CN104429508A - Chimonanthus praecox cutting propagation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and specifically provides a cutting propagation method of Wintersweet, comprising the following steps: A. The cutting time is selected in early June, and the cutting matrix is prepared and sterilized 2 days before cutting; B. The young and tender branches of Wintersweet are taken, Cut the upper part into cuttings, cut the cuttings into a horseshoe shape, soak and disinfect the cuttings after cutting; C. prepare the 1500-2500mg/Kg indolebutyric acid solution with 50% alcohol by volume, and the lower part of the cuttings obtained in B 1 After dipping -2cm in indole butyric acid solution for 8-12s, the cuttings are fixed in the matrix described in A; D. Disinfect every week, and control the relative humidity around the cuttings in C to 85-95% by spraying, and the ambient temperature Do not exceed 40°C until the lateral roots grow, and the cutting seedlings are obtained and transplanted. The method of the invention has a high survival rate of up to 85%, is beneficial to maintaining the ornamental properties and rapid propagation of the wintersweet varieties, does not cause separation of characters, and has very good industrial application prospects.

Description

A kind of cutting propagation method of wintersweet

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and in particular relates to a method for asexual propagation of plants. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for cutting and propagating wintersweet.

Background technique

Wintersweet, deciduous shrub, up to 4-5 meters high, often clustered, opposite leaves, papery, elliptic-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate, margin entire, buds with numerous imbricate scales, The leaves bloom first at the end of winter. The flowers are solitary in the leaf axils of the annual branches, with short stalks and cup-shaped receptacles. The perianth is arranged in a spiral shape, yellow and waxy. The flowering period is December-January, with a strong fragrance. There are many achenes and mature in June-July. There are solitary wintersweet and clustered wintersweet. The single stem has an obvious trunk and a certain height, while the clustered one is relatively short, about 3 to 3.5 meters high, and the trunk part is not prominent. Wintersweet is native to the central part of my country, and is now cultivated in various places. It likes sunlight, can tolerate shade, cold, and drought, and avoids waterlogging. Wintersweet blooms proudly in frosty and snowy weather. The flowers are yellow like wax and fragrant. It is the main flower and tree for viewing in winter. The flowers of wintersweet are processed and are valuable medicinal materials, which have the effect of detoxifying and promoting body fluid.

The propagation methods of wintersweet include: sowing, grafting, branching, and cutting methods. Seedlings propagated by seed cannot maintain the good characteristics of the variety. The most commonly used method is grafting. Budding and cutting are commonly used for grafting, which are usually carried out in the dormant season of wintersweet, and after the grafting survives, more than two buddings need to be carried out in the growing season; moreover, the cost of budding and cutting is high and uneconomical. Wintersweet is easy to break when encountering strong winds, and requires manual binding, which increases production costs. Branch propagation is mainly used when propagating Wintersweet, there is no mature branching method on other varieties of Wintersweet.

The wintersweet cutting propagation method is a simple and fast method for propagating wintersweet to solve the lack of fine varieties of wintersweet seedlings on the market and the decreasing number of fine varieties of wintersweet. The patent application Wintersweet Cutting Propagation Method (publication number 1015195, application number 86100588) disclosed on December 16, 1987 by Shanghai Institute of Meteorological Sciences introduced the concrete operation of Wintersweet cuttings as follows: select adult Wintersweet as the mother plant, select The branches on the mother plant are propagated, and the biennial shoots are selected to take 2-3 pairs of buds and 10-20cm long cut branches as cuttings, and the cuttings are treated with a mixed solution of 30-60ppm indoleacetic acid and 30-60ppm naphthaleneacetic acid , the processing time is 15-26 hours. After the cuttings are treated with the medicinal solution, they are sterilized by immersing in 0.1-0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 2-10 minutes. The sterilized and treated cuttings are placed in a mixed medium of mountain mud, yellow sand, husker ash and charcoal. The environmental requirements for cuttings cultivation are as follows, the ground temperature is maintained at 15-28°C, the surface temperature is maintained at 0-25°C, the air temperature is maintained at 0-25°C, the relative air humidity is maintained at 65-100%, and the relative humidity of the soil is maintained at 0-25°C. Maintain at 30-40%. Soil pH is maintained at pH 5.0-7.0. There are following defects in this method:

1. Materials: Use biennial shoots with 2 to 3 pairs of buds and 10 to 20 cm long cuttings as cuttings, which actually belong to hard branch cuttings. Practice has proved that annual branches have the same characteristics as seedlings and have the ability to regenerate Strong and rich in nutrients, but the regeneration ability of biennial branches is not as good as that of young annual branches, so the survival rate of hard branch cuttings is lower than that of tender branch cuttings.

2. Season: The cuttings are carried out in the dormant season, and the nutrients are only consumed but not accumulated. During the growing season in summer, the plants can produce new nutrients for metabolic needs, and the plants are generally pruned in summer, and the pruning is carried out during the pruning period. Cuttings can save materials, make full use of resources, and save costs.

3. Hormone treatment: use 30-60ppm indole acetic acid and 30-60ppm naphthalene acetic acid mixed solution for treatment, the treatment time is 15-26 hours, the treatment time is long, the reproduction cycle is increased, the efficiency is low, the production operation is difficult, and it is not conducive to widespread promote.

4. Substrate selection: choose a mixed medium of mountain mud, yellow sand, chaff ash, and charcoal chips. The matrix composition is complex and not easy to obtain, which is uneconomical.

5. Environmental condition control: It is required that the temperature in the ground be maintained at 15-28°C, the surface temperature be maintained at 0-25°C, the air temperature be maintained at 0-25°C, the relative air humidity be maintained at 65-100%, and the relative humidity of the soil be maintained at 30-40%. Because the daily temperature changes greatly, and the air humidity changes greatly, only relying on the control of the environmental conditions manually, with half the effort, the effect is not ideal.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the present situation that the seedlings of wintersweet sowing and propagating in the prior art cannot maintain the excellent characteristics of the species, need to smear buds many times after grafting and propagating, division propagation is only suitable for a small number of species, and the survival rate of cutting propagation is low. The invention discloses a cutting propagation method of wintersweet with high survival rate.

The invention provides a cutting propagation method of wintersweet, comprising the steps of:

A cutting time is in early June, and the cutting substrate is prepared and sterilized 2 days before cutting;

B takes the young and tender branches of Chimerus chinensis, cuts the upper part into cuttings, cuts the lower part of the cuttings into a horseshoe shape, soaks and disinfects the cuttings after cutting;

C 1500-2500mg/Kg indole butyric acid (IBA) solution prepared with 50% alcohol by volume, dip the lower 1-2cm of the cuttings obtained in B in the indole butyric acid solution for 8-12s, and then cut into the Fixed in the matrix described in A;

D is disinfected every week, and the relative humidity around the cuttings inserted by C is controlled by spraying to 85-95%, and the ambient temperature does not exceed 40°C until lateral roots grow, and cuttings are obtained for transplanting.

Wherein, the cutting matrix described in A is peat soil: the matrix whose volume ratio of perlite is 2:1.

Wherein, the disinfection described in A is disinfection with 800 times aqueous solution of 25% carbendazim wettable powder.

Wherein, the young and tender branches of Wintersweet described in B are taken after sunset in the afternoon or on a cloudy day, and can also be carried out when the dew is not dry in the morning.

