CN105123289A - Cherry grafting method - Google Patents
Cherry grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123289A CN105123289A CN201510657332.1A CN201510657332A CN105123289A CN 105123289 A CN105123289 A CN 105123289A CN 201510657332 A CN201510657332 A CN 201510657332A CN 105123289 A CN105123289 A CN 105123289A
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- grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cherry grafting method. The cherry grafting method comprises the following steps: selecting spring as the grafting time, cutting the upper part prior to the grafting, smearing a healing agent, carrying out fertilizer application treatment and sterilization treatment on a rootstock, and then immediately covering a cut part with plastic; selecting a black pearl cherry tree which is strong in growth and free from diseases and injurious pests as a cion, and placing and soaking the cut cion in plant hormones; when in grafting, thinning an old bark of the rootstock, rapidly inserting the processed cion into a T-shaped incision of the rootstock, and coating the incision of the cion and the rootstock with organic fertilizer; completely sleeving the grafted cion by utilizing a kraft bag, extending the kraft bag to the lower part of a grafting interface, and arranging air holes in the top of the kraft bag; watering the grafted seedling at an appropriate quantity and at an appropriate time, and unfastening the kraft bag and a film strip after the seedling is grafted for 10 to 15 days; and spraying clean water after the kraft bag and the film strip are unfastened. By adopting the method, a shading, rainproof and cooling effect can be realized, and the grafting survival rate reaches 98 percent or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of grafting method of cherry.
Background technology
Cherry, its fruit can eat as fruit, appearance lovely luster, sparkling and crystal-clear beauty, red in agate, and Huang is as congealed fat, and fruit is rich in the multiple element such as sugar, protein, vitamin and calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium.At present, the propagation method of cherry mainly contains the method for growing directly from seeds, cuttage, the planting of layer and grafting.The method of growing directly from seeds is after cherry is gathered, and is scratched by fruit pulp and extracts the core, and with clear water eccysis attachment fruit stone outside pulp, then by put dry in the cool after can sow.The defect of the method is, cherry seed sprouting is easy, but it germinates and irregular and that some plant produces seed often lacks the great-hearted embryo of tool, and germination rate is often lower than 30%.It is comparatively slow that the method for growing directly from seeds reaches bearing age, and between seedling strain, quality variation is large.Cuttage is at spring and summer growing period, chooses semi-matured healthy and strong branch, inserts in river sand, vermiculite or peat soil or several mixtures is all applicable to making seedbed medium, and cutting especially need keep moistening and shelter from heat or light.The seedling of the method breeding can inherit the fine quality of elite stand, but management comparatively bothers, and survival rate is on the low side.Overhead layering method selects the branch of more than 2 years, in its underpart near the position ringing of joint, then moistening young pilose antler grass put in transparent glue bag and whole wound is wrapped, and upper and lower two ends tie up.After taking root, just cut off below press strip position, potted plantly become new strain.Be generally selected in the vigorous period of cherry, easily take root.But difference on effect is large between kind.Grafting is that with good cherry variety for scion, select to carry out before not germinateing spring, the stock preferably selected is identical with the rugosity of scion or close is advisable, and with cleft grafting, all can be abutted against with the seedling of cherry, mountain cherry, oriental cherry etc. for stock.The advantage of grafting is, the good cherry of quality is multiplied, and shortens the fruiting period of cherry.
At present, the graft technology for cherry normally first gathers scion at late March, and scion is carried out wet husky storage, treat early April again by direct for scion grafting on stock, and plastic strip tighten is used in scion.The survival rate of this kind of grafting method is about 80%, and survival rate is on the low side.By retrieving on the net, the applying date is 201010539401.6 to disclose " method for grafting tender tips of cherry ", it gathers tender point and tender leaf is removed moisturizing and deposits for 3-5 days before grafting, select the stock identical with scion degree of lignification, adopt the nursery of muskmelon cleft grafting seedling raising manners, this kind of method graft survival rate more than 95%.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome defect of the prior art, design one can reach shading, rainproof, cooling, and graft survival rate reaches the grafting method of the cherry of more than 98.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of cherry grafting method, comprises the steps:
(1) pretreatment of stock: grafting time is chosen as 10 ~ March 10 February, Root-stock selection adapts to local working condition, possess early real, that high yield, high-quality introduce grafting algebraically is few, produce common cherry elite stand distance 8 ~ 10cm place, ground that healthy and strong collar portion 1cm ~ 2cm is thick, before grafting 10 ~ 15 days, first fertilizer treatment and disinfecting is carried out to stock, within 2 ~ 4 days before grafting, its top cut off and is coated with consolidant, and will position be cut with plastics immediately and wrap;
(2) pretreatment of scion: scion is chosen as the branch biennial female branch having two annual branches, cut apart from annual bifurcation 2cm at biennial female branch, remaining two annual branches and the long one section of biennial basal shoot of 2cm, branch is selected an annual branch give over to scion, and growth selection is healthy and strong and without the black pearl cherry tree of damage by disease and insect, and the scion of cutting is placed in plant hormone and soaks 2 ~ 4h;
(3) grafting: by the Lao Pi skiving of stock, do not form the stock always sticking up skin not cut and directly cut at selected position that one " fourth " font mouth is dark reaches xylem, then rapid in scion insertion stock " fourth " notched cut after process, and be coated with fertilizer in scion and stock otch joint place, first use wet cotton the colligation of cut-grafting position, more fixedly make bud point expose film colligation from bottom to top;
(4) protection after grafting: be sleeved on grafting fringe with kraft paper bag whole, and extend to the bottom of grafting interface, frap with the under shed of kraft paper bag and the interface bottom of stock, be provided with air-vent with the top of kraft paper bag;
(5) grafting final-period management: the watering to grafting of timely and appropriate discovery after grafting, will untie with mulberry paper bag and film tape after 10 ~ 15 days in grafting;
(6) water and fertilizer management: mulberry paper bag and film tape are untied and first spray clear water afterwards, refertilize process after growing way is stable.
