CN104115676A - Chinese honey locust bud seedling twig grafting method - Google Patents
Chinese honey locust bud seedling twig grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104115676A CN104115676A CN201410329762.6A CN201410329762A CN104115676A CN 104115676 A CN104115676 A CN 104115676A CN 201410329762 A CN201410329762 A CN 201410329762A CN 104115676 A CN104115676 A CN 104115676A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tree grafting, and particularly relates to a Chinese honey locust bud seedling twig grafting method. The method comprises the steps that Chinese honey locust seeds are cultivated for budding, bud seedlings growing to the height ranging from 7 cm to 10 cm are stock, Chinese honey locust fine breed trees with the diameter ranging from 0.2 cm to 0.5 cm are used as annual half lignification robust twigs and used as scions after tender thorns and tender thin twig ends are removed,; a cleft grafting method is adopted for grafting and enabling the twigs to grow into a new plant. The experiment proves that the survival rate can reach 90%, the cost is reduced by 50%, the fine breed seedling cultivation age limit is shortened, seedling sowing, grafting and outplanting can be easily achieved in the same year, and the method can be developed to be a large-scale Chinese honey locust fine breed breeding method and has application and popularization value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forest graft technology field, be specifically related to a kind of Chinese honey locust bud seedling grafting of tender branch method.
Background technology
Chinese honey locust (Gleditsia sinensis Lam.), has another name called Chinese honey locust tree, is one of China distinctive Caesalpiniaceae Gleditsia seeds.The deep and broad prosperity of Chinese honey locust root system, grows vigorous, the height of tree and be preced with large, strong adaptability; There is happiness light and slightly resistance to shade, the features such as drought-enduring, water saving, cold-resistant, fixed nitrogen and disease and insect resistance, require not tight to soil, at calcium carbonate and saline and alkaline even clay or all energy normal growths of sand environment, one of good ecological seeds of building soil and water conservation forest and forests for windbreak and sand-fixation, especially in the midwestern conceding the land to forestry of China and Cropping structure adjustment etc. are built, be a kind of rare Eco-economic Type seeds.
Chinese honey locust dioecism, female tree (Chinese honey locust) ability that bears pods is strong.Chinese honey locust fruit is the natural material of medicine, food, health products, cosmetics and articles for washing; Can disappear stagnated food appetizing of Gleditsia sinensis Seeds, and contain a kind of natural plant gum (guar gum), be important strategic material; Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture (soap pin) includes the compounds such as glycosides displayed, phenols, Quercetin, amino acid, has very high economic worth.Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture demand enlarges markedly in recent years, and price rises violently always, and the price of Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture is up to 100 yuan of per kilograms at present.The low mountain of our province part, hills countryside and peasantry are shaken off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity in Chinese honey locust plantation.The enthusiasm of various places plantation Chinese honey locust grows to even greater heights, and supply falls short of demand for Chinese honey locust breeding nursery stock demand, and Chinese honey locust breeding is bred in production becomes the key of development.
But, the Chinese honey locust of various places cultivation is at present essentially seedling and builds garden, gathering seed from the large tree of result grows seedlings, institute's wooden plant variation of growing seedlings is larger, year increment, quil (form, size, maturing stage, color), blade, resistance etc. all have larger difference, can not ensure the merits such as concentrated, best in quality, high and stable yield of quil maturing stage.For keeping the good characteristic of Chinese honey locust breeding, take at present the conventional asexual reproduction method such as plate budding and cleft grafting, cortex grafting more, but in view of the quil on Chinese honey locust branch many and hard, make existing Chinese honey locust grafting method, exist grafting speed slow, survival rate is low, high in cost of production defect, thus restrict Fast-propagation and the large-scale popularization of Chinese honey locust breeding.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming prior art deficiency, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of Chinese honey locust bud seedling grafting of tender branch method, and the method has significantly shortened the engrafting and cultivating time of Chinese honey locust breeding, and survival rate is high, and cost is low.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has taked following technical scheme:
A kind of Chinese honey locust bud seedling grafting of tender branch method, its bud seedling of cultivating taking Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is stock, and taking Chinese honey locust breeding, raw semi-lignified spray is as scion then, and employing cleft graft is carried out grafting and is grown up to new plant.