Wherein, the young and tender branches of Wintersweet described in B are selected on the uncapped middle and long branches of the crown on the plants that grow vigorously, have many new shoots, are sunny, and are free from diseases and insect pests.

Among them, the young and tender branches of Wintersweet described in B are taken, sprayed with water immediately after cutting the branches, and then put them in an airtight plastic bag and place them under the shade of trees. After cutting, they are quickly transported to the cutting place. Press down and spread the spray as soon as it arrives.

Among them, the cut into cuttings described in B is to remove the leaves at the base of the branches, and cut into cuttings with a length of 12-15cm, a number of nodes of 2-3, and 2-3 leaves. The cuttings are cut off at 1-2cm away from the nodes. , the lower incision is cut off at the node.

The cuttings described in B are soaked and sterilized by soaking the cuttings for 15 minutes with 800 times aqueous solution of 25% carbendazim wettable powder and taking them out.

The indole butyric acid solution described in C is ready-to-use or stored in a refrigerator at 4°C after preparation; it is preferably ready-to-use.

The indole butyric acid solution in C is a 2500 mg/Kg indole butyric acid solution prepared with 50% alcohol by volume.

The cuttage described in C is to punch holes earlier on the substrate or to draw a track 2cm deep, insert the cuttings into the substrate 2-3cm deep, and fix the cuttings.

The cuttage described in C, the cutting density is that the blades do not overlap.

The weekly disinfection in D is to spray 5% potassium permanganate solution once a week.

The relative humidity around the cuttings inserted by spray control C is 85-95% as described in D, and the ambient temperature is no more than 40°C. The specific steps are:

Within 10 days after cutting of D1, spray once every 15 minutes, each time lasting 8 seconds;

D2 10-20 days after cutting, start spraying when the water film on the leaf surface evaporates to 1/3, spray once every 15 minutes, and last for 5 seconds each time;

D3 20 days after cutting, grow young roots, spray after the water on the leaf surface evaporates, spray once every 15 minutes, each time lasts for 4 seconds in sunny days, and 1 second in cloudy days

D4 After a large number of root systems are formed, spray only a small amount around noon, spray 3 to 5 times a day, each spray is separated by 30 minutes, and each spray lasts for 3 seconds.

The spray described in D is a full-gloss spray.

The described transplanting of D, concrete steps are as follows:

Two days before transplanting, prepare sediment according to the volume ratio: clean garden soil: peat perlite mixture (the mixing ratio is the volume ratio peat: perlite=5:1) as the transplanting substrate of 1:1:1, and use 25 % Carbendazim wettable powder 800 times aqueous solution disinfection, covered with plastic film for later use;

The day before transplanting, do not spray to prevent the substrate from being too wet;

When transplanting, put the substrate prepared two days ago into the pot, take out the cutting seedlings of Wintersweet, and keep the substrate on the root system as much as possible. When potting, do not compact the substrate. place, water it thoroughly, and slow down the seedlings;

Two days after transplanting, water it once again, then carry out routine water management, and spray 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days, repeating 3 times.

The cutting propagation method of a kind of Wintersweet of the present invention also includes the field management after transplanting, mainly for paying attention to the prevention and treatment of diseases and insect pests, the specific method is as follows:

Leaf spot and dead branch often occur in wintersweet, which can be sprayed with 65% zinc wettable powder 600 times. Insect pests include scale insects and whiteflies, which are sprayed with 1500 times of 40% omethoate emulsifiable oil.

The invention also provides the application of the cutting propagation method of the wintersweet in the breeding of the wintersweet.

The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

The present invention can not only obtain seedlings or rootstocks with the same heredity as the mother plant, overcome the shortcomings of sowing and propagation, but also has short seedling cultivation period, low cost, wide source of propagation materials, and is convenient for large-scale seedling cultivation. The most important thing is that the present invention greatly improves wax The survival rate of wintersweet cuttings; the present invention adopts the treatment method of high-concentration hormone rapid dipping to improve the survival rate of wintersweet cuttings, and at the same time proposes the preparation of matrix and nutrient solution suitable for wintersweet cuttings, combined with the fine maintenance management of full-light spray equipment Finally, the survival rate of wintersweet cuttings reached 85%.

Description of drawings

The photo of Wintersweet cutting seedling in Fig. 1 the embodiment of the present invention 1.

Detailed ways

The following examples further illustrate the content of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, any modifications or substitutions made to the methods, steps or conditions of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

It is carried out in the plum and chrysanthemum garden of Beijing Forestry University. The slotting bed should choose a location facing the wind, shady, well-drained, well-irrigated, and free from western sun. In the greenhouse where the slotting bed is located, a shading net should be set up so that the maximum light intensity of the slotting bed during the day is 80%. The cutting field adopts LK-100 full-light sprayer, which uses electronic automatic intermittent spraying to create a suitable environment for cutting. A nozzle device of an LK-100 full-light sprayer is laid around every 4 seedling pots to ensure that the surrounding seedling pots can be sprayed. Under the automatic spraying device, the leaves of the cuttings are always kept fresh, the air is circulated, and the photosynthesis is strong. At the same time, the cutting depth is shallow, and there is less rot, which is good for rooting. Use non-woven fabric to build an isolation zone around the cutting field, and lay a layer of seedling pots to separate the seedling pots for cuttings from the ground, so as to achieve ventilation and water permeability, and prevent the cutting seedlings from rotting. Potassium acid is used to disinfect the cutting site, seedling pot, substrate and surrounding environment.

Picking is carried out after sunset in the afternoon or on a cloudy day, or when the dew is still wet in the morning. The cutting test was carried out on June 1, 2014. The materials were taken from young wintersweet plums in the Meiju Garden of Beijing Forestry University. On the plants with vigorous growth, many new shoots, sunny, and no pests and diseases, the middle and middle-aged plants with uncapped crowns were selected. The long branches are used as cuttings. Spray water immediately after cutting, and then put it in an airtight plastic bag and place it in the shade to prevent wilting. After cutting, transport it to the cutting place quickly, and keep it in a loose state during transportation to prevent extrusion. Immediately after bringing back, spread the spray to restore moisture while preventing heat.

When cutting cuttings, due to the large leaves of Wintersweet, it should be treated slightly, and the leaves should be cut in half to minimize transpiration loss. Remove the leaves at the base of the branches, and use a sharp knife or a double-sided blade to cut the branches into 12-15cm long cuttings with 2-3 nodes and 2-3 leaves. The upper cut of the cuttings is 1- The 2cm part is cut off, and the lower incision is cut off at the node. The node is nutritious and conducive to rooting. The mouth should be cut into a horseshoe shape with moderate thickness to ensure that the lower incision is smooth and complete. The lower incision cannot be cut with scissors. Scissors can crush the delicate skin, and contamination occurs from the crush. When beveling with a knife, the inclination should not be too large to prevent the sharp cut formed from being bruised when dipping hormones and cuttings. Stubble from cuts, injuries while cutting or cuttings can increase rot. Cuttings are carried out indoors or outdoors in a cool place (light intensity is 80%). Use 800 times aqueous solution of 25% carbendazim wettable powder to soak the cuttings for 15 minutes and take them out. After the surface of the cuttings is dry, quickly dip the lower part of the cuttings 1-2cm into 1500mg prepared with 50% alcohol by volume /Kg indole butyric acid solution for 8-12s. Before cutting, punch or draw a line 2cm deep to loosen the matrix, which is convenient for cutting, effectively prevents damage at the incision, and improves the survival rate of cuttings. Insert the cuttings into the matrix with a volume ratio of peat soil:perlite of 2:1 for 2-3cm Deep, just fix the cuttings, shallow cuttings, less rot, conducive to healing and rooting. The density between cuttings should not overlap between leaves.

