CN104920146A - Propagation method for rapid spikelet breeding of ithocarpus polysachyus rehd - Google Patents
Propagation method for rapid spikelet breeding of ithocarpus polysachyus rehd Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多穗柯快速育穗的繁殖方法，该方法包括圃地选择与整地、采穗圃建立、采穗圃管理、穗条培育、插穗采集及处理、扦插和扦插后管理工序，选用优良单株苗木，采取圃地育苗畦上挖坎施放有机肥作基肥后栽植培育母株作采穗圃，经追肥和合理修剪培育半木质化枝条作穗条，将穗条扦插于装有基质的营养杯中，覆盖薄膜和荫网培育苗木，获得大量优质的多穗柯扦插苗。本发明利用采穗圃培育多穗柯优良母本穗条，穗条的繁殖量大，繁殖速度快，并保持母本优良性状，穗条应用于扦插繁殖，能培育出优质多穗柯苗木，具有育苗时间短、速度快、成活率高、方法简便、容易操作等特点，具有较好经济效益、社会效益和生态效益。The invention discloses a rapid fringe-raising propagation method of Fructus fruticosa. The method comprises nursery site selection and site preparation, ear-harvesting nursery establishment, ear-harvesting nursery management, ear bar cultivation, cuttings collection and treatment, cutting and post-cutting management procedures , select excellent single-plant seedlings, use organic fertilizers as base fertilizers on nursery nursery beds, and then plant and cultivate mother plants as ear picking nurseries. After topdressing and reasonable pruning, semi-lignified branches are cultivated as ear cuttings, and the ear cuttings are cut into the container In the nutrient cup of the substrate, the seedlings were cultivated by covering the film and the shade net, and a large number of high-quality cutting seedlings of Aceae polycarpa were obtained. The present invention utilizes the ear-picking nursery to cultivate the excellent female parent scion of Fructus variegata, the spike has a large reproductive capacity and fast propagation speed, and maintains the excellent traits of the female parent, the fringe is applied to cutting propagation, and can cultivate high-quality Fructus variegata seedlings. It has the characteristics of short breeding time, fast speed, high survival rate, simple method, easy operation, etc., and has good economic, social and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, relate to a kind of propagation method of Pasania cuspidata, especially a kind of Pasania cuspidata educates the propagation method of fringe fast.
Background technology
Pasania cuspidata (
lithocarpus polystachyus), have another name called many fringes C.-glauca, sweet tea, aiphyllium or dungarunga, high 7 ~ 15m, be the torrid zone, tropical trees, be distributed in each province on the south the Changjiang river, India, Thailand also have.Pasania cuspidata is valuable ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine seeds, the effective component mainly flavonoids of Pasania cuspidata, and its content is greater than 30 %, is wherein the emphasis that people pay close attention to the phloridzin of dihydrochalcone glycoside, trifloroside.Pasania cuspidata flavonoids has very strong anti-oxidant and plurality of health care functions, Recent study finds, Pasania cuspidata and extract thereof have the effect of significantly hypoglycemic and reducing blood lipid, the sugar refined with tender leaf can supply diabetes patients, has important facilitation to the control of the diabetes of common concern in the world and treatment.
Can pigment be extracted from the tender leaf of Pasania cuspidata, Pasania cuspidata pigment productive rate can reach cured leaf heavy about 10%, be brown granular shape highly finished product, nonhygroscopic rotten, can long term storage, free from extraneous odour, good water solubility, strong coloring force, to light, hot color stability, this pigment is tested through uremic toxins, acute toxicity experience, the nontoxic level in true border, edible safety is high, and the sugar-coat that can be used for candy, cola drink, ice cream, assembled alcoholic drinks and medicine is painted.Pasania cuspidata tender leaf and bud are used for being made into Pasania cuspidata " sweet tea " and drink, and color and luster, mouthfeel are good, existing history of more than one thousand years.The exploitation of Pasania cuspidata leaf have become the focus of current exploratory development.
Current Pasania cuspidata is main mainly with seminal propagation, but seminal propagation needs the storing and germination accelerating process of experience more than 4 ~ 5 months, and seed sprouting is irregular, large with the descendants specialize of seminal propagation, is difficult to keep maternal merit.And the normal cutting propagation propagation method of Pasania cuspidata is long for breeding cycle at present, the fringe bar of cuttage is collected in the large tree of adult Pasania cuspidata mostly, and fringe bar supply lazy weight, cuttage survival rate are not high, are unfavorable for large-scale production and the Application and Development of Pasania cuspidata cottage propagation.