Described grafting specifically comprises the steps:
1) play anvil: when Gleditsia sinensis Seeds germinates, bud seedling while growing to 7～10cm trips out as stock, clean, with 500～1000 times of immersions bubbles of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder 15～25 minutes, taking-up, drained away the water for subsequent use;
2) cut fringe: the Chinese honey locust breeding trees of clip diameter 0.2～0.5cm are the healthy and strong spray of raw semi-lignified then, removes tender thorn, the tender tip as scion; Choose leaf bud full in scion, with single-edge blade cutter under both sides, 1.0～1.5cm place, leaf bud bottom, be whittled into two-sided wedge shape, long 0.5～the 1.0cm of bevel, cut off at 1.0～1.5cm place, leaf bud top again, in scion, leave and take 3～4 leaves, the scion of cutting put into 1～3%(percentage by weight is housed) basin of white sugar water is for subsequent use;
3) cut anvil:, aim at central longitudinal and cut a cutter in the cut-out of plumular axis 2～3cm place, bud seedling primary root top with single-edge blade, dark 0.7～1.2cm, bud shoot root portion retains 4～6cm, and redundance excision, completes and cuts anvil;
4) cuttings and wrapping: the scion of cutting is inserted in the otch of stock, at least make formation layer alignment on one side, grafting part is rolled tightly with the aluminium foil of 1 × 3.5cm, but can not be by stock backfin.
Described stock is cultivated and is specifically comprised the steps:
1) seed collection: select tree vigo(u)r prosperous, physically well develop, there is no the Chinese honey locust elite stand in strong age in full 30～100 years raw full bearing periods of damage by disease and insect, seed, collect seed in the time that late October～early November, fruit became bronzing; Select full mature pod angle, after adopting, dry, stone roller or grating pod angle get seed, 450～500 grams of thousand grain weigths, survive the winter in dry Tibetan, for subsequent use;
2) sulfuric acid treatment: in first about 3～7 days of sowing, by dry hide the seed of surviving the winter through screening, impurity elimination, go flat after, insert in plastic basin, add the sulfuric acid spade of concentration 95% constantly to stir stir process 40～50 minutes, rinse until seed clear water when bronzing becomes peony, then use 50 DEG C of water soakings 2～3 days, change water every day one time, filter out the seed of imbibition, the husky bed upper seeding wheel of putting in order;
3) whole bed and sowing: husky bed is chosen in leeward, higher, the place of ponding not of physical features on the sunny side, sow first 7～10 days whole good husky beds, husky bedside 1.2～2m, long 10～20m, the clean wet river sand that first pads one deck 10～15cm on smooth ground, every square metre carries out disinfection with 5 grams of 50% carbendazol wettable powders; April early and middle ten days the seed uniform broadcasting handled well in the above, then cover the wet river sand of thick 8～12cm, spray casting bed with clear water, then cover film or wheat straw, it is moistening that casting bed will keep, and treats seed sprouting, grow to 7～10cm when long bud seedling can be used as stock and carry out grafting.
Novelty of the present invention is: while having overcome existing Chinese honey locust grafting with improved seed, and the trouble that Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture brings to grafting work.No matter Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture, in the time of conventional grafting, is cut stock or cuts scion, all has the phenomenon of pricking the hand, and has reduced grafting efficiency; Simultaneously, because Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture growth site is wooden hard, in the time getting scion, difficulty increases, and usually occurs cutting the problems such as scion is rough, has reduced graft survival rate.
Compared to the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
The invention provides a kind of new Chinese honey locust stock breeding method-Chinese honey locust bud seedling twig grafting method, it utilizes the bud seedling that Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is cultivated to make stock, and Chinese honey locust breeding then raw semi-lignified spray is that grafting is carried out in scion.The method can make the stock of sowing then cultivate the grafting with improved seed seedling that can go out then garden, than the 1 year at least in advance cultivation time of conventional grafting method, has significantly shortened the cultivation time of Chinese honey locust grafting with improved seed, has improved improved variety popularization efficiency, reduces seedling cost.In addition, compared with conventional grafting method, the graft survival rate of the inventive method (improves 30～40% than conventional grafting method) more than 90%, and grafting efficiency improves 1～2 times, can realize Chinese honey locust breeding scale graft seedling growth, accelerates the promotion rate of Chinese honey locust breeding.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is for adopting the ready-made grafting of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is the seedling that survives adopting after the inventive method grafting.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
embodiment 1
A kind of Chinese honey locust bud seedling grafting of tender branch method, its bud seedling of cultivating taking Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is stock, and taking Chinese honey locust breeding, raw semi-lignified spray is as scion then, and employing cleft graft is carried out grafting and is grown up to new plant.Method of operating and step are specific as follows:
1. the cultivation of stock
1.1 seed collection
Selection tree vigo(u)r is prosperous, physically well develops, and there is no the elite stand in strong age in full 30～100 years raw full bearing periods of damage by disease and insect, seed, in 10 below the moon～collect seed when early November, fruit became bronzing.Select full mature pod angle, after adopting, dry, grind (rolling) broken pod angle and get seed, remove impurity, select grain large, make seed without worm, plump seed anosis, that have no mechanical damage, 450～500 grams of thousand grain weigths, survive the winter in dry Tibetan, for subsequent use.