Wherein preferred technical scheme is that the described time of applying fertilizer to stock is first 12 days of grafting.
Preferred technical scheme also has, and in described step (1), within first 3 days, is cut off on its top in grafting.
Preferred technical scheme also has, and in described step (1), the fertilizer used stock is cherry special-purpose control-release fertilizer.
Further preferred technical scheme also has, and in described cherry special-purpose control-release fertilizer, nitrogen content is 12%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 18%, potassium oxide content is 15%.
Preferred technical scheme also has, and in described step (2), the shape of the scion of cutting is wedge shape, box-shaped or the stealth that falls, and placing it in the time of soaking in plant hormone is 3h.
Preferred technical scheme also has, and described plant hormone is the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 200-300PPM.
Preferred technical scheme also has, and in described step (3), selects length on stock to have the position of eye to cut " fourth " font mouth.
Preferred technical scheme also has, and in described step (3), the composition selecting consolidant is varnish, paraffin wax emulsion and methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and its mass ratio is 10:500:0.01.
Preferred technical scheme also has, and the method for disinfecting employing in described step (1) is first with using 1.5g/L disinfection tablet sterilizing 20min after ethanol sterilizing 30s again.
Advantage and the beneficial effect of cherry tree grafting method of the present invention are:
1, before cherry grafting, first stock is applied fertilizer, make stock absorb more nutrition, enough nutrition can be provided to scion with stock after guaranteeing grafting, thus improve the survival rate of grafting.
2, the present invention soaks by first scion being placed in plant hormone, to promote its cambial activity, thus promotes wound healing, improves the survival rate of grafting.
3, be coated with fertilizer in scion and stock otch joint place, at short notice for scion provides nutrition, and moisture can be kept.
4, by the grafting after grafting is set with kraft paper bag, can reach shading, rainproof, cooling, graft survival rate reaches more than 98.Test proves, this method can well reduce the evaporation of grafting twig moisture, thus improves the survival rate of grafting, and especially when autumn in summer high temperature season carries out grafting, effect is particularly remarkable.
5, described grafting method adopts many kinds of measures and means in grafting operation process, reduces tangent plane as far as possible and exposes the aerial time, can play moisturizing, greatly improve its survival rate and appearance quality, meet the needs of landscape engineering.
6, adopt above-mentioned grafting method grafting place to heal complete smooth, within after grafting about 20 days, just can know whether grafting success, accelerate the grafting cycle, and grafting method of the present invention be simple to operate, be easy to promote.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.Following examples only for technical scheme of the present invention is clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is a kind of cherry grafting method, comprises the steps:
(1) pretreatment of stock: grafting time is chosen as February 10, Root-stock selection adapts to local working condition, possess early real, that high yield, high-quality introduce grafting algebraically is few, produce the common cherry elite stand distance 10cm place, ground that healthy and strong collar portion 2cm is thick, in grafting first 15 days, first fertilizer treatment and disinfecting is carried out to stock, first 4 days of grafting its top cut off and be coated with consolidant, and will position be cut with plastics immediately and wrap;
(2) pretreatment of scion: scion is chosen as the branch biennial female branch having two annual branches, cut apart from annual bifurcation 2cm at biennial female branch, remaining two annual branches and the long one section of biennial basal shoot of 2cm, branch is selected an annual branch give over to scion, and growth selection is healthy and strong and without the black pearl cherry tree of damage by disease and insect, and the scion of cutting is placed in plant hormone and soaks 2 ~ 4h;
(3) grafting: by the Lao Pi skiving of stock, do not form the stock always sticking up skin not cut and directly cut at selected position that one " fourth " font mouth is dark reaches xylem, then rapid in scion insertion stock " fourth " notched cut after process, and be coated with fertilizer in scion and stock otch joint place, first use wet cotton the colligation of cut-grafting position, more fixedly make bud point expose film colligation from bottom to top;
(4) protection after grafting: be sleeved on grafting fringe with kraft paper bag whole, and extend to the bottom of grafting interface, frap with the under shed of kraft paper bag and the interface bottom of stock, be provided with air-vent with the top of kraft paper bag;
(5) grafting final-period management: the watering to grafting of timely and appropriate discovery after grafting, will untie with mulberry paper bag and film tape after 10 ~ 15 days in grafting;
(6) water and fertilizer management: mulberry paper bag and film tape are untied and first spray clear water afterwards, refertilize process after growing way is stable.
