CN105052567B - A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN105052567B CN105052567B CN201510514888.5A CN201510514888A CN105052567B CN 105052567 B CN105052567 B CN 105052567B CN 201510514888 A CN201510514888 A CN 201510514888A CN 105052567 B CN105052567 B CN 105052567B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency, relate to high quality tree species and breed field, mode initially with seeding and seedling raising cultivates Catalpa ovata Don. graft stock, annual Catalpa ovata Don. stock band xylem bud grafting method is utilized to carry out Chinese catalpa grafting, after grafting, remaining Catalpa ovata Don. stock carries out epicormic branch cuttage, cultivate graft stock, just Chinese catalpa bud grafting stock is can be used as in June next year, cultivate stock than conventional seed planting nursery and shortened for 1 annual period, the Catalpa ovata Don. stem section that the method for cutting propagation Catalpa ovata Don. stock is wiped out when taking full advantage of grafting simultaneously, the waste avoiding resource reduces seedling cost simultaneously, improve breeding efficiency, capable of circulation it is applied to later Chinese catalpa grafting and breeding, achieve the quickly breeding of stock and efficiently utilize, substantially increase Chinese catalpa propagation by grafiting efficiency, growing-seedling period is short, survival rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high quality tree species and breed field, a kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency.
Background technology
Chinese catalpa (Catalpa bungei C.A.Meyer.) is Bignoniaceae, Catalpa, at China's cultivation history of existing more than 2000 year, it is China preciousness high quality timber seeds and famous and precious ornamental plantation seeds, has been put into country's timber strategic reserves seeds catalogue.Due to autophilous incompatibility, Chinese catalpa often blooms shaky；Even if different clones companion planting is together, can be solid through insect pollination, but solid seldom percentage of seedgermination is the lowest, and Seedling propagation is the most difficult.The difficult seeds that take root of Chinese catalpa, cottage propagation survival rate is low, and existing relevant cuttage technique is because of operation requirement height, or needs facility condition, or time-consuming cost is high, is difficult to popularization and application in actual production.Though burying root propagation to be easier, but bury root propagation because of its propagating materials relatively fewer, objectively constrain the scale bred.Although tissue culture's reproduction speed is fast, but the appointed condition needed puts into greatly, technology requirement is high, production cost is high.Produce upper main employing Catalpa ovata Don. seedling at present and carry out propagation by grafiting to cultivate Chinese catalpa breeding nursery stock as stock, but grafting first has to cultivate stock, in producing at present, stock cultivates many employing Catalpa ovata Don. Mode of sowing and seedling propagations, but the most at least need within 2 years, can be only achieved rugosity needed for graft stock, there is the shortcoming that stock cultivates production cycle length.Applicant had once applied for patent of invention " a kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft stock reproductive efficiency " (number of patent application 201510258515.6) on the basis of previous research work, constantly tests postmenstruation and propagation by grafiting method efficient to Chinese catalpa is improved.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the invention provides a kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency, shorten the cultivation period of Catalpa ovata Don. stock further, improve the utilization ratio of the whole seedlings of stock simultaneously, significant to the reproductive efficiency of the production cost and raising stock of saving Chinese catalpa graft stock.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency, is achieved by the steps of:
nullSeeding and seedling raising、Cultivate stock: JIUYUE gathers ripe Catalpa ovata Don. seed，Promptly gathered before capsule ftractures，The Catalpa ovata Don. seed dry in the sun 5～7d that will gather，Peeling，Then by seed with 50-70 DEG C of water seed soaking 20-24 h，Mix with the damp sand of 2-4 times after pulling out and mix thoroughly，Accelerating germination is carried out in being stacked at Small plastic shed，Can sow when seed has 30%～40% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally，Use in some broadcast mode Light media non-woven container in Small plastic shed and sow，Spray water the most immediately，Note during water spray preventing seed exposed，Catalpa ovata Don. height of seedling 10～15cm can carry out thinning，Every container retained for 1 strain strong sprout，When Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock blade is fully deployed，Foliage application is carried out once every the dusks of seven days，Fertilizer is mainly chemical fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate or compound fertilizer，Light media non-woven container is moved into land for growing field crops by the 2nd year spring，Strengthen water and fertilizer management，When height of seedling reaches more than 1m，Periodically extract terminal bud，To promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth；
2) Chinese catalpa grafting: in mid or late June to early July, band xylem bud grafting method is used to carry out Chinese catalpa grafting on Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock, after grafting 7～15d, during mouth Callus formation to be grafted, stump at Catalpa ovata Don. grafting part upwards 3～5cm, removing grafting tied rope, bud grafting Chinese catalpa starts sprout growth simultaneously；
3) epicormic branch cuttage: the Catalpa ovata Don. top stem after stump and blade are sprayed water immediately, cut the section of being cut in the cool the same day and carry out epicormic branch cuttage, the stem segment length cut is 12～15cm, top retains the 1/3 of blade, lower section bevel, angle distance petiole under 2～3cm, by the stem section that cuts according to degree of lignification classification, every 20～50 strain a bundles are put into and are soaked 15～20 min in the ABT1 root-inducing powder of 500ppm, cuttage in Light media non-woven container after pulling out, before cuttage, substrate carbendazim is sterilized, cutting enters the substrate degree of depth 2～4cm, ensure that cutting does not falls, every 10～20min spraying 5～10s after cuttage, the Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock Second Year of cuttage can be used as the stock of bud grafting Chinese catalpa mid-June.
The substrate used in Light media non-woven container in described step 1) is turfy soil, step 2) in the substrate that uses in Light media non-woven container be volume ratio be perlite and the turfy soil of 2:1.
Each Light media non-woven container sowing 4-8 grain in step 1), after planting covers the turfy soil of 0.5-1cm, is advisable loseing seed.
Step 1) after planting builds Small plastic shed above Light media non-woven container heat.
The ground with Intelligent Greenhouse can carry out Light media non-woven container seeding and seedling raising after the Spring Festival, seed and seedling management mode is identical, focuses on disease prevention and control simultaneously, after heating up spring, container seedling is moved into land for growing field crops, when increasing water and fertilizer management height of seedling reaches more than 1m, periodically extract terminal bud, promote Collar diameter growth.
Step 2) in band xylem bud grafting step as follows: from branch select be suitable for grafting bud, slightly band xylem the most tiltedly partial application downwards at 1.0～1.5cm above bud, below bud at 0.5～1cm slightly downwards the most tiltedly partial application to the bottom of the first plande noodles, take off bud sheet as scion, at Catalpa ovata Don. stock at ground 5～10cm, cut out the otch big with bud sheet etc., scion is embedded, guaranteeing that the cambium layer of scion and stock is combined closely, then tighten with plastic strip, whole process to be carried out rapidly.