The preparation method of indole butyric acid solution is specifically (the following examples adopt the same preparation method): the alcohol of 50% volume percentage content of adoption dissolves indole butyric acid, is made into required concentration, and preparation uses glass or porcelain container, does not need For ironware, it is best to use it now, and store it in a refrigerator at 4°C for a few days at most.

The specific preparation method of the substrate with peat soil: perlite volume ratio of 2:1 (the same preparation method is used in the following examples): first add water to the perlite to keep it moist and set aside. Lay a plastic sheet on the ground for the mixed substrate. Put peat and perlite on the plastic film in a volume ratio of 2:1, and mix well. Then put the mixed substrate into the sterilized seedling pot and put it into the transplanting bed. Use 1g of 25% carbendazim wettable powder and 800ml of water to prepare an 800-fold solution, sterilize the prepared matrix, and carry out cuttings two days later.

Careful management is required after cuttings. During the whole cutting process, it is necessary to sterilize the cutting bed and the surrounding environment with 5% potassium permanganate solution once a week. After each spraying, spray less or no water at night. Within 10 days after cutting, the cuttings have just left the parent body, and still have a relatively high transpiration intensity. The water absorption capacity of the lower cut at the base of the cuttings is extremely weak. It mainly relies on frequent spraying to ensure that a layer of water film is maintained on the leaves, and the cuttings do not lose water. Spray once every 15 minutes , each lasting 8s. 10-20 days after cutting, after the callus is formed, the amount of spraying can be appropriately reduced, and the spraying can be started when the water film on the leaf surface has evaporated to 1/3, spraying once every 15 minutes, and each time lasts for 5 seconds. After 20 days after cutting, when the young roots generally grow, you can wait for a while before spraying after the water on the leaf surface evaporates. The water spray should be reduced, and spray once every 15 minutes. It lasts for 4 seconds in sunny days and 4 seconds in cloudy days. , each time for 1s to prevent new shoots from rotting. After a large number of root systems are formed, you can only spray a small amount around noon (spray 3 to 5 times a day, each spray is separated by 30 minutes, and each spray lasts for 3 seconds, the same below). Practice has proved that in order to make the cuttings take root as soon as possible and maintain vitality before rooting, an environmental condition with high air humidity, appropriate soil humidity in the slotting bed, and a slightly lower temperature than the soil temperature is required. And the application of spraying facilities to adjust the microclimate of wintersweet slotting bed can achieve the above-mentioned expected effect. This test adopts the method of spraying, effectively controls microclimate humidity at about 90% (specifically 85-95% relative humidity, the same below), and obtains good results. In the first week after cutting, the callus has not yet formed, and the cuttings are easy to rot. After two weeks, the root system was born, and in three weeks, the roots continued to lengthen and grow, and at the same time, the top buds of the cuttings germinated new shoots. During the maintenance process, some leaves fall off, so they should be cleaned up in time so as not to affect the normal growth of the cutting seedlings. In addition, the spraying time should be adjusted in time according to the weather conditions to prevent the cutting seedlings from being too dry or too wet. After the lateral roots generally grow, the seedlings should be hardened and transplanted in time. At this point reduce the spray and increase the light at the same time. Cutting seedlings can be transplanted when the leaf surface has been dried for a long time, and the stems and leaves are still bright and not wilted or curled.

Two days before transplanting, prepare silt by volume ratio: clean garden soil: peat perlite mixture (mixing ratio is volume ratio peat: perlite=5:1) is the transplanting substrate of 1:1:1, and with 800 Double the 25% carbendazim wettable powder solution disinfectant, mix evenly, cover with plastic film for disinfection and set aside. The day before transplanting, no spraying operation is required to prevent the substrate from being too wet and affecting the transplanting of seedlings.

When transplanting on July 27, 2014, carefully take out the cutting seedlings of Wintersweet, record the data, and take pictures to get Figure 1. It can be seen that the roots of Wintersweet are up to 21cm at this time. Use the substrate prepared two days ago, and put it into a 13×15cm black plastic pot. When potting, do not compact the substrate, otherwise it will be difficult to water thoroughly. After potting, transplant the cutting seedlings in a light intensity of 80 % of the place, water thoroughly, and slow down the seedlings. Water again in 2 days, after that, water according to the actual situation. Spray 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days to increase the resistance of transplanted seedlings, and repeat 3 times. According to statistics, the survival rate of wintersweet cutting seedlings is 70%, the longest root reaches 20cm, the average root length is 9.25cm, the maximum number of roots reaches 6, and the average number of roots is 3.1.

Pay attention to the control of diseases and insect pests during field management after transplanting: Leaf spot and dead branch often occur in wintersweet, which can be sprayed with 65% Zinc wettable powder 600 times. Insect pests include scale insects and whiteflies, which are sprayed with 1500 times of 40% omethoate emulsifiable oil.

Example 2

It is carried out in the plum and chrysanthemum garden of Beijing Forestry University. The slotting bed should choose a location facing the wind, shady, well-drained, well-irrigated, and free from western sun. In the greenhouse where the slotting bed is located, a shading net should be set up so that the maximum light intensity of the slotting bed during the day is 80%. The cutting field adopts LK-100 full-light sprayer, which uses electronic automatic intermittent spraying to create a suitable environment for cutting. A nozzle device of an LK-100 full-light sprayer is laid around every 4 seedling pots to ensure that the surrounding seedling pots can be sprayed. Under the automatic spraying device, the leaves of the cuttings are always kept fresh, the air is circulated, and the photosynthesis is strong. At the same time, the cutting depth is shallow, and there is less rot, which is good for rooting. Use non-woven fabric to build an isolation zone around the cutting field, and lay a layer of seedling pots to separate the seedling pots for cuttings from the ground, so as to achieve ventilation and water permeability, and prevent the cutting seedlings from rotting. Potassium acid is used to disinfect the cutting site, seedling pot, substrate and surrounding environment.

Picking is carried out after sunset in the afternoon or on a cloudy day, or when the dew is still wet in the morning. The cutting experiment was carried out on June 2, 2014. The materials were taken from young wintersweet plums in the Meiju garden of Beijing Forestry University. On the plants with vigorous growth, many new shoots, sunny, and no pests and diseases, the middle and middle-aged plants with uncapped crowns were selected. The long branches are used as cuttings. Spray water immediately after cutting, and then put it in an airtight plastic bag and place it in the shade to prevent wilting. After cutting, transport it to the cutting place quickly, and keep it in a loose state during transportation to prevent extrusion. Immediately after bringing back, spread the spray to restore moisture while preventing heat.

