CN103703993B - A kind of method of peach bud seedling graft seedling growth - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for peach bud seedling graft seedling growth, comprises step as follows: the cultivation of stock, the choosing of scion branch, grafting, grafting field planting, the management of grafting, field planting.Beneficial effect of the present invention: the shortcoming that this method overcomes " three work as nursery ", grafting operation in the indoor division of labor, the operation carrying out pipeline system, can greatly reduce the labour intensity of grafting work, improves grafting benefit; The nursery stock base portion be bred as no longer sprouts stock branch, and not only reduce the workload in cultivating seedlings, reduce seedling cost, and the peach seedling be bred as does not have gummosis, seedling growth is grown healthy and strong, and high-quality seedling rate reaches 98%.Compared with conventional graft seedling growth, seedling growth amount increases by 35%, and high-quality seedling rate improves 20%.

Description

A kind of method of peach bud seedling graft seedling growth

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of flower cultivation, relate to a kind of method of peach bud seedling graft seedling growth specifically.

Background technology

Peach blossom is the seasonable ornamencal flower and tree in spring originating in China, be loved by the people, and has the good reputation of " Christmas tree of China ".China's peach blossom cultivation history of existing more than 3000 year, particularly after reform and opening-up, peach blossom is widely applied in China's Tree in Urban Garden Construction and Rural Tourism Development, and more than 40 scenic spot, the whole nation was held " Peach Flower Festival " in annual spring.Geng You changde, hunan city, peach garden city, Taiwan, xiantao city, hubei province, Zhoushan Zhejiang, Hebei Hengshui City, city of Laiwu in Shandong province take peach blossom as city flower.

Peach blossom seedling-wood breeding, one is adopt seeding and seedling raising, and its offspring easily morphs.Another kind is graft seedling growth (bud grafting, cut-grafting), because grafting is all carried out at the height of overhead about 15cm, 10-20 wild peach stock joint position is remained below grafting part, the peach seedling that grafting obtains is after seedling stage and even field planting for many years, constantly a large amount of stock bud is sprouted below grafting part, this not only affects the growing of nursery stock, increases seedling stage except anvil workload, and leave many clips at peach seedling base portion, increase the incidence of disease and the state of an illness of gummosis, cause peach retarded growth, the lost of life.

Summary of the invention

For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of peach bud seedling graft seedling growth, the method is bred the peach seedling obtained and is not being sprouted stock bud, stalwartness of growing, peach life in the future.

The method of a kind of peach bud seedling graft seedling growth of the present invention comprises the steps:

(1), the cultivation of stock: be a year 6-7 month, select full seed every weight to hide at the fresh wild peach seed sand of more than 4.5g; Cleaned by seed, pull out, at leeward, dry place, be embedded in by wild peach seed heap and be equivalent in the moistening river sand of seed volume 4-5 times, the humidity of river sand is agglomerating to hold, namely loose being advisable of loosing one's grip; One deck seed one deck river sand, covers film moisturizing; Note running check, prevent from making because of dry dehydration or excess moisture seed go rotten; The wild peach seed that sand is hidden by mid or late Febuary in the coming year takes out, put into 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate to soak to take out after 2 hours and dry, broadcast on the clean river sand seedbed of thick 15cm, thickness of sowing is to be independent of each other between seed, river sand 5cm is covered on seed, water sufficient water, then cover plastic sheeting for farm use, heat and moisture preserving;

(2), the choosing of scion branch: mode one is in the fall after peach blossom fallen leaves, and in conjunction with the pruning of peach, selecting leaf bud to grow full, diameter is the branch of 0.5-0.8cm, and the branch top Hou Shazang that seals with wax is for subsequent use; Mode two is before spring, peach blossom was open, chooses the branch sand that leaf bud is not sprouted, diameter is 0.5-0.8cm and hides for subsequent use;

(3), grafting: when wild peach seed germination, seedling height 5-10cm, wild peach seedling is tripped out, retains the root system of long 5-7cm, clean, drain away the water for subsequent use; Cut off from rough leaf by stock with single-edge blade, therefrom rive dark 1-1.5cm; Simple bud scion lower end is whittled into wedge shape, the long 1-1.5cm of bevel, and on bud, 1cm blocks; Rootstock opening-cleaving is inserted in the scion of cutting, the formation layer at least made alignment, grafting part is rolled tightly with the aluminium foil of 5 × 2cm, puts into dish and wait to plant;

(4), grafting field planting: nutritious bag proper alignment is not interspaced on seedbed, between bag, both sides, seedbed are tight by native harmony, the right hand is held clean bamboo chip and is inserted nutritious bag 6cm, dial towards light on one side, left hand catches the bondage position of grafting, take advantage of a situation and grafting root system put into Nutrition Soil, make cotyledon be positioned at below Nutrition Soil table, extract bamboo chip out and return soil, grafting is planted steady; Irrigate with 1000 times of carbendazim aqueous solution in time after planting, be plugged bamboo bow, cover film heat and moisture preserving;

(5), the management of grafting: mainly moisture-heat preservation promoting healing after grafting field planting, after scion grows three true leaves, weekly foliage-spray urea account for 0.5%, amino acid compound trace element fertilizer account for 0.5% mixed solution, the amount of spraying drenches with blade;

(6), field planting: for cultivating the land for growing field crops of peach blossom seedling, mu executes the composite fertilizer 50kg that N-P-K is 15-15-15, and be made into the ridge face of wide 120cm, overlay film is for subsequent use; During grafting height of seedling 15-20cm, be transplanted to large Tanaka, straight branch Peach cultivars line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 15cm.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the shortcoming that this method overcomes " three work as nursery ", grafting operation in the indoor division of labor, the operation carrying out pipeline system, can greatly reduce the labour intensity of grafting work, improves grafting benefit; The nursery stock base portion be bred as no longer sprouts stock branch, and not only reduce the workload in cultivating seedlings, reduce seedling cost, and the peach seedling be bred as does not have gummosis, seedling growth is grown healthy and strong, and high-quality seedling rate reaches 98%.Compared with conventional graft seedling growth, seedling growth amount increases by 35%, and high-quality seedling rate improves 20%.