The present invention cultivates Catalpa ovata Don. graft stock initially with the mode of seeding and seedling raising, annual Catalpa ovata Don. stock band xylem bud grafting method is utilized to carry out Chinese catalpa grafting, after grafting, remaining Catalpa ovata Don. stock carries out epicormic branch cuttage, cultivate graft stock, just can be formed in June next year and be used as Chinese catalpa bud grafting stock strong sprout, cultivate stock than conventional seed planting nursery and shortened for 1 annual period, the Catalpa ovata Don. stem section that the method for cutting propagation Catalpa ovata Don. stock is wiped out when taking full advantage of grafting simultaneously, the waste avoiding resource reduces seedling cost simultaneously, improve breeding efficiency, capable of circulation it is applied to later Chinese catalpa grafting and breeding, achieve the quickly breeding of stock and efficiently utilize, substantially increase Chinese catalpa propagation by grafiting efficiency, growing-seedling period is short, survival rate is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
The method of this raising Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency, is achieved by the steps of:
1) seeding and seedling raising, cultivate stock: JIUYUE gathers ripe Catalpa ovata Don. seed, promptly gathered before capsule ftractures, the Catalpa ovata Don. seed dry in the sun 5～7d that will gather, peeling, then by seed 50-70 DEG C of water seed soaking 20～24h, mix with the damp sand of 2～4 times after pulling out and mix thoroughly, accelerating germination is carried out in being stacked at Small plastic shed, can sow when seed has 30%～40% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, use in some broadcast mode Light media non-woven container in Small plastic shed and sow, each Light media non-woven container sowing 4-8 grain, after planting cover the turfy soil of 0.5-1cm, it is advisable loseing seed.Spray water the most immediately, note during water spray preventing seed exposed.After planting above Light media non-woven container, build Small plastic shed to heat, promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth.Catalpa ovata Don. height of seedling 10～15cm can carry out thinning, every container retained for 1 strain strong sprout, when Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock blade is fully deployed, carrying out foliage application once every the dusks of seven days, fertilizer is mainly chemical fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate or compound fertilizer, and Light media non-woven container is moved into land for growing field crops by the 2nd year spring, strengthen water and fertilizer management, when height of seedling reaches more than 1m, periodically extract terminal bud, promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth.
As preferred mode, the ground with Intelligent Greenhouse can carry out Light media non-woven container seeding and seedling raising after the Spring Festival, seed and seedling management mode is identical, focus on disease prevention and control simultaneously, after heating up spring, container seedling is moved into land for growing field crops, strengthens water and fertilizer management, periodically extract terminal bud, promote Collar diameter growth.
2) Chinese catalpa grafting: in mid or late June to early July, band xylem bud grafting method is used to carry out Chinese catalpa grafting on Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock, after grafting 7～15d, during mouth Callus formation to be grafted, stump at Catalpa ovata Don. grafting part upwards 3～5cm, removing grafting tied rope, bud grafting Chinese catalpa starts sprout growth simultaneously.
As preferred mode, band xylem bud grafting step is as follows: select to be suitable for the bud of grafting from branch, slightly band xylem the most tiltedly partial application downwards at 1.0～1.5cm above bud, below bud, the most oblique partial application slightly downwards of 0.5～1cm place, to the bottom of the first plande noodles, takes off bud sheet as scion.At Catalpa ovata Don. stock at ground 5～10cm, cut out the otch big with bud sheet etc., scion is embedded, it is ensured that the cambium layer of scion and stock is combined closely, and then tightens with plastic strip, and whole process to be carried out rapidly.
3) epicormic branch cuttage: the Catalpa ovata Don. top stem after stump and blade are sprayed water immediately, cut the section of being cut in the cool the same day and carry out epicormic branch cuttage, the stem segment length cut is 12～15cm, top retains the 1/3 of blade, lower section bevel, angle distance petiole under 2～3cm, by the stem section that cuts according to degree of lignification classification, every 20～50 strain a bundles are put into and are soaked 15～20min in the ABT1 root-inducing powder of 500ppm, cuttage in Light media non-woven container after pulling out, cutting enters the substrate degree of depth 2～4cm, it is ensured that cutting does not falls.Before cuttage, the substrate carbendazim of 1000 times of liquid is sterilized, and puts up Small plastic shed after cuttage immediately, and with covered rearing with plastic film, surrounding seals, and the outer built of thin film covers the shade net of light transmittance 50%.When fine day temperature is higher, control the temperature in Small plastic shed below 38 DEG C by modes such as sunshade and canopy face water sprays.Every 10～20min spraying 5～10s in Small plastic shed, keeping water content of substrate is the 60-70% of saturation moisture content, and relative air humidity more than 95% is advisable.After most fringe bars start root of hair, progressively open film and ventilate, suitably reduce water content of substrate, be maintained at about the 40% of saturation moisture content.
