, for relaxing the life of the branch sprouted Growing way, it is to avoid the prosperous length of branch, after reserved branch result, removes top when cutting in the winter again and reserves bough；

G, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, are manually shaken off and are catched and killed with black light lamps insect chafer or dusk after spring rudiment；To weevil, Spray 1000～1500 times of liquid preventing and treatings of 48% chlorpyrifos ec；Interface has disease, applies Bordeaux mixture preventing and treating；Prevention clearwing moth danger Evil: with the dense pesticide of abnormal smells from the patient and flour with become paste, be coated on the plastic foil lightened restrictions on.