1.2 sulfuric acid treatment
Gleditsia sinensis Seeds shell is hard, and is rich in colloid, is difficult to immersion under normality, is difficult to broken shell rudiment in a short time.At occurring in nature, Gleditsia sinensis Seeds need to just can sprout through the macerating of at least 12～15 months, and germination rate is only below 50%.Therefore must carry out vernalization processing before sowing.
In sowing first about 7 days, the seed that Jiang Ganzang survives the winter through screening, impurity elimination, go flat after, use sulfuric acid treatment.Be specially: inserting in plastic basin through the seed of screening, add the sulfuric acid (every 100kg seed with approximately 5～8kg sulfuric acid) of concentration 95%, turn over even and constantly stir stir process 40～50 minutes with spade, until seed when bronzing becomes peony, rinse seed with clear water, until the clear water pH value of rinsing after seed approaches 7.With 50 DEG C of water soakings 2～3 days, change water every day one time, filter out the husky bed upper seeding wheel that the seed of imbibition is being put in order.This method germination rate is high, germinates neat.Solids Gleditsia sinensis Seeds that many days can not imbibition, can repeat said process.
1. 3 whole bed and sowings
That husky bed should be chosen in is leeward, higher, the place of ponding not of physical features on the sunny side.Sow first 7～10 days whole good husky beds, husky bedside 1.2～2m, long 10～20m, determines according to landform, first pads the approximately clean wet river sand of 10～15cm of thick layer on smooth ground, and every square metre carries out disinfection with 5 grams of 50% carbendazol wettable powders.April early and middle ten days the seed uniform broadcasting handled well in the above, it is overlapping that seed is avoided as far as possible, then cover the wet river sand of thick about 10cm, sprays casting bed with clear water, then covers film or wheat straw, it is moistening that casting bed will keep.As found, humidity is inadequate, should spray water in time.Treat seed sprouting, grow to 7～10cm when long bud seedling can be used as stock and carry out grafting.
2. choosing of scion
The Chinese honey locust breeding trees of clip diameter 0.2～0.5cm are the healthy and strong spray of raw semi-lignified then, removes tender thorn, the tender tip as scion.Ventilation moisturizing transport, with adopting with use.
3. grafting:
3.1 anvils: mid or late April stock cultivated, when Gleditsia sinensis Seeds germinate, while growing to 7～10cm bud seedling as stock have gentle hands gently dug, then with clear water by the sand punching choosing on stock totally.After cleaning, soak 20 minutes with 800 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder (times of weight), take out and be placed in permeable plastic crate, drain away the water for subsequent use.While playing anvil, note handling with care, do not damage bud and the root of the stock that fractures.
3.2 cut fringe: choose leaf bud full in scion, with the sterile sharp single-edge blade of 75% alcohol cutter under both sides, 1.0～1.5cm place, leaf bud bottom, be whittled into two-sided wedge shape, long 0.5～the 1.0cm of bevel, cut off at 1.0～1.5cm place, leaf bud top again, in scion, leave and take 3～4 leaves, the scion of cutting put into 1～3%(percentage by weight is housed) basin of white sugar water is for subsequent use.
3.3 cut anvil:, aim at central longitudinal and cut a cutter in the cut-out of plumular axis 2～3cm place, bud seedling primary root top with the sterile sharp single-edge blade of 75% alcohol, and dark 0.7～1.2cm, bud shoot root portion retains 4～6cm, and redundance excision, completes and cuts anvil.
3.4 cuttings and wrapping: the scion of cutting is inserted in the otch of stock, make to form layer alignment, grafting part is rolled tightly and gets final product (see figure 1) with the aluminium foil of 1 × 3.5cm, but can not be by stock backfin.The nursery stock grafting is placed in the large bamboo or wicker basket in frescade, and builds with wet cloth, avoid solar radiation, plant in order to unified.
4. grafting is planted
4.1 set up cool canopy.The plant garden ground of Chinese honey locust grafting must be provided with cool canopy, cool canopy height l.6～1.9m, degree of shading is 70～90%.