Therefore, Pasania cuspidata extremely social concerns under the new situation, innovate a kind of vegetative method of Pasania cuspidata, promote Pasania cuspidata high-quality, efficient, scale is fast-developing significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, providing that a kind of cultivation period is short, reproduction speed is fast, reproduction coefficient is high, reproductive-cost is low, keep maternal merit, Pasania cuspidata easy and simple to handle educates the propagation method of fringe fast.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Pasania cuspidata educates the propagation method of fringe fast, select with comprising garden with whole, cutting orchard is set up, cutting orchard manages, fringe bar is cultivated, cuttings sampling and processing, manage operation after cuttage and cuttage, select fine individual plant nursery stock, take ground, garden nursery furrow dig bank to discharge to plant after fertilizer makes base manure and cultivate maternal plant and make cutting orchard, cultivate semi-lignified branch through topdressing with rational pruning and make fringe bar, by tloig-cutlage in the nutrition cup that matrix is housed, nursery stock cultivated by cover film and shady net, obtain the Pasania cuspidata cuttage seeding of a large amount of high-quality, its concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) garden ground select with wholely:
Selection has a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, make cutting orchard with loosening fertile level land or gentle slope; Overall site preparation, two plough two rakes, pick up clean grass roots, have started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, furrow face width 100 cm, length 10 ~ 15 m, wide 35 cm of pavement;
(2) cutting orchard is set up:
Select fine individual plant height of seedling 25 ~ 35 cm, leading thread 0.3 more than cm to be female seedling without the healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata of damage by disease and insect, bank is dug by the seeding row spacing of 50 cm × 50 cm in furrow face, cutting orchard ground, and bank size and the degree of depth are 30 cm × 30, cm × 40 cm; Every bank discharges the base manure of 0.25 ~ 0.50 kg, and shows to return after soil is mixed thoroughly full soil with 1/3 ~ 1/2 of playback and to plant female seedling;
(3) cutting orchard management:
Plant after female seedling and irrigate normal root water, and cover straw water conservation soil conservation in the ranks; After field planting, watered 1 water every 3 ~ 5 days, keeping nursery lot moistening, after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, suitably topdressing in conjunction with watering, and truncation is pruned and management of topdressing in time;
(4) cuttings sampling and processing;
After the young sprout extracted out when female seedling reaches 15 cm, instant pruning gathers semi-lignified fringe bar and is used for cuttage as cuttings; Adopt fringe at every turn and spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% in first 10 days, promote fringe bar lignification; The fringe bar gathered is pruned growth 10 ~ 15 cm, and retain 2 ~ 3 buds, stay 2 ~ 3 full leaves below growing point, all the other are erased, and fringe bar lower end is cut into oblique shape, then 50 ~ 100 fringe bars are bundled into a bundle are placed in 50 ~ 200 ppm concentration ABT6 and take root water soaking 12 ~ 24 h;
(5) cuttage:
By the tloig-cutlage through water treatment of taking root in the nutrition cup that cutting medium is housed, after cuttage, drench normal root water;
(6) manage after cuttage:
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net covering shading rate 85% above shades, and autumn and winter opens sunshade net, covered with plastic film heat and moisture preserving; Opened every 7-10 days afterwards and spray foliage fertilizer and bactericide mixed liquor, take root after stablizing, shady net is opened before at 10 in the morning He after at 4 in afternoon, seedling is allowed slowly to adapt to illumination, shady net is packed up after growing young leaves, young sprout and be aging, complete illumination, then drenched sealing fertilizer liquid manure, until grow up to the healthy and strong nursery stock of high more than 25cm every 15 days.
Base manure described in above step (2) is obtained after the uniform quality such as stack retting become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and the calcium magnesium phosphorus crossed mix.
