CN102919061A - Mango grafting method using green braches with leaves - Google Patents
Mango grafting method using green braches with leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN102919061A CN102919061A CN2012104746619A CN201210474661A CN102919061A CN 102919061 A CN102919061 A CN 102919061A CN 2012104746619 A CN2012104746619 A CN 2012104746619A CN 201210474661 A CN201210474661 A CN 201210474661A CN 102919061 A CN102919061 A CN 102919061A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mango grafting method using green braches with leaves. The method comprises the following steps: preparing semiligneous green braches with leaves as scions; cutting the scions, soaking and wetting the cut scions with clear water for 2 hours at most, taking the scions out of the clear water and grafting the soaked scions on root stocks, and then binding grafting cuts in an alternate unenclosed manner with discharge outlets reserved; and cultivating the grafted seedlings in a plastic thin film heat-insulation and moisture-preservation tunnel under a sun shelter. According to the invention, the grafting method using green braches with leaves is adopted; the scions used in the method are low in degree of lignifications, the histocyte is active, callus is formed very quickly; moreover, the reserved leaves can conduct photosynthesis to produce nutrient substances to support the regrowth of the grafting cuts; the grafting survival rate is higher than 98%; in addition, if only semiligneous green braches are available, the grafting method can be implemented all the year round regardless of the seedling age of the root stocks; therefore, the problem that the survival rate of the traditional stiff branch grafting method is low is solved, the grafting survival rate is improved, the seedling cultivation cycle is shortened, the seedling cultivation cost is lowered, the grafting survival rate is free from the influence of seasons and the thickness of the root stocks. The mango grafting method using green braches with leaves is applicable to large-scale industrial seedling cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural sciences, the green branch band of especially a kind of mango leaf grafting method.
Background technology
Mango (Mangifera indicaLinn) belongs to Anacardiaceae (Rhoideae Engl), Mangifera (Mangifera Linn), and the perennial evergreen standard fruit-tree originates in India and Malaysia.The mango color is all good, and is nutritious, is described as " king of tropical fruit (tree) ".It is very wide that mango distributes, and the world has more than 70 country to produce mango, wherein the states such as 90% India that concentrates on the Asia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma, the inferior West Asia of horse; East and the western part in Africa, Tanzania, Zaire, the Brazil in America, Mexico, all there is cultivation the Florida State of the U.S. and Hawaii etc.; Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and the south Fujian of China, there are the mango plantation in Yun Nandong, west, southern section.Guizhou Province's (hotwork institute in former Guizhou Province once introduced a fine variety in the Wangmo County stone mountain and relies in 1963), 1991 (existing Guizhou Subtropical Crop Institute) again from South Asia in one's power the Guangxi hotwork introduce the kinds such as pale reddish brown awns, ivory 22 and observe, its adaptability, resistance, yielding ability, quality performance are better.The field planting of mango seedling need 6～8 years can the result, grafting bore fruit in 2～3 years, bore fruit ahead of time 4～5 years, stiff wood grafting, injured rear news speed outflow colloid resin forms separation layer between the anvil fringe, be the lower fruit tree of putative graft survival rate.The green branch band of mango leaf graft seedling growth is to transplant seedlings with the husky sowing in bed kind of seed Seedling Stage to plant nutrition cultivation rootstock seedling, adopt a vegetative innovative technology of breeding nursery stock of semi-lignified green branch grafting, but it has, and graft survival rate is high, seedling growth is fast, nursery stage is short, recruitment province, reproduction coefficient are high, the Zhou Nianjun grafting, is suitable for the advantages such as the large-scale industrialized application of growing seedlings.Guizhou is mango development newly developed area, nursery stock extremely lacks in grafting, breed in order to accelerate the mango grafting, satisfy its industry development needs, the inventor carried out the mango Introduction Observation since 1991, Experiment on graft reproduction, through the research over more than 20 years, stiff wood grafting is grown seedlings, and the stock cultivation time is not less than 12 months, and cultivating out the garden from stock needs more than 20 months, general graft survival rate 50～60%, be up to 80%, and stock, scion and grafting time require very strict, and graft survival rate is subjected to the stock rugosity, the scion maturity, grafting season, the impact of grafting method, cause seedling cost high, the orchard worker is difficult to accept.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: the green branch band of a kind of mango leaf grafting method is provided, and it requires little to the used stock of grafting, scion and grafting time, and graft survival rate is high, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
The present invention is achieved in that the green branch band of mango leaf grafting method, select the green branch of band leaf of semi-lignified as scion, after scion cut, in clear water, soak first moisturizing, immersion is no more than 2 hours, with the grafting of stock phase, the compartment that the grafting mouth adopt to reserve is arranged the bleeding mouth did not seal colligation after the scion of soaking taken out from clear water; Survive in the plastic film heat and moisture preserving shed of nursery stock after the grafting under cool canopy.
