CN104885793A - Cultivation method of black pearl cherries - Google Patents
Cultivation method of black pearl cherries Download PDFInfo
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- CN104885793A CN104885793A CN201510295779.9A CN201510295779A CN104885793A CN 104885793 A CN104885793 A CN 104885793A CN 201510295779 A CN201510295779 A CN 201510295779A CN 104885793 A CN104885793 A CN 104885793A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cherry cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of black pearl cherries. The method includes seed production, seedling growing, grafting, transplanting and management. The method has the advantages that the yield of the black pearl cherries is improved, the weight of a black pearl cherry is 4.1g to 5.6g, the average weight of the black pearl cherries reaches about 4.85g, income of a farmer is improved accordingly, the quality of the black pearl cherries is improved, especially the content of iron element of the black pearl cherries is greatly increased, and effects of anti-anemia, dispelling wind and overcoming dampness, inducing astringency and relieving pain, and maintaining beauty and keeping young by eating the black pearl cherries are enhanced; according to experimental contrast detection, the use of the method allows that the content of trace element iron of the black pearl cherries is 0.7% to 1.3% higher than that of black pearl cherries cultivated by the traditional cultivation method; by subjecting the black pearl cherries to grafting, seedling growing and transplanting processes, the fruiting period is shortened to 2 to 3 years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cherry planting technology field, especially a kind of black pearl cherry implantation methods.
Background technology
Cherry has another name called wedge Jing Tao, car li son etc., is the general designation of the plant of some Prunus, is described as " diamond in fruit ", and it comprises cherry subgenus, sour cherry subgenus, laural cherry subgenus etc.Fruit can eat as fruit, bright in colour, sparkling and crystal-clear beauty, red in agate, and Huang is as congealed fat, and nutrition is abundant especially.Fruit is rich in the mineral trace element such as sugar, protein, vitamin and calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium, and especially the comparision contents of iron is high, has anti-anemia action, expelling wind and eliminating dampness, inducing astrigency pain relieving, beauty treatment in effects such as appearances, dark liking by consumers in general.Cherry happiness Wen Xiguang, be afraid of that flood is afraid of drought, is avoided wind and avoid and freeze, be suitable for average temperature of the whole year more than 10 ~ 13 DEG C, early spring, temperature Change was violent, and summer is nice and cool dry, moderate rainfall, the sufficient regional culture of illumination.Along with the continuous expansion of the market demand, the underproduce of cherry, cherry cultivated area also increases gradually in recent years.But in Cherry Production, part orchard worker extensive management, cultivation method are unreasonable, and the seed output and quality of cherry is not high.
Black pearl cherry is the excellent strain of bud mutation of cherry, and within 1993, Chongqing Southern Fruit Trees research institute selects, and fruit is large, Mean Fruit Weight 4.5 grams.Mid or late Febuary blooms, mid or late April fruit maturation, late November fallen leaves fruit large.The plantation of black pearl cherry generally needs in 3-4 just meeting result, and then causes the cycle starting to bear fruit of black pearl cherry longer, and then increases the planting cost of black pearl cherry.
For this reason, this researcher is by long-term exploration and plantation experience, and the field of planting for black pearl cherry provides a kind of new approaches.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of black pearl cherry implantation methods, solve the above-mentioned technical problem existed in prior art.
Be achieved particular by following technical scheme:
A kind of black pearl cherry implantation methods, comprises the following steps:
(1) production of hybrid seeds: the season for the treatment of annual Wild fruit crop maturation, gather Wild fruit crop fruit, and be positioned in normal temperature environment process of drying in the shade, treat that moisture is after 10-13%, carried out physics vernalization 2.5-3.5 month, mix with sandy soil, liquid by it, mixed humidity just can not be agglomerating to get hold of with hand, the weight ratio of sandy soil and liquid is 1:20, obtains compound;
(2) nursery: by step 1) compound that completes of the production of hybrid seeds is sprinkling upon on nursery lot, and to its rich water quality management conveniently, wait to sprout and grow tall to 70-100cm, cut off top, and plant to be planted is 0.6cm at the diameter of 80cm eminence, and herein by plant horizontal shear, permanganic acid solution and consolidant is adopted to be after 1:1 mixes according to weight ratio to otch, smear process, and to control nursery temperature be 20-30 DEG C of cultivation, stand-by;
(3) grafting: select the branch of black pearl cherry and/or twig and/or leaf bud as scion, and scion is adopted nutrient solution immersion treatment 20-30min, in step 2) process on stand-by plant, cut sth. askew the dark openning of 1-1.5cm in distance 5-10cm place, ground, nursery, and to openning place adopt dropper drip 2-3 drip consolidant and drip a 5-6 drip honey, then by scion insert wherein, scion insertion depth is 1-1.5cm, and open an openning according to a plant, an openning inserts one, scion; Adopt thinfilms 3-7 layer again, and after winding completes, adopt contact pin by film around plant jack 5-7, conveniently graft seedling growth technique manages, and, is torn by the film of winding after 2-3 month in cultivation, continues management and cultivates;
(4) transplanting and management: in the February of annual December to next year, by step 3) transplantation of seedlings plant to base, according to every mu of plantation 45-106 strain, and after plantation completes, top process is cut to seedling, height of seedling is made to be 60cm, in time growing into 1.5m, press strip process is carried out to it, make cherry tree be canopy shape, management, can complete the plantation of black pearl cherry.