As preferred mode, the substrate used in Light media non-woven container in described step 1) is turfy soil, the substrate used in Light media non-woven container in step 3) be volume ratio be perlite and the turfy soil of 2:1.Described Light media non-woven container bore 6-10cm as required.
Embodiment 1:
1) seeding and seedling raising, cultivation stock: JIUYUE gathers ripe Catalpa ovata Don. seed, promptly gathered before capsule ftractures, the Catalpa ovata Don. seed dry in the sun 5d that will gather, peeling, then by seed with 70 DEG C of water seed soaking 20h, mix with the damp sand of 4 times after pulling out and mix thoroughly, accelerating germination is carried out in being stacked at Small plastic shed, can sow when seed has 30%～40% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, point broadcast mode is used to sow in Light media non-woven container, each Light media non-woven container sows 4, after planting covers the turfy soil of 0.5cm, is advisable loseing seed.Spray water the most immediately, note during water spray preventing seed exposed.After planting above Light media non-woven container, build Small plastic shed to heat, promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth.Catalpa ovata Don. height of seedling 10cm can carry out thinning, every container retained for 1 strain strong sprout, when Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock blade is fully deployed, carrying out foliage application once every the dusks of seven days, fertilizer is mainly chemical fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate or compound fertilizer, and Light media non-woven container is moved into land for growing field crops by the 2nd year spring, strengthen water and fertilizer management, when height of seedling reaches more than 1m, periodically extract terminal bud, to promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth.
2) Chinese catalpa grafting: in mid or late June to early July, uses band xylem bud grafting method to carry out Chinese catalpa grafting, 7d after grafting on Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock, during mouth Callus formation to be grafted, stump at Catalpa ovata Don. grafting part upwards 5cm, removes grafting tied rope simultaneously, and bud grafting Chinese catalpa starts sprout growth.
Band xylem bud grafting step is as follows: select to be suitable for the bud of grafting from branch, and slightly band xylem the most tiltedly partial application downwards at 1.0cm above bud, below bud, at 1cm, slightly downward the most tiltedly partial application, to the bottom of the first plande noodles, takes off bud sheet as scion.At Catalpa ovata Don. stock at the 5cm of ground, cut out the otch big with bud sheet etc., scion is embedded, it is ensured that the cambium layer of scion and stock is combined closely, and then tightens with plastic strip, and whole process to be carried out rapidly.
3) epicormic branch cuttage: the Catalpa ovata Don. top stem after stump and blade are sprayed water immediately, cut the section of being cut in the cool the same day and carry out epicormic branch cuttage, the stem segment length cut is 15cm, and top retains the 1/3 of blade, lower section bevel, 2cm under angle distance petiole, by the stem section that cuts according to degree of lignification classification, every 50 strain a bundles are put in the ABT1 root-inducing powder of 500ppm and are soaked 15min, cuttage in Light media non-woven container after pulling out, cutting enters substrate degree of depth 4cm, it is ensured that cutting does not falls.Before cuttage, the substrate carbendazim of 1000 times of liquid is sterilized, and puts up Small plastic shed after cuttage immediately, and with covered rearing with plastic film, surrounding seals, and the outer built of thin film covers the shade net of light transmittance 50%.When fine day temperature is higher, control the temperature in Small plastic shed below 38 DEG C by modes such as sunshade and canopy face water sprays.Every 10min spraying 5s in Small plastic shed, keeping water content of substrate is the 60-70% of saturation moisture content, and relative air humidity more than 95% is advisable.After most fringe bars start root of hair, progressively open film and ventilate, suitably reduce water content of substrate, be maintained at about the 40% of saturation moisture content.