Scion is with 1/2 leaf with green branch, the stock mango yongyangmo of normal growth, and its seedling age is not limit, and adopts the grafting of cut-grafting method.
The collection of scion is, selects young and middle-aged stable high yield tree to do elite stand, the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown to give birth to then the green branch of semi-lignified, branch footpath be 0.5～0.8cm, blade is complete, growths is substantial, the branch that faces south of healthy and strong, anosis worm.
When needing to preserve scion, adopt plastic bag sealing to spread shady and cool locating scion, take out it ventilative and put into cooling water and soak cooling 4～5 minutes every day, puts into the sealed plastic bag moisturizing behind the drying water again; Remote timing, sooner or later or the shady and cool time adopt fringe, every 2O bar one is bundled in base portion and tightens, and with wet cotton wrapping base portion, makes pack into plastic sack or have in the bucket, frame of moisturizing condition of base portion down, spray water moistening and cover the wet towel moisturizing in the blade face.
When cutting scion, from the branch base portion, make progress successively, every leaf keeps 1/2 leaf-cutting, then scion is held between left hand thumb and the forefinger, and one side is close on the forefinger tip, and the cutter of splaying at distance bastem section 5～6cm place, inclined-plane become 45 degree; The scion of overturning again is flat cuts a cutter, deeply reaches xylem, and O.8cm the long 3～3.5cm of bevel locates oblique partial application at last above the bud point, cut off scion, the short fringe of a fringe one bud 1/2 leaf; The scion of cutting is immersed in the clear water stand-by, and soak time is no more than 2 hours.
When cutting stock, stock is transported on the grafting workbench, high 10～15cm wipes out the top from stock, clip scabbles with scraper, again from vertical partial application, incidentally xylem between xylem and the cortex, incision length 2.5～3cm, and be shorter than scion bevel length 0.5cm.
When inserting scion, will cut first scion for subsequent use and from water, take out, the moisture that band adheres to, long bevel inserts the stock otch, forms layer alignment towards the stock xylem, in anvil fringe thickness not for the moment, adopts the mode of one side alignment.
Described compartment does not seal colligation and refers to, binding strap with wide 0.6～0.8cm, long 15～20cm, left hand thumb and forefinger pinch stock and scion, the right hand is taken from bottom to up curl of binding strap, lower circle binding strap and the upper circle binding strap 0.5cm of being separated by forms the compartment colligation of the row's of reservation bleeding mouth.The injured rear generation colloid bleeding of scion stock, after soaking, the scion that cutting is good can dilute bleeding colloid resin in clear water, the water that adheres in the scion during grafting fringe flows downstream into the stock grafting mouth, stock grafting mouth bleeding colloid resin is also diluted, use the compartment colligation, bleeding colloid resin after the dilution flows out voluntarily from wound, and ponding not in the grafting mouth can Effective Raise bleeding fruit-tree grafting survival rate.
When the nursery stock that grafting is good moves in the canopy, get first long 200cm, the bamboo chip of wide 3cm, interval 50cm a slice curves arch and strides two in insertion seedbed, bed surface two ends, covers wide 200cm, thick 0.6mm, the plastic film of long 1200cm; Standby row nursery stock after the grafting in time moves into the plastic film canopy, nursery stock moves into neat discharging in the film canopy, row's seedling will make between scion leaf and the film and not contact, avoid the film blade of burning to affect graft survival rate, to enclose flat nutritious bag suitable for reading with getting earth around the seedbed behind row's seedling, tamp the hole between the nutritious bag, build at last the film shed, use the soil compaction sealing, moisturizing around the film.