Described liquid, its material composition take parts by weight as Asiatic plantain 20-30 part, selfheal 3-7 part, common calla 1-5 part, Typhonium giganteum 1-4 part.
Described liquid, its preparation method Asiatic plantain, selfheal, common calla, Typhonium giganteum is placed in after cracker is ground into powder respectively, then after proportioning mixing, medicinal powder mixes with water by the mode adding 15kg medicinal powder according to 100kg water, and when decocting to 30kg, obtain liquid.
The temperature of described sandy soil is 15-20 DEG C.
The fineness of described sandy soil is 70-90 order.
Described nutrient solution, its material composition take parts by weight as white sugar 0.3-0.5 part, pseudo-ginseng 1-3 part, Moschus 1-5 part, marine alga 2-3 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.1-0.3 part, rice vinegar 0.6-0.9 part, honey 0.1-0.5 part, ash 10-15 part.
Described nutrient solution, its preparation method is pulverized after pseudo-ginseng, Moschus, marine alga, Radix Glycyrrhizae being mixed, and the 2-3 times of weight that adds water decocts, treat solution weight be water has weighed when adding 0.1-0.3 doubly, filter, and filtrate is divided into 4 parts and joins in white sugar, rice vinegar, honey, ash, and adopt the mixing speed of 100-200r/min to stir, again four kinds of mixed liquors are poured in a container and mix, can nutrient solution be obtained.
Compared with prior art, technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
Pass through the production of hybrid seeds, nursery, grafting, transplant, management process, and then the output of the black pearl cherry of planting out is improved, make the single fruit weight of black pearl cherry reach 4.1-5.6g, and then make the single fruit counterpoise of black pearl reach about 4.85, and then improve the income of plantation black pearl cherry orchard worker; And the quality of black pearl cherry fruit is improved, the content of the ferro element especially in black pearl cherry is improved largely, and then enhance edible cherry reach anti-anemia action, expelling wind and eliminating dampness, inducing astrigency pain relieving, beauty treatment stay hold effect, detect according to Experimental Comparison, the content that the content of the trace elements iron in the black pearl cherry that implantation methods of the present invention plants out compares the trace elements iron that traditional black pearl cherry plants out exceeds 0.7-1.3 percentage point; Moreover, the present invention makes the cycle of bearing fruit of black pearl be shortened by carrying out graft seedling growth transplanting process to black pearl cherry, and reduce plantation family planting cost, namely after transplanting, Second Year starts to bear fruit, 5-6 reaches high yield, and high yield period, every strain output reached 25.6-29.8kg.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, further restriction is done to technical scheme of the present invention, but claimed scope is not only confined to done description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of black pearl cherry implantation methods, comprises the following steps:
(1) production of hybrid seeds: the season for the treatment of annual Wild fruit crop maturation, gather Wild fruit crop fruit, and be positioned in normal temperature environment process of drying in the shade, treat that moisture is after 10%, carried out physics vernalization 2.5 months, mix by it with sandy soil, liquid, mixed humidity just can not be agglomerating to get hold of with hand, the weight ratio of sandy soil and liquid is 1:20, obtains compound;
(2) nursery: by step 1) compound that completes of the production of hybrid seeds is sprinkling upon on nursery lot, and to its rich water quality management conveniently, wait to sprout and grow tall to 70cm, cut off top, and plant to be planted is 0.6cm at the diameter of 80cm eminence, and herein by plant horizontal shear, permanganic acid solution and consolidant is adopted to be after 1:1 mixes according to weight ratio to otch, smear process, and to control nursery temperature be 20 DEG C of cultivations, stand-by;
(3) grafting: select the branch of black pearl cherry and/or twig and/or leaf bud as scion, and scion is adopted nutrient solution immersion treatment 20min, in step 2) process on stand-by plant, cut sth. askew the dark openning of 1cm in distance 5cm place, ground, nursery, and adopt dropper drip 2 consolidants and drip 5 honey to openning place, then scion is inserted wherein, scion insertion depth is 1cm, and open an openning according to a plant, an openning inserts one, scion; Adopt thinfilms 3 layers again, and after winding completes, adopt contact pin by film along jack 5 around plant, conveniently graft seedling growth technique manages, and in cultivation after 2 months, is torn by the film of winding, continues management and cultivates;
(4) transplanting and management: in the February of annual December to next year, by step 3) transplantation of seedlings plant to base, according to every mu of plantation 45 strains, and after plantation completes, top process is cut to seedling, height of seedling is made to be 60cm, in time growing into 1.5m, press strip process is carried out to it, make cherry tree be canopy shape, management, can complete the plantation of black pearl cherry.
