CN110140608B - A kind of cultivation method of roselle twice a year - Google Patents

A kind of cultivation method of roselle twice a year Download PDF

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CN110140608B
CN110140608B CN201910525012.9A CN201910525012A CN110140608B CN 110140608 B CN110140608 B CN 110140608B CN 201910525012 A CN201910525012 A CN 201910525012A CN 110140608 B CN110140608 B CN 110140608B
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roselle
water
soil
transplanting
planting
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赵艳红
唐兴富
李初英
侯文焕
廖小芳
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers

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Abstract

本发明涉及农业种植领域,具体公开了一种玫瑰茄一年两熟的栽培方法,包括春造果栽培和秋造果栽培,两造果的栽培均包括:(1)制备育苗杯,(2)育苗,(3)整地,(4)大田移栽,(5)水肥管理,(6)主要病虫害防治,(7)第采摘与贮藏。其中,春造果栽培在玫瑰茄返青至5‑6片真叶时还要进行短日照处理。本发明通过采用提前育苗、短日照处理、秋造换行定植等措施,实现玫瑰茄一年两熟的栽培方法。一年两熟鲜果亩产量较一年一熟增产1.49%,且春造果错开高峰期上市,具有明显价格优势,极大地提高了经济效果,提供土地的复种指数。本方法尤其适于在我国长江以南的地区推广种植。The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, and specifically discloses a method for cultivating roselle twice a year, including spring fruit cultivation and autumn fruit cultivation, both of which include: (1) preparing a seedling cup, (2) ) seedling raising, (3) land preparation, (4) field transplanting, (5) water and fertilizer management, (6) main pest control, (7) picking and storage. Among them, in spring fruit cultivation, short-day treatment should be performed when roselle turns green to 5-6 true leaves. The invention realizes the cultivation method of two-cropping roselle a year by adopting measures such as early seedling raising, short-day treatment, autumn cropping and row changing and planting. The yield per mu of fresh fruit with two crops a year increases by 1.49% compared with one crop a year, and the spring fruit production is staggered in the peak season, which has obvious price advantages, greatly improves the economic effect, and provides the multi-cropping index of the land. This method is especially suitable for popularizing and planting in the areas south of the Yangtze River in my country.

Description

Method for cultivating roselle twice a year
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating roselle twice a year.
Background
Hibiscus sabdariffa L is a plant of Hibiscus genus of Malvaceae family, also called Hibiscus sabdariffa, Solanum torvum Linn, and Prunus persica K. Tropical and subtropical short-day economic crops with various nutritional values, medicinal values and health-care functions. The dry or fresh calyx of the roselle has the commercial value, the fresh calyx has a fleshy structure and is succulent, the roselle calyx contains abundant proteins, organic acids, vitamin C, various amino acids and mineral substances required by human bodies, such as iron, calcium, phosphorus and the like, and the roselle calyx contains hibiscus acid, anthocyanin, reducing sugar and the like which have important medicinal and health-care effects on human bodies. The sepals of the roselle in the mature period are rose or purple red, have high ornamental value, are suitable for being used as ornamental flowers, are fond of warm light and early frost, and are suitable for being cultivated in the south area of the Yangtze river in China.