High temperature and drought easily causes nursery stock to burn, and should increase covering and reduce light transmittance.Continuously overcast and rainy, subterranean water level rises, and timely ditch cleaning to get rid of the ditch internal water accumulation, strengthens light transmittance, also film shed two short time can be opened ventilatedly, reduces humidity in the canopy.Microcirculation is to finish in the plastic film shed after the whole grafting, and it is little that the temperature high humility changes, and scion and not dehydration of blade can be carried out photosynthesis, and the grafting mouth fast survival rate that heals is high.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, compared with prior art, the present invention adopts green branch with the mode of leaf grafting, the scion degree of lignification of this mode is low, histocyte is active, the formation callus is fast, the blade that keeps can carry out photosynthesis and make the healing of nutriment supply grafting mouth, the scion that cutting is good is dipped in dilution bleeding colloid resin in the clear water, and the water that adheres in the scion during grafting fringe flows downstream into the stock grafting mouth, and stock grafting mouth bleeding colloid resin is also diluted, the blow-by of colligation grafting mouth, bleeding colloid resin after the dilution flows away voluntarily with water, so improve 40-50% than stiff wood grafting survival rate, graft survival rate is up to more than 98%.No matter the present invention's stock seedling age is big or small, as long as the green branch of half lignify is arranged, but throughout the year all graftings, effectively solved the low difficult problem of traditional stiff wood grafting survival rate, improved grafting survival rate, shortened nursery stage, reduced seedling cost, make the survival rate of grafting not affected by season and stock rugosity, as long as the green branch of semi-lignified is arranged, but the Zhou Nianjun grafting is applicable to large-scale industrialized growing seedlings.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention: the green branch band of mango leaf grafting method, select young and middle-aged stable high yield tree to do elite stand, the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown to give birth to then the green branch of semi-lignified, branch footpath be 0.5～0.8cm, blade is complete, growths is substantial, the branch that faces south of healthy and strong, anosis worm is as scion, green that scion is used upward with 1/2 leaf; The stock mango yongyangmo of normal growth, its seedling age is not limit; First scion is cut, from the branch base portion, make progress successively, every leaf keeps 1/2 leaf-cutting, then scion is held between left hand thumb and the forefinger, and one side is close on the forefinger tip, and the cutter of splaying at distance bastem section 5～6cm place, inclined-plane become 45 degree; The scion of overturning again is flat cuts a cutter, deeply reaches xylem, and O.8cm the long 3～3.5cm of bevel locates oblique partial application at last above the bud point, cut off scion, the short fringe of a fringe one bud 1/2 leaf; The scion of cutting is immersed in the clear water stand-by, and soak time is no more than 2 hours; Then stock is cut, stock is transported on the grafting workbench, high 10～15cm wipes out the top from stock, clip scabbles with scraper, again from vertical partial application, incidentally xylem between xylem and the cortex, incision length 2.5～3cm, and be shorter than scion bevel length 0.5cm; After having cut stock, scion is taken out from clear water, adopt the cut-grafting method to carry out grafting itself and stock, the moisture that band adheres in the scion, the long bevel of scion inserts the stock otch towards the stock xylem, form layer alignment (if in anvil fringe thickness not for the moment, adopt the mode of one side alignment), the grafting mouth adopts the compartment of the row's of reservation bleeding mouth not seal colligation, specifically use wide 0.6～0.8cm, the binding strap of long 15～20cm, left hand thumb and forefinger pinch stock and scion, the right hand is taken from bottom to up curl of binding strap, and lower circle binding strap and the upper circle binding strap 0.5cm of being separated by forms the compartment colligation of the row's of reservation bleeding mouth; Survive in the plastic film heat and moisture preserving shed of nursery stock after the grafting under cool canopy; When the nursery stock that grafting is good moves in the canopy again, get first long 200cm, the bamboo chip of wide 3cm, interval 50cm a slice curves arch and strides two in insertion seedbed, bed