CN110301281A - A kind of anti-bleeding engrafting method of Kiwi berry - Google Patents
A kind of anti-bleeding engrafting method of Kiwi berry Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
- A01G13/20—Protective coverings for plants
- A01G13/27—Protective coverings for plants protecting specific parts of plants, e.g. roots, trunks or fruits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种猕猴桃抗伤流嫁接方法，包括如下步骤：1)选取合适的砧木，在靠近砧木枝干断面的一边，下刀向内下方斜切下去，形成切口，切口长3—4cm；2)在优良栽培品种的结果树上选取生长健壮、芽眼饱满、无病虫害的一年生枝作为接穗，将接穗枝条在芽眼下方0.5‑1厘米处的两侧削成倾斜舌面；3)将接穗的舌面插入砧木的切口内，并使接穗的舌面皮层和砧木的切口皮层靠一边对齐，用塑料薄膜将砧木切口和接穗包扎紧密，不留缝隙；4)包扎完成后，采用牙签在嫁接口的下部且位于切口的两侧靠下方位置的塑料薄膜外的每侧扎两个出水孔；本发明通过在嫁接后留出水孔的方法，达到方便排水的目的，提高猕猴桃苗的成活率。The invention discloses a kiwifruit anti-wound and flow-resistant grafting method, comprising the following steps: 1) selecting a suitable rootstock, and cutting a lower knife obliquely inward and downward on the side close to the branch section of the rootstock to form an incision with a length of 3-4 cm 2) on the result tree of excellent cultivar, choose the annual branch of robust growth, full bud eye, no disease and insect damage as scion, and the scion branch is cut into inclined tongue surface on both sides at 0.5-1 centimeter place below the bud eye; 3) by scion The lingual surface is inserted in the incision of the stock, and the lingual cortex of the scion and the incision cortex of the stock are aligned by one side, and the stock incision and the scion are tightly packed with plastic film, leaving no gap; 4) After the dressing is completed, a toothpick is used in the graft. The lower part of the interface and the two sides of the incision are located at the bottom of the plastic film and two water outlet holes are formed on each side; the present invention achieves the purpose of facilitating drainage and improves the survival rate of kiwifruit seedlings through the method of leaving water holes after grafting. .
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种猕猴桃抗伤流嫁接方法，属于猕猴桃种植技术领域。The invention relates to a grafting method for kiwifruit with resistance to injury and flow, and belongs to the technical field of kiwifruit planting.
背景技术Background technique
猕猴桃也称奇异果，中国是猕猴桃的原产地，20世纪早期被引入新西兰，世界猕猴桃原产地在湖北宜昌市夷陵区雾渡河镇，猕猴桃果形一般为椭圆状，早期外观呈绿褐色，成熟后呈红褐色，表皮覆盖浓密绒毛，果肉可食用，其内是呈亮绿色的果肉和一排黑色或者红色的种子，因猕猴喜食，故名猕猴桃，亦有说法是因为果皮覆毛，貌似猕猴而得名，是一种品质鲜嫩，营养丰富，风味鲜美的水果，猕猴桃的质地柔软，口感酸甜。味道被描述为草莓、香蕉、菠萝三者的混合，猕猴桃除含有猕猴桃碱、蛋白水解酶、单宁果胶和糖类等有机物，以及钙、钾、硒、锌、锗等微量元素和人体所需17种氨基酸外，还含有丰富的维生素C、葡萄酸、果糖、柠檬酸、苹果酸、脂肪。现有技术中猕猴桃果树春季嫁接后的伤口处易发生伤流现象，即嫁接口处流水，从而导致猕猴桃苗成活率很低。为此，我们提出一种猕猴桃抗伤流嫁接方法。Kiwifruit is also called kiwifruit. China is the origin of kiwifruit. It was introduced to New Zealand in the early 20th century. The origin of kiwifruit in the world is Wuduhe Town, Yiling District, Yichang City, Hubei Province. The fruit shape of kiwifruit is generally oval. The back is reddish-brown, the skin is covered with dense fluff, and the pulp is edible. Inside is a bright green pulp and a row of black or red seeds. Because kiwis like to eat, it is called kiwifruit. Named after the kiwi, it is a fruit with fresh quality, rich nutrition and delicious flavor. The kiwi fruit has a soft texture and a sweet and sour taste. The taste is described as a mixture of strawberry, banana and pineapple. In addition to kiwifruit, it contains organic substances such as kiwifruit base, proteolytic enzymes, tannins, pectin, and sugars, as well as trace elements such as calcium, potassium, selenium, zinc, and germanium. In addition to 17 kinds of amino acids, it is also rich in vitamin C, grape acid, fructose, citric acid, malic acid, and fat. In the prior art, the wound of the kiwifruit tree after grafting in spring is prone to the phenomenon of injury and flow, that is, the water flowing at the grafting joint, resulting in a very low survival rate of the kiwifruit seedling. To this end, we propose a grafting method of kiwifruit with anti-wound flow.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种猕猴桃抗伤流嫁接方法，通过在嫁接后留出水孔的方法，达到方便排水的目的，提高猕猴桃苗的成活率，可以有效解决背景技术中的问题。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for grafting kiwifruit with anti-wound flow. By leaving water holes after grafting, the purpose of convenient drainage is achieved, the survival rate of kiwifruit seedlings is improved, and the problems in the background technology can be effectively solved.