When cutting cuttings, due to the large leaves of Wintersweet, it should be treated slightly, and the leaves should be cut in half to minimize transpiration loss. Remove the leaves at the base of the branches, and use a sharp knife or a double-sided blade to cut the branches into 12-15cm long cuttings with 2-3 nodes and 2-3 leaves. The upper cut of the cuttings is 1- The 2cm part is cut off, and the lower incision is cut off at the node. The node is nutritious and conducive to rooting. The mouth should be cut into a horseshoe shape with moderate thickness to ensure that the lower incision is smooth and complete. The lower incision cannot be cut with scissors. Scissors can crush the delicate skin, and contamination occurs from the crush. When beveling with a knife, the inclination should not be too large to prevent the sharp cut formed from being bruised when dipping hormones and cuttings. Stubble from cuts, injuries while cutting or cuttings can increase rot. Cuttings are carried out indoors or outdoors in a cool place (light intensity is 80%). Use 800 times aqueous solution of 25% carbendazim wettable powder to soak the cuttings for 15 minutes and take them out. After the surface of the cuttings is dry, quickly dip the lower part of the cuttings 1-2 cm into 2000 mg of alcohol prepared with a volume percentage of 50%. /Kg indole butyric acid solution for 8-12s. Before cutting, punch or draw a line 2cm deep to loosen the matrix, which is convenient for cutting, effectively prevents damage at the incision, and improves the survival rate of cuttings. Insert the cuttings into the matrix with a volume ratio of peat soil:perlite of 2:1 for 2-3cm Deep, just fix the cuttings, shallow cuttings, less rot, conducive to healing and rooting. The density between cuttings should not overlap between leaves.

Careful management is required after cuttings. During the whole cutting process, it is necessary to sterilize the cutting bed and the surrounding environment with 5% potassium permanganate solution once a week. After each spraying, spray less or no water at night. Within 10 days after cutting, the cuttings have just left the parent body, and still have a relatively high transpiration intensity. The water absorption capacity of the lower cut at the base of the cuttings is extremely weak. It mainly relies on frequent spraying to ensure that a layer of water film is maintained on the leaves, and the cuttings do not lose water. Spray once every 15 minutes , each lasting 8s. 10-20 days after cutting, after the callus is formed, the amount of spraying can be appropriately reduced, and the spraying can be started when the water film on the leaf surface has evaporated to 1/3, spraying once every 15 minutes, and each time lasts for 5 seconds. After 20 days after cutting, when the young roots generally grow, you can wait for a while before spraying after the water on the leaf surface evaporates. The water spray should be reduced, and spray once every 15 minutes. It lasts for 4 seconds in sunny days and 4 seconds in cloudy days. , each time for 1s to prevent new shoots from rotting. After a large root system has formed, you can only spray a small amount around noon. Practice has proved that in order to make the cuttings take root as soon as possible and maintain vitality before rooting, an environmental condition with high air humidity, appropriate soil humidity in the slotting bed, and a slightly lower temperature than the soil temperature is required. And the application of spraying facilities to adjust the microclimate of wintersweet slotting bed can achieve the above-mentioned expected effect. This test adopts the method of spraying to effectively control the humidity of the microclimate at about 90%, and obtains good results. In the first week after cutting, the callus has not yet formed, and the cuttings are easy to rot. After two weeks, the root system was born, and in three weeks, the roots continued to lengthen and grow, and at the same time, the top buds of the cuttings germinated new shoots. During the maintenance process, some leaves fall off, so they should be cleaned up in time so as not to affect the normal growth of the cutting seedlings. In addition, the spraying time should be adjusted in time according to the weather conditions to prevent the cutting seedlings from being too dry or too wet. After the lateral roots generally grow, the seedlings should be hardened and transplanted in time. At this point reduce the spray and increase the light at the same time. Cutting seedlings can be transplanted when the leaf surface has been dried for a long time, and the stems and leaves are still bright and not wilted or curled.

Two days before transplanting, prepare silt by volume ratio: clean garden soil: peat perlite mixture (mixing ratio is volume ratio peat: perlite=5:1) is the transplanting substrate of 1:1:1, and with 800 Double the 25% carbendazim wettable powder solution disinfectant, mix evenly, cover with plastic film for disinfection and set aside. The day before transplanting, no spraying operation is required to prevent the substrate from being too wet and affecting the transplanting of seedlings.

When transplanting on July 27, 2014, take out the wintersweet cuttings carefully, record the data, and take pictures. Use the substrate prepared two days ago, and put it into a 13×15cm black plastic pot. When potting, do not compact the substrate, otherwise it will be difficult to water thoroughly. After potting, transplant the cutting seedlings in a light intensity of 80 % of the place, water thoroughly, and slow down the seedlings. Water again in 2 days, after that, water according to the actual situation. Spray 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days to increase the resistance of transplanted seedlings, and repeat 3 times. According to statistics, the survival rate of wintersweet cutting seedlings is 75%, the longest root reaches 21cm, the average root length is 11.5cm, the maximum number of roots reaches 9, and the average number of roots is 4.6.

Pay attention to the control of diseases and insect pests during field management after transplanting: Leaf spot and dead branch often occur in wintersweet, which can be sprayed with 65% Zinc wettable powder 600 times. Insect pests include scale insects and whiteflies, which are sprayed with 1500 times of 40% omethoate emulsifiable oil.

Example 3

It is carried out in the plum and chrysanthemum garden of Beijing Forestry University. The slotting bed should choose a location facing the wind, shady, well-drained, well-irrigated, and free from western sun. In the greenhouse where the slotting bed is located, a shading net should be set up so that the maximum light intensity of the slotting bed during the day is 80%. The cutting field adopts LK-100 full-light sprayer, which uses electronic automatic intermittent spraying to create a suitable environment for cutting. A nozzle device of an LK-100 full-light sprayer is laid around every 4 seedling pots to ensure that the surrounding seedling pots can be sprayed. Under the automatic spraying device, the leaves of the cuttings are always kept fresh, the air is circulated, and the photosynthesis is strong. At the same time, the cutting depth is shallow, and there is less rot, which is good for rooting. Use non-woven fabric to build an isolation zone around the cutting field, and lay a layer of seedling pots to separate the seedling pots for cuttings from the ground, so as to achieve ventilation and water permeability, and prevent the cutting seedlings from rotting. Potassium acid is used to disinfect the cutting site, seedling pot, substrate and surrounding environment.

Picking is carried out after sunset in the afternoon or on a cloudy day, or when the dew is still wet in the morning. The cutting test was carried out on June 3, 2014. The materials were taken from the young wintersweet plums in the Meiju Garden of Beijing Forestry University. On the plants with vigorous growth, many new shoots, sunny, and no pests and diseases, the middle and middle-aged plants with uncapped crowns were selected. The long branches are used as cuttings. Spray water immediately after cutting, and then put it in an airtight plastic bag and place it in the shade to prevent wilting. After cutting, transport it to the cutting place quickly, and keep it in a loose state during transportation to prevent extrusion. Immediately after bringing back, spread the spray to restore moisture while preventing heat.

When cutting cuttings, due to the large leaves of Wintersweet, it should be treated slightly, and the leaves should be cut in half to minimize transpiration loss. Remove the leaves at the base of the branches, and use a sharp knife or a double-sided blade to cut the branches into 12-15cm long cuttings with 2-3 nodes and 2-3 leaves. The upper cut of the cuttings is 1- The 2cm part is cut off, and the lower incision is cut off at the node. The node is nutritious and conducive to rooting. The mouth should be cut into a horseshoe shape with moderate thickness to ensure that the lower incision is smooth and complete. The lower incision cannot be cut with scissors. Scissors can crush the delicate skin, and contamination occurs from the crush. When beveling with a knife, the inclination should not be too large to prevent the sharp cut formed from being bruised when dipping hormones and cuttings. Stubble from cuts, injuries while cutting or cuttings can increase rot. Cuttings are carried out indoors or outdoors in a cool place (light intensity is 80%). Use 800 times aqueous solution of 25% carbendazim wettable powder to soak the cuttings for 15 minutes and take them out. After the surface of the cuttings is dry, quickly dip the lower part of the cuttings 1-2cm into 2500mg of alcohol prepared with a volume percentage of 50%. /Kg indole butyric acid solution for 8-12s. Before cutting, punch or draw a line 2cm deep to loosen the matrix, which is convenient for cutting, effectively prevents damage at the incision, and improves the survival rate of cuttings. Insert the cuttings into the matrix with a volume ratio of peat soil:perlite of 2:1 for 2-3cm Deep, just fix the cuttings, shallow cuttings, less rot, conducive to healing and rooting. The density between cuttings should not overlap between leaves.