Described liquid, its material composition is Asiatic plantain 20kg, selfheal 3kg, common calla 1kg, Typhonium giganteum 1kg by weight.
Described liquid, its preparation method Asiatic plantain, selfheal, common calla, Typhonium giganteum is placed in after cracker is ground into powder respectively, then after proportioning mixing, medicinal powder mixes with water by the mode adding 15kg medicinal powder according to 100kg water, and when decocting to 30kg, obtain liquid.
The temperature of described sandy soil is 15 DEG C.
The fineness of described sandy soil is 70 orders.
Described nutrient solution, its material composition is white sugar 0.3kg, pseudo-ginseng 1kg, Moschus 1kg, marine alga 2kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.1kg, rice vinegar 0.6kg, honey 0.1kg, ash 10kg by weight.
Described nutrient solution, its preparation method is pulverized after pseudo-ginseng, Moschus, marine alga, Radix Glycyrrhizae being mixed, and the 2 times of weight that add water decoct, treat that solution weight is water heavy 0.1 times when adding, filter, and filtrate is divided into 4 parts and joins in white sugar, rice vinegar, honey, ash, and adopt the mixing speed of 100r/min to stir, again four kinds of mixed liquors are poured in a container and mix, can nutrient solution be obtained.
Embodiment 2
A kind of black pearl cherry implantation methods, comprises the following steps:
(1) production of hybrid seeds: the season for the treatment of annual Wild fruit crop maturation, gather Wild fruit crop fruit, and be positioned in normal temperature environment process of drying in the shade, treat that moisture is after 13%, carried out physics vernalization 3.5 months, mix by it with sandy soil, liquid, mixed humidity just can not be agglomerating to get hold of with hand, the weight ratio of sandy soil and liquid is 1:20, obtains compound;
(2) nursery: by step 1) compound that completes of the production of hybrid seeds is sprinkling upon on nursery lot, and to its rich water quality management conveniently, wait to sprout and grow tall to 100cm, cut off top, and plant to be planted is 0.6cm at the diameter of 80cm eminence, and herein by plant horizontal shear, permanganic acid solution and consolidant is adopted to be after 1:1 mixes according to weight ratio to otch, smear process, and to control nursery temperature be 30 DEG C of cultivations, stand-by;
(3) grafting: select the branch of black pearl cherry and/or twig and/or leaf bud as scion, and scion is adopted nutrient solution immersion treatment 30min, in step 2) process on stand-by plant, cut sth. askew the dark openning of 1.5cm in distance 10cm place, ground, nursery, and adopt dropper drip 3 consolidants and drip 6 honey to openning place, then scion is inserted wherein, scion insertion depth is 1.5cm, and open an openning according to a plant, an openning inserts one, scion; Adopt thinfilms 7 layers again, and after winding completes, adopt contact pin by film along jack 7 around plant, conveniently graft seedling growth technique manages, and in cultivation after 3 months, is torn by the film of winding, continues management and cultivates;
(4) transplanting and management: in the February of annual December to next year, by step 3) transplantation of seedlings plant to base, according to every mu of plantation 106 strains, and after plantation completes, top process is cut to seedling, height of seedling is made to be 60cm, in time growing into 1.5m, press strip process is carried out to it, make cherry tree be canopy shape, management, can complete the plantation of black pearl cherry.