Embodiment 2:
1) seeding and seedling raising, cultivation stock: JIUYUE gathers ripe Catalpa ovata Don. seed, promptly gathered before capsule ftractures, the Catalpa ovata Don. seed dry in the sun 7d that will gather, peeling, then by seed with 50 DEG C of water seed soaking 24h, mix with the damp sand of 2 times after pulling out and mix thoroughly, accelerating germination is carried out in being stacked at Small plastic shed, can sow when seed has 30%～40% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, use in some broadcast mode Light media non-woven container in Small plastic shed and sow, each Light media non-woven container sows 8, after planting covers the turfy soil of 1cm, is advisable loseing seed.Spray water the most immediately, note during water spray preventing seed exposed.After planting above Light media non-woven container, build Small plastic shed to heat, promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth.Catalpa ovata Don. height of seedling 15cm can carry out thinning, every container retained for 1 strain strong sprout, when Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock blade is fully deployed, carrying out foliage application once every the dusks of seven days, fertilizer is mainly chemical fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate or compound fertilizer, and Light media non-woven container is moved into land for growing field crops by the 2nd year spring, strengthen water and fertilizer management, when height of seedling reaches more than 1m, periodically extract terminal bud, to promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth.
2) Chinese catalpa grafting: in mid or late June to early July, uses band xylem bud grafting method to carry out Chinese catalpa grafting, 15d after grafting on Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock, during mouth Callus formation to be grafted, stump at Catalpa ovata Don. grafting part upwards 3cm, removes grafting tied rope simultaneously, and bud grafting Chinese catalpa starts sprout growth.
As preferred mode, band xylem bud grafting step is as follows: select to be suitable for the bud of grafting from branch, slightly band xylem the most tiltedly partial application downwards at 1.0cm above bud, below bud, at 1cm, the most oblique partial application, to the bottom of the first plande noodles, takes off bud sheet as scion slightly downwards.At Catalpa ovata Don. stock at the 5cm of ground, cut out the otch big with bud sheet etc., scion is embedded, it is ensured that the cambium layer of scion and stock is combined closely, and then tightens with plastic strip, and whole process to be carried out rapidly.
3) epicormic branch cuttage: the Catalpa ovata Don. top stem after stump and blade are sprayed water immediately, cut the section of being cut in the cool the same day and carry out epicormic branch cuttage, the stem segment length cut is 12cm, and top retains the 1/3 of blade, lower section bevel, 3cm under angle distance petiole, by the stem section that cuts according to degree of lignification classification, every 20 strain a bundles are put in the ABT1 root-inducing powder of 500ppm and are soaked 20min, cuttage in Light media non-woven container after pulling out, cutting enters substrate degree of depth 2cm, it is ensured that cutting does not falls.Before cuttage, the substrate carbendazim of 1000 times of liquid is sterilized, and puts up Small plastic shed after cuttage immediately, and with covered rearing with plastic film, surrounding seals, and the outer built of thin film covers the shade net of light transmittance 50%.When fine day temperature is higher, control the temperature in Small plastic shed below 38 DEG C by modes such as sunshade and canopy face water sprays.Every 20min spraying 10s in Small plastic shed, keeping water content of substrate is the 60-70% of saturation moisture content, and relative air humidity more than 95% is advisable.After most fringe bars start root of hair, progressively open film and ventilate, suitably reduce water content of substrate, be maintained at about the 40% of saturation moisture content.
Embodiment 3:
1) seeding and seedling raising, cultivation stock: JIUYUE gathers ripe Catalpa ovata Don. seed, promptly gathered before capsule ftractures, the Catalpa ovata Don. seed dry in the sun 6d that will gather, peeling, then by seed with 60 DEG C of water seed soaking 22h, mix with the damp sand of 3 times after pulling out and mix thoroughly, accelerating germination is carried out in being stacked at Small plastic shed, can sow when seed has 30%～40% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sowing in Light media non-woven container in employing point broadcast mode Small plastic shed, each Light media non-woven container sows 6, after planting covers the turfy soil of 0.8cm, is advisable loseing seed.Spray water the most immediately, note during water spray preventing seed exposed.After planting above Light media non-woven container, build Small plastic shed to heat, promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth.Catalpa ovata Don. height of seedling 12cm can carry out thinning, every container retained for 1 strain strong sprout, when Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock blade is fully deployed, carrying out foliage application once every the dusks of seven days, fertilizer is mainly chemical fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate or compound fertilizer, and Light media non-woven container is moved into land for growing field crops by the 2nd year spring, strengthen water and fertilizer management, when height of seedling reaches more than 1m, periodically extract terminal bud, to promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth.