Careful management is required after cuttings. During the whole cutting process, it is necessary to sterilize the cutting bed and the surrounding environment with 5% potassium permanganate solution once a week. After each spraying, spray less or no water at night. Within 10 days after cutting, the cuttings have just left the parent body, and still have a relatively high transpiration intensity. The water absorption capacity of the lower cut at the base of the cuttings is extremely weak. It mainly relies on frequent spraying to ensure that a layer of water film is maintained on the leaves, and the cuttings do not lose water. Spray once every 15 minutes , each lasting 8s. 10-20 days after cutting, after the callus is formed, the amount of spraying can be appropriately reduced, and the spraying can be started when the water film on the leaf surface has evaporated to 1/3, spraying once every 15 minutes, and each time lasts for 5 seconds. After 20 days after cutting, when the young roots generally grow, you can wait for a while before spraying after the water on the leaf surface evaporates. The water spray should be reduced, and spray once every 15 minutes. It lasts for 4 seconds in sunny days and 4 seconds in cloudy days. , each time for 1s to prevent new shoots from rotting. After a large root system has formed, you can only spray a small amount around noon. Practice has proved that in order to make the cuttings take root as soon as possible and maintain vitality before rooting, an environmental condition with high air humidity, appropriate soil humidity in the slotting bed, and a slightly lower temperature than the soil temperature is required. And the application of spraying facilities to adjust the microclimate of wintersweet slotting bed can achieve the above-mentioned expected effect. This test adopts the method of spraying to effectively control the humidity of the microclimate at about 90%, and obtains good results. In the first week after cutting, the callus has not yet formed, and the cuttings are easy to rot. After two weeks, the root system was born, and in three weeks, the roots continued to lengthen and grow, and at the same time, the top buds of the cuttings germinated new shoots. During the maintenance process, some leaves fall off, so they should be cleaned up in time so as not to affect the normal growth of the cutting seedlings. In addition, the spraying time should be adjusted in time according to the weather conditions to prevent the cutting seedlings from being too dry or too wet. After the lateral roots generally grow, the seedlings should be hardened and transplanted in time. At this point reduce the spray and increase the light at the same time. Cutting seedlings can be transplanted when the leaf surface has been dried for a long time, and the stems and leaves are still bright and not wilted or curled.

Two days before transplanting, prepare silt by volume ratio: clean garden soil: peat perlite mixture (mixing ratio is volume ratio peat: perlite=5:1) is the transplanting substrate of 1:1:1, and with 800 Double the 25% carbendazim wettable powder solution disinfectant, mix evenly, cover with plastic film for disinfection and set aside. The day before transplanting, no spraying operation is required to prevent the substrate from being too wet and affecting the transplanting of seedlings.

When transplanting on July 27, 2014, take out the wintersweet cuttings carefully, record the data, and take pictures. Use the substrate prepared two days ago, and put it into a 13×15cm black plastic pot. When potting, do not compact the substrate, otherwise it will be difficult to water thoroughly. After potting, transplant the cutting seedlings in a light intensity of 80 % of the place, water thoroughly, and slow down the seedlings. Water again in 2 days, after that, water according to the actual situation. Spray 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days to increase the resistance of transplanted seedlings, and repeat 3 times. According to the statistics, the survival rate of cutting seedlings of Wintersweet is 85%, the longest root of cutting seedlings reaches 20cm, the average root length is 12.5cm, the maximum number of roots reaches 9, and the average number of roots is 4.8.

Pay attention to the control of diseases and insect pests during field management after transplanting: Leaf spot and dead branch often occur in wintersweet, which can be sprayed with 65% Zinc wettable powder 600 times. Insect pests include scale insects and whiteflies, which are sprayed with 1500 times of 40% omethoate emulsifiable oil.

Example 4

It was carried out in the Meiju Garden of Beijing Forestry University. In the greenhouse where the slotting bed is located, set up a shade net so that the highest light intensity of the slotting bed during the day is 80%. The cutting field adopts LK-100 full-light sprayer, which uses electronic automatic intermittent spraying to create a suitable environment for cutting. A nozzle device of an LK-100 full-light sprayer is laid around every 4 seedling pots to ensure that the surrounding seedling pots can be sprayed. Under the automatic spraying device, the leaves of the cuttings are always kept fresh, the air is circulated, and the photosynthesis is strong. At the same time, the cutting depth is shallow, and there is less rot, which is good for rooting. Choose a location facing the wind, shade, drainage, well-irrigated, and no west sun for the slotting bed. Use non-woven fabrics to build isolation belts around the cuttings, and lay a layer of seedling pots to separate the seedling pots for cuttings from the ground to achieve ventilation and water permeability. Cutting seedlings rot, and use 5% potassium permanganate to disinfect the cutting site, seedling pot, substrate and surrounding environment.

Picking is carried out after sunset in the afternoon or on a cloudy day, or when the dew is still wet in the morning. The cutting test was carried out on August 5, 2014. The materials were taken from the young wintersweet plums in the Meiju Garden of Beijing Forestry University. On the plants with vigorous growth, many new shoots, sunny, and no pests and diseases, the middle and middle-aged plants with uncapped crowns were selected. The long branches are used as cuttings, and the soft and fragile parts at the top are removed to improve the survival rate of wintersweet cuttings. Spray water immediately after cutting, and then put it in an airtight plastic bag and place it in the shade to prevent wilting. After cutting, transport it to the cutting place quickly, and keep it in a loose state during transportation to prevent extrusion. Immediately after bringing back, spread the spray to restore moisture while preventing heat.

When cutting the cuttings, remove the leaves at the base of the branches. Since the leaves of the wintersweet are relatively large, they should be treated slightly, and the leaves should be cut in half to minimize transpiration losses. Use a sharp knife or a double-sided blade to cut the branches into 12-15cm long cuttings with 2-3 nodes and 2-3 leaves. The incision is cut off at the node, and the node is nutritious, which is good for rooting. The mouth should be cut into a horseshoe shape with moderate thickness to ensure that the lower incision is smooth and complete. The lower incision cannot be cut with scissors. Scissors can crush the delicate skin, and contamination occurs from the crush. When beveling with a knife, the inclination should not be too large to prevent the sharp cut formed from being bruised when dipping hormones and cuttings. Stubble from cuts, injuries while cutting or cuttings can increase rot. The smoother and more complete the lower section of the cuttings, the earlier the callus will form, which will promote the rooting of the cuttings. Cuttings are carried out indoors or outdoors in a cool place (light intensity is 80%).