The preferred embodiment of the invention is, the described time of applying fertilizer to stock is first 12 days of grafting.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (1), within first 3 days, is cut off on its top in grafting.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (1), the fertilizer used stock is cherry special-purpose control-release fertilizer.
Further preferred embodiment of the present invention also has, and in described cherry special-purpose control-release fertilizer, nitrogen content is 12%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 18%, potassium oxide content is 15%.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (2), the shape of the scion of cutting is wedge shape, box-shaped or the stealth that falls, and placing it in the time of soaking in plant hormone is 3h.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and described plant hormone is the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 300PPM.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (3), selects length on stock to have the position of eye to cut " fourth " font mouth.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (3), the composition selecting consolidant is varnish, paraffin wax emulsion and methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and its mass ratio is 10:500:0.01.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and the method for disinfecting employing in described step (1) is first with using 1.5g/L disinfection tablet sterilizing 20min after ethanol sterilizing 30s again.
Embodiment 2
The present invention is a kind of cherry grafting method, comprises the steps:
(1) pretreatment of stock: grafting time is chosen as February 10, Root-stock selection adapts to local working condition, possess early real, that high yield, high-quality introduce grafting algebraically is few, produce the common cherry elite stand distance 8cm place, ground that healthy and strong collar portion 1cm is thick, in grafting first 10 days, first fertilizer treatment and disinfecting is carried out to stock, first 2 days of grafting its top cut off and be coated with consolidant, and will position be cut with plastics immediately and wrap;
(2) pretreatment of scion: scion is chosen as the branch biennial female branch having two annual branches, cut apart from annual bifurcation 2cm at biennial female branch, remaining two annual branches and the long one section of biennial basal shoot of 2cm, branch is selected an annual branch give over to scion, and growth selection is healthy and strong and without the black pearl cherry tree of damage by disease and insect, and the scion of cutting is placed in plant hormone soaks 2h;
(3) grafting: by the Lao Pi skiving of stock, do not form the stock always sticking up skin not cut and directly cut at selected position that one " fourth " font mouth is dark reaches xylem, then rapid in scion insertion stock " fourth " notched cut after process, and be coated with fertilizer in scion and stock otch joint place, first use wet cotton the colligation of cut-grafting position, more fixedly make bud point expose film colligation from bottom to top;
(4) protection after grafting: be sleeved on grafting fringe with kraft paper bag whole, and extend to the bottom of grafting interface, frap with the under shed of kraft paper bag and the interface bottom of stock, be provided with air-vent with the top of kraft paper bag;
(5) grafting final-period management: the watering to grafting of timely and appropriate discovery after grafting, will untie with mulberry paper bag and film tape after 10 ~ 15 days in grafting;
(6) water and fertilizer management: mulberry paper bag and film tape are untied and first spray clear water afterwards, refertilize process after growing way is stable.
The preferred embodiment of the invention is, the described time of applying fertilizer to stock is first 12 days of grafting.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (1), within first 3 days, is cut off on its top in grafting.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (1), the fertilizer used stock is cherry special-purpose control-release fertilizer.
Further preferred embodiment of the present invention also has, and in described cherry special-purpose control-release fertilizer, nitrogen content is 12%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 18%, potassium oxide content is 15%.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (2), the shape of the scion of cutting is wedge shape, box-shaped or the stealth that falls, and placing it in the time of soaking in plant hormone is 3h.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and described plant hormone is the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 200PPM.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (3), selects length on stock to have the position of eye to cut " fourth " font mouth.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and in described step (3), the composition selecting consolidant is varnish, paraffin wax emulsion and methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and its mass ratio is 10:500:0.01.