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种猕猴桃抗伤流嫁接方法，包括如下步骤：A method for grafting kiwifruit to resist injury and flow, comprising the following steps:
1)选取合适的砧木，在靠近砧木枝干断面的一边，下刀向内下方斜切下去，形成切口，切口长3—4cm；1) choose a suitable stock, on the side close to the branch section of the stock, the lower knife is obliquely cut inward and downward to form an incision, and the incision is 3-4cm long;
2)在优良栽培品种的结果树上选取生长健壮、芽眼饱满、无病虫害的一年生枝作为接穗，将接穗枝条在芽眼下方0.5-1厘米处的两侧削成倾斜舌面；2) on the result tree of excellent cultivar, choose the annual branch with robust growth, full bud eye, and no disease and insect damage as scion, and the scion branch is slashed into inclined tongue surfaces at both sides at 0.5-1 centimeter below the bud eye;
3)将接穗的舌面插入砧木的切口内，并使接穗的舌面皮层和砧木的切口皮层靠一边对齐，用塑料薄膜将砧木切口和接穗包扎紧密，不留缝隙；3) the tongue surface of scion is inserted in the incision of stock, and the lingual cortex of scion and the incision cortex of stock are aligned by one side, and the stock incision and scion are tightly packed with plastic film, leaving no gap;
4)包扎完成后，采用牙签在嫁接口的下部且位于切口的两侧靠下方位置的塑料薄膜外的每侧扎两个出水孔。4) After the dressing is completed, use a toothpick to tie two water outlet holes on each side outside the plastic film at the lower part of the grafting port and at the lower positions on both sides of the incision.
进一步的，所述砧木的切口位于砧木上距离地面30—60cm处。Further, the incision of the rootstock is located on the rootstock at a distance of 30-60cm from the ground.
进一步的，所述砧木的切口处要避开中间空心。Further, the incision of the rootstock should avoid the middle hollow.
进一步的，所述接穗的倾斜舌面的长度大于3cm。Further, the length of the inclined tongue surface of the scion is greater than 3 cm.
进一步的，所述出水孔位于砧木被切开的切口的底部处。Further, the water outlet hole is located at the bottom of the cut of the rootstock.
进一步的，所述出水孔预留完成后，用纸袋将嫁接过的接穗套起来。Further, after the water outlet hole is reserved, the grafted scion is covered with a paper bag.
本发明接穗的倾斜舌面的长度大于3cm，可使接穗和砧木的形成层对接的长度长，提高成活率；将砧木的切口设置成位于砧木上距离地面30—60cm处，达到高位嫁接的目的，提高嫁接后猕猴桃植株的抗病性；用牙签在嫁接口下部塑料薄膜外面每侧扎两个出水孔，且出水孔位于砧木被切开的切口的底部，可将伤流的水分排出，达到抗伤流的目的，提高成活率；用纸袋将嫁接过的接穗套起来，避免日晒蒸发，防止砧木和接穗失去过多的水分，影响成活率。The length of the inclined tongue surface of the scion of the invention is greater than 3cm, so that the length of the cambium of the scion and the rootstock can be long, and the survival rate is improved; , improve the disease resistance of kiwifruit plants after grafting; use toothpicks to tie two water outlet holes on each side outside the plastic film at the lower part of the grafting interface, and the water outlet holes are located at the bottom of the incision of the rootstock, which can discharge the wounded water to achieve The purpose of resisting wound flow and improving the survival rate; wrap the grafted scion with a paper bag to avoid sun evaporation, prevent the rootstock and scion from losing too much water and affect the survival rate.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。In order to make the technical means, creative features, achievement goals and effects realized by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific embodiments.