Described liquid, its material composition is Asiatic plantain 30kg, selfheal 7kg, common calla 5kg, Typhonium giganteum 4kg by weight.
Described liquid, its preparation method Asiatic plantain, selfheal, common calla, Typhonium giganteum is placed in after cracker is ground into powder respectively, then after proportioning mixing, medicinal powder mixes with water by the mode adding 15kg medicinal powder according to 100kg water, and when decocting to 30kg, obtain liquid.
The temperature of described sandy soil is 20 DEG C.
The fineness of described sandy soil is 90 orders.
Described nutrient solution, its material composition take parts by weight as white sugar 0.5kg, pseudo-ginseng 3kg, Moschus 5kg, marine alga 3kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.3kg, rice vinegar 0.9kg, honey 0.5kg, ash 15kg.
Described nutrient solution, its preparation method is pulverized after pseudo-ginseng, Moschus, marine alga, Radix Glycyrrhizae being mixed, and the 3 times of weight that add water decoct, treat that solution weight is water heavy 0.3 times when adding, filter, and filtrate is divided into 4 parts and joins in white sugar, rice vinegar, honey, ash, and adopt the mixing speed of 200r/min to stir, again four kinds of mixed liquors are poured in a container and mix, can nutrient solution be obtained.
Embodiment 3
A kind of black pearl cherry implantation methods, comprises the following steps:
(1) production of hybrid seeds: the season for the treatment of annual Wild fruit crop maturation, gather Wild fruit crop fruit, and be positioned in normal temperature environment process of drying in the shade, treat that moisture is after 11%, carried out physics vernalization 3 months, mix by it with sandy soil, liquid, mixed humidity just can not be agglomerating to get hold of with hand, the weight ratio of sandy soil and liquid is 1:20, obtains compound;
(2) nursery: by step 1) compound that completes of the production of hybrid seeds is sprinkling upon on nursery lot, and to its rich water quality management conveniently, wait to sprout and grow tall to 80cm, cut off top, and plant to be planted is 0.6cm at the diameter of 80cm eminence, and herein by plant horizontal shear, permanganic acid solution and consolidant is adopted to be after 1:1 mixes according to weight ratio to otch, smear process, and to control nursery temperature be 25 DEG C of cultivations, stand-by;
(3) grafting: select the branch of black pearl cherry and/or twig and/or leaf bud as scion, and scion is adopted nutrient solution immersion treatment 25min, in step 2) process on stand-by plant, cut sth. askew the dark openning of 1.3cm in distance 8cm place, ground, nursery, and adopt dropper drip 3 consolidants and drip 5 honey to openning place, then scion is inserted wherein, scion insertion depth is 1.2cm, and open an openning according to a plant, an openning inserts one, scion; Adopt thinfilms 5 layers again, and after winding completes, adopt contact pin by film along jack 6 around plant, conveniently graft seedling growth technique manages, and in cultivation after 2.5 months, is torn by the film of winding, continues management and cultivates;
(4) transplanting and management: in the February of annual December to next year, by step 3) transplantation of seedlings plant to base, according to every mu of plantation 96 strains, and after plantation completes, top process is cut to seedling, height of seedling is made to be 60cm, in time growing into 1.5m, press strip process is carried out to it, make cherry tree be canopy shape, management, can complete the plantation of black pearl cherry.
Described liquid, its material composition is Asiatic plantain 25kg, selfheal 5kg, common calla 3kg, Typhonium giganteum 2.5kg by weight.
Described liquid, its preparation method Asiatic plantain, selfheal, common calla, Typhonium giganteum is placed in after cracker is ground into powder respectively, then after proportioning mixing, medicinal powder mixes with water by the mode adding 15kg medicinal powder according to 100kg water, and when decocting to 30kg, obtain liquid.
The temperature of described sandy soil is 16 DEG C.
The fineness of described sandy soil is 80 orders.
Described nutrient solution, its material composition is white sugar 0.4kg, pseudo-ginseng 2kg, Moschus 3kg, marine alga 2.5kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.15kg, rice vinegar 0.8kg, honey 0.3kg, ash 11kg by weight.