Roselle belongs to typical short-day crops, and in southern areas, the roselle flowers and fruits only begin to blossom and bear fruits when the roselle seeds enter short day in 9 months no matter in spring or summer, namely the roselle seeds are all ripe once a year in the positive season in southern areas, and generally appear on the market in 10-11 months. In order to improve the yield, the economic benefit and the multiple cropping index of land of the roselle and further promote the popularization and the planting of the roselle, the situation that the roselle is sold on the market and has low price in one-year-one-harvest mode needs to be broken.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating roselle which is ripe once and two times a year, thereby overcoming the defect that roselle is ripe once and is intensively marketed once a year.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for cultivating roselle twice a year, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) cultivating the roselle in spring:
(1) preparing a seedling cup: sterilizing the nutrient soil by hymexazol, and then filling the nutrient soil into a seedling culture container for later use;
(2) seedling culture: 3, seedling in late ten days, namely, watering the nutrient soil in the seedling container thoroughly, sowing roselle seeds, and placing the seedling container in an artificial climate chamber at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ for culture;
(3) land preparation: applying base fertilizer after deep ploughing and harrowing, ditching at a row spacing of 0.8m, and finally spraying hymexazol to the whole planting field for soil disinfection;
(4) transplanting in a field: transplanting in shade when the seedling grows to 4 true leaves, removing the seedling container during transplanting, transplanting with soil according to the specification of 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m of plant-row spacing, and watering enough root fixing water after transplanting;
(5) short-day treatment: when the roselle turns green and grows to 5-6 true leaves, a small arched shed is erected above the planting plot, a black film is covered for shading treatment, the sunshine time is 10-11.5h, the shading treatment is carried out for 20-25d, and the black film is removed after the roselle buds;
(6) and (3) water and fertilizer management: performing water and fertilizer management according to the growth vigor of roselle, replenishing water to the soil in the field with a relative water holding capacity of 70-80% for a long time, and draining water in time if water is accumulated in case of rainstorm; after the seedlings turn green, applying 15-15-15 kg of ternary compound fertilizer in an application amount of 10-20 kg;
(7) the main pest control: the main diseases in the growth process of roselle are southern blight and damping off, and the southern blight adopts carbendazim wettable powder 800-; the rhizoctonia disease is irrigated to roots by mixing hymexazol with the mass content of 99% and water by 3000 times, wherein each plant contains 200ml of hymexazol, and the rhizoctonia disease is irrigated once every 7 days for 3 times continuously;
(8) picking and storing: picking a first batch of fresh fruits and fresh sepals in the last ten days of the month, and picking a second batch of fresh fruits and sepals after 6-10 days; timely removing kernels after the fresh fruits are cut and harvested, and separately airing the kernels and sepals;
and (3) cultivating roselle in autumn:
(9) preparing a seedling cup: sterilizing the nutrient soil by hymexazol, and then filling the nutrient soil into a seedling culture container for later use;
(10) seedling culture: starting seedling culture in late ten days of 5 months, watering the nutrient soil in the seedling culture container thoroughly, sowing roselle seeds, and placing the seedling culture container in an artificial climate chamber at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ for culture;
(11) land preparation: applying base fertilizer after deep ploughing and harrowing, ditching at a row spacing of 0.8m, and finally spraying hymexazol to the whole planting field for soil disinfection;
(12) transplanting in a field: line changing and field planting are carried out at the beginning of 7 months, and summer planting lines and spring planting lines are staggered; transplanting in shade, removing seedling container during transplanting, transplanting with soil according to the specification of 0.8m × 0.8m, and watering sufficient root fixing water after transplanting;
(13) and (3) water and fertilizer management: performing water and fertilizer management according to the growth vigor of roselle, replenishing water to the soil in the field with a relative water holding capacity of 70-80% for a long time, and draining water in time if water is accumulated in case of rainstorm; after the seedlings turn green, applying 15-15-15 kg of ternary compound fertilizer in an application amount of 10-20 kg;
(14) the main pest control: the main diseases in the growth process of roselle are southern blight and damping off, and the southern blight adopts carbendazim wettable powder 800-; the rhizoctonia disease is irrigated to roots by mixing hymexazol with the mass content of 99% and water by 3000 times, wherein each plant contains 200ml of hymexazol, and the rhizoctonia disease is irrigated once every 7 days for 3 times continuously;
(15) picking and storing: picking fresh fruits and fresh sepals in batches in the last 10 th month; the core of the fresh fruit is removed in time after the fresh fruit is cut and collected, and the core and sepals are separately aired. Picking is generally carried out at intervals of about one week, and picking is carried out about 4 times according to the growth condition of roselle.
Management not described in the present application is performed by a conventional method. The cultivation method is particularly suitable for popularization and application in southern areas of China or areas with similar climatic conditions.
Preferably, in the steps (1) and (9), 99% of hymexazol disinfection nutrient soil is adopted, and every 1g of hymexazol and 15kg of nutrient soil are mixed with soil for disinfection. The nutrient soil can be purchased from the market. Through the disinfection of the nutrient soil, the occurrence of soil-borne diseases is reduced, and the cultivation of healthy seedlings is facilitated.
Preferably, in the steps (3) and (11), 400-420kg of base fertilizer is applied to each mu of land, wherein the base fertilizer is prepared by mixing 15-15-15 parts of ternary compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1: 20 are mixed together. The organic fertilizer can adopt decomposed animal excrement.
Preferably, in the step (3), 250 ml of hymexazol water solution with the mass content of 15 percent and 800ml of mixed water are sprayed to the whole planting field per mu for soil disinfection. Reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests.
Preferably, in the step (4), the outdoor temperature is stabilized at 15-20 ℃ during transplanting.
Preferably, in step (5), the black film is covered at 18:30 pm and uncovered at 7:30 am the following day.
Preferably, in the step (6), 5 kg/mu of potash fertilizer is additionally applied after budding of roselle in the step (6).
Preferably, in step (10), roselle begins to flower in the last 9 months, and sepals begin to be picked 10 days after flowering. At this time, the sepals are of the best quality. Meanwhile, picking is carried out in batches, so that the quality and commodity of sepals are guaranteed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, seedlings are grown in advance in a greenhouse in spring, the seedlings are transplanted when the outdoor temperature is stable above 15 ℃, short-day treatment is carried out after the seedlings are turned green, and fresh fruits and fresh sepals of the roselle in spring are harvested at the bottom of 6 months and in the early 7 months. After the harvest is finished in the beginning of 7 months, transplanting the roselle seedlings growing to 4-6 true leaves (growing seedlings about 30 days in advance), and carrying out line changing and field planting, wherein summer planting lines and spring planting lines are staggered. In autumn, roselle blooms and fruits in 9 months, and fresh fruits and fresh sepals are picked in batches in 10 months, so that the cultivation method of the roselle which is ripe once a year and twice is formed. The yield of fresh fruits per mu in two spring ripeness in one year is 366.53kg, and the fresh sepals are 202.95 kg; 736.69kg of fresh fruits produced in autumn, 461.80kg of fresh sepals, and 1103.22kg of the total yield of the fresh fruits produced in autumn per mu; 664.75kg of fresh sepals; the yield per mu of the fresh fruits which are ripe once a year is 1086.81kg, and the yield of the fresh sepals is 772.12kg (Table 1). The yield per mu of the fresh fruits with double cropping in one year is increased by 1.49 percent compared with the yield per mu of the fresh sepals with double cropping in one year, and the yield per mu of the fresh sepals with double cropping in one year is slightly lower than that of the fresh sepals with single cropping in one year. The fresh spring roselle has price advantage and greatly improves economic benefit. Therefore, the two cropping in one year not only improves the land multiple cropping index, but also improves the economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
In this example, the cultivation method was carried out in 2017 at a test site of Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences with a planting area of 5 mu, and included the following steps:
cultivation method of spring roselle
(1) Preparing a seedling cup, mixing 99% of hymexazol by mass according to the proportion of 1g and 15kg of nutrient soil, disinfecting, and then using a paper cup with the volume of 200ml for cup filling for later use.
(2) And (5) seedling culture, wherein the seedling culture is carried out in 21 days in 3 months. And (3) thoroughly watering the seedling raising cups, sowing 2 seeds in each nutrition cup, culturing in an artificial climate chamber at the temperature of 25-27 ℃, and transferring the seedlings into a field when the seedlings grow to 4 true leaves.
(3) Preparing soil, ploughing deeply, applying 15-15-15 g of ternary compound fertilizer and 400kg of organic fertilizer as base fertilizer per mu, and ditching at a row spacing of 0.8 m. Finally, spraying 800ml of hymexazol with 15 percent of water agent and 800ml of mixed water to the whole planting field for soil disinfection.
(4) Transplanting in field, when the seedling grows to 4 true leaves, transplanting in shade, removing paper cups when transplanting, transplanting with soil according to the specification of 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, transplanting 1042 plants per mu, and watering enough rooting water after transplanting.
(5) And (3) short-day treatment, namely when the roselle turns green and grows to 5-6 true leaves, erecting a small arched shed above the planting plot, covering a black film for shading treatment, wherein the sunshine duration is 10-11 hours, namely covering the black film at 18:00-18:3000 in the afternoon, uncovering the black film at 7:00-8:00 in the afternoon on the next day, and stopping shading treatment until the roselle has buds.
(6) Water and fertilizer management, namely performing water and fertilizer management according to the growth vigor of roselle, supplementing water in time until the relative water holding capacity of field soil reaches 70-80% in a vigorous growing period and a flowering and fruiting period, and draining water in time if water is accumulated in case of rainstorm; and simultaneously, properly topdressing, namely topdressing 15-15-15 of the ternary compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the application amount is 20 kg.
(7) And (3) pest control, wherein main diseases in the growth process of the roselle are southern blight and damping off. Adopting 50 percent carbendazim wettable powder 800-fold liquid and 1000-fold liquid for treating southern blight; the rhizoctonia disease is irrigated with 3000 times of 99% hymexazol mixed with water, each plant is 400ml, and the rhizoctonia disease is irrigated once every 7 days for 3 times continuously.
(8) Picking and storing, wherein the first batch of fruits is picked about 30 days after beginning to flower in late 5 months, and the second batch of fruits is picked about 7 days later. In order to avoid influencing the planting of the next batch of roselle, the method generally suggests that the roselle is harvested twice in spring, and the picking is completed in the early 7 months at the bottom of 6 months. The fresh fruits are cut and harvested, the kernels are timely removed, the kernels and the sepals are separately aired, and the sepals are timely stored in a moisture-proof manner after being aired.
And (3) cultivating roselle in autumn:
(9) preparing a seedling cup, mixing 99% of hymexazol by mass according to the proportion of 1g and 15kg of nutrient soil, disinfecting, and then using a circular flowerpot with the diameter of 20cm and the depth of 10cm for later use.
(10) And (4) seedling raising, namely starting seedling raising in 23 days after 5 months, watering seedling raising pots thoroughly with bottom soil moisture, sowing 2 seedlings in each pot, keeping the proper humidity of the flowerpot at ordinary times, and moving the seedlings into the field when the seedlings grow to 4-6 true leaves.
(11) Preparing soil and base fertilizer, deep ploughing, applying 15-15-15 g of ternary compound fertilizer per mu, applying 20kg of organic fertilizer 400kg as base fertilizer, and ditching at a row spacing of 0.8 m. And (3) spraying 250 ml of hymexazol water solution and 800ml of mixed water with the mass content of 15 percent to the whole planting field for soil disinfection before transplanting.
(12) Transplanting in field, changing rows and planting in the beginning of 7 months, wherein the rows planted in summer and the rows planted in spring are staggered. Transplanting in cloudy days, removing paper cups when transplanting, transplanting with soil according to the specification of 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m, transplanting 1042 plants per mu, and watering enough rooting water after transplanting.
(13) Water and fertilizer management, namely performing water and fertilizer management according to the growth vigor of roselle, supplementing water in time until the relative water holding capacity of field soil reaches 70-80% in a vigorous growing period and a flowering and fruiting period, and draining water in time if water is accumulated in case of rainstorm; and simultaneously, properly topdressing, namely topdressing 15-15-15 of the ternary compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the application amount is 10 kg.
(14) And (3) pest control, wherein main diseases in the growth process of the roselle are southern blight and damping off. For southern blight, 1000-fold 1500-time liquid of 80% mancozeb wettable powder is adopted for root irrigation; the rhizoctonia disease is irrigated with 3000 times of 99% hymexazol mixed with water, and each plant is irrigated with 400ml of 200-400ml of water, once every 7 days. This was continued for 3 times.
(15) Picking and storing, wherein the fruits begin to bloom in the last ten days of 9 months, the fruits begin to be picked in batches in the last ten days of 10 months, and the fruits are picked once every 7 days for 4 times. 30d after blooming is the optimal sepal picking period, and the sepals are picked in batches in order to ensure the quality and commodity of the sepals. The fresh fruits are cut and harvested, the kernels are timely removed, the kernels and the sepals are separately aired, and the sepals are timely stored in a moisture-proof manner after being aired.
The yields of fresh fruits and fresh sepals of the roselle cultivated by the method of twice-cropping in one year are shown in the table.
Figure 73467DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
As can be seen from Table 1, the yield per mu of the two-cropping fresh fruits per year is increased by 1.49% compared with the yield per mu of the one-cropping fresh calyx, while the yield per mu of the two-cropping fresh calyx is slightly lower than the yield per mu of the one-cropping fresh fruits per year. The price of the fresh spring roselle is superior, the average price of the fresh spring roselle is 40-50 yuan/kg, which is 12-20 yuan/kg higher than that of the fresh spring roselle when the fresh spring roselle is centrally listed, and each kg of the fresh spring roselle is about 20-30 yuan higher than that of the fresh spring roselle. Greatly improving the economic benefit. Therefore, the two cropping in one year not only improves the land multiple cropping index, but also improves the economic benefit.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1.一种玫瑰茄一年两熟的栽培方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:1. a cultivation method of roselle twice a year, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: 春造玫瑰茄栽培:Spring Roselle Cultivation: (1)制备育苗杯:采用恶霉灵将营养土消毒后装入育苗容器中备用;(1) Preparation of seedling cups: sterilize the nutrient soil with oxamid and put it into a seedling container for later use; (2)育苗:3月下旬育苗,将育苗容器内的营养土浇透水后再播种玫瑰茄种子,并将育苗容器放置在气温为25-27℃的人工气候室培养;(2) Raising seedlings: Raising seedlings in late March, irrigating the nutrient soil in the seedling container with water before planting roselle seeds, and placing the container in an artificial climate room with an air temperature of 25-27 °C for cultivation; (3)整地:深耕犁耙后施入基肥,并以0.8m的行距开沟,最后用恶霉灵喷施整块种植田进行土壤消毒;(3) Land preparation: apply basal fertilizer after deep ploughing and harrowing, open trenches with a row spacing of 0.8m, and finally spray the entire planting field with oxamid for soil disinfection; (4)大田移栽:当苗长至4片真叶时,选择阴天移栽,移苗时将育苗容器去掉,按株行距0.8m×0.8m的规格带土移栽,移栽后浇足定根水;(4) Transplanting in the field: when the seedlings grow to 4 true leaves, choose a cloudy day for transplanting, remove the seedling container when transplanting the seedlings, and transplant with soil according to the specifications of the plant-row spacing of 0.8m × 0.8m, and pour water after transplanting. foot root water; (5)短日照处理:当玫瑰茄返青且长至5-6片真叶时,在种植小区上方搭起小拱棚,覆盖黑色薄膜进行遮光处理,使日照时间为10-11.5h,遮光处理20-25d,直至玫瑰茄现蕾后再揭去黑色薄膜;(5) Short-day light treatment: When the roselle turns green and grows to 5-6 true leaves, a small arch canopy is set up above the planting area, covered with black film for shading treatment, so that the sunshine time is 10-11.5h, and the shading treatment is 20 hours. -25d, until the roselle buds, then remove the black film; (6)水肥管理:根据玫瑰茄的长势进行水肥管理,旺长期及时补充水分至田间土壤相对持水量达70-80%,若遇暴雨积水,及时排水;苗返青后追施三元复合肥15-15-15,施用量为10-20kg;(6) Water and fertilizer management: Water and fertilizer management should be carried out according to the growth of the roselle, and the water should be replenished in a timely manner until the relative water holding capacity of the field soil reaches 70-80%. 15-15-15, the application amount is 10-20kg; (7)主要病虫害防治:玫瑰茄生长过程中主要病害为白绢病和立枯病,白绢病采用质量含量50%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂800-1000倍液或质量含量80%的代森锰锌可湿性粉剂1000-1500倍液灌根;立枯病采用质量含量99%的恶霉灵兑水3000倍灌根,每株200-400ml,每7天一次,连续3次;(7) Prevention and control of main diseases and insect pests: The main diseases in the growth process of roselle are white silk disease and bacterial blight. For white silk disease, 800-1000 times of carbendazim wettable powder with 50% mass content or 80% mass content is used. Mancozeb wettable powder 1000-1500 times of liquid to irrigate the roots; for the root blight, 99% hamamidil and 3000 times of water are used to irrigate the roots, 200-400ml per plant, once every 7 days, 3 times in a row; (8)采摘与贮藏:6月下旬开始采摘第一批鲜果和鲜萼片,6-10d后采摘第二批鲜果和萼片;鲜果剪收后及时脱核,并将果核和萼片分开晾晒;(8) Picking and storage: The first batch of fresh fruits and fresh sepals will be picked in late June, and the second batch of fresh fruits and sepals will be picked after 6-10 d; 秋造玫瑰茄栽培:Cultivation of roselle in autumn: (9)制备育苗杯:采用恶霉灵将营养土消毒后装入育苗容器中备用;(9) Preparation of seedling cups: sterilize the nutrient soil with oxamid and put it into a seedling container for later use; (10)育苗:5月下旬开始育苗,将育苗容器内的营养土浇透水后再播种玫瑰茄种子,并将育苗容器放置在气温为25-27℃的人工气候室培养;(10) Seedling raising: Start raising seedlings in late May, irrigate the nutrient