It is cut off the top tip after maternal plant plants 20 days that truncation described in above step (3) is pruned, and retains maternal plant base portion up 3 ~ 5 leaves, high 10 ~ 15 cm, promotes that female Miao Jigan sprouts young sprout; The top tip cut is for cottage breeding nursery stock; When long 20 more than the cm semi-lignified of young sprout, only stay more sturdy, be evenly distributed 2 ~ 3 sprout branch, will sprout branch simultaneously and also cut off the top tip, cultivation new round fringe bar, and so forth, the top tip of pruning and sprout branch for cottage breeding cuttage seeding.
Management of topdressing described in above step (3) executes every pouring in 15 ~ 30 days composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that 1 inferior quality concentration is 0.5 ~ 1.0% in conjunction with trickle after pruning maternal plant, spray 1 foliage fertilizer, promote newly slightly to sprout, annual March and ditching in July organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, namely dig the dark shallow ridges of 10 ~ 12 cm from maternal plant base portion 20cm and discharge paulownia bran every strain 0.5 ~ 1.0 kg and composite fertilizer every strain 0.1 ~ 0.2 kg through retting process, in conjunction with ditching fertilising ground, garden weeded a garden in time simultaneously and loosen the soil; Described composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 %, total nutrient >=48 %.
Cutting medium described in above step (5) is yellow soil and is that 5 ~ 7:3 ~ 5 mix and obtain by volume through stack retting process coconut palm chaff.
In foliage fertilizer described in above step (6) and bactericide mixed liquor, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution of foliage fertilizer to be mass concentration be 0.2 ~ 0.3 %, bactericide to be volumetric concentration be 80 % carbendazol wettable powder, 700 times of aqueous solution or volumetric concentration 85 % zineb pulvis 600 times of aqueous solution or 85 % topsin pulvis, 600 times of aqueous solution, several bactericidal agent cross-reference.
Compared to prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect as follows:
1, a kind of Pasania cuspidata of the present invention educates the propagation method of fringe fast, select fine individual plant nursery stock, take ground, garden nursery furrow dig great Kan to discharge base manure and plant and cultivate maternal plant, topdress and rational pruning through science, make cutting orchard maternal plant grow fast, rudiment is many and sturdy, reproduction speed is fast, and reproduction coefficient is large, fringe bar quality better.
2, a kind of Pasania cuspidata of the present invention educates the propagation method of fringe fast, utilizes the Pasania cuspidata fringe bar of the excellent female parent of cutting orchard to be applied to cottage propagation, can cultivate the high-quality Pasania cuspidata nursery stock keeping maternal merit; And maternal plant cultivate prune time, the top tip cut or semi-lignified sprout branch for cottage breeding nursery stock, back and forth cultivate new fringe bar, reproduction coefficient is high, shortens cultivation period, reduces production cost, promotes Pasania cuspidata high-quality, efficient, fast-developing.
3, a kind of Pasania cuspidata of the present invention educates the propagation method of fringe fast, provide the technology of quickly breeding Pasania cuspidata high-quality cuttings, there is the features such as seedling raise period is short, speed is fast, survival rate is high, method is easy, easy operation, there are good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
In July, 2011, Guangxi forest-science academy experimental field in select to have a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, make cutting orchard to loose fertile gentle slope.Overall site preparation, two plough two rakes, pick up clean grass roots, have started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, furrow face width 100 cm, length 10 m, wide 35 cm of pavement.Select fine individual plant height of seedling 25 cm, leading thread 0.3 more than cm to be female seedling without the healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata of damage by disease and insect, bank is dug by the seeding row spacing of 50 cm × 50 cm in furrow face, cutting orchard ground, and bank size and the degree of depth are 30 cm × 30, cm × 40 cm; Every bank discharges the base manure of 0.25 kg, and shows to return after soil is mixed thoroughly full soil with 1/2 of playback and to plant female seedling.Base manure used is obtained after the uniform quality such as stack retting become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and the calcium magnesium phosphorus crossed mix.