Described nutrient solution, its preparation method is pulverized after pseudo-ginseng, Moschus, marine alga, Radix Glycyrrhizae being mixed, and the 2.5 times of weight that add water decoct, treat that solution weight is water heavy 0.2 times when adding, filter, and filtrate is divided into 4 parts and joins in white sugar, rice vinegar, honey, ash, and adopt the mixing speed of 150r/min to stir, again four kinds of mixed liquors are poured in a container and mix, can nutrient solution be obtained.
Claims (7)
1. a black pearl cherry implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) production of hybrid seeds: the season for the treatment of annual Wild fruit crop maturation, gather Wild fruit crop fruit, and be positioned in normal temperature environment process of drying in the shade, treat that moisture is after 10-13%, carried out physics vernalization 2.5-3.5 month, mix with sandy soil, liquid by it, mixed humidity just can not be agglomerating to get hold of with hand, the weight ratio of sandy soil and liquid is 1:20, obtains compound;
(2) nursery: by step 1) compound that completes of the production of hybrid seeds is sprinkling upon on nursery lot, and to its rich water quality management conveniently, wait to sprout and grow tall to 70-100cm, cut off top, and plant to be planted is 0.6cm at the diameter of 80cm eminence, and herein by plant horizontal shear, permanganic acid solution and consolidant is adopted to be after 1:1 mixes according to weight ratio to otch, smear process, and to control nursery temperature be 20-30 DEG C of cultivation, stand-by;
(3) grafting: select the branch of black pearl cherry and/or twig and/or leaf bud as scion, and scion is adopted nutrient solution immersion treatment 20-30min, in step 2) process on stand-by plant, cut sth. askew the dark openning of 1-1.5cm in distance 5-10cm place, ground, nursery, and to openning place adopt dropper drip 2-3 drip consolidant and drip a 5-6 drip honey, then by scion insert wherein, scion insertion depth is 1-1.5cm, and open an openning according to a plant, an openning inserts one, scion; Adopt thinfilms 3-7 layer again, and after winding completes, adopt contact pin by film around plant jack 5-7, conveniently graft seedling growth technique manages, and, is torn by the film of winding after 2-3 month in cultivation, continues management and cultivates;
(4) transplanting and management: in the February of annual December to next year, by step 3) transplantation of seedlings plant to base, according to every mu of plantation 45-106 strain, and after plantation completes, top process is cut to seedling, height of seedling is made to be 60cm, in time growing into 1.5m, press strip process is carried out to it, make cherry tree be canopy shape, management, can complete the plantation of black pearl cherry.
2. black pearl cherry implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described liquid, its material composition take parts by weight as Asiatic plantain 20-30 part, selfheal 3-7 part, common calla 1-5 part, Typhonium giganteum 1-4 part.
3. black pearl cherry implantation methods as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described liquid, its preparation method Asiatic plantain, selfheal, common calla, Typhonium giganteum is placed in after cracker is ground into powder respectively, again after proportioning mixing, medicinal powder mixes with water by the mode adding 15kg medicinal powder according to 100kg water, and when decocting to 30kg, obtains liquid.
4. black pearl cherry implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the temperature of described sandy soil is 15-20 DEG C.
5. black pearl cherry implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fineness of described sandy soil is 70-90 order.
6. black pearl cherry implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described nutrient solution, its material composition take parts by weight as white sugar 0.3-0.5 part, pseudo-ginseng 1-3 part, Moschus 1-5 part, marine alga 2-3 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.1-0.3 part, rice vinegar 0.6-0.9 part, honey 0.1-0.5 part, ash 10-15 part.
7. black pearl cherry implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described nutrient solution, its preparation method is pulverized after pseudo-ginseng, Moschus, marine alga, Radix Glycyrrhizae being mixed, and the 2-3 times of weight that adds water decocts, treat solution weight be water has weighed when adding 0.1-0.3 doubly, filter, and filtrate is divided into 4 parts and joins in white sugar, rice vinegar, honey, ash, and adopt the mixing speed of 100-200r/min to stir, again four kinds of mixed liquors are poured in a container and mix, can nutrient solution be obtained.
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| CN105123289A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2015-12-09 | 攀枝花市农林科学研究院 | Cherry grafting method |
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| CN105918071A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-07 | 罗永祥 | Olive tree transplanting method |
| CN107548823A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 镇江市丹徒区荣炳南岗山蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of peach high aloft method for culturing seedlings |
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