After the cuttings are cut, soak the cuttings with 800 times aqueous solution of 25% carbendazim wettable powder for 15 minutes and take them out. After the surface of the cuttings is dry, quickly dip the lower part of the cuttings 1-2cm, and use a volume percentage of 50%. 2500mg/Kg indole butyric acid solution prepared with alcohol for 8-12s, take it out for cuttings. When cutting, do not directly insert the cuttings into the substrate. You should first drill holes or scratch 2cm deep to loosen the substrate, facilitate cutting, effectively prevent damage at the incision, and improve the survival rate of cuttings. Insert the cuttings into peat soil: 2-3cm deep in the matrix with a volume ratio of perlite of 1:1. The cuttings are shallow and less rotten, which is conducive to healing and rooting. After the cutting is complete, the cuttings can be fixed. The density between cuttings should not overlap between leaves.

Careful management is required after cuttings. During the whole cutting process, it is necessary to sterilize the cutting bed and the surrounding environment with 5% potassium permanganate solution once a week. After each spraying, spray less or no water at night. Within 10 days after cutting, the cuttings have just left the parent body, and still have a relatively large transpiration intensity. The water absorption capacity of the lower cut at the base of the cuttings is extremely weak. It mainly relies on frequent spraying to ensure that a layer of water film is maintained on the leaves, and the cuttings do not lose water. Spray once every 20 minutes. , each lasting 5s. 10-20 days after cutting, after the callus is formed, the amount of spraying can be appropriately reduced, and the spraying can be started when the water film on the leaf surface has evaporated to 1/3, spraying once every 40 minutes, and each time lasts for 3 seconds. After 20 days after cutting, when the young roots generally grow, you can wait for a while before spraying after the water on the leaf surface has evaporated. The water spray should be reduced, and spray once every 120 minutes. It lasts for 2 seconds in sunny days and 2 seconds in cloudy days. , each time for 1s to prevent new shoots from rotting. After a large root system has formed, you can only spray a small amount around noon. Practice has proved that in order to make the cuttings take root as soon as possible and maintain vitality before rooting, an environmental condition with high air humidity, appropriate soil humidity in the slotting bed, and a slightly lower temperature than the soil temperature is required. And the application of spraying facilities to adjust the microclimate of wintersweet slotting bed can achieve the above-mentioned expected effect. This test adopts the method of spraying to effectively control the humidity of the microclimate at about 90%, and obtains good results. In the first week after cutting, the callus has not yet formed, and the cuttings are easy to rot. After two weeks, the root system was born, and in three weeks, the roots continued to lengthen and grow, and at the same time, the top buds of the cuttings germinated new shoots. During the maintenance process, some leaves fall off, so they should be cleaned up in time so as not to affect the normal growth of the cutting seedlings. In addition, the spraying time should be adjusted in time according to the weather conditions to prevent the cutting seedlings from being too dry or too wet. After the lateral roots generally grow, the seedlings should be hardened and transplanted in time. At this point reduce the spray and increase the light at the same time. Cutting seedlings can be transplanted when the leaf surface has been dried for a long time, and the stems and leaves are still bright and not wilted or curled.

Two days before transplanting, prepare silt by volume ratio: clean garden soil: peat perlite mixture (mixing ratio is volume ratio peat: perlite=5:1) is the transplanting substrate of 1:1:1, and with 800 Double the 25% carbendazim wettable powder solution disinfectant, mix evenly, cover with plastic film for disinfection and set aside. The day before transplanting, no spraying operation is required to prevent the substrate from being too wet and affecting the transplanting of seedlings.

When transplanting on October 2, 2014, carefully take out the cutting seedlings of Wintersweet. It is best to keep the substrate on the root system to ensure the survival rate of transplanting. After recording the data and taking pictures, use the substrate prepared two days ago and put it into 13 In a black plastic pot of ×15cm, do not compact the substrate when potting, otherwise it will be difficult to water thoroughly. After potting, transplant the cutting seedlings to a place with 80% light intensity, water thoroughly, and slow down the seedlings. Water again in 2 days, after that, water according to the actual situation. Spray 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days to increase the resistance of transplanted seedlings, and repeat 3 times. According to the statistics, the survival rate of cutting seedlings of Wintersweet is 40%, the longest root of cutting seedlings reaches 8cm, the average root length is 2.5cm, the maximum number of roots reaches 3, and the average number of roots is 1.2.

Example 5

It was carried out in the Meiju Garden of Beijing Forestry University. In the greenhouse where the slotting bed is located, set up a shade net so that the highest light intensity of the slotting bed during the day is 80%. The cutting field adopts LK-100 full-light sprayer, which uses electronic automatic intermittent spraying to create a suitable environment for cutting. A nozzle device of an LK-100 full-light sprayer is laid around every 4 seedling pots to ensure that the surrounding seedling pots can be sprayed. Under the automatic spraying device, the leaves of the cuttings are always kept fresh, the air is circulated, and the photosynthesis is strong. At the same time, the cutting depth is shallow, and there is less rot, which is good for rooting. Choose a location facing the wind, shade, drainage, well-irrigated, and no west sun for the slotting bed. Use non-woven fabrics to build isolation belts around the cuttings, and lay a layer of seedling pots to separate the seedling pots for cuttings from the ground to achieve ventilation and water permeability. Cutting seedlings rot, and use 5% potassium permanganate to disinfect the cutting site, seedling pot, substrate and surrounding environment.

Picking is carried out after sunset in the afternoon or on a cloudy day, or when the dew is still wet in the morning. The cutting test was carried out on August 5, 2014. The materials were taken from the young wintersweet plums in the Meiju Garden of Beijing Forestry University. On the plants with vigorous growth, many new shoots, sunny, and no pests and diseases, the middle and middle-aged plants with uncapped crowns were selected. The long branches are used as cuttings, and the soft and fragile parts at the top are removed to improve the survival rate of wintersweet cuttings. Spray water immediately after cutting, and then put it in an airtight plastic bag and place it in the shade to prevent wilting. After cutting, transport it to the cutting place quickly, and keep it in a loose state during transportation to prevent extrusion. Immediately after bringing back, spread the spray to restore moisture while preventing heat.

When cutting the cuttings, remove the leaves at the base of the branches. Since the leaves of the wintersweet are relatively large, they should be treated slightly, and the leaves should be cut in half to minimize transpiration losses. Use a sharp knife or a double-sided blade to cut the branches into 12-15cm long cuttings with 2-3 nodes and 2-3 leaves. The incision is cut off at the node, and the node is nutritious, which is good for rooting. The mouth should be cut into a horseshoe shape with moderate thickness to ensure that the lower incision is smooth and complete. The lower incision cannot be cut with scissors. Scissors can crush the delicate skin, and contamination occurs from the crush. When beveling with a knife, the inclination should not be too large to prevent the sharp cut formed from being bruised when dipping hormones and cuttings. Stubble from cuts, injuries while cutting or cuttings can increase rot. The smoother and more complete the lower section of the cuttings, the earlier the callus will form, which will promote the rooting of the cuttings. Cuttings are carried out indoors or outdoors in a cool place (light intensity is 80%).