Plant after female seedling and irrigate normal root water, and cover straw water conservation soil conservation in the ranks; After field planting, watered 1 water every 3 ~ 5 days, keeping nursery lot moistening, after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, suitably topdressing in conjunction with watering.After maternal plant plants 20 days, cut off the top tip, retain maternal plant base portion up 3 leaves, high 10 cm, promote that female Miao Jigan sprouts young sprout; The top tip cut is for cottage breeding nursery stock; When long 20 more than the cm semi-lignified of young sprout, only stay more sturdy, be evenly distributed 2 sprout branch, will sprout branch simultaneously and also cut off the top tip, cultivation new round fringe bar, and so forth, the top tip of pruning and sprout branch for cottage breeding cuttage seeding.Execute every pouring in 15 ~ 20 days composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that 1 inferior quality concentration is 0.5% in conjunction with trickle after pruning maternal plant, spray 1 foliage fertilizer, promote newly slightly to sprout, annual March and ditching in July organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, namely dig the dark shallow ridges of 10 ~ 12 cm from maternal plant base portion 20cm and discharge paulownia bran every strain 0.5 kg and composite fertilizer every strain 0.1 kg through retting process, in conjunction with ditching fertilising ground, garden weeded a garden in time simultaneously and loosen the soil.Described composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 %, total nutrient >=48 %.
After the young sprout extracted out when female seedling reaches 15 cm, instant pruning gathers semi-lignified fringe bar and is used for cuttage as cuttings; Adopt fringe at every turn and spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% in first 10 days, promote fringe bar lignification; The fringe bar gathered is pruned growth 10 cm, and retain 2 buds, stay 2 full leaves below growing point, all the other are erased, and fringe bar lower end is cut into oblique shape, then 50 fringe bars are bundled into a bundle are placed in 50 ppm concentration ABT6 and take root water soaking 24 h.By the tloig-cutlage through water treatment of taking root in yellow soil being housed and in non-woven fabrics nutrition cup by volume for the cutting medium that 7:3 mixes and obtain of the coconut palm chaff of stack retting process, then be closely placed on Qian Cha Kui by the specification of the wide 1m of every furrow, before cuttage 1d mass concentration be 0.1% potassium permanganate matrix is carried out disinfection, normal root water is drenched, simultaneously with the 600 times of aqueous solution sprayings of volumetric concentration 85% topsin pulvis after cuttage.
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net covering shading rate 85% above shades, and autumn and winter opens sunshade net, covered with plastic film heat and moisture preserving; Opened every 7-10 days afterwards and spray the mixed liquor that mass concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and volumetric concentration 80% carbendazol wettable powder 700 times of aqueous solution, take root after stablizing, shady net is opened before at 10 in the morning He after at 4 in afternoon, seedling is allowed slowly to adapt to illumination, after growing young leaves, young sprout and be aging, pack up shady net, complete illumination, then drenched every 15 days and execute conventional composite fertilizer's liquid manure, until grow up to the healthy and strong nursery stock of high more than 25cm, survival rate 89%.
Embodiment 2:
In July, 2012, Guangxi forest-science academy experimental field in select to have a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, cutting orchard is made on loose fertile level land.Overall site preparation, two plough two rakes, pick up clean grass roots, have started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, furrow face width 100 cm, length 15 m, wide 35 cm of pavement.Select fine individual plant height of seedling 30 cm, leading thread 0.3 more than cm to be female seedling without the healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata of damage by disease and insect, bank is dug by the seeding row spacing of 50 cm × 50 cm in furrow face, cutting orchard ground, and bank size and the degree of depth are 30 cm × 30, cm × 40 cm; Every bank discharges the base manure of 0.40 kg, and shows to return after soil is mixed thoroughly full soil with 1/2 of playback and to plant female seedling.Base manure used is obtained after the uniform quality such as stack retting become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and the calcium magnesium phosphorus crossed mix.
Plant after female seedling and irrigate normal root water, and cover straw water conservation soil conservation in the ranks; After field planting, watered 1 water every 3 ~ 5 days, keeping nursery lot moistening, after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, suitably topdressing in conjunction with watering.After maternal plant plants 20 days, cut off the top tip, retain maternal plant base portion up 3 ~ 4 leaves, high 10 ~ 12 cm, promote that female Miao Jigan sprouts young sprout; The top tip cut is for cottage breeding nursery stock; When long 20 more than the cm semi-lignified of young sprout, only stay more sturdy, be evenly distributed 3 sprout branch, will sprout branch simultaneously and also cut off the top tip, cultivation new round fringe bar, and so forth, the top tip of pruning and sprout branch for cottage breeding cuttage seeding.Execute every pouring in 20 ~ 25 days composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that 1 inferior quality concentration is 1.0% in conjunction with trickle after pruning maternal plant, spray 1 foliage fertilizer, promote newly slightly to sprout, annual March and ditching in July organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, namely dig the dark shallow ridges of 10 ~ 12 cm from maternal plant base portion 20cm and discharge paulownia bran every strain 0.8 kg and composite fertilizer every strain 0.15 kg through retting process, in conjunction with ditching fertilising ground, garden weeded a garden in time simultaneously and loosen the soil.Described composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 %, total nutrient >=48 %.