4.2 plant: will install matrix (vermiculite: perlite: turfy soil=1:1:1, weight ratio) nutritious bag be neatly placed on seedbed, between nutritious bag, can not there is space, put broadband 1～1.2m, both sides are tight with brick or fortifield village, in advance water irrigates nutritious bag, and with 400 times of liquid spray disinfectants of 50% carbendazol wettable powder.Bamboo let through sterilization for the right hand, insert ready nutritious bag middle part matrix 5cm, to light group on one side, left hand is clutched the aluminium foil of grafting with thumb and forefinger, gently grafting root is put into matrix, extracts bamboo let out, banket and real with hand, water permeablely with watering can, then cover film, surrounding soil pressure tightening seal.
5. grafting management.
5.1 temperature, moisture management
Grafting plant nutritious bag water permeable after, outside seedbed, build immediately shed covered with plastic film, keep relative moisture more than 85%, temperature remains on 25 DEG C of left and right (being no more than 30 DEG C) daytime, remains on 20 DEG C of left and right (being not less than 15 DEG C) night.Close canopy about 20 days, midfeather is opened an osculum for 2～3 days always, checks temp. and humidity and soil moisture content, generally there will not be lack of water.As found, lack of water waters in time; As fine in weather, temperature of shed exceedes 30 DEG C, and on warm canopy film, watering is lowered the temperature or added a cover sunshade net in time.After general 20 days, grafting mouth can heal, and scion starts rudiment leaf development.Now can suitably open shed two sooner or later and ventilate, progressively reduce temp. and humidity, through the hardening of about 10 days, warm canopy plastic film can remove, and sunshade net will be saved in after 60 days always, and nursery stock enters normal management.
5.2 water sprays with topdress: grafting seedbed, can not ponding can not lack of water, as found seedbed lack of water, should spray in time.Attention can only be sprayed with watering can not flood irrigation.While often opening a film, all will spray one time water, injection flow rate is determined according to seedbed humidity.When grafting grows into 3～5cm when high, can impose in conjunction with sprinkling irrigation the foliar nutrition such as urea water or the Ye Mian Bao fertilizer of concentration 0.2%.
The core of Chinese honey locust bud seedling grafting of tender branch method of the present invention: be mainly by Gleditsia sinensis Seeds after screening, vernalization etc. are processed, treat that seed sprouting grows to 7～10cm but not yet opens up young shoot seedling before leaf as stock, give birth to then semi-lignified branch as scion using Chinese honey locust breeding, the novel propagation method of one that adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting.Through in Zhengzhou, the ground extensive experimentation such as store, Songxian County; survival rate has reached 90%; cost 50%; shorten the breeding cultivating seedlings time limit; can easily realize sowing then, grafting then, go out garden then; can develop into one of Chinese honey locust breeding seedling propagation in scale grafting method, have application value.
Claims (3)
1. a Chinese honey locust bud seedling grafting of tender branch method, is characterized in that, the bud seedling of cultivating taking Gleditsia sinensis Seeds is stock, taking Chinese honey locust breeding then raw semi-lignified spray carry out grafting as scion.
2. Chinese honey locust bud seedling grafting of tender branch method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described grafting specifically comprises the steps:
1) play anvil: when Gleditsia sinensis Seeds germinates, bud seedling trips out as stock while growing to 7～10cm, clean, with 500～1000 times of immersions bubbles of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder 15～25 minutes, taking-up, drained away the water for subsequent use;
2) cut fringe: the Chinese honey locust breeding trees of clip diameter 0.2～0.5cm are the healthy and strong spray of raw semi-lignified then, removes tender thorn, the tender tip as scion; Choose leaf bud full in scion, with single-edge blade cutter under both sides, 1.0～1.5cm place, leaf bud bottom, be whittled into two-sided wedge shape, long 0.5～the 1.0cm of bevel, cut off at 1.0～1.5cm place, leaf bud top again, in scion, leave and take 3～4 leaves, the scion of cutting is put into that the basin of 1～3% white sugar water is housed is for subsequent use;
3) cut anvil:, aim at central longitudinal and cut a cutter in the cut-out of plumular axis 2～3cm place, bud seedling primary root top with single-edge blade, dark 0.7～1.2cm, bud shoot root portion retains 4～6cm, and redundance excision, completes and cuts anvil;
4) cuttings and wrapping: the scion of cutting is inserted in the otch of stock, at least make formation layer alignment on one side, grafting part is rolled tightly with the aluminium foil of 1 × 3.5cm, but can not be by stock backfin.