2) Chinese catalpa grafting: in mid or late June to early July, uses band xylem bud grafting method to carry out Chinese catalpa grafting, 10d after grafting on Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock, during mouth Callus formation to be grafted, stump at Catalpa ovata Don. grafting part upwards 4cm, removes grafting tied rope simultaneously, and bud grafting Chinese catalpa starts sprout growth.
As preferred mode, band xylem bud grafting step is as follows: select to be suitable for the bud of grafting from branch, slightly band xylem the most tiltedly partial application downwards at 1.2cm above bud, below bud, at 0.8cm, the most oblique partial application, to the bottom of the first plande noodles, takes off bud sheet as scion slightly downwards.At Catalpa ovata Don. stock at the 8cm of ground, cut out the otch big with bud sheet etc., scion is embedded, it is ensured that the cambium layer of scion and stock is combined closely, and then tightens with plastic strip, and whole process to be carried out rapidly.
3) epicormic branch cuttage: the Catalpa ovata Don. top stem after stump and blade are sprayed water immediately, cut the section of being cut in the cool the same day and carry out epicormic branch cuttage, the stem segment length cut is 13cm, and top retains the 1/3 of blade, lower section bevel, 2.5cm under angle distance petiole, by the stem section that cuts according to degree of lignification classification, every 30 strain a bundles are put in the ABT1 root-inducing powder of 500ppm and are soaked 18min, cuttage in Light media non-woven container after pulling out, cutting enters substrate degree of depth 3cm, it is ensured that cutting does not falls.Before cuttage, the substrate carbendazim of 1000 times of liquid is sterilized, and puts up Small plastic shed after cuttage immediately, and with covered rearing with plastic film, surrounding seals, and the outer built of thin film covers the shade net of light transmittance 50%.When fine day temperature is higher, control the temperature in Small plastic shed below 38 DEG C by modes such as sunshade and canopy face water sprays.Every 15min spraying 8s in Small plastic shed, keeping water content of substrate is the 60-70% of saturation moisture content, and relative air humidity more than 95% is advisable.After most fringe bars start root of hair, progressively open film and ventilate, suitably reduce water content of substrate, be maintained at about the 40% of saturation moisture content.
Subordinate list is that Licheng in Jinan city district Catalpa ovata Don. epicormic branch cuttage forms Chinese catalpa bud grafting stock survival rate and increment inventory table
Be can be seen that by above table, growing-seedling period is the stock of the Catalpa ovata Don. epicormic branch cuttage Seedling production of 1 year, footpath, ground rugosity is about 1.61cm, and the survival rate of Catalpa ovata Don. cutting seedling is higher than 93%, as can be seen here, discarded Catalpa ovata Don. epicormic branch cuttage Seedling is utilized to produce Chinese catalpa bud grafting stock, growing-seedling period is short, survival rate is high, and it is effectively utilized nursery stock resource, reduce seedling cost, the nursery stock Second Year mid or late June utilizing cuttage gets final product bud grafting Chinese catalpa, and bud grafting Chinese catalpa height of seedling then, up to 1.71cm, is effectively increased Chinese catalpa propagation by grafiting efficiency.