本实施例提供一种猕猴桃抗伤流嫁接方法，包括如下步骤：The present embodiment provides a method for grafting kiwifruit with anti-wound flow, comprising the following steps:
1)选取合适的砧木，在靠近砧木枝干断面的一边，下刀向内下方斜切下去，形成切口，切口长3—4cm；1) choose a suitable stock, on the side close to the branch section of the stock, the lower knife is obliquely cut inward and downward to form an incision, and the incision is 3-4cm long;
2)在优良栽培品种的结果树上选取生长健壮、芽眼饱满、无病虫害的一年生枝作为接穗，将接穗枝条在芽眼下方0.5-1厘米处的两侧削成倾斜舌面；2) on the result tree of excellent cultivar, choose the annual branch with robust growth, full bud eye, and no disease and insect damage as scion, and the scion branch is slashed into inclined tongue surfaces at both sides at 0.5-1 centimeter below the bud eye;
3)将接穗的舌面插入砧木的切口内，并使接穗的舌面皮层和砧木的切口皮层靠一边对齐，用塑料薄膜将砧木切口和接穗包扎紧密，不留缝隙；3) the tongue surface of scion is inserted in the incision of stock, and the lingual cortex of scion and the incision cortex of stock are aligned by one side, and the stock incision and scion are tightly packed with plastic film, leaving no gap;
4)包扎完成后，采用牙签在嫁接口的下部且位于切口的两侧靠下方位置的塑料薄膜外的每侧扎两个出水孔。4) After the dressing is completed, use a toothpick to tie two water outlet holes on each side outside the plastic film at the lower part of the grafting port and at the lower positions on both sides of the incision.
进一步的，所述砧木的切口位于砧木上距离地面30—60cm处。Further, the incision of the rootstock is located on the rootstock at a distance of 30-60cm from the ground.
进一步的，所述砧木的切口处要避开中间空心。Further, the incision of the rootstock should avoid the middle hollow.
进一步的，所述接穗的倾斜舌面的长度大于3cm。Further, the length of the inclined tongue surface of the scion is greater than 3 cm.
进一步的，所述出水孔位于砧木被切开的切口的底部处。Further, the water outlet hole is located at the bottom of the cut of the rootstock.
进一步的，所述出水孔预留完成后，用纸袋将嫁接过的接穗套起来。Further, after the water outlet hole is reserved, the grafted scion is covered with a paper bag.
接穗的倾斜舌面的长度大于3cm，可使接穗和砧木的形成层对接的长度长，提高成活率；将砧木的切口设置成位于砧木上距离地面30—60cm处，达到高位嫁接的目的，提高嫁接后猕猴桃植株的抗病性；用牙签在嫁接口下部塑料薄膜外面每侧扎两个出水孔，且出水孔位于砧木被切开的切口的底部，可将伤流的水分排出，达到抗伤流的目的，提高成活率；用纸袋将嫁接过的接穗套起来，避免日晒蒸发，防止砧木和接穗失去过多的水分，影响成活率。The length of the inclined tongue surface of the scion is greater than 3cm, so that the length of the cambium docking of the scion and the stock is long, and the survival rate is improved; Disease resistance of kiwifruit plants after grafting; use toothpicks to poke two water outlet holes on each side outside the plastic film at the lower part of the grafting interface, and the water outlet holes are located at the bottom of the incision of the rootstock, which can discharge the water from the injury and achieve resistance to injury. The purpose of flow is to improve the survival rate; the grafted scions are covered with paper bags to avoid sun evaporation and prevent the rootstock and scion from losing too much water, which affects the survival rate.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (6)
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