The preferred embodiment of the invention also has, and the method for disinfecting employing in described step (1) is first with using 1.5g/L disinfection tablet sterilizing 20min after ethanol sterilizing 30s again.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a cherry grafting method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) pretreatment of stock: grafting time is chosen as 10 ~ March 10 February, Root-stock selection adapts to local working condition, possess early real, that high yield, high-quality introduce grafting algebraically is few, produce common cherry elite stand distance 8 ~ 10cm place, ground that healthy and strong collar portion 1cm ~ 2cm is thick, before grafting 10 ~ 15 days, first fertilizer treatment and disinfecting is carried out to stock, within 2 ~ 4 days before grafting, its top cut off and is coated with consolidant, and will position be cut with plastics immediately and wrap;
(2) pretreatment of scion: scion is chosen as the branch biennial female branch having two annual branches, cut apart from annual bifurcation 2cm at biennial female branch, remaining two annual branches and the long one section of biennial basal shoot of 2cm, branch is selected an annual branch give over to scion, and growth selection is healthy and strong and without the black pearl cherry tree of damage by disease and insect, and the scion of cutting is placed in plant hormone and soaks 2 ~ 4h;
(3) grafting: by the Lao Pi skiving of stock, do not form the stock always sticking up skin not cut and directly cut at selected position that one " fourth " font mouth is dark reaches xylem, then rapid in scion insertion stock " fourth " notched cut after process, and be coated with fertilizer in scion and stock otch joint place, first use wet cotton the colligation of cut-grafting position, more fixedly make bud point expose film colligation from bottom to top;
(4) protection after grafting: be sleeved on grafting fringe with kraft paper bag whole, and extend to the bottom of grafting interface, frap with the under shed of kraft paper bag and the interface bottom of stock, be provided with air-vent with the top of kraft paper bag;
(5) grafting final-period management: the watering to grafting of timely and appropriate discovery after grafting, will untie with mulberry paper bag and film tape after 10 ~ 15 days in grafting;
(6) water and fertilizer management: mulberry paper bag and film tape are untied and first spray clear water afterwards, refertilize process after growing way is stable.
2. cherry grafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described time of applying fertilizer to stock is first 12 days of grafting.
3. cherry grafting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), within first 3 days, cut off on its top in grafting.
4. cherry grafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), the fertilizer used stock is cherry special-purpose control-release fertilizer.
5. cherry grafting method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, in described cherry special-purpose control-release fertilizer, nitrogen content is 12%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 18%, potassium oxide content is 15%.
6. the grafting method of cherry as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), the shape of the scion of cutting is wedge shape, box-shaped or the stealth that falls, and placing it in the time of soaking in plant hormone is 3h.
7. cherry grafting method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described plant hormone is the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 200-300PPM.
8. cherry grafting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (3), selects length on stock to have the position of eye to cut " fourth " font mouth.
9. cherry grafting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (3), the composition selecting consolidant is varnish, paraffin wax emulsion and methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and its mass ratio is 10:500:0.01.
10. cherry grafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method for disinfecting employing in described step (1) is first with using 1.5g/L disinfection tablet sterilizing 20min after ethanol sterilizing 30s again.
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| CN201510657332.1A CN105123289A (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2015-10-13 | Cherry grafting method |
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| CN201510657332.1A CN105123289A (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2015-10-13 | Cherry grafting method |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105993619A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Method for grafting osmanthus fragrans |
| CN106069213A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 杨兆权 | A kind of method of veteran high position grafting |
| CN106234038A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 太仓市新滨农场专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi |
| CN107087501A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-25 | 柳州市跃坤农业开发有限公司 | Cherry tree engrafting method |
| CN107114176A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-09-01 | 陆川县巨丰种植园 | A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of lichee |
| CN107242099A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-10-13 | 合肥润雨农业科技有限公司 | A kind of hybrid breeding method for improving cherry winter resistance |
| CN107960222A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-27 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | The engrafting method of crape myrtle |
| CN108040643A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-18 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | The engrafting method of western double crape myrtles |
| CN110301281A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-08 | 安徽奥林园艺有限责任公司 | A kind of anti-bleeding engrafting method of Kiwi berry |
| CN110720321A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-24 | 樊轩 | Grafting method of apocarya |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105993619A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Method for grafting osmanthus fragrans |
| CN106069213A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 杨兆权 | A kind of method of veteran high position grafting |
| CN106234038A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 太仓市新滨农场专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi |
| CN107114176A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-09-01 | 陆川县巨丰种植园 | A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of lichee |
| CN107087501A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-25 | 柳州市跃坤农业开发有限公司 | Cherry tree engrafting method |
| CN107242099A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-10-13 | 合肥润雨农业科技有限公司 | A kind of hybrid breeding method for improving cherry winter resistance |
| CN107960222A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-27 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | The engrafting method of crape myrtle |
| CN108040643A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-18 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | The engrafting method of western double crape myrtles |
| CN110301281A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-08 | 安徽奥林园艺有限责任公司 | A kind of anti-bleeding engrafting method of Kiwi berry |
| CN110720321A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-24 | 樊轩 | Grafting method of apocarya |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |