CN110622771A - Planting method of citrus aurantium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a planting method of citrus aurantium, which comprises the following steps: 1) site arrangement: selecting a plot with soil rich in humus, loose and fertile and smooth drainage as a planting field; 2) planting treatment: in 3-5 months every year, collecting 1-2 year-old filled branches, and inserting the branches into a planting field; 3) and (3) management in a growing period: regularly pruning branches and applying long-acting base fertilizer; 4) and (3) disease and pest control: lime slurry is evenly coated on the trunk part, and the pinine mixture and the carbendazim can be sprayed in winter; 5) harvesting in due time: when the flowers and fruits are more, properly thinning the flowers and fruits; according to the method, the growth rule of the lime is followed, field selection, planting treatment, fertilizer and water management and trimming pruning are carried out regularly, fertilizer supply during planting is controlled to ensure nutrition, branches are thick and healthy after the lime tree is mature, and appropriate measures are taken in flowering and young fruit periods to ensure the yield of the lime, so that the aims of improving the yield and quality of the lime are fulfilled; it is widely suitable for plantation and matching use of lime.

Description

Planting method of citrus aurantium

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fruit tree planting technology, in particular to a method for planting citrus aurantium.

Background

The citrus aurantium belongs to evergreen small trees in Rutaceae, is a variety of citrus aurantium, has the plant height of over 5 meters, green calyx, milky white petals and strong fragrance, has the flowering period of 5-6 months, large fruits with the diameter of about 6-8 centimeters, is round to oblate spheres, has nodular protrusions on the surface, rough skin, dark green at the initial stage, is yellow in autumn, is ripe and does not fall off, and is turned back to green in spring and summer in the next year, if the fruits are maintained, old fruits can survive to 3-4 years, new fruits grow in successive years, and the fruits belong to the same plant, so the citrus aurantium is named as a generation and good luck.

The flowers and fruits of citrus aurantium have various edible and medicinal values, for example, citrus aurantium has sweet and slightly bitter taste, is mainly used for treating stuffiness and stuffiness in chest, abdominal pain and vomiting and poor appetite, clearing blood, promoting blood circulation, soothing liver, harmonizing stomach and regulating qi, and is suitable for people who are obese due to disorder of spleen and stomach; the fructus aurantii immaturus is one of the common traditional Chinese medicinal materials, has the effects of regulating qi, relieving epigastric distention, activating stagnancy and relieving distension, is used for treating qi stagnation in chest and hypochondrium, fullness and pain, indigestion, phlegm and fluid retention, gastroptosis, rectocele, uterine prolapse and other symptoms, and has high medical value; the concentrated juice can be used as raw material in food and pharmaceutical industry, and can be used for preparing beverage, can, confection, and sweet jam, or used for extracting aromatic oil, pectin, and jelly from pericarpium Citri Junoris; therefore, the production of the citrus aurantium has great market potential, and the invention aims to improve the yield of the navel oranges and ensure that the quality of the produced navel oranges meets the market requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above situation, the present invention aims to provide a method for planting citrus aurantium, which manages the growth of citrus aurantium in different stages by following the growth rule of citrus aurantium, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the yield and quality of citrus aurantium, and has the advantages of simple overall process, low cost, wide market prospect, and convenient popularization and use.

In order to achieve the purpose, the method for planting the citrus aurantium comprises the following steps:

1) site arrangement: selecting a sandy subacid land block which is rich in humus, loose and fertile in soil and smooth in drainage as a base layer of a planting field, and paving a surface layer formed by mixing plain sandy soil, turfy soil, pine needle soil, leaf mold soil and carbonized rice hulls on the base layer;

2) planting treatment: in 3-5 months every year, collecting 1-2 year-old filled branches, cutting the branches into a section with the length of 20 cm, keeping leafstalks, inserting the leaves into a planting field, cutting the branches to the depth of about 8 cm, thinning the leaves after the cutting, covering films for moisture preservation and heat preservation, rooting the branches after 40-50 days at the matrix temperature of 24 ℃, and planting the branches after two months;

3) and (3) management in a growing period: removing weeds around the roots of the trees, regularly trimming redundant branches to enable nutrients to be supplied to bearing branches in a centralized manner, regularly dressing a proper amount of long-acting base fertilizer on young trees, loosening soil along the roots in early spring every year, keeping the humidity of soil in a planting field between 55% and 65%, replenishing water in time when the weather is dry, and draining water in time when the rainfall is sufficient;

4) and (3) disease and pest control: lime slurry is evenly coated on the trunk part, and the mixture of the pine alkali and the carbendazim can be sprayed in winter and can be sprayed by 90 percent 1000 times liquid of trichlorphon;

5) harvesting in due time: when the flowers and fruits are too numerous, the flowers and fruits should be properly thinned so as to improve the fruit setting rate and the fruit quality, generally 1-2 fruits are left on one big branch, and at most 3-5 fruits are selected from each plant of the small plants, so that the fruits are large, and the growth of the plants in the next year is facilitated.

In order to realize the optimization of the process and the effect, the further measures are as follows: the thickness of the surface layer in the step 1) is 2-3 cm.