After the young sprout extracted out when female seedling reaches 15 cm, instant pruning gathers semi-lignified fringe bar and is used for cuttage as cuttings; Adopt fringe at every turn and spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% in first 10 days, promote fringe bar lignification; The fringe bar gathered is pruned growth 12 cm, and retain 2 buds, stay 3 full leaves below growing point, all the other are erased, and fringe bar lower end is cut into oblique shape, then 80 fringe bars are bundled into a bundle are placed in 100 ppm concentration ABT6 and take root water soaking 18 h.By the tloig-cutlage through water treatment of taking root in yellow soil being housed and in non-woven fabrics nutrition cup by volume for the cutting medium that 6:4 mixes and obtain of the coconut palm chaff of stack retting process, then be closely placed on Qian Cha Kui by the specification of the wide 1m of every furrow, before cuttage 1d mass concentration be 0.2% potassium permanganate matrix is carried out disinfection, normal root water is drenched, simultaneously with the 600 times of aqueous solution sprayings of volumetric concentration 85% topsin pulvis after cuttage.
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net covering shading rate 85% above shades, and autumn and winter opens sunshade net, covered with plastic film heat and moisture preserving; Opened every 8 days afterwards and spray the mixed liquor that mass concentration is 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and volumetric concentration 85 % zineb pulvis 600 times of aqueous solution, take root after stablizing, shady net is opened before at 10 in the morning He after at 4 in afternoon, seedling is allowed slowly to adapt to illumination, shady net is packed up after growing young leaves, young sprout and be aging, complete illumination, then drenched every 15 days and execute conventional composite fertilizer's liquid manure, optionally harmful with chlorophos 800 times of liquid spraying insects of 90%, until grow up to the healthy and strong nursery stock of high 30 more than cm, survival rate 91%.
Embodiment 3:
In June, 2013, Guangxi forest-science academy experimental field in select to have a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, make cutting orchard to loose fertile gentle slope.Overall site preparation, two plough two rakes, pick up clean grass roots, have started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, furrow face width 100 cm, length 15 m, wide 35 cm of pavement.Select fine individual plant height of seedling 35 cm, leading thread 0.3 more than cm to be female seedling without the healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata of damage by disease and insect, bank is dug by the seeding row spacing of 50 cm × 50 cm in furrow face, cutting orchard ground, and bank size and the degree of depth are 30 cm × 30, cm × 40 cm; Every bank discharges the base manure of 0.50 kg, and shows to return after soil is mixed thoroughly full soil with 1/3 of playback and to plant female seedling.Base manure used is obtained after the uniform quality such as stack retting become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and the calcium magnesium phosphorus crossed mix.
Plant after female seedling and irrigate normal root water, and cover straw water conservation soil conservation in the ranks; After field planting, watered 1 water every 3 ~ 5 days, keeping nursery lot moistening, after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, suitably topdressing in conjunction with watering.After maternal plant plants 20 days, cut off the top tip, retain maternal plant base portion up 5 leaves, high 15 cm, promote that female Miao Jigan sprouts young sprout; The top tip cut is for cottage breeding nursery stock; When long 20 more than the cm semi-lignified of young sprout, only stay more sturdy, be evenly distributed 3 sprout branch, will sprout branch simultaneously and also cut off the top tip, cultivation new round fringe bar, and so forth, the top tip of pruning and sprout branch for cottage breeding cuttage seeding.Execute every pouring in 25 ~ 30 days composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that 1 inferior quality concentration is 1.0% in conjunction with trickle after pruning maternal plant, spray 1 foliage fertilizer, promote newly slightly to sprout, annual March and ditching in July organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, namely dig the dark shallow ridges of 10 ~ 12 cm from maternal plant base portion 20cm and discharge paulownia bran every strain 1.0 kg and composite fertilizer every strain 0.2 kg through retting process, in conjunction with ditching fertilising ground, garden weeded a garden in time simultaneously and loosen the soil.Described composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 %, total nutrient >=48 %.