After the cuttings are cut, soak the cuttings with 800 times aqueous solution of 25% carbendazim wettable powder for 15 minutes and take them out. After the surface of the cuttings is dry, quickly dip the lower part of the cuttings 1-2cm, and use a volume percentage of 50%. 2500mg/Kg indole butyric acid solution prepared with alcohol for 8-12s, take it out for cuttings. When cutting, do not directly insert the cuttings into the substrate. You should first drill holes or scratch 2cm deep to loosen the substrate, facilitate cutting, effectively prevent damage at the incision, and improve the survival rate of cuttings. Insert the cuttings into peat soil: 2-3cm deep in the matrix with a volume ratio of perlite of 2:1. The cuttings are shallow and less rotten, which is conducive to healing and rooting. After the cutting is complete, the cuttings can be fixed. The density between cuttings should not overlap between leaves.

Careful management is required after cuttings. During the whole cutting process, it is necessary to sterilize the cutting bed and the surrounding environment with 5% potassium permanganate solution once a week. After each spraying, spray less or no water at night. Within 10 days after cutting, the cuttings have just left the parent body, and still have a relatively large transpiration intensity. The water absorption capacity of the lower cut at the base of the cuttings is extremely weak. It mainly relies on frequent spraying to ensure that a layer of water film is maintained on the leaves, and the cuttings do not lose water. Spray once every 20 minutes. , each lasting 5s. 10-20 days after cutting, after the callus is formed, the amount of spraying can be appropriately reduced, and the spraying can be started when the water film on the leaf surface has evaporated to 1/3, spraying once every 40 minutes, and each time lasts for 3 seconds. After 20 days after cutting, when the young roots generally grow, you can wait for a while before spraying after the water on the leaf surface has evaporated. The water spray should be reduced, and spray once every 120 minutes. It lasts for 2 seconds in sunny days and 2 seconds in cloudy days. , each time for 1s to prevent new shoots from rotting. After a large root system has formed, you can only spray a small amount around noon. Practice has proved that in order to make the cuttings take root as soon as possible and maintain vitality before rooting, an environmental condition with high air humidity, appropriate soil humidity in the slotting bed, and a slightly lower temperature than the soil temperature is required. And the application of spraying facilities to adjust the microclimate of wintersweet slotting bed can achieve the above-mentioned expected effect. This test adopts the method of spraying to effectively control the humidity of the microclimate at about 90%, and obtains good results. In the first week after cutting, the callus has not yet formed, and the cuttings are easy to rot. After two weeks, the root system was born, and in three weeks, the roots continued to lengthen and grow, and at the same time, the top buds of the cuttings germinated new shoots. During the maintenance process, some leaves fall off, so they should be cleaned up in time so as not to affect the normal growth of the cutting seedlings. In addition, the spraying time should be adjusted in time according to the weather conditions to prevent the cutting seedlings from being too dry or too wet. After the lateral roots generally grow, the seedlings should be hardened and transplanted in time. At this point reduce the spray and increase the light at the same time. Cutting seedlings can be transplanted when the leaf surface has been dried for a long time, and the stems and leaves are still bright and not wilted or curled.

Two days before transplanting, prepare silt by volume ratio: clean garden soil: peat perlite mixture (mixing ratio is volume ratio peat: perlite=5:1) is the transplanting substrate of 1:1:1, and with 800 Double the 25% carbendazim wettable powder solution disinfectant, mix evenly, cover with plastic film for disinfection and set aside. The day before transplanting, no spraying operation is required to prevent the substrate from being too wet and affecting the transplanting of seedlings.

When transplanting on October 2, 2014, carefully take out the cutting seedlings of Wintersweet. It is best to keep the substrate on the root system to ensure the survival rate of transplanting. After recording the data and taking pictures, use the substrate prepared two days ago and put it into 13 In a black plastic pot of ×15cm, do not compact the substrate when potting, otherwise it will be difficult to water thoroughly. After potting, transplant the cutting seedlings to a place with 80% light intensity, water thoroughly, and slow down the seedlings. Water again in 2 days, after that, water according to the actual situation. Spray 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days to increase the resistance of transplanted seedlings, and repeat 3 times. According to statistics, the survival rate of cutting seedlings of Wintersweet is 50%, the longest root of cutting seedlings reaches 8cm, the average root length is 4cm, the maximum number of roots reaches 3, and the average number of roots is 1.6.

Example 6

It was carried out in the Meiju Garden of Beijing Forestry University. In the greenhouse where the slotting bed is located, set up a shade net so that the highest light intensity of the slotting bed during the day is 80%. The cutting field adopts LK-100 full-light sprayer, which uses electronic automatic intermittent spraying to create a suitable environment for cutting. A nozzle device of an LK-100 full-light sprayer is laid around every 4 seedling pots to ensure that the surrounding seedling pots can be sprayed. Under the automatic spraying device, the leaves of the cuttings are always kept fresh, the air is circulated, and the photosynthesis is strong. At the same time, the cutting depth is shallow, and there is less rot, which is good for rooting. Choose a location facing the wind, shade, drainage, well-irrigated, and no west sun for the slotting bed. Use non-woven fabrics to build isolation belts around the cuttings, and lay a layer of seedling pots to separate the seedling pots for cuttings from the ground to achieve ventilation and water permeability. Cutting seedlings rot, and use 5% potassium permanganate to disinfect the cutting site, seedling pot, substrate and surrounding environment.

Picking is carried out after sunset in the afternoon or on a cloudy day, or when the dew is still wet in the morning. The cutting test was carried out on August 5, 2014. The materials were taken from the young wintersweet plums in the Meiju Garden of Beijing Forestry University. On the plants with vigorous growth, many new shoots, sunny, and no pests and diseases, the middle and middle-aged plants with uncapped crowns were selected. The long branches are used as cuttings, and the soft and fragile parts at the top are removed to improve the survival rate of wintersweet cuttings. Spray water immediately after cutting, and then put it in an airtight plastic bag and place it in the shade to prevent wilting. After cutting, transport it to the cutting place quickly, and keep it in a loose state during transportation to prevent extrusion. Immediately after bringing back, spread the spray to restore moisture while preventing heat.

When cutting the cuttings, remove the leaves at the base of the branches. Since the leaves of the wintersweet are relatively large, they should be treated slightly, and the leaves should be cut in half to minimize transpiration losses. Use a sharp knife or a double-sided blade to cut the branches into 12-15cm long cuttings with 2-3 nodes and 2-3 leaves. The incision is cut off at the node, and the node is nutritious, which is good for rooting. The mouth should be cut into a horseshoe shape with moderate thickness to ensure that the lower incision is smooth and complete. The lower incision cannot be cut with scissors. Scissors can crush the delicate skin, and contamination occurs from the crush. When beveling with a knife, the inclination should not be too large to prevent the sharp cut formed from being bruised when dipping hormones and cuttings. Stubble from cuts, injuries while cutting or cuttings can increase rot. The smoother and more complete the lower section of the cuttings, the earlier the callus will form, which will promote the rooting of the cuttings. Cuttings are carried out indoors or outdoors in a cool place (light intensity is 80%).

After the cuttings are cut, soak the cuttings with 800 times aqueous solution of 25% carbendazim wettable powder for 15 minutes and take them out. After the surface of the cuttings is dry, quickly dip the lower part of the cuttings 1-2cm, and use a volume percentage of 50%. 2500mg/Kg indole butyric acid solution prepared with alcohol for 8-12s, take it out for cuttings. When cutting, do not directly insert the cuttings into the substrate. You should first drill holes or scratch 2cm deep to loosen the substrate, facilitate cutting, effectively prevent damage at the incision, and improve the survival rate of cuttings. Insert the cuttings into peat soil: 2-3cm deep in the matrix with a volume ratio of perlite of 3:1. The cuttings are shallow and less rotten, which is conducive to healing and rooting. After the cutting is complete, the cuttings can be fixed. The density between cuttings should not overlap between leaves.