3. Chinese honey locust bud seedling grafting of tender branch method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described stock is cultivated and specifically comprised the steps:
1) seed collection: select tree vigo(u)r prosperous, physically well develop, there is no damage by disease and insect, the Chinese honey locust elite stand in strong age in full 30～100 years raw full bearing periods of seed is collected seed in the time that late October～early November, fruit became bronzing; Select full mature pod angle, after adopting, dry, stone roller or grating pod angle get seed, 450～500 grams of thousand grain weigths, survive the winter in dry Tibetan, for subsequent use;
2) sulfuric acid treatment: in first 3～7 days of sowing, by dry hide the seed of surviving the winter through screening, impurity elimination, go flat after, insert in basin, add the sulfuric acid spade of concentration 95% constantly to stir stir process 40～50 minutes, rinse until seed clear water when bronzing becomes peony, then use 50 DEG C of water soakings 2～3 days, change water every day one time, filter out the seed of imbibition, the husky bed upper seeding wheel of putting in order;
3) whole bed and sowing: husky bed is chosen in leeward, higher, the place of ponding not of physical features on the sunny side, sow first 7～10 days whole good husky beds, husky bedside 1.2～2m, long 10～20m, the clean wet river sand that first pads one deck 10～15cm on smooth ground, every square metre carries out disinfection with 5 grams of 50% carbendazol wettable powders; April early and middle ten days the seed uniform broadcasting handled well in the above, then cover the wet river sand of thick 8～12cm, spray casting bed with clear water, then cover film or wheat straw, it is moistening that casting bed will keep, and treats seed sprouting, grow to 7～10cm when long bud seedling can be used as stock and carry out grafting.
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| CN105284435A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-03 | 广西职业技术学院 | Sprout grafting and seedling raising method of Camellia crapnelliana |
| CN105766396A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-20 | 李俊彦 | Method of grafting gleditsia sinensis to wild gleditsia sinensis |
| CN105850517A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Asexual reproduction method for improved variety of gleditsia sinensis thorn forests |
| CN105917977A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Grafting method of Gleditsia triacaanthos sunburst |
| CN105993787A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-12 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | Rapid propagating and fast growing cultivation method for stingless gleditsia triacanthos |
| CN104969743B (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2017-05-10 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | Method for hardwood cutting propagation of Gleditsia sinensis |
| CN106937567A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-07-11 | 德宏州野生动物收容救护中心 | A kind of Gleditsia japonica grafting seedlings-growing method |
| CN109005732A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-18 | 梁友盛 | A kind of Chinese honey locust prevalent variety cultivation method |
| CN112997711A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-22 | 孟庆海 | Method for transporting cutting slips for Chinese rose grafting |
| CN113079920A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 武威市林业科学研究院 | Seedling raising method for Calligonum mongolicum |
| CN115176610A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-10-14 | 贵州大学 | Method for rapidly cultivating grafted gleditsia sinensis seedlings |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104969743B (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2017-05-10 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | Method for hardwood cutting propagation of Gleditsia sinensis |
| CN105284435B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2018-06-29 | 广西职业技术学院 | The method of C. crapnelliana sprout grafting nursery |
| CN105284435A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-03 | 广西职业技术学院 | Sprout grafting and seedling raising method of Camellia crapnelliana |
| CN105850517A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Asexual reproduction method for improved variety of gleditsia sinensis thorn forests |
| CN105766396A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-20 | 李俊彦 | Method of grafting gleditsia sinensis to wild gleditsia sinensis |
| CN105917977A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Grafting method of Gleditsia triacaanthos sunburst |
| CN105993787B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2019-03-05 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | The fast numerous, rapid culture method of stingless U.S.'s gleditsia sinensis |
| CN105993787A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-12 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | Rapid propagating and fast growing cultivation method for stingless gleditsia triacanthos |
| CN106937567A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-07-11 | 德宏州野生动物收容救护中心 | A kind of Gleditsia japonica grafting seedlings-growing method |
| CN109005732A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-18 | 梁友盛 | A kind of Chinese honey locust prevalent variety cultivation method |
| CN112997711A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-22 | 孟庆海 | Method for transporting cutting slips for Chinese rose grafting |
| CN113079920A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 武威市林业科学研究院 | Seedling raising method for Calligonum mongolicum |
| CN115176610A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-10-14 | 贵州大学 | Method for rapidly cultivating grafted gleditsia sinensis seedlings |
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