After the young sprout extracted out when female seedling reaches 15 cm, instant pruning gathers semi-lignified fringe bar and is used for cuttage as cuttings; Adopt fringe at every turn and spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% in first 10 days, promote fringe bar lignification; The fringe bar gathered is pruned growth 15 cm, and retain 3 buds, stay 3 full leaves below growing point, all the other are erased, and fringe bar lower end is cut into oblique shape, then 100 fringe bars are bundled into a bundle are placed in 200 ppm concentration ABT6 and take root water soaking 12 h.By the tloig-cutlage through water treatment of taking root in yellow soil being housed and in non-woven fabrics nutrition cup by volume for the cutting medium that 5:5 mixes and obtain of the coconut palm chaff of stack retting process, then be closely placed on Qian Cha Kui by the specification of the wide 1m of every furrow, before cuttage 1d mass concentration be 0.1% potassium permanganate matrix is carried out disinfection, normal root water is drenched, simultaneously with the 600 times of aqueous solution sprayings of volumetric concentration 85% topsin pulvis after cuttage.
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net covering shading rate 85% above shades, and autumn and winter opens sunshade net, covered with plastic film heat and moisture preserving; Opening every 7-10 days afterwards and spraying mass concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and or the mixed liquor of 85 % topsin pulvis, 600 times of aqueous solution.Wherein, bactericide can also adopt volumetric concentration to be several bactericidal agent cross-reference such as 80 % carbendazol wettable powder, 700 times of aqueous solution or volumetric concentration 85 % zineb pulvis 600 times of aqueous solution.Take root after stablizing, shady net is opened before at 10 in the morning He after at 4 in afternoon, seedling is allowed slowly to adapt to illumination, shady net is packed up after growing young leaves, young sprout and be aging, complete illumination, then drenched every 15 days and executes conventional composite fertilizer's liquid manure, optionally harmful with chlorophos 800 times of liquid spraying insects of 90%, until grow up to the healthy and strong nursery stock of high more than 35cm, survival rate 95%.
Claims (6)
1. a Pasania cuspidata educates the propagation method of fringe fast, it is characterized in that: select with whole with comprising garden, cutting orchard is set up, cutting orchard manages, fringe bar is cultivated, cuttings sampling and processing, operation is managed after cuttage and cuttage, select fine individual plant nursery stock, take ground, garden nursery furrow dig bank to discharge to plant after fertilizer makes base manure and cultivate maternal plant and make cutting orchard, cultivate semi-lignified branch through topdressing with rational pruning and make fringe bar, by tloig-cutlage in the nutrition cup that matrix is housed, nursery stock cultivated by cover film and shady net, obtain the Pasania cuspidata cuttage seeding of a large amount of high-quality, its concrete operation step is as follows:
Garden ground select with wholely:
Selection has a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, make cutting orchard with loosening fertile level land or gentle slope; Overall site preparation, two plough two rakes, pick up clean grass roots, have started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, furrow face width 100 cm, length 10 ~ 15 m, wide 35 cm of pavement;
(2) cutting orchard is set up:
Select fine individual plant height of seedling 25 ~ 35 cm, leading thread 0.3 more than cm to be female seedling without the healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata of damage by disease and insect, bank is dug by the seeding row spacing of 50 cm × 50 cm in furrow face, cutting orchard ground, and bank size and the degree of depth are 30 cm × 30, cm × 40 cm; Every bank discharges the base manure of 0.25 ~ 0.50 kg, and shows to return after soil is mixed thoroughly full soil with 1/3 ~ 1/2 of playback and to plant female seedling;
(3) cutting orchard management:
Plant after female seedling and irrigate normal root water, and cover straw water conservation soil conservation in the ranks; After field planting, watered 1 water every 3 ~ 5 days, keeping nursery lot moistening, after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, suitably topdressing in conjunction with watering, and truncation is pruned and management of topdressing in time;
(4) cuttings sampling and processing;