Careful management is required after cuttings. During the whole cutting process, it is necessary to sterilize the cutting bed and the surrounding environment with 5% potassium permanganate solution once a week. After each spraying, spray less or no water at night. Within 10 days after cutting, the cuttings have just left the parent body, and still have a relatively large transpiration intensity. The water absorption capacity of the lower cut at the base of the cuttings is extremely weak. It mainly relies on frequent spraying to ensure that a layer of water film is maintained on the leaves, and the cuttings do not lose water. Spray once every 20 minutes. , each lasting 5s. 10-20 days after cutting, after the callus is formed, the amount of spraying can be appropriately reduced, and the spraying can be started when the water film on the leaf surface has evaporated to 1/3, spraying once every 40 minutes, and each time lasts for 3 seconds. After 20 days after cutting, when the young roots generally grow, you can wait for a while before spraying after the water on the leaf surface has evaporated. The water spray should be reduced, and spray once every 120 minutes. It lasts for 2 seconds in sunny days and 2 seconds in cloudy days. , each time for 1s to prevent new shoots from rotting. After a large root system has formed, you can only spray a small amount around noon. Practice has proved that in order to make the cuttings take root as soon as possible and maintain vitality before rooting, an environmental condition with high air humidity, appropriate soil humidity in the slotting bed, and a slightly lower temperature than the soil temperature is required. And the application of spraying facilities to adjust the microclimate of wintersweet slotting bed can achieve the above-mentioned expected effect. This test adopts the method of spraying to effectively control the humidity of the microclimate at about 90%, and obtains good results. In the first week after cutting, the callus has not yet formed, and the cuttings are easy to rot. After two weeks, the root system was born, and in three weeks, the roots continued to lengthen and grow, and at the same time, the top buds of the cuttings germinated new shoots. During the maintenance process, some leaves fall off, so they should be cleaned up in time so as not to affect the normal growth of the cutting seedlings. In addition, the spraying time should be adjusted in time according to the weather conditions to prevent the cutting seedlings from being too dry or too wet. After the lateral roots generally grow, the seedlings should be hardened and transplanted in time. At this point reduce the spray and increase the light at the same time. Cutting seedlings can be transplanted when the leaf surface has been dried for a long time, and the stems and leaves are still bright and not wilted or curled.

Two days before transplanting, prepare silt by volume ratio: clean garden soil: peat perlite mixture (mixing ratio is volume ratio peat: perlite=5:1) is the transplanting substrate of 1:1:1, and with 800 Double the 25% carbendazim wettable powder solution disinfectant, mix evenly, cover with plastic film for disinfection and set aside. The day before transplanting, no spraying operation is required to prevent the substrate from being too wet and affecting the transplanting of seedlings.

When transplanting on October 2, 2014, carefully take out the cutting seedlings of Wintersweet. It is best to keep the substrate on the root system to ensure the survival rate of transplanting. After recording the data and taking pictures, use the substrate prepared two days ago and put it into 13 In a black plastic pot of ×15cm, do not compact the substrate when potting, otherwise it will be difficult to water thoroughly. After potting, transplant the cutting seedlings to a place with 80% light intensity, water thoroughly, and slow down the seedlings. Water again in 2 days, after that, water according to the actual situation. Spray 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days to increase the resistance of transplanted seedlings, and repeat 3 times. According to the statistics, the survival rate of cutting seedlings of Wintersweet is 20%, the longest root of cutting seedlings reaches 7cm, the average root length is 2.6cm, the maximum number of roots reaches 4, and the average number of roots is 1.1.

The method of embodiment 1-6 and the contrast of result

Summarize the method and result of embodiment 1-6, obtain following table:

The method of table 1 embodiment 1-6 and the contrast of result

It can be seen from Table 1 that the best cutting season of Wintersweet is in early June, the best concentration of indole butyric acid treatment is 2500mg/Kg, and the best ratio of cutting substrate is 2:1 by volume.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific embodiments above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, the modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a propagation method for wax plum, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

A cutting time is selected at the beginning of 6 months, and cuttage prepares cutting medium and sterilizes for first 2 days;

B gets wax plum edible tender branch, and its middle and upper part is whittled into cuttings, the cuttings lower cut shape of a hoof, cuttings soaking disinfection after cutting;

C is with the 1500-2500mg/Kg indolebutyric acid solution of the alcohol of volumn concentration 50%, after the bottom 1-2cm of B gained cuttings is dipped in 8-12s in indolebutyric acid solution, fixing in matrix described in cuttage to A;

D sterilizes weekly, and with the control C that sprays relative moisture around cuttings for 85-95%, environmental temperature is no more than 40 DEG C, until grow side root, obtains cuttage seeding, transplants.

2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, cutting medium described in A is peat soil: perlite volume ratio is the matrix of 2:1.

3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, sterilization described in A is for sterilizing with 25% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of aqueous solution.

4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, is whittled into cuttings described in B, for removing branch radical leaves, be whittled into the cuttings of 12-15cm length, joint number 2-3 joint, band leaf 2-3 sheet, cuttings upper cut is being cut disconnected from joint 1-2cm place, and lower cut is cut disconnected at the position of joint.

5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, cuttings soaking disinfection described in B, takes out after cuttings being soaked 15min with 25% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of aqueous solution.

6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, indolebutyric acid solution described in C is the 2500mg/Kg indolebutyric acid solution with the alcohol of volumn concentration 50%.

7. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, cuttage described in C, for cuttings deeply, is inserted 2-3cm in matrix dark, cuttings is fixed by elder generation first punching or road plan 2cm in matrix.

8. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described in D with the control C that sprays relative moisture around cuttings for 85-95%, environmental temperature is no more than 40 DEG C, and concrete steps are:

After D1 cuttage in 10d, every 15min spraying once, continue 8s at every turn;

10-20d after D2 cuttage, on blade face water film evaporation to 1/3 time start spraying, every 15min spraying once, at every turn continue 5s;

After D3 cuttage after 20d, grow young root, spray again after blade face moisture is evaporated, every 15min spraying once, during fine day, continue 4s at every turn, during the cloudy day, continue 1s at every turn

After a large amount of root growth of D4, only spray on a small quantity at noon, spray every day 3 ~ 5 times, each 30min of being separated by that sprays, each spraying continues 3s.

9. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, transplants described in D, and concrete steps are as follows:

Transplant a few days ago, prepare silt by volume: clean garden mould: peat perlite mixture is the transplanting medium of 1:1:1, wherein, peat perlite mixture mixed proportion is volume ratio peat: perlite=5:1, and with the 800 times of aqueous solution sterilizations of 25% carbendazol wettable powder, covered rearing with plastic film is for subsequent use;

Transplant the previous day, do not carry out spray operation, in order to avoid matrix is excessively wet;

During transplanting, the matrix prepared before two days is loaded in basin, take out wax plum cuttage seeding, retain the matrix on root system as far as possible, during upper basin, be sure not compacting matrix, after upper basin, be placed in the place of intensity of illumination 80%, water permeable, slow seedling;

Transplanting is watered once permeable two days later again, after this carries out common aqueous management, every the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that 10d sprays mass percentage 0.5%, repeats 3 times.

10. the application of propagation method in wax plum breeds of the wax plum described in any one of claim 1-9.