The distance between the planted plants in the step 2) is 1.4 meters multiplied by 1.4 meters.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: by following the growth rule of the lime in combination with field selection, planting treatment, regular implementation of fertilizer and water management, trimming and pruning, fertilizer supply during planting is controlled to ensure nutrition, branches are strong and healthy after the lime trees are mature, and appropriate measures are taken in flowering and young fruit periods to ensure the yield of the lime, so that the aim of improving the yield and quality of the lime is fulfilled.

The method is widely suitable for being matched with navel orange planting.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: a method for planting citrus aurantium comprises the following steps:

1) site arrangement: selecting a sandy subacid land with rich humus, loose fertile soil and smooth drainage as a base layer of a planting field, and laying a surface layer formed by mixing plain sand soil, turfy soil, pine needle soil, leaf mold soil and carbonized rice hulls on the base layer, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is generally 2-3 cm, so that the quick growth of citrus aurantium seedlings is facilitated;

2) planting treatment: in 3-5 months every year, collecting 1-2 year-old filled branches, cutting the branches into 20 cm long sections, keeping leaf stalks, inserting the leaves into a planting field, cutting the branches to a depth of about 8 cm, thinning the leaves after cutting, covering films for moisture preservation and heat preservation, rooting the branches after 40-50 days at a substrate temperature of 24 ℃, and performing separate planting after two months, wherein the control distance of the plant in the separate planting is generally 1.4 m multiplied by 1.4 m, which is beneficial to ventilation and sunlight irradiation and growth promotion;

3) and (3) management in a growing period: removing weeds around the roots of the trees, regularly trimming redundant branches to enable nutrients to be supplied to bearing branches in a centralized manner, regularly dressing a proper amount of long-acting base fertilizer on young trees, loosening soil along the roots in early spring every year, keeping the humidity of soil in a planting field between 55% and 65%, replenishing water in time when the weather is dry, and draining water in time when the rainfall is sufficient;

4) and (3) disease and pest control: lime slurry is evenly coated on the trunk part, and the mixture of the pine alkali and the carbendazim can be sprayed in winter and can be sprayed by 90 percent 1000 times liquid of trichlorphon;

5) harvesting in due time: when the plants bloom and have more fruits, flower thinning and fruit thinning are carried out properly to improve the fruit setting rate and the fruit quality, bitter orange picking baits can be dried in the sun to be used for making weight-reducing tea and the like, 1-2 fruits are generally remained on big branches in real time when the sour orange is picked, and at most 3-5 fruits are remained on each plant of the small plants, so that the fruits are large, and the growth of the plants in the next year is facilitated.

According to investigation, the demand of the orange-orange in 2015 in the world reaches 1000 tons, the market value of compound products and terminal products is more than 100 hundred million, the actual production capacity is only 237 tons, and the market scale gap is large; the planting method of citrus aurantium disclosed by the invention is widely popularized in the Lianyuan market, and the citrus aurantium planted for 300 mu is abundant in 2018, and the yield of the citrus aurantium is more than 40 kg per mu, the yield is more than 4000 yuan, the yield of the citrus aurantium is 2000 kg per mu, the yield is more than 8000 yuan, the total yield of the citrus aurantium is more than 12000 yuan per mu, and the total yield of the citrus aurantium is more than 360 ten thousand yuan per 300 mu, wherein branches can be cut or grafted, so that the problem of redundant personnel employment in rural areas is solved, and the situation that the busy farming is off and the branches are full of life can be helped.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and equivalent substitutions or changes according to the technical solution and the concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for planting citrus aurantium, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) site arrangement: selecting a sandy subacid land block which is rich in humus, loose and fertile in soil and smooth in drainage as a base layer of a planting field, and paving a surface layer formed by mixing plain sandy soil, turfy soil, pine needle soil, leaf mold soil and carbonized rice hulls on the base layer;

2) planting treatment: in 3-5 months every year, collecting 1-2 year-old filled branches, cutting the branches into a section with the length of 20 cm, keeping leafstalks, inserting the leaves into a planting field, cutting the branches to the depth of about 8 cm, thinning the leaves after the cutting, covering films for moisture preservation and heat preservation, rooting the branches after 40-50 days at the matrix temperature of 24 ℃, and planting the branches after two months;

3) and (3) management in a growing period: removing weeds around the roots of the trees, regularly trimming redundant branches to enable nutrients to be supplied to bearing branches in a centralized manner, regularly dressing a proper amount of long-acting base fertilizer on young trees, loosening soil along the roots in early spring every year, keeping the humidity of soil in a planting field between 55% and 65%, replenishing water in time when the weather is dry, and draining water in time when the rainfall is sufficient;

4) and (3) disease and pest control: lime slurry is evenly coated on the trunk part, and the mixture of the pine alkali and the carbendazim can be sprayed in winter and can be sprayed by 90 percent 1000 times liquid of trichlorphon;

5) harvesting in due time: when the flowers and fruits are too numerous, the flowers and fruits should be properly thinned so as to improve the fruit setting rate and the fruit quality, generally 1-2 fruits are left on one big branch, and at most 3-5 fruits are selected from each plant of the small plants, so that the fruits are large, and the growth of the plants in the next year is facilitated.

2. The planting method of citrus aurantium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the surface layer in step 1) is 2-3 cm.

3. The method for planting citrus aurantium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the plants planted in step 2) is 1.4 m x 1.4 m.