After the young sprout extracted out when female seedling reaches 15 cm, instant pruning gathers semi-lignified fringe bar and is used for cuttage as cuttings; Adopt fringe at every turn and spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% in first 10 days, promote fringe bar lignification; The fringe bar gathered is pruned growth 10 ~ 15 cm, and retain 2 ~ 3 buds, stay 2 ~ 3 full leaves below growing point, all the other are erased, and fringe bar lower end is cut into oblique shape, then 50 ~ 100 fringe bars are bundled into a bundle are placed in 50 ~ 200 ppm concentration ABT6 and take root water soaking 12 ~ 24 h;
(5) cuttage:
By the tloig-cutlage through water treatment of taking root in the nutrition cup that cutting medium is housed, after cuttage, drench normal root water;
(6) manage after cuttage:
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net covering shading rate 85% above shades, and autumn and winter opens sunshade net, covered with plastic film heat and moisture preserving; Opened every 7-10 days afterwards and spray foliage fertilizer and bactericide mixed liquor, take root after stablizing, shady net is opened before at 10 in the morning He after at 4 in afternoon, seedling is allowed slowly to adapt to illumination, shady net is packed up after growing young leaves, young sprout and be aging, complete illumination, then drenched sealing fertilizer liquid manure, until grow up to the healthy and strong nursery stock of high more than 25cm every 15 days.
2. a kind of Pasania cuspidata according to claim 1 educates the propagation method of fringe fast, it is characterized in that: the base manure described in step (2) is obtained after the uniform quality such as stack retting become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and the calcium magnesium phosphorus crossed mix.
3. a kind of Pasania cuspidata according to claim 1 educates the propagation method of fringe fast, it is characterized in that: it is cut off the top tip after maternal plant plants 20 days that the truncation described in step (3) is pruned, retain maternal plant base portion up 3 ~ 5 leaves, high 10 ~ 15 cm, promote that female Miao Jigan sprouts young sprout; The top tip cut is for cottage breeding nursery stock; When long 20 more than the cm semi-lignified of young sprout, only stay more sturdy, be evenly distributed 2 ~ 3 sprout branch, will sprout branch simultaneously and also cut off the top tip, cultivation new round fringe bar, and so forth, the top tip of pruning and sprout branch for cottage breeding cuttage seeding.
4. a kind of Pasania cuspidata according to claim 1 educates the propagation method of fringe fast, it is characterized in that: the management of topdressing described in step (3) executes every pouring in 15 ~ 30 days composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that 1 inferior quality concentration is 0.5 ~ 1.0% in conjunction with trickle after pruning maternal plant, spray 1 foliage fertilizer, promote newly slightly to sprout, annual March and ditching in July organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, namely dig the dark shallow ridges of 10 ~ 12 cm from maternal plant base portion 20cm and discharge paulownia bran every strain 0.5 ~ 1.0 kg and composite fertilizer every strain 0.1 ~ 0.2 kg through retting process, in conjunction with ditching fertilising, ground, garden is weeded a garden in time and loosened the soil simultaneously, described composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 %, total nutrient >=48 %.
5. a kind of Pasania cuspidata according to claim 1 educates the propagation method of fringe fast, it is characterized in that: the cutting medium described in step (5) is yellow soil and is that 5 ~ 7:3 ~ 5 mix and obtain by volume through stack retting process coconut palm chaff.
6. a kind of Pasania cuspidata according to claim 1 educates the propagation method of fringe fast, it is characterized in that: in the foliage fertilizer described in step (6) and bactericide mixed liquor, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution of foliage fertilizer to be mass concentration be 0.2 ~ 0.3 %, bactericide to be volumetric concentration be 80 % carbendazol wettable powder, 700 times of aqueous solution or volumetric concentration 85 % zineb pulvis 600 times of aqueous solution or 85 % topsin pulvis, 600 times of aqueous solution, several bactericidal agent cross-reference.
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| CN108811822A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-16 | 成都市多穗石柯农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of Pasania cuspidata |
| CN109041843A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-21 | 芦山县石刀沟乡村旅游发展有限公司 | The method that lithocarpus litseifolius cutting propagation survival rate can be improved |
| CN112154872A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 广西南药康园投资有限责任公司 | Industrialized seedling raising method for cibotium barometz |
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