soil in the seedling raising container with water, then sow roselle seeds, and place the seedling raising container in an artificial climate room with an air temperature of 25-27 °C for cultivation; (11)整地:深耕犁耙后施入基肥,并以0.8m的行距开沟,最后用恶霉灵喷施整块种植田进行土壤消毒;(11) Land preparation: apply basal fertilizer after deep ploughing and harrowing, open trenches with a row spacing of 0.8m, and finally spray the entire planting field with oxamid for soil disinfection; (12)大田移栽:7月初实行换行定植,夏季种植行和春季种植行相错开;选择阴天移栽,移苗时将育苗容器去掉,按株行距0.8m×0.8m的规格带土移栽,移栽后浇足定根水;(12) Transplanting in the field: In early July, planting in new rows is implemented, and the planting rows in summer and spring are staggered; choose cloudy days for transplanting, remove the seedling container when transplanting seedlings, and move with soil according to the specifications of the plant-row spacing of 0.8m×0.8m Planting, after transplanting, water enough root-fixing water; (13)水肥管理:根据玫瑰茄的长势进行水肥管理,旺长期及时补充水分至田间土壤相对持水量达70-80%,若遇暴雨积水,及时排水;苗返青后追施三元复合肥15-15-15,施用量为10-20kg;(13) Water and fertilizer management: Water and fertilizer management should be carried out according to the growth of the roselle, and the water should be replenished in a timely manner until the relative water holding capacity of the field soil reaches 70-80%. 15-15-15, the application amount is 10-20kg; (14)主要病虫害防治:玫瑰茄生长过程中主要病害为白绢病和立枯病,白绢病采用质量含量50%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂800-1000倍液或质量含量80%的代森锰锌可湿性粉剂1000-1500倍液灌根;立枯病采用质量含量99%的恶霉灵兑水3000倍灌根,每株200-400ml,每7天一次,连续3次;(14) Prevention and control of main diseases and insect pests: The main diseases in the growth process of roselle are white silk disease and bacterial blight. For white silk disease, 800-1000 times of carbendazim WP with a mass content of 50% or a substitute with a mass content of 80% is used. Mancozeb wettable powder 1000-1500 times of liquid to irrigate the roots; for the root blight, 99% hamamidil and 3000 times of water are used to irrigate the roots, 200-400ml per plant, once every 7 days, 3 times in a row; (15)采摘与贮藏:10月上旬开始分批采摘鲜果和鲜萼片;鲜果剪收后及时脱核,并将果核和萼片分开晾晒。(15) Picking and storage: Start picking fresh fruits and fresh sepals in batches in the first ten days of October; cut off the pits in time after harvesting, and separate the pits and sepals for drying. 2.根据权利要求1所述的栽培方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)和(9)中,采用质量含量为99%的恶霉灵消毒营养土,且每1g恶霉灵与15kg营养土进行拌土消毒。2. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1) and (9), adopt mass content to be 99% oxamixil disinfection nutrient soil, and every 1g oxamixil and 15kg nutrient soil Disinfect the soil. 3.根据权利要求1所述的栽培方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)和(11)中,每亩地施基肥400-420kg,所述基肥由三元复合肥15-15-15和有机肥按重量比1:20混合而成。3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in steps (3) and (11), 400-420kg of base fertilizer is applied per mu of land, and the base fertilizer is composed of ternary compound fertilizer 15-15-15 and organic The fertilizer is mixed in a weight ratio of 1:20. 4.根据权利要求1所述的栽培方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,每亩用质量含量为15%的恶霉灵水剂250-800ml兑水喷施整块种植田进行土壤消毒。4. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), every mu with mass content is 15% of 15% oxamid aqua 250-800ml is mixed with water to spray the whole planting field to carry out soil disinfection . 5.根据权利要求1所述的栽培方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,移栽时室外温度稳定在15-20℃。5 . The cultivation method according to claim 1 , wherein in step (4), the outdoor temperature is stabilized at 15-20° C. during transplanting. 6 . 6.根据权利要求1所述的栽培方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,下午18:30覆盖黑色薄膜,第二天上午7:30揭开黑色薄膜。6 . The cultivation method according to claim 1 , wherein in step (5), the black film is covered at 18:30 in the afternoon, and the black film is uncovered at 7:30 in the morning the next day. 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的栽培方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中,玫瑰茄现蕾后追施钾肥5kg/亩。7 . The cultivation method according to claim 1 , wherein in step (6), 5kg/mu of potassium fertilizer is topdressed after roselle buds. 8 . 8.根据权利要求1所述的栽培方法,其特征在于,步骤(10)中,玫瑰茄于9月上旬开始开花,开花后30d开始采摘鲜萼片。The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (10), roselle begins to bloom in early September, and fresh sepals are picked 30d after blooming.
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