Embodiment

The following examples can illustrate in greater detail the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form.

Embodiment 1:

1) cultivation of stock

The 6-7 month in 2009, by fresh full wild peach seed Sand culture.

On February 15th, 2010 by hide through sand Stratificated treatment wild peach seed take out, sterilization after, broadcast on the clean river sand seedbed of thick 15cm, cover husky 5cm, water sufficient water, then cover plastic sheeting for farm use, heat and moisture preserving.

2) the choosing of scion branch

After peach fallen leaves in 2009, the diameter choosing ornamental peach kind " according to a hand Ji " is the healthy and strong branch of 0.5-0.8cm, and removing bud, husky Tibetan is for subsequent use.

3 graftings

The 3-4 month in 2010, when wild peach seed germination, height of seedling 5cm, wild peach seedling tripped out, retain the root system of long 5cm, clean, drain away the water for subsequent use, after grafting, put into dish and wait to plant.

4) grafting field planting

By grafting field planting in the nutritious bag of seedbed, sterilization, moisture-heat preservation promoting healing.

5) management of grafting

After scion grows three true leaves, weekly foliage-spray urea account for 0.5%, amino acid compound trace element fertilizer account for 0.5% mixed solution.During grafting height of seedling 15cm, be transplanted to large Tanaka, straight branch Peach cultivars line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 15cm.

6) breeding effect

Breeding peach blossom breeding nursery stock 320 in 2010 strain, only sprouts 10 stock buds, in four years after field planting to nursery, does not sprout stock bud in seedbed.Peach blossom seedling development is healthy and strong, annual height of seedling 120-160cm, leading thread 1.2-1.5cm, and compared with the peach seedling be bred as with conventional grafting, amount of growth increases by 35%, and high-quality seedling rate reaches 98%.

Claims (1)

1. a method for peach bud seedling graft seedling growth, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

(1), the cultivation of stock: the 6-7 month then, select full seed every weight to hide at the fresh wild peach seed sand of more than 4.5g; Cleaned by seed, pull out, at leeward, dry place, be embedded in by wild peach seed heap and be equivalent in the moistening river sand of seed volume 4-5 times, the humidity of river sand is agglomerating to hold, and looses one's grip namely loose; One deck seed one deck river sand, covers film moisturizing; Note running check, prevent dry dehydration or make because of excess moisture seed go rotten; The wild peach seed that sand is hidden by mid or late Febuary in the coming year takes out, put into 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate to soak to take out after 2 hours and dry, broadcast on the clean river sand seedbed of thick 15cm, thickness of sowing is to be independent of each other between seed, river sand 5cm is covered on seed, water sufficient water, then cover plastic sheeting for farm use, heat and moisture preserving;

(2), the choosing of scion branch: mode one is in the fall after peach blossom fallen leaves, and in conjunction with the pruning of peach, selecting leaf bud to grow full, diameter is the branch of 0.5-0.8cm, and the branch top Hou Shazang that seals with wax is for subsequent use; Mode two is before spring, peach blossom was open, chooses the branch sand that leaf bud is not sprouted, diameter is 0.5-0.8cm and hides for subsequent use;

(3), grafting: when wild peach seed germination, seedling height 5-10cm, wild peach seedling is tripped out, retains the root system of long 5-7cm, clean, drain away the water for subsequent use; Cut off from rough leaf by stock with single-edge blade, therefrom rive dark 1-1.5cm; Simple bud scion lower end is whittled into wedge shape, the long 1-1.5cm of bevel, and on bud, 1cm blocks; Rootstock opening-cleaving is inserted in the scion of cutting, the formation layer at least made alignment, grafting part is rolled tightly with the aluminium foil of 5 × 2cm, puts into dish and wait to plant;

(4), grafting field planting: nutritious bag proper alignment is not interspaced on seedbed, between bag, both sides, seedbed are tight by native harmony, the right hand is held clean bamboo chip and is inserted nutritious bag 6cm, dial towards light on one side, left hand catches the bondage position of grafting, take advantage of a situation and grafting root system put into Nutrition Soil, make cotyledon be positioned at below Nutrition Soil table, extract bamboo chip out and return soil, grafting is planted steady; Irrigate with 1000 times of carbendazim aqueous solution in time after planting, be plugged bamboo bow, cover film heat and moisture preserving;

(5), the management of grafting: mainly moisture-heat preservation promoting healing after grafting field planting, after scion grows three true leaves, weekly foliage-spray urea account for 0.5%, amino acid compound trace element fertilizer account for 0.5% mixed solution, the amount of spraying drenches with blade;

(6), field planting: for cultivating the land for growing field crops of peach blossom seedling, mu executes the composite fertilizer 50kg that N-P-K is 15-15-15, and be made into the ridge face of wide 120cm, overlay film is for subsequent use; During grafting height of seedling 15-20cm, be transplanted to large Tanaka, straight branch Peach cultivars line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 15cm.