surface two ends, covers wide 200cm, thick 0.6mm, the plastic film of long 1200cm; Standby row nursery stock after the grafting in time moves into the plastic film canopy, nursery stock moves into neat discharging in the film canopy, row's seedling will make between scion leaf and the film and not contact, avoid the film blade of burning to affect graft survival rate, to enclose flat nutritious bag suitable for reading with getting earth around the seedbed behind row's seedling, tamp the hole between the nutritious bag, build at last the film shed, use the soil compaction sealing, moisturizing around the film.High temperature and drought easily causes nursery stock to burn, and should increase covering and reduce light transmittance.Continuously overcast and rainy, subterranean water level rises, and timely ditch cleaning to get rid of the ditch internal water accumulation, strengthens light transmittance, also film shed two short time can be opened ventilatedly, reduces humidity in the canopy.Microcirculation is to finish in the plastic film shed after the whole grafting, and it is little that the temperature high humility changes, and scion and not dehydration of blade can be carried out photosynthesis, and the grafting mouth fast survival rate that heals is high; When needing to preserve scion, adopt plastic bag sealing to spread shady and cool locating scion, take out it ventilative and put into cooling water and soak cooling 4～5 minutes every day, puts into the sealed plastic bag moisturizing behind the drying water again; Remote timing, sooner or later or the shady and cool time adopt fringe, every 2O bar one is bundled in base portion and tightens, and with wet cotton wrapping base portion, makes pack into plastic sack or have in the bucket, frame of moisturizing condition of base portion down, spray water moistening and cover the wet towel moisturizing in the blade face.
Claims (9)
1. the green branch of mango is with the leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: select the green branch of band leaf of semi-lignified as scion, after scion cut, in clear water, soak first moisturizing, immersion is no more than 2 hours, with the grafting of stock phase, the compartment that the grafting mouth adopt to reserve is arranged the bleeding mouth did not seal colligation after the scion of soaking taken out from clear water; Survive in the plastic film heat and moisture preserving shed of nursery stock after the grafting under cool canopy.
2. the green branch of mango according to claim 1 is with the leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: scion is with 1/2 leaf with green branch, the stock mango yongyangmo of normal growth, and its seedling age is not limit, and adopts the grafting of cut-grafting method.
3. the green branch of mango according to claim 1 is with the leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: the collection of scion is, select young and middle-aged stable high yield tree to do elite stand, the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown to give birth to then the green branch of semi-lignified, branch footpath be 0.5～0.8cm, blade is complete, growths is substantial, the branch that faces south of healthy and strong, anosis worm.
4. the green branch of mango according to claim 1 is with the leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: when needs are preserved scion, adopt plastic bag sealing to spread shady and cool locating scion, take out it ventilative and put into cooling water and soak cooling 4～5 minutes every day, puts into the sealed plastic bag moisturizing behind the drying water again; Remote timing, sooner or later or the shady and cool time adopt fringe, every 2O bar one is bundled in base portion and tightens, and with wet cotton wrapping base portion, makes pack into plastic sack or have in the bucket, frame of moisturizing condition of base portion down, spray water moistening and cover the wet towel moisturizing in the blade face.
5. the green branch of mango according to claim 1 is with the leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: when cutting scion, from the branch base portion, make progress successively, every leaf keeps 1/2 leaf-cutting, then scion is held between left hand thumb and the forefinger, and one side is close on the forefinger tip, the cutter of splaying at distance bastem section 5～6cm place, inclined-plane become 45 degree; The scion of overturning again is flat cuts a cutter, deeply reaches xylem, and O.8cm the long 3～3.5cm of bevel locates oblique partial application at last above the bud point, cut off scion, the short fringe of a fringe one bud 1/2 leaf; The scion of cutting is immersed in the clear water stand-by, and soak time is no more than 2 hours.