Certainly, described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, change that those skilled in the art are made in the essential scope of the present invention, retrofits, adds or replaces, and also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency, it is characterised in that be achieved by the steps of:
1) seeding and seedling raising, cultivate stock: JIUYUE gathers ripe Catalpa ovata Don. seed, promptly gathers before capsule ftractures, the Catalpa ovata Don. seed dry in the sun 5～7d that will gather, peeling, then by seed with 50-70 DEG C of water seed soaking 20-24
H, mix with the damp sand of 2-4 times after pulling out and mix thoroughly, accelerating germination is carried out in being stacked at Small plastic shed, can sow when seed has 30%～40% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, use in some broadcast mode Light media non-woven container in Small plastic shed and sow, spray water the most immediately, note during water spray preventing seed exposed, Catalpa ovata Don. height of seedling 10～15cm can carry out thinning, every container retained for 1 strain strong sprout, when Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock blade is fully deployed, foliage application is carried out once every the dusks of seven days, fertilizer is mainly chemical fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate or compound fertilizer, Light media non-woven container is moved into land for growing field crops by the 2nd year spring, strengthen water and fertilizer management, when height of seedling reaches more than 1m, periodically extract terminal bud, to promote nursery stock Collar diameter growth；
2) Chinese catalpa grafting: in mid or late June to early July, band xylem bud grafting method is used to carry out Chinese catalpa grafting on Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock, after grafting 7～15d, during mouth Callus formation to be grafted, stump at Catalpa ovata Don. grafting part upwards 3～5cm, removing grafting tied rope, bud grafting Chinese catalpa starts sprout growth simultaneously；
3) epicormic branch cuttage: the Catalpa ovata Don. top stem after stump and blade are sprayed water immediately, cut the section of being cut in the cool the same day and carry out epicormic branch cuttage, the stem segment length cut is 12～15cm, top retains the 1/3 of blade, lower section bevel, angle distance petiole under 2～3cm, by the stem section that cuts according to degree of lignification classification, every 20～50 strain a bundles are put into and are soaked 15～20 min in the ABT1 root-inducing powder of 500ppm, cuttage in Light media non-woven container after pulling out, before cuttage, substrate carbendazim is sterilized, cutting enters the substrate degree of depth 2～4cm, ensure that cutting does not falls, every 10～20min spraying 5～10s after cuttage, the Catalpa ovata Don. nursery stock Second Year of cuttage can be used as the stock of bud grafting Chinese catalpa mid-June.
A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the substrate used in Light media non-woven container in described step 1) is turfy soil, step 2) in the substrate that uses in Light media non-woven container be volume ratio be perlite and the turfy soil of 2:1.
A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that each Light media non-woven container sowing 4-8 grain in step 1), after planting covers the turfy soil of 0.5-1cm, is advisable loseing seed.
A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that after planting build Small plastic shed above Light media non-woven container in step 1) and heat.
A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the ground with Intelligent Greenhouse can carry out Light media non-woven container seeding and seedling raising after the Spring Festival, seed and seedling management mode is identical, focus on disease prevention and control simultaneously, after heating up spring, container seedling is moved into land for growing field crops, strengthens water and fertilizer management, promote Collar diameter growth.
A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2) in band xylem bud grafting step as follows: from branch select be suitable for grafting bud, slightly band xylem the most tiltedly partial application downwards at 1.0～1.5cm above bud, below bud at 0.5～1cm slightly downwards the most tiltedly partial application to the bottom of the first plande noodles, take off bud sheet as scion, at Catalpa ovata Don. stock at ground 5～10cm, cut out the otch big with bud sheet etc., scion is embedded, guarantee that the cambium layer of scion and stock is combined closely, then tighten with plastic strip, whole process to be carried out rapidly.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510514888.5A CN105052567B (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2015-08-21 | A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency |
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| CN201510514888.5A CN105052567B (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2015-08-21 | A kind of method improving Chinese catalpa graft seedling growth reproductive efficiency |
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| CN107637293A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-30 | 湖北京穗农林科技发展有限公司 | The method of Japanese red maple graft seedling growth |
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| CN107996166B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-10-09 | 山东省林木种质资源中心 | Rapid cuttage breeding method for catalpa bungei |
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