6. the green branch of mango according to claim 1 is with the leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: when cutting stock, stock is transported on the grafting workbench, high 10～15cm wipes out the top from stock, clip scabbles with scraper, again from vertical partial application, incidentally xylem between xylem and the cortex, incision length 2.5～3cm, and be shorter than scion bevel length 0.5cm.
7. the green branch of mango according to claim 1 is with the leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: when inserting scion, to cut first scion for subsequent use takes out from water, the moisture that band adheres to, long bevel inserts the stock otch, forms layer alignment towards the stock xylem, in anvil fringe thickness not for the moment, adopt the mode of one side alignment.
8. the green branch of mango according to claim 1 is with the leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: described compartment does not seal colligation and refers to, binding strap with wide 0.6～0.8cm, long 15～20cm, left hand thumb and forefinger pinch stock and scion, the right hand is taken from bottom to up curl of binding strap, lower circle binding strap and the upper circle binding strap 0.5cm of being separated by forms the compartment colligation of the row's of reservation bleeding mouth.
9. the green branch of mango according to claim 1 is with the leaf grafting method, it is characterized in that: when the nursery stock that grafting is good moves in the canopy, get first long 200cm, the bamboo chip of wide 3cm, interval 50cm a slice curves arch and strides two in insertion seedbed, bed surface two ends, covers wide 200cm, thick 0.6mm, the plastic film of long 1200cm; Standby row nursery stock after the grafting in time moves into the plastic film canopy, nursery stock moves into neat discharging in the film canopy, row's seedling will make between scion leaf and the film and not contact, avoid the film blade of burning to affect graft survival rate, to enclose flat nutritious bag suitable for reading with getting earth around the seedbed behind row's seedling, tamp the hole between the nutritious bag, build at last the film shed, use the soil compaction sealing, moisturizing around the film.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103493690A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-08 | 攀枝花市鸿鹄农业开发有限责任公司 | Mango grafting cap cut-grafting method |
| CN103749161A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-04-30 | 杜林峰 | Geometric grafting method for landscaping tree |
| CN104396676A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating big almond landscape tree |
| CN104521485A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-22 | 施建中 | New Ascendens mucronatum rejuvenation and strain renovation method |
| CN104982238A (en) * | 2015-07-18 | 2015-10-21 | 常州市鼎日环保科技有限公司 | Method for grafting plants |
| CN105594463A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-25 | 中国农业科学院柑桔研究所 | Method for grafting tender orange shoot |
| CN106797806A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-06-06 | 李志旭 | A kind of engrafting method of mango branch |
| CN108990575A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-14 | 广西田东县东辰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of propagation by grafiting method of mango |
| CN109076858A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-25 | 田东县文设芒果专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method improving mango quality |
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| CN109197328A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-15 | 广西田东泰如鲜品农副产品配送有限公司 | A kind of efficient engrafting method of mango |
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2012
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103493690A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-08 | 攀枝花市鸿鹄农业开发有限责任公司 | Mango grafting cap cut-grafting method |
| CN103493690B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-10-29 | 攀枝花市鸿鹄农业开发有限责任公司 | Mango grafting cap cut-grafting method |
| CN103749161A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-04-30 | 杜林峰 | Geometric grafting method for landscaping tree |
| CN103749161B (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2016-01-20 | 杜林峰 | A kind of geometry grafting method of ornamental and afforestation trees |
| CN104521485A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-22 | 施建中 | New Ascendens mucronatum rejuvenation and strain renovation method |
| CN104396676A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating big almond landscape tree |
| CN104982238A (en) * | 2015-07-18 | 2015-10-21 | 常州市鼎日环保科技有限公司 | Method for grafting plants |
| CN105594463A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-25 | 中国农业科学院柑桔研究所 | Method for grafting tender orange shoot |
| CN105594463B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2019-04-23 | 中国农业科学院柑桔研究所 | A kind of citrus Grafting of buds method |
| CN106797806A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-06-06 | 李志旭 | A kind of engrafting method of mango branch |
| CN109076858A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-25 | 田东县文设芒果专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method improving mango quality |
| CN108990575A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-14 | 广西田东县东辰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of propagation by